EM GIA DINH - YEU TO QUAN TRONG TRONG GIAO DUC DAO DlTC CHO HOC SINH, SINH VIEN Family - an important role in the moral education for pupils, students Tran Van Phiic' Nguydn Kim Chuydn^ Tom tat Abstract Gia dinh cd vai trd quan trgng viee gido due dgo due cho hgc sinh, sinh vien hien B&i gia dinh Id te hao cua xd hdi, nai tri ndi gidng, bdo tdn, phdt huy vdn hda truyin thong tdt dep, chdng lai cdc te nan xd hdi vd ciing chinh Id mdi tru&ng quan trgng de hinh thdnh vd phdt trien nhdn cdch eon nguai Family plays an important role m the moral education for pupils, students Because family is the cell of society, which keeps the survival of species, conserves andpromotes thefinetraditional culture against the social evils; and the important environment for the formation and development of personality Tickhda: gia dinh, gido due, dgo ditc, hgc sinh, Key words: family, education, moral, pupil, sinh vien student \ Dat van de Ngi dung Nhimg nam gan day, tac ddng ciia ca chd thj trudng, to^n cau hda, hdi nhap va mdt sd nguydn nhan khac da anh hudng ddn ddi sdng tam Iy, loi sdng cua nhieu tSng Idp xa hdi, dac bidt la lira tudi hgc sinh (HS), sinh vidn (SV) Hg phai ddi mat vdi rat nhieu khd khan vide lya chgn Idi sdng cua minh vira phii hgp vdi gia tri dao diic truydn thdng dan tdc, vira phai theo kip vdi sy phit Uien cila xa hdi hidn dai Mat frai ciia sy hdi nhap la sy xao trdn, mat dn dinh tam ly, van hda cua rat nhieu ngudi xa hdi CJ lua tudi HS - Sy, cac em rat nhay cam vdi cai mdi, hay bat chudc nhirng thdi hu tat xau ngoai xa hdi, tham chi xem nhu la mdt trao luu nham the hien "cai tdi" ciia minh Nhiing bieu hidn sai lech deu gay nhiing hau qua xau cho ca nhan va xa hdi, rat can dugc chan chinh, udn nan kjp thdi 2.1 Thyc trang ve dao dire cua hoc sinh, sinh vien giai doan bien Nghi quydt Trung uong II ciia Dang khda VIII da nhan manh vd thuc trang dao diic HS, SV hidn nay: "Dac bidt dang lo ngai la mgt bg phan HS, SV cd tinh Uang suy thoai vd dao diic, md nhat vd li tudng, theo Idi sdng thuc dyng, thidu hoai bao lap than, lap nghiep vi tuong lai cua ban than va dat nude Trong nhirng nam tdi can tang cudng giao dye tu tudng dao diic, y thiic cdng dan, long yeu nude, chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh td chiic cho HS tham gia cac hoat ddng xa hdi, van hoa, thd thao phii hgp vdi lira tudi va vdi ydu cau giao due toan dien" Qua cac phuang tien truyen thdng, chiing ta cd thd thay: thyc trang dao diic cila HS, SV dang di Ciing vdi sy bidn ddi vd ciing to Idn ciia ddi xudng, nhimg gia tri dao diic truydn thdng dang sdng xa hgi nhu hien nay, mdi gia dinh thay ddi Didu cd thd dugc minh chiing bdi so cung didn sy bien ddi mgt each nhanh chdng Qua frinh toan ciu hda va hdi nhap qude td da tac lieu nghidn ciiu cua Vidn Nghidn ciiu va Phat tridn dgng manh me ddn mgi mat cua ddi sdng gia dinh Giao due Viet Nam vd vin dd HS ndi ddi cha me Bdn canh nhung tac ddng tich cue, nhung ca hdi tang dan ciing liia tudi (dac bidt la lira tudi phat fridn mdi ciing cd khdng it nhung nguy ca va vj nien) Theo dd, ti le HS Tidu hgc ndi ddi thach thiic dang dat cho mdi gia dinh Chinh vi cha me la 22%, ddn Trung hgc ca sd la 50% va the, da den liic cac bac cha me, cac thd he gia 64% ddi vdi HS Trung hgc phd thong Theo ba Ld dinh can phai khing djnh lai vai trd va trach nhiem Nguyen Hucmg, Phd Hidu Uudng Trudng THPT cua minh Uong vide giao due dao diic cho em chuyen Nguydn Hue cho rang, cang Idn, y thiic dang la fridi HS - SV dao diic ciia HS cang di xudng Sd lieu trdn phan anh phan nao thuc trang Idng leo Uong viec giao ' Thgic si, Phong Thanh Ira - Phdp che, Tru&ng Dai hpc Ddng Thdp due dao ditc cho cai gia dinh ^ ThfC si Khoa QLGD & TLGD Truong DQI hpc Ddng Thdp So 16, thdng 12/2014 Cd the dd dang nhan thay, vdi viec coi nhe vin de giao due dao diic cho cai, nudng chieu mdt each het myc, dap ung mgi nhu ciu cua con, khdng la mang dii biet la sai frai, san sang bao che nhiing Idi lam ciia con, la nguyen nhan chu ydu dan tdi viec sa sut Idi sdng dao diic cua HS - SV Chinh Idi giao due cua cha me dan tdi vide cac em trd nen khdng vang Idi, hay ndi ddi cha me, thidu y thiic tdn trgng thay cd, ky luat ciia nha trudng; gian lan thi cii, thieu y thiic sdng tdn trgng va lam theo phap luat Dugc ngudi Idn nudng chidu, "bao che", cac em the hidn ban than mgt each qua dang, quan he yeu duong qua sdm va khdng lanh manh Dugc cha me dap ling mgi nhu cau, cac em dd cao gia tri vat chat, Idi sdng ua hudng thu Cha me ban rdn vdi vide lam an kinh te, khdng cham lo giao due cai lam cac em xa rdi gia frj dao diic, chuan myc cila gia dinh Tdm lai, cd the thiy xa hdi nay, vin dd giao due dao dire cho cai dang bi xao nhang va khdng dugc quan tam diing tam, diing mirc cila nd Trong nha trudng va xa hgi dang loay hoay tim Idi giai cho van de giao dye dao diic cho HS, SV, vai frd ciia gia dinh lai cang trd ndn hdt sire quan trgng Gia dinh can nhan thay trach nhiem va bdn phan ciia minh frong viec xay dyng mdt ndn tang dao dire cho cai 2.2 Y nghia ciia gia dinh viec giao due dao due cho hoc sinh, sinh vien Gia dinh la mdi trudng ca sd dau tidn cd vj tri va y nghTa Idn lao ddi vdi vide hinh va phat tridn nhan each ngudi Dd la mdi trudng gin bd sudt cudc ddi ciia mdi ca nhan Gia dinh la nai tao mdi quan he gan bd rugt thit huydt thdng - mdt thii tinh cam khd cd thd chia cit Do dd, cd phai trai qua bao bidn ddng ve mgi phuang didn, ngudi van ludn hudng ve qud huang, gia dinh Cd the ndi, cha me la ngudi thay giao, la nha su pham dau tidn giao due cho cai nhirng phim chat nhan each ca ban lam ndn tang cho qua trinh phat trien toan dien vd dao diic, tri Iyc, thd Iyc, tham my, lao ddng theo ydu ciu'ciia xa hdi Do nhidu nguyen nhan chii quan va khach quan ndn mgt sd gia dinh khdng the true tidp giao due cai phat trien toan didn v6 mgi mat De thyc hidn nhirng didu da cd nhirng ca quan chuyen Uach, tnrdng hgc nhung chiing ta cung khdng the nao giao phd hdt trach nhiem cho hg Gia dinh ndn kdt hgp mat thidt vdi nha trudng frong cdng tac giao dye dao dire cho Vi gia dinh la nai hinh ndn tang dao diic ca ban, cdn nha trudng la nai hinh dao diic cua ngudi cdng dan cd Ui thiic Ngay nay, nhidu bac cha me vi lo Iam an ndn thieu quan tam ddn cai, coi vide giao dye, day dd la cila thay cd, la cua nha frudng Cd the ndi, mdt minh nd lye cua giao vidn chac chin se khdng lam dugc gi frong vin de Gia dinh cin nhan biet ring: giao dye d?o diic cho em chiing ta can bat dau tir chinh gia dinh va phai til gia dinh, rb'i mdi ddn nha Uudng va cdng ddng Do vay, cha me ndn ket hgp mgt thidt vdi nha trudng, dac bidt la vdi thay/cd chu nhiem, ngudi lam cdng tac quan ly HS - SV, de nam bat • tinh hinh ciia cac em, ddng thdi eung od nhung phan hdi kip thdi de cdng tac kdt hgp giao due thyc sy dat hieu qua 2.3 Tam quan trgng cua gia dinh viec giao due dao due cho HS - SV hien Trong thdi dai phat trien khoa hgc cdng nghe nhu vii bao, ciing vdi su giao luu van hda qude te cang manh me thi thd he tre cd nhidu ca hgi tiep can vd cac he thdng luan ly va tinh each khac Vi thd, cac bac cha me phai khang dinh lai vai Ud cua minh frong viec giao due dao diic cho cai Bdi, HS - SV, vdi nhimg dac didmfrdtudi, cd trinh va nang Iyc sang tao, kha nang tiep nhan cai mdi nhanh va linh hoat, thich nghi kjp vdi sy thay ddi nhanh chdng cua xa hgi hidn dai Ben canh nhirng tac ddng tich eye thi cung khdng it nhiing nguy ca va thach thirc dat vdi mdi gia dinh Cho ndn, vide giao due dao dire cho HS - SV hidn dang la mdt van de nhiic nhdi va cap bach cila toan xa hgi Nha trudng va xa hgi khdng the lam hdt, Iam thay Uach nhiem, bdn phan cua nhimg bac sinh Uong vide giao due dao diic cho cai Do do, frong mdi gia dinh, ma dac biet la cha me phai nhan thay vai trd va trach nhiem cua minh vin dd Tuy nhidn, trdn thyc td xa hdi, ngoai mdt bd phan nhiing bac cha me bidt each giao dye va udn nan cai trd nhiing ngoan trd gidi thi khdng it cac bac phu huynh cd nhiing quan didm va phuang phap giao dye chua diing din, chua phii hgp, cha me nudng chieu qua miic, dap irng thda man mgi nhu ciu cua cai dan ddn vide hinh nhirng thdi xau nhu ich ky, y lai, kieu ngao, dua ddi, Vo tinh diy cac em trd cac cau am, cd chidu Hay tha ndi tu vdi cac bac cha me ban rdn c Sdl6 thdng 12/2014 jm g^o tidn ma khdng cdn thdi gian quan tam va giao dye cac em, phd thac cho nha trudng din den cac thdi hu, tat xau ma bd me khdng biet de ngan chan kjp thdi Bdn canh dd, cd gia dinh cha me thudng hay "ndng lanh that thudng", ky vgng qua cao d cai, lilc thi vd vd chidu chuong hdt miic, liic thi danh mang thd bao, theo tam frang budn vui ciia hg, chii khdng phai theo phuong phap giao due phii hgp vdi cac tinh hudng cu the vi vay khdng dat dugc ket qua nhu mong mudn Thd hai: Nghiem khdc vd khoan dung lugng Trude het ban than cha me phai thd hidn sy nghidn khac, bang sy mau myc Idi ndi va vide lam vdi tu each la mdt cdng dan chan chinh, la ngudi chu cua gia dinh, tir dd cha me mdi cd thd ydu cau, ddi hdi ddi vdi mgi hanh vi boat ddng ciia cai Khoan dung, lugng thd hidn sy tdn trgng, tin tudng ydu thuang cua cha me vdi cai, khdng phai la qua dd dai, nudng chidu, mac cho Dd giao due dao diic cho HS - SV dat hieu qua, cac em ty hanh ddng Nghiem khic kdt hgp vdi khoan dung lugng se giiip cho cac bac cha me gia dinh, ma dac biet la cac bac cha me, can phai cd nhimg bidn phap giao dye phii hgp, cha me phai tim dugc giai phap phii hgp ddi vdi cac tinh hudng la tam guang ve ddi sdng dao diic de cai hgc giao due gia dinh tap va noi theo Cha me can xay dyng gia dinh thyc Thir ba: Thdng nhdt muc dich gido due sy la mdt to am hanh phiic de gia dinh trd Giao due gia dinh chi dat kdt qua tdt dep mdi trudng thuan tidn cho su phat tridn nhan each ndu nhu tat ca mgi vidn frong gia dinh (dng ciia cai Bac Hd da ndi: "Giao dye frong nha ba, cha me, ngudi Idn ) deu tac ddng theo djnh trudng chi la mdt phan, can cd sy giao dye ngoai hudng thdng nhat vao mdt muc dich chung nham xa hdi va gia dinh dd giilp cho vide giao due hinh va phat tridn d cac em nhihig pham nha trudng dugc tdt han Giao due nha chat, nang lye, thdi quen, hanh vi chuan myc cila trudng dii tot ddn may nhung neu thidu giao dye ngudi cdng dan chan chinh theo ydu cau cila xa gia dinh va xa hdi thi kdt qua ciing khdng hoan hgi Qua frinh giao due dao diic cho cac em se vd toan" Vi v|.y, frong qua trinh giao due dao diic cho ciing khd khan ndu nhu gia dinh khdng cd sy tac HS - SV hidn nay, cha me cin dam bao thyc hidn ddng thdng nhat, ddng bd vao ciing muc dich mgt so nguyen tic giao due Thic tu: Uy quyin cua cha me gido due 2.4 Mgt so nguyen tac gia dinh can tuan thu viec giao due dao dire cho HS, SV Qua viec nghidn ciru Iy luan vd giao dye dao dire, kdt hgp vdi thyc frang dang bao ddng vd giao dye dao diic cho cai gia dinh cung nhu nha trudng va qua tdng kdt kinh nghidm giang day vd vin dk giao dye dao diic cho HS, SV hien nay, chiing tdi xin dd xuat mgt sd nguyen tic sau: gia dinh Ddi vdi cai, uy quyen thyc sy ciia cha me cd y nghTa to Idn, tich cue ben viing ddi vdi qua frinh hinh va phat tridn nhan each tdt dep cua chiing the hien qua vai Ud, trach nhiem cua cha me Uong cudc sdng lao ddng, cdng vide hang ngay, hay dao dire guong mau cua ngudi cdng dan se Iam cho cac cm phai kinh phyc va hgc tap Thd'ndm: Tdn trgng nhdn cdch Thd nhdt; Tgo khdng gia dinh em dm, hda thudn Gia dinh la mdi trudng dau tien, gan gui gan bd sudt cugc ddi ciia mgi vidn cd anh hudng vd Cling sau sac den toan bg ddi sdng tam ly, dao dire, xu hudng phat uidn ciia ca nhan Cha me can coi Ugng xay dyng nd nep, truyen thdng dao due gia dinh Vi mdi trudng giao due cd anh hudng rat Idn den Idi sdng ciia cac em Mdt gia dinh nd ndp gia phong, cha me thuang yeu quan tam lang nghe va tdn trgng cai, cac vien frong gia dinh yeu thuang diim bgc lin se giup cac em cd dugc ndn tang dao diic virng chic Cha me phai ludn san sang lang nghe y kidn cua cai, ciing can la mgt ngudi ban de chia sd, ddng vidn, khuyen khich cac em cin thidt Khdng nen cd cac phuong phap giao dye bao Iyc nhu chiri mang, danh dap thil tidu nhirng nhu cau, nguyen vgng chinh dang can cd d dac diem Ilia tudi cua cac em Ngoai ra, nhirng bac cha me ciing can dugc trang bj nhidu han nhung kidn thiic ve giao due gia dinh nhu cham sdc, nudi day cai mgt each khoa hgc, biet ky nang tu van, trd chuydn ciing theo Ilia tudi dd tir dd cd nhung phuong phap, bidn phap, ndi dung giao dye mdi phii hgp vdi sy So 16, thdng 12/2014 E £ I thay ddi nhiing gia tri mdi cua gia dinh bdi canh toan ciu hda va hdi nhap qude te hien Ket luan Giao due gia dinh cd y nghTa rat quan trgng ddi vdi sy phat tridn nhan each cila ngudi Vi vay, nhidu nude de cao truydn thdng gia dinh De Idp ngudi frd tudi Ud nhimg cdng dan tdt, sdng cd ich cho gia dinh va dit nude, didu diu tidn la giao dye gia dinh Cac bac phy huynh cin Uiiy rd vai frd, trach nhiem ciia gia dinh ma quan tam, quan li, kidm soat em chat che d^ kjp didi didu chuih va ngan chan cac vidn bj loi cuon vao cac td nan xa hgi Day thyc sy la mgt cdng viec thudng fryc va het siic khd khan ddi vdi gia dinh Nd vira ddi hdi gia dinh phai phat huy hdt cac sire manh vdn cd cua minh, viia ddi hdi cac vidn frong gia dinh phai gdp cdng siic va phai la nhirng tim guong sang de cac em noi theo Tai lieu tham khao Chuang trinh giao dye phd thdng 2006 Hoat dgng gido dgc ngodi gia len l&p NXB Giao dye Hoang, Anh 2007 "Thyc Uang dinh hudng gia tri dao diic ciia sinh vien su pham TP.HCM" Luan van Thac sT Tam ly hgc Nguydn, Thac va Pham, Thanh Nghi 1992 Tdm lihgc suphgm dgi hoc NXB Giao due Phan, Thanh Long 2009 Ly ludn gido due NXB Dai hgc Su pham Tran, Thj Tuydt Oanh (chu bien) 2008 Gido dgc hge 1,2 NXB Dai hgc su pham Trudng Dai hgc Su pham TPHCM 2010 "Vai trd cua gia dinh frong vide giao dye dao diic cho tuoi vj nidn" Tidu luan mdn Tam ly hgc giao due, xem 10/11/2DI3, So 16 thang 12/2014 Kf ... phan ciia minh frong viec xay dyng mdt ndn tang dao dire cho cai 2.2 Y nghia ciia gia dinh viec giao due dao due cho hoc sinh, sinh vien Gia dinh la mdi trudng ca sd dau tidn cd vj tri va y nghTa... nha trudng va xa hgi dang loay hoay tim Idi giai cho van de giao dye dao diic cho HS, SV, vai frd ciia gia dinh lai cang trd ndn hdt sire quan trgng Gia dinh can nhan thay trach nhiem va bdn phan... nguyen tac gia dinh can tuan thu viec giao due dao dire cho HS, SV Qua viec nghidn ciru Iy luan vd giao dye dao dire, kdt hgp vdi thyc frang dang bao ddng vd giao dye dao diic cho cai gia dinh