Nam bán dâm đồng giới kỳ thị và ứng phó với kỳ thị

Nghi§n ciiu Gia dinh vk Gi6i So -2012 Nam ban dam dong gidi: KV Ihj va irng voi iiil tlii Mai Thanh Tu Vi6n Nghien cifu Xa hOi, Kmh IS vS M6i trudng Le Minh Giang B6 mOn Dich \h hoc, Truong Dai hoc Y Ha Noi Trinh Thj Ngoc Diep Vi6n Nghign cUu Ph^l In^n Xa hoi Nguyen HOru Anh Tmng tam Nghifin oru va Dao tao HIV/AIDS, Tnjdng Dai hoc Y Ha Noi Tom tat: Cac nghien ciiu tra6c day ve nam ban dam chii yeu tap trung vac khia canh HIV/AIDS, nhom nam co quan he tinh due dong gidi (Men who have sex with men - MSM) dUcIc nhin nhan nhU nguyen nhan de doa den silc khoe cgng dong, lan truyen HIV/AIDS va cac benh lay truyen qua dUdng tinh due Bai viet chi rling sU ky thi ma nhiing ngUcfi nam ban dam dong gidi gSp phai khong chi lien quan de'n hanh vi mai dam ciia ho, ma lien quan den viec c6 nguy c6 "gan mac dong tinh" Nam ban dSm dong gidi deu co each thdc iing rieng vdi nhiing k^ thi de bao ve dUdc siJ nam tinh cua minh, vin tri cong viec ban dam nhU mot nguon so'ng thU^ng xuyen Ti; khoa: Nam tinh; Nam ban dam; Nam ban dam dong gi6i; MSM; SiJ ky thi 1 80 Nghien ciiu Gla dinh va Giii Quyen 22, so 6, tr 119-131 Gidi thieu Mac dCi da cii nhidu ngliiSn cUu vi nam gicSi c6 quan he linh due cung gi6i (MSM - Men who have sex wiih men), nhimg chu yfu nam lln vflng vdi ngudi cLing gidi khac gidi hay ca hai Ddng ti'nh di u'nh hoac song tinh la cac xu hudng tinh due; dd ngudi ddng ti'nh (homosexual) la ngirdi c6 sir hS'p ddn ve linh cam/ tinh due vdi ngudi cung gidi; ngudi di tinh (heterosexual) la ngudi cd su ha'p ddn ve tinh cam/ tinh due vdi ngU&i khde gidi '^' Ban dang gidi ta cam nhSn hoac irai nghiem mang tinh chu quan ciia mdi ca nhan cam tha'y minh thuOc ve gidi nam hay nfl Ngudi chuyin gidi (transgender) duoc hilu la ngudi sinh vdi gidi llnh sinh hpc la nam nhung lai nghi minh la nu va ngupc lai Ngudi chuyen gidi co thi da hoac chua trai qua phdu thuSt chuygn doi gidi tfnh Bai viet sff dung thual niiCr chuyen gidi theo nghia hen Mai Thanh Tii va cac tac gia 13] la nhflng ngudi tuan theo gidi tfnh ngirpc vdi gidi linh sinh hoc (trans.sexual) Ho nghT cam tha'y va hiinh ddng nhu mdt ngudi a gidi ifnh hoan loan ngirpc lai Viet Nam "transgender" 1& thuat ngfl mdi xuat hifin HiSn c6 nhieu each chuyen nghia thufti ngfl niiy nhu "ngudi chuyin gidi" "ngUdi xuyfin gidi" "ngudi vupt gidi" Cach goi dupe nhicii ngudi ndi din la "ngudi chuyen gidi" mac dii ndi ham ciia thuAl ngfl gSy liing tiing phan ti'ch tfl nguyen nghTa gde cung nhu Iren thuc te "' Bdn phu: Thien (irdi) Dia (d.ii) Thoai (nudc) Thuong Ngan (rimg) Tai lieu tham khao Anh H T Nhung D T and Trung N T 2012, Action research for prevenn on of violence among MSM in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Donn Colby Trucfng Tdn Minh Tfln Thai Toan 2008, Down on the farm: homosexual behaviour HH' risk and Hl\'' prevalence in rural comnuinilies in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam Sex Transm Infect 84 p.439^43, Goffman E 1963, Stigma: The management of spoiled identity London: Penguin Le Minh Giang va cflng su 2010 "Dac dilm dich it hoc va cac yeu td nguy co lay nhiem HIV/STTs tren nhdm nam ban dSm ddng tinh a Ha Noi" Tgp chi Nghien citu Yhgc Sd tr.llI-119 Link B G., & Phelan J C 2001 "Conceptualizing Stigma" Annual Review of Sociology 21(1) 363-3B5 Nguyen Tuan Anh Nguyen Tran Hien Le Truong Giang Roger Detels 2008 "Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with HIV Infection Among Men Having Sex with Men in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam" AIDS Behavior 12 p476-^82 Nguyen Thu Nam 2012 Thdi xd hgi vdi ngUdi ddng tinh Parker R and Aggleton R 2003 "HIV and AIDS-relaled stigma and discrimination: a conceptual framework and implications for action" Social Science & Medicine Volume 57 Issue pI3-24 Pham Quynh Phuong, Le Quang Binh va Mai Thanh Tu 2012 Khdt vgng dugc Id chinh minh Khia cgnh phdp ly vd tlufc tiin ciia ngifdi chuyen gidi d Viet Nam Nxb.The gidi Ha Noi, Tniong Ta'n Mmh, Ton Tha't Toan va Donn Colby, 2006, Hdnh vi tinh due ddng gidi vd nguy co Idy nhiim HIV tgi khu vUc nong thdn tinh Khanh Hda, Viet Nam Nxb The gidi UNAIDS 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic 2006 May, Vu Ngpc Bao va Fhillipe GirauU 2005, Ddi mat vdi siftligf Tinh due ddng gidi nam (MSM) vd HIV/AIDS d Viel Nam Nxb The gidi  ... chi nhiing nam giiSi cfl quan he tiing gidi vk co ve ngoai nam linh ndn co thd bao him ea nguoi thuflc xu huflng tinh due dflng tfnh va di ti'nh Tucfng lu tir "bong lo" nfli den nhiing nam gidi... tinh due d6ng gi6i - v6'n chua dugc khoan dung xa h6i phu he d^ cao gia tri ciia nam gidi vii nam linh nhir Viet Nam Theo Goffman (1963) co loai ky Ihi: Loai ky thi thu- nha'l la dang than the... ciiu cua Colby nam 2001, sd 219 nam cd quan hfi linh due d6ng gidi c6 22% da limg mua dam vd 31 % cd bdn dam iC'nlh, 2003 ddn theo Lc Minh Giang va cdng su, 2012) Trong idng sd 25 nam ban dam ciing