Một số suy nghĩ về giá trị văn hóa châu á và vai trò của các trường đại học trong việc Xây dựng môi trường văn hóa,hợp tác nghiên cứu khu vực.pdf

Nghien cvai khoa hoc NGHIEN CIJU KHU VUG MOT SO SUY NGHI VE GIA TRj VAN HOA CHAU A VA VAI TRO CUA CAC T R U ^ G DAI HOC TRONG VIEC XAY DONG MOI TROlorNG VAN HOA, HOP TAC NGHIEN CUU KHU VUC** NGUYEN VAN MM* Tom tat; Tic nhieu the ky truac Cong nguyen, Chdu A dd Id nai khai ngudn, phat triin cita cdc nen vdn hoa, vdn minh l&n Cdc nin vdn hoa, vdn minh Chdu A luon thi hien vd tdng chica nhieu ddc tinh, gid tri rieng biet Trong thai dai md xu the hgi nhgp khu vuc vd todn cau hoa ngdy cdng dien manh me, cdc gid tri vdn hoa Chdu A lgi duoc ddt nhu mot nhimg vdn de cot yeu de nhgn dien, dinh dien bdn sdc vdn hoa, khdng dinh vi the cua moi quoc gia Bdi viet muon tap trung trinh bdy mpt so si^ nghive cdc gid tri vdn hoa Chdu A; nhung nhdn to tgo nen su tuang dong, di biet giUa cdc vimg, khong gian van hoa; du&ng truyen tdi, tiep giao vdn hoa, vd vai tro cua cdc tru&ng dgi hoc viec xdy dung mot moi tru&ng vdn hoa vd hgp tdc nghien cuu khu vi^c Tir khoa: Chau A, Gia tri van hoa Chau A, Tiep biln van hoa Giao lu'u, hoi nhap va tiep bien van hoa Chau A la mpt khu vyic dia - chinh tri, dia kinh te va dia - vdn hoa co nhieu dilm tuong dong^ Tir nhUng thi ky truoc, sau Cong nguyen giiJa cac qu6c gia khu virc da co nhieu moi Uen he thuong xuyen, mat thi^t ve lich su, vanhoa^ Nguoi ta timg bilt din nhung mach ' PGS.TS, Truing Dai hpc Khoa hgc XS hpi \k NhSn van, Dai hijc Qu6c gia Ha Npi " Bii vigt phit tri^n tir bSo c4o tham gia Dien d ^ khoa hpc qu6c t^: "The Second Korea - Vietnam Forum for the Fulur^' (Diln din vl tirong lai Hin - Viet ISn thiSr hai" Vifn Hin Iam Khoa hpc xa hpi Viet Nam v i QuJ Giao lim Qu6c tfi Hin Qu6c (Korea Foundation) phSi hpp t6 chiic tai thiJ d6 Seoul, HinQuSc ngiy 19-3-2015 ' Lam My Dung, "Vii net ve thdn dai d6ng thau Hin Quoc", trong: D^i hpc Khoa hpc x i hOi v i nhin van - Khoa Dong phuang hpc, 10 ndm dao tgo va nghien cuu Han Quoc tgi Vi4t Nam, Nxb D^i hpc Qu6c gia H i Npi, H., 2003, tr 164176; Luu Thi H6ng Vi?t, "Mpt vii so sinh \k motif giiJa c6 tich nguiri Vift v i c6 tich ngudi Hin"; Cao The Trinh, "Miy V kien xung quanh vific thd Thinh hoing d Hin t0c v i Vift tfic", trong: D^i hpc Khoa hpc xS hpi v i nhin vSn, Khoa Dong phucmg hpc, Thuc day Han Quoc hpc a Viet Nam, Nxb ThS gi6i, H., tr 213-228, 241-256; Phan Thj Thu Hifin, "Truyfin thuylt Man Nirong ctia Vifit Nam v i vu ca Tan^eum Aegi ciia Hin Qu6c"; Nguyen Hiiu Son, "Sir tuong d6ng cic tifiu truyen Thifin su Hin Quoc v i Viet Nam trudc thfi ky XIV", Tgp chi Nghien cuu Dong BSc A, s6 11(141), 2012, tr 3-15,16-15; Doan Lfi Giang, "Sutuong dfing ^ 1? giira van hpc c6 diln Vift Nam v i vin hpc cfi dien Hin Qufic", Tap chi Nghien cuu Bong Bdc A, so 1(155), 2014, tr 13-23; Nguyen Huu Son, "So sinh trio luu nhan vin vin hpc Hin - Viet thfi ky XVIII-XIX", Tgp chi Nghien ciiu Dong BSc A, s6 7(161), 2014, tr 47-57 ' Carter J.Eckert - Ki-baik Lee - Young Ick Lew - Michael Robinson - Edward W.Wagner, Korea Old and New - A History, Ilchokak, Publishers for Korea histitute, Harvard University, 1990; James B.Palais, Politics and Policy in Traditional Korea, Harvard East Asian Monographs, 159, Harvard University Press, 1991; Hpi Khoa hpc Lich sir Viel NGHIEN Cifa O O M G B S C A sd 5{171) 5-2015 63 Nghien cvcu khoa hgc nguon va dong chay van hoa tur Trung Quoc, An Dp, Tay A Ian toa den cac quoc gia khu vuc va nguoc tai, ncri phat nguyen cac dong chay van hoa cung ddng thai tilp nhan dugre nhieu tuu, di san van hoa tir c ^ nuac lang gieng Su gjao luu van hoa gifia cac qu6c gia Chau A cung nhu the gidi luon la moi lien he, tuong tac da dien, da chilu Nguyen Thu tuong dong thai la nha van hoa lon cua An Dp, Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) ttmg cho ring: ''''Khong co nen vdn hoa ndo tren the giai lgi tuyet doi co xua, thudn khiet vd khong bi dnh huang b&i bdt cu nin vdn hoa ndo khde Ngu&i ta khong the song vai mpt nguon cgi re Thgm chi, coi re cOng se kho heo neu no khong vuom dual dnh sdng mgt trai vd khong tu dd H? qua tit yeu la, hanh trinh van hoa cua cac dan tpc luon diin qua tdnh gmo luu, hgi nhgp, tiep bien va cuoi cung la su chdt loc, kit luyen van hoa Noi each khac, hanh trang va di san van hoa cua moi quoc gia khong chi co cac gia tri vSn hoa cua dan tpc minh ma dung chua ca nhirng "bich ngpc va ma nEo" cua cac nen van hoa khac, tham chi cua ca cac nin van hoa xa xoi^ Sir giao lim, tiep xiic van hoa lu6n c6 y nghia het sfic quan trpng viec thuc day tien trinh phat triln lich sfi, sir tnrong ve y thfic dan tpc, lam phong phu them kho tang van hoa cua Nam, Ngif&i Viet Nam a Trieu Tiin va moi giao luu vdn hoa Vi4l - Trieu lich sir, H., 1977; Tran Ngpc Them, "Khoa hpc vi ky thu&t truyfin thfing vin hfia Korea", tr 225240, trong: 10 nam dao tgo vd nghien cuu Han Quoc tgi Viel A'flffi, Sdd.tr 132-147 * Jawaharlal Nehru, "Vin h6a li gl", Bdo Nhdn Ddn, sfi 2, ngiy 19-2-1987 * Hi Vin Tan, "Sir hfia hpp cac gii tri tinh thin Chau A Mpt cii nhin tir Vift Nam", trong: Den vai lich su, vdn hoa Vi4l Nam, Nxb Hpi Nha vin, H., 2005, tr 61 64 cac dfin tfic va dilu quan trpng la, qud trinh giao luu vdn hoa da gop phdn tgo dung nin nhimg gid tri van hoa chimg cho todn thi khu vuc Trong cupc song thucmg cung nhu tr6n giang duong cac trucmg dai hpc, vien nghien cfiu, cac cupc hpi thao, toa dam khoa hpc , gioi hoc gia Chau A cung nhieu nha khoa hpc quoc te timg trao doi, phan tich ve nhfing dac tinh phat trien ciia van hoa Chau A^ Chung ta dlu nhan thfic sau sic rang, viec gio gin ban sic van hoa, bao ton va phat huy cac gia tri van hoa Chau A truac khuynh huong quoc te hoa, toan ciu hoa la mpt vin de trpng yeu' Ro rang la, xu thi vd th&i dgi hi^n nay, khong co mot quoc gia ndo co the phdt trien trgng thdi bi^t lap Noi each khac, khong co mpt dan tpc nao, cpng dong cu dan hay nen van hoa nao co the cu mai tu thu minh nhfing 6c dao cfia sir hoai nghi, hilm ky van hoa Mpi thai dp tieu cue va ca su kieu ngao, tu ton thai qua nen van hoa cua dan tpc minh chi din din hau qua la su ngung tre, suy thoai xa hpi, van hoa cfia chinh quoc gia ma thoi Hoi nhgp vai the giai, phdn ddu de dgt dugc nhimg yeu cdu, chudn myrc chung Arnold Toynbee, Nghien cuu ve ljch su - Mot cdch thuc dien gidi, Nxb Thf gim, H., 2002, tr 367-372; Femand Braudel, Tim heu cdc nen vdn minh iren the gidi, Nxb Khoa hpc x i hpi, H., 2004; Phan Ngpc, Bdn sdc van hoa Vi4l Nam, Nxb van hpc, H., 2006; Trin Ngpc Thfim, Nhiing vdn di vdn hoa hgc: Ly ludn vd ung dung, Nxb Vin hfia - Vin nghf, Tp H6 Chi Minl^ 2013; Nhifiu tic gii, H0 gid trj vdn hoa Vi?l Nam doi m&i, hgi nhgp, Nxb Van hfia - Thong tin - T^p chf van hfia Nghe thuat, H., 2013 ' Ly Xuan Chung, "Vin hoa Hin Qufic thfi tifip bifin vdi vin hfia ngoai laj thdi kJ cong nghifp hfia v i hpi nh^p", trong: Dai hpc Khoa hpc x3 hpi v i nhin vin, Khoa Dfin^ phuomg hpc: Thuc day Hdn Quoc hgc a Vi^t Nam, Nxb The gidi, H., tr 241-256; Go Thu Hi, "Toin ciu hda tai Hin Qufic tir gfic nhin vin hfia", trong: 10 ndm ddo tgo vd nghien cihi Hdn Qudclgi Vifl Nam,S6d,tr 148-163 NGHIEN O k l TONG B^C A s 5(171) ^2015 Nghien cthi khoa hoc cua khu vyc vd thi gi&i Id xu thi chung ciia tdt cd cdc nen vdn hda vd vdn hoa mgt thai dgi Nho giao va Tam giao Trong tiin trinh phat triin cua lich su nhan loai, Chau A la ncri phat nguyen va hoi tu cua nhieu nen van minh lon* Chung ta co quyin tu hao vi truyin thing lau dcri, vi nhung tuu rue ro, nhung di san van hoa quy bau ma biet bao the h? da day cong sang tao va di Iji cho chung ta hom Nhung, cac thi he sau cung c&i phai va biit phat huy nhiJng di san van hoa truyin thing cdy phd he vdn hoa cua cac dan tpc Chau A, dong thcri chu dong tiep nhan, chat loc nhQng tuu moi ciia van minh nhan lo^ii di b i sung va lam phong phu hem ntia di san van hoa cua dat nuac minh ciing nhu ciia chung khu vuc TCN), Manh Tur (372-289 TCN), den Han nho, Ting nho va sau la nhiing luan thuyet Tan Khong giao cua cac triSu dai Minh (13681644), Thanh (1644-1911) Trong cac vong tiep giao, lan toa van hoa do, Viet Nam, Nhat Ban va Han Quoc deu tiip thu nhieu anh huong va gia tri ciia he tu tuong Nhung, bang nhu ciu va tam the van hoa cua dan toe minh, cac quoc gia khu vuc da tiep nhan Nho giao cimg gia tri ciia cac nSn van minh khu vuc theo nhimg duong, each thuc khac Nguoi ta van noi den mtjc nhan thiic va ca niim tin, each thirc biiu d?it vi thuyet "menh Troi' hay cac gia trj, khai niem can ban cua Nho giao nhu: Nhdn, Trung, Le, Hieu co nhieu khac biet cac xa hpi Dong A Viet ve mpt nhung diem khac biet do, hpc gia Mgt so nha nghien cuu timg cho rang, van Tran Dinh Huou timg cho rang: "Trong lich hoa truyen thong cua khu vuc Dong A, dac siJr moi nuoc, cha ong ddu viet chir Han, deu biet la van hoa khu vuc Dong Bic A, la vdn hpc kinh diin Tam giao, deu lam tho phu hoa Nho gldo^ CSc quic gia khu vuc Dong A Nhung sir khac chac chan khong phai la til Trung Quoc den Han Quoc (Triiu Tien), Tam giao - dac biet la Nho giao kinh dien, ma Nhat Ban va Vi?t Nam deu tir truyin thing la cai Nho giao, Tam giao dupc ap dung Nho giao ma di len Thvrc te, Nho giao da som thuc te To chftc gia dinh, gia toe, lang xa, nha lan toa den cac quoc gia khu vuc tir nhihig nuoc, phong tuc, tap quan, hon, tang, te of moi quan niem, triet luSn cua Khing Tir (551-479 ncri tiiy thupc vao su thich img, lira chpn, sang tao ciia timg dan tpc" ' Edward W.Said, Orientalism, Vintage Boolis - A Division of Random House, New York,1977; John K Fairbank - Edwin O.Reiscliaurer - Albert M.Craig, East Asia - Tradition and Trasformation, Harvard University Press, 1973; George Coedfe, The Indianized States ofSouttteast Asia, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 1968; Nguyin V3n Kim, "Van minh v^ de chl - Nhln lai dirfmg phdt trien cita cdc quoc gia Dong A", Tgp cfii Nghien aiu Lich sti, so 2(406), 2010, tr 3-19 ' Phan Dai Dodn, Tit lang den nuac - Mpl cdch tiep can lich sir, Nxb Dai hoc Qu6c gia Hd Noi, H., 2010, tr 285-322; Nguyin van H6ng, "Nh§n thiic vg gid trj vdn h6a Nho gido truySn th6ng Hdn Qu6c vdi xd hoi hi$n dai"; Hoa Httu Lan, "Yfiu t6 Kh5ng gido qud ttinh phdt frien kinh tg Hdn Ouoc" trong; 10 ndm ddo too vd nghien cuu Hdn Quoc tat Wf/A'om,Sdd,o- 164-176, 177-186 NGHIEN ClIU D O N Q B ^ fl S 5(171) 5-2015 Nho giao hpc, de cao nguoi co hpc va thuc te da gop phan tao nen str minh triet va thong tue cho nhieu xa hpi Dong A Mat khac, Nho giao ciing da thuc diy suphdt trien ciia xd hgi hoc tap Tuy nhien, se la sai lam neu truoc sau luon nhan manh den Nho giao nhu la dac trung van hoa chung, nhat, co y Ttdn Dinh Hui?u, "Hdn Quoc va Viet Nam - Mpt vdn dfi chung nhln tir goc Nho gido", trong; Hgi Khoa hoc Ljch Sli Viet Nam, Ngttdi Vi^ Nam a Triiu Tien vd mdi giao lint vdn hoa Viel - TnSu Ifch sii.H., 1977, tr 124 65 Nghien cAu khoa hoc nghTa bao trum len toan thi cac xa hoi ChJu A ma quen di cac gia tri van hoa rifing, tang nin cua mii dan tpc Chi rieng o vimg Dong A, ngucri Han co Shaman giao, ngudi Nhat sung Shinto giao, nguiri Viet co tuc tha Tii bat tir, cac vi to tien, cimg bao gia tri van hoa khac duoc hun due, ket luyen, ban dia hoa tien trinh lich su, lao dpng sang tao va cupc diu tranh di bao ve truyin thing van hoa va nin dpc Ijip dan tpc'' Trong cac c5ng trinh da c6ng bi, cic nha khoa hpc ViSt Nam va quic ti timg di sau phan tich cac gia tri van h6a Chau A, nhimg gia trj tang nin cua van minh khu vuc cimg nhirng dong gop 1cm lao, vuot thcri dai cua Nho giao, Dao giao, PhSt giao, Hindu giao, Hii giao viec xac djnh nhimg muc tieu, triet ly phat trien, nhiing trifit thuyet, tu tucmg ve the gioi tu nhien va quan niem nhSn sinh'^ Duoi nhttng sic mdu va diic tin ton giao, nhieu gia tri van h6a Chau A, tir mflt si trung tam, da lan toa din cac quoc gia khu vyrc Di san vo gia cua van hoa Chau A duoc the Men bang chiiu sau va tim cao ciia cac triit luan, he tu tu6ng ma thong thuong o phuang Dong la cac triet luan, tu tu6ng cua nhihig ton giao IcSn Tren thuc te, cic ton giao, hS tu tuong nhu Phat giao, Hindu giao, Hii giao va Nho giao da tao dung dupc cac thai " Phan Huy Le, "Vi^l Nam gitta hai khu vyc vdn hda Dong Nam A vd Dong A", ttxjng; H0i Khoa hoc Lich sii Vift Nam - hoi Sli hoc Han Quoc - Qu^ Nghien ciiu Ljch sii Dong Bdc A, Quan lie Vi4t l^am - Hdn Quoc Irong tich stf, Nxb The gi(>i,H.,2007,lr 159-173 ^ Lirong Ninh, "Ton gido vd xd hoi Chau A", trong; Phuong Dong ttcrp tdc vdphdt trien, Sdd, tr 86-96; Dai hgc Khoa hoc xd hpi vd nhan vdn - Trung tara Nghien ciiu t6n gido duong d^ii, Vdn hda ton gido Irong boi cdnh todn cdu hoa, Nxb Ton gido, H., 2010; Do Quang Hung, Chinh sdch ton gido vd Nhd nuac phdp quyen, Nxb D^ii hpc Qu6c gia Hd Noi, H., 2014, tr 135-146 66 dgi va Miong gign vdn hda rgng l&n, sau sac vimg trung tSm va da dang, phong phu a vilng ngoai vi Cac kh6ng gian van h6a khong phai la nhttng thi gioi bit dinh ma lu6n c6 sir chuyen djch qua thcri gian va gian no ve khong gian voi nhiiu chiiu kfch khac Chinh sir gian nd hay lan toa cita cac khong gian van h6a - t6n gido da tao nen nhihig biic kham van hoa da sic cho cac xa hpi ChSu A Trong ljch sii, vdn hoa Phgt gido, vdn hda Hindu gido, vdn hoa Hdi gido, dfiu hinh gin vdi nhiing dieu kien tu nhien, ljch sir, kinh te cimg nhimg tac nhan xa hpi khac de tao nen cac dac tnmg rieng bifit Rfl rang, mpt nfin van hoa - tfln giao phat nguyen o vimg sa mac Tay A se co nhieu diim di bifit vdi cac nen van hoa - ton giao sinh d cac vimg niii cao hay chau tho ciia cac h | thflng sflng trfin dit nudc An Dp, Trung Hoa, Ban dao Trieu Tifin, Nhat Ban, Vi?t Nam Dau v&y, vupt qua gidi han vfi khong gian va thai gian gitta cac truyin thing van hda, tfln giao dd van c6 nhifiu difim chung ma sir giao hoa ldn nhat la tinh nhan vdn, long khoan dung va tinh yeu thuong vo hgn gitta ngudi vdi nguoi Nhd nhttng phim chit uu vi?t va gia trj linh thieng ma truyin ba den cac nin van hda khac, cac tfln giao ldn ciia Chau A lufln tim dupc tiing ndi chung, sir ding cam, tieng ndi dflng dieu vdi cac nin vSn hoa, van minh khac cua khu virc va nhan loai Dfin vcii nhiing the gidi va xa h0i khac la, nhin chung cac nfin van hda va tfln giao cua Tay A, An Dp, Trung Hoa deu c6 thi mau chong tham nhap, hda than vao ddi sflng van hda ciia nhifiu dan tpc Chau A bdi tinh da nguyen vdn hoa luon la mfli trudng va cd dp dung chiia cao cho cac nhan ti mdi, yfiu ti NCHIEN Cdu DONG BflC A s 5(171) 5-2015 Nghiencitu khoa hoc ngoai sinh mim, phat triin Cung cin phai hien sau dam mgt tinh thdn hoa hgp gitta moi ndi them la, chau A dac biet la thi gidi Dong cd nhdn vdi cgng ddng, gitta ngudri vdi t}ie Nam A, timg la dia ban sinh tu cua nhiiu cpng gi&i tu nhien va moi trudng song Tu triet dflng cu dan ma tir ci xua hp da sdm cd tuc hpc phuong Dong khflng dat nguod xen canh, xen cu va nang lire thich nghi vdi thi doi difin, dii lap vdi thfi gidi tu nhifin, mfli trudng sinh thai phi tap La dja ban sang khong coi tu nhifin la dfli tuong can phai chinh tao va chuyin giao gitta cac trung tam van phuc Han the, ngudi, du la nhirng sinh hda, cac cpng ding cu dan Dong Nam A vin the khon ngoan, giau nang luc sang tao ciing cimg timg quen vdi vific tiip nhan nhifiu yiu ehi la nhung sinh linh be nho, chiu sir van tfl van hda, tfln giao, tin ngudng, he tu tudng dpng, tac dflng va chuyen bien khon cimg cua ciia khu vuc va the gidi tren nin ciia mot thi cac he sinh thai va vii tru ma thfli gidi da than Mflt each tu nhifin, nhiiu yiu ti Nghi suy v i cuflc sflng, chung ta hiiu them van hda dd da thim thiu, dem lai sinh lire phat quy luat sinh - tru - di - dift cua tu nhien va trien mdi va trd dac trung van hda cua cua mufln loai de tir dd them tin yeu ve nhirng khu virc Khflng dfli nghich va hiim ky, trai gia tri cua cupc sing; nfl luc hy sinh, cing qua mflt qua trinh tiep bifin, gan Ipc van hda, hifin cho nhiing muc tifiu cao dep ciia cuflc cu dan Chau A da tiep nhan nhung yeu tfl sflng Va cung chinh vi thfi, ma mfli ngudi ngoai sinh tiiy theo nhu cau phat trifin van hda, cung nhu cflng ding cin phai cd each thuc tam thi chinh tri va boi canh xa hpi cua dan ling Xil khoan dung, binh di, nhan han vai tpc minh cac cpng dong cu dan khac va ca vdi the gidi Vdi nhieu xa hpi Chau A, su hda luyen giiia tu nhifin neu nhu Idiflng mufln bi tu nhifin Nho - Phat - Dao duac biiu dat, khac ghi trimg phat thiit chi chinh tri, each thirc tfl chiic, Nhirng ap lire van hoa tir phuwng Tay quan ly nha nude, tinh than cfl kfit cflng dflng, Trong qua trinh phat triin lau dai, cimg vdd quan he gia dinh, y niem xa hoi, gia tri dao quan he kinh ti, bang giao gitta cac dSn tpc due, niem tin tfln giao; cac cflng trinh Chau A cung da cd nhiiu mfli giao luu van kifin tnic, tac pham nghfi thuat, sang tac van hda Su hinh cac tuyin giao thuong khu hpc cimg biit bao phong tuc, tap quan, sinh vuc va quflc te da gdp phin nii ket cac quoc hoat van hda khac'' Cac gia tri dd lufln thi gia khu vuc'"* Song song vdi ddng chay kinh te, cac ddng chay van hda, sire hap din cua cac nen van hda khac la, cac tnmg tam van " V^ hifn tU(?ng "Tam gido dfing nguyfin" lich sir vdn hoa Viet Nam, nhd nghien ciiu Nguyin Hue Chi timg viet; "Dd Id phuang thiic img xu cua ngiriri Viet, bat ky Nho sTtri thirc hay ke it hoc hdnh chi can mh cdc tdc pham cua Le Quy Don, Ngo Thi ST cung thdy rdng, dii thin dai ndo, dii Nho gido CO d§c tdn dfn dau thi Phdt gido vd Dao gido vdn ludn ludn deo dSng, l^y "Nho gido nhu mot duyen no, vita h6a gidi diroc cdch nhln cirng nhde ciia h? tir tudng Nho gido ho, vtra c6 tdc dyng nang da tdm hdn ho, gidp cho tinh cam ciia ho tre nen thdn vd cung thfm uyen chuyfn, mjm mai qua m6t thodng trim mdc sifu hlnh" Nguyin Huf Chi, "Vj hifn tuong dung hi;ip ffong van hoa Vift Nam", trong: NGHIEN Cdu OONG B^C A s 5(171) 5-2015 Nhieu tdc gia, Lich sic, su thgt vd sir hoc, T^p chi Xira va Nay - Nxb Hdng Dire, H., 2013, tr 112 Xem them Phan Thuan An, "Trilt 1^ phuang Dong frong kiln Uiic kinh Huf", ttong:/.ic/j Slf, sir thdt vd sir hoc,S3