ITi'NGnUlltllGHIlNCinil Danh gia vide tri ho gia dinh va trrfdng hoc an toan tai hai xa Da Trach va Dong Tien, huyen Khoai Chf u, tinh Hring Yen, nam 2009 Nguyfin Thanh Hi^cmg (*), Cu Thi Bich Hgnh (*») Tai ngn thuang tich (TNTT) hiin Id van de siic khoe cong cdng nghiem trgng tren todn cdu vd tgi Viit Nam TrUdc nhdng thdch thiic ldn ve TNTT, chuang trinh cgng ddng an todn (CDAT) dd bdt ddu triin khai ndm 1996 tgi Viit Nam Ndm 2006 xd Dg Trach va Ddng Tien, huyin Khodi Chdu, tinh Hung Yin da dUgc cdng nhgn Id CDAT Quoc ti Nghien cdu ndy nham ddnh gid viic tri cdc tieu chi gia dinh an todn (GDAT) cua cdc hg gia dinh (HGD) vd trudng hgc an todn ciia cdc trudng Trung hgc easd, Tiiu hgc vd Mdu gido tgi xd tren sau ndm duac cong nhdn CDAT Nghien ciiu tiin hdnh phong vdn theo b^ cdu hoi thiit kisdn vdi 248 dai diin HGD vd cugc thdo ludn nhom HGD phong vdn sdu hiiu trudng cua IrUdng tgi xd Kit qud cho thdy, ndm 2(X)9, ty le HGD dgt GDAT tai hai xd Id 87,1% Ty li ndy cao han so vdi tiiu chudn CDAT la 37% vd cao han so vdi duac cong nhdn CDAT ndm 2006 Id 9,6% Tuy nhiin vdn 7.2% HGD khong tri duac GDAT sau ndm Tuy cd mdt sd trudng chua thUc hiin tdt tren 13 ngi dung bdng kiim trudng hgc an todn cd trudng ddng trin dia bdn xd vdn tri la trUdng hgc an todn theo tiiu chuan cua Bd Y ti Cdn tiip tuc tri vd ddy manh md hinh CDAT tgi xd vd ldm mo hinh diim de chinh quyen nhdn rdng tdi cdc xd khdc cda dfa phuang Td khoa: Tai ngn thuang tich, cgng ddng an todn, gia dinh an todn, trUdng hgc an lodn, bin vdng Assessment of sustainability of household and school safety in Da Trach and Dong Tien communes, Khoai Chau district Hung Yen province - 2009 Nguyen Thanh Huong (*), Cu Thi Bich Hanh (•*) Injury is a critical public health problem in Vietnam as well as around the world To cope with injury challenges, the safety community program has been implemented in Vietnam since 1996 In 2006, Da Tap chi Y t§' Cong cong, 11.2010, So 16 (16) 25 I Ti'NG QUAN & NGHIEN cuu Trach and Dong Tien communes were recognized as Intemational safe communities This smdy aims to assess the sustainability of household and school safety indicators of those t^o communes after years having been recognized as safe community In this sntdy, 248 household representatives were interviev>ed, andfour focus group discussions with household representatives and in-depth interviews with school principals were conducted The results reveal lhat in 2009 87.1 % of households in those t\i'0 communes achieved the title afsafe households This figure is higher (37%) than the standard required for safe community and higher (9,6%) than that in 2006 However, there are still 7.2% of households which could not sustain as safe household after years Even though few schools could not fulfill out gf 13 requirements of safety school in the checklist, all schools in those two communes sustain as safe schools according to Ministry of Health staruiards These outcomes arul safety models should be maintained and reinforced in those two communes and should be used as good examples for expansion ofthe program to other communes in this area Key words: Injury, safety community, safety household, safety school, sustainability Tdc gia: (*) TS Nguygn Thanh Htfdng: Trtfflng Dai hoc Y tfi cfing cong Dja chi: 138 Giang V6 - Ba Dinh - Ha Noi E.mail: nth@hsph.edu.vn (•*) ThS Cll Thi Bich Hanh: Tnmg tam y tfi dtf phftng tinh Phd Tho D^t vfn dd Tai nan ihtfdng lich (TNTT) hien ll vfn de stfc khde cdng cpng nghiem trpng d khip mpi ndi trfin Ihd gidi vdi sdttf vong tfdc tinb ngly cing ling va li mpl ttong nhflng nguyfin nhin hang diu eua ginh ning bfinh tit loin eau [5] Vifil Nam ttong 10 nim gan day, TNTT ngly mpl gia ting vl la mpl Irong nhtfng nguyfin nhan hing diu gay tiJ vong lai eic bfinh vifin [4] Theo Ihdng kfi uJ vong TNTT cua Cue Y le dtf phdng vl Mdi irtfdng Vifit Nam nim 2007, ly le ttf vong TNTT ttfin loin qudc nim 2006 chifi'm 11,8% ttong long sdchdt [2] Trtfdc nhffng ihich thtfc ldn ve TNTT, chtfdng ttinh cpng ddng an toin (CDAT) vl phdng chdng TNTT da bfl diu trifi'n khai d cpng ddng ciia ngoai d Thinh phd Hi Npi n5m 1996 dtfdi stf ho trd cua id chtfc Phil ttidn (Juoc Te Thuy Dien CDAT Viel Nam dtfdc xiy dtfng tten cd sd xay dtfng cic gia dinh an loan (GDAT) trtfdng hoc an loin (THAT) Tifiu chufn cpng ddng an loan Viel Nam dtfdc dinh 26 Tap chi Y tfi Cong cpng, 11.2010, Sfi 16 (16) gii dtfa Iheo quyei dinh sd 170/QD-BYT ngiy 17/1/2006 cua Bd trtfdng Bd Y tdve vific ban hlnh htfdng din XDCDAT, phdng ehdng TNTT [IJ, Nam 1997, huyen Khoii Chau, tinh Hrfng Yfin 11 mpt ttong nhffng ddn vi drfdc ttidn khai ehtfdng trinh phdng chdng TNTT xay dtfng cpng ddng an loan Den thing nam 2006 xa Da Trach va Ddng Tien, huyfin Khoii Chiu da drfdc cdng nhan li CDAT Qud'c id Nim 2006, xa Da ttach cd 976/1221 GHD (75%) dat Ufiu chufn GDAT; xa Ddng Tidn cd 877/1096 HGD (80%) dat tieu chufn GDAT Theo so" Ufiu bio eio, ttf nim 2006 den 2009, tan sd mac TNTT tai hai xa cd xu htfdng giam, cic nguy cd gay TNTT tai hai xa dtfdc ban ehe Mac dtf viy, theo sd lieu ve tinh hinh TNTT ttong ba nam gan day cua Phdng Y te huyfin vi sd lifiu phan tich so ttf vong A6 eua 25 xi tren toin huyfin nim 2008, TNTT 11 nguyfin nhan dtfng thtf hai eua ttf vong tten loan huyfin [6] Sau nim dtfdc cdng nh^n CDAT Qudc id, cic ITflNGQUAN&NGHllNC^I HGD dtfdc cdng nhan GDAT cd edn tri dtfdc hay khong? Cac trtfdng hoc dtf^c eong nhan trtfdng hpe an toln ed cdn giff vflbg danh hifiu dd bay khong? De tta ldi cie eau hdi ttfin, nghifin cdU drfdc tifi'n hlnh nham muctifiusau: (l)Danh gia viec tti eac tieu chi GDATcua cic hp gia dinh tai xa Da Trach vi Dong Tie'n, huy?n Khoii Chiu, tinh Hifiig Yfin, nim 2009; (2) Dinh gii vific tri trrfdng hpe an loan cua cie tttfdng Tmng hpe ed sd, Tieu bpe va trtfdng Man giio lai xa nghifin ctfu Phi^cfng phap nghifin ciiu 2.1 Thie't ke nghien cdu Nghien ct?u md la eat ngang, kdl hdp nghien etfu dinh tinh vi dinh Irfdng cd so sinh kdl qua vdi sd^ Ufiu ciia nam 2006 2.2 Bdi tU0ig nghien cdu - Chu HGD ttfin dia ban hai xa nghifin ctfu - Cic trrfdng bpe ddng tten dia ban hai xa nghifin etfu Dtf trii 10% dd'i Irfdng khdng tbam gia nghien etfu ed: n = 248 Mdi xa chpn 124 HGD iham gia nghifin ctfu Chpn HGD theo pbtfdng phap ngau nhien he thdng, Chpn ttrfdng: Chpn toin bd Irtfdng (THCS, Tieu bpe, Mau giao) ddng Iren dia ban hai xa Nghiin cihi dinh tinh Chon mlu cd chd dinh "Phdng vi'n sau (PVS): 06 Hifiu trrfdng cua ttrfdng THCS, Tie'u hpe, Mlu giao ddng ttfin dia ban hai xa "Thao luan nhdm (TLN): cupc Sau da cd ket qua quan sat HGD theo bang kie^m GDAT, ehdng tdi chon moi xa 16 HGD chia iam hai nhdm tham gia cupc TLN Tifiu chufn chpn HGD va ngtfdi Iham gia TLN nhtf sau: • Nhdm I: chon HGD dat GDAT (ttong dd ed hp nam 2006 dat GDAT, nam 2009 cung dat GDAT; hp nim 2006 khdng dai GDAT, nim 2009 dat GDAT) J Nhdm 2: chon HGD khdng dai GDAT (trong - Hifiu ttrfdng trrfdng Tie'u hpe % a THCS, Mau dd hp nim 2006 dat GDAT nam 2009 khdng dat giio ddng tten dia ban bai xa, GDAT; HGD ca nam 2006 va 2009 deu khdng dai GDAT) 2.3 Thdi gian vd dja diem nghien cthi • Tifiu chuan ehpn ngtfdi tham gia TLN: Sau kbi Ttf tiling 3/2009 den thing 9/2009, Iai hai xa chpn xong HGD, chung ldi mdi mdi HGD mot ngrfdi Ddng Tie'n va Da Traeh, huyen Khoii Chau, tinh dai dien ll cbu ho hoae ngtfdi tttfdng ihlnb ttf 18 Htfng Yen moi ttd len tham gia TLN 2.4 Cdc chi s6 ddnh gid 2.6 PhUdngphdp thu thqp sdlieu Cic chi sd'dinh gia drfa theo Quyfi'l dinh hrfdng Nghien cdu dinh luong din XDCDAT, phong ch^ng TNTT cua Bp Y le" Dieu tta vifin tien hanh phdng van ehu bp tbeo [1] bp cau hdi thidt kfi'sin va quan sil HGD thdng qua 2.5 Mdu vd phiidng phdp chgn mdu bang kiem Vdi cac trtfdng bpe, stf dung bang kiem tttfdng hpe an loan thdng qua quan sit ngdi Irtfdng Nghien cdu dfnh lUOng va dd'i ctiifi'u cic sdlifiu ve phdng chd'ng TNTT cua Chpn hp gia dlnh: Ap dung eong thtfe linb cd nhl trtfdng Bang kiem ttrfdng hpe an loan Bp y man eho I ty lfi ta cd: id ban hanh nim 2006, "= J^ Trong do: n:cdmlu.Zi-a/2 = 1,96 (He so"tincfy d mtfc xie sufl 95%); p = 0,75 (rfdc tinh ty le gia dinh dat tifiu chufn GDAT); d = 0.08 (Dp chinh xae mong mudn) Nghiin ciiu dinh tinh Cdng eti thu Ihip Ii ban hrfdng din PVS; cac cudc PVS vl TLN deu dtfdc ghi chep vl cd ghi am, chup anb vdi stf eho phep eua DTNC 2.7 Phuang phdp phdn tichsdliiu Sd Ufiu dinh Irfdng Sd'lifiu sau kbi tbu thap da drfdc ma hoa, lam sach So' Ufiu drfdc nhap va phan tich bang pban Tap chi Y te Cong cdng, 11.2010, So' 16 (16) 27 TII'NG QUAN & NGHIEN ciru I mem SPSS 15.0 Sdlieu dinh tinb Cic cudc PVS, TLN dtfdc gd bing va ghi chfip lai sau dd doc va pban tich sd Ufiu theo cbu de Kdt qua nghidn cihi 3.1 Kit qud tri GBA T cua cdc HGD tqi hai xd 3.2.1 Thong tin chung vi chu HGD vd cdc HGD tham gia nghiin cdu Ty Ifi nam tham gia vio nghifin ctfu cao gfp lan so vdi nff gidi d ca hai xa Tudi trung binh cua cic ddi Itfdng tbam gia ngbien ctfu li 54 d xa Da Trach va 55 d xa Ddng Tidn Cic ddi trfdng chu ydu 11 dan tpc Kinh (99%) Trinh dp hoc vfn cda ddi trfdng nghien ctfu trfdng dd'i cao, iren 60% sd ngrfdi Iham gia nghifin ctfu cd trinh dp ttf THCS ttd Ifin, Nghe nghifip cae cbu hp chu ydu 11 nghe ndng, xa Da Trach chidm tren 807c xa Ddng Tidn ly le thap hdn (69%) Gan 90% sd HGD lai hai xa tham gia ngbien ctfucd thu nhip binh quan trfin 200.000d/ngtfdi/thing Trong sdcac hp tbam gia nghifin ctfu cd tren 70% sdhp tai xa D? Trach vi trfin 80% sd HGD lai xa Dong Tien dtfdc cdng nhan li GDAT nim 2006 Chi cd 2% HGD mdi dtfde thinh lap sau nim 2006 d ea hai xa tham gia nghifin ctfu 3.2.2 Kit qud tri GDAT 3.2.2.1 Kdl qua dinh gii HGD tbeo bang kifi'm: Bang md la chi tidi kdl qua dinh gii HGD theo bang kiem GDAT Vific thrfc hifin eac npi dung an loan ttong sinh hoat, vdi ndi dung cd che chin cac day cu roa cua miy xay sat dai ly lfi ldi da, npi dung cd phrfdng tien bao hd ttong qui trinh phun thudc bao vfi thrfc vat van tri dtfdc ty le nhrf drfdc cdng nhan CDAT (95%) nhiftig ndi dung cd tu thudc gia dinh, thudc cd ghi nhan ddttongtu khda vl dil ngoli tam lay eua tte, cd du phrfdng tifin de sd cfp ctfu cic trrfdng hdp thdng thtfdng thi dat rft ihfp 46% d xa Da Trach va 62% d xa Dong Tidn Thdng qua TLN dtfi;lc bifil day la mpl ttong nhflng ndi dung ml cac HGD chtfa chd J thtfc hien vi cung la mpl sd cac nguyfin nhan llm cho cic HGD kbdng dat drfdc GDAT "Chung loi biel thudc men ke ca Ihude bfinh thudc bd deu phai dd d tu thudc ttfin cao nio dQng mdi ify, the nhtfng me cac chiu mang vd 28 Tap chi Y tfi Cong cong, 11.2010, Sfi 16 (16) ctf de d bin khdng cat " (TLN khdng dat GDAT) Ve ihrfc hifin ndi dung an toln cho tte em thi cd 8/9 ndi dung eic HGD d ca hai xa thrfc hifin tdi, dai ttfin 90% Tuy nhifin, vdi ndi dung cd hpp dtfng phich nrfdc ndng, dd dtfng dd ndng, diem bai Ida de xa tam vdi eda tre Irung binh thi ea hai xa ehi dat 66,9 (Da Trach li 58%, Ddng Tien li 75%), Ve viec thrfc hifin cac npi dung an loan eho ngrfdi gil, an loan giao thdng, cac HGD ddu dat tJ I§ cao trfin 90% Bidu dd md ti ty lfi HGD dai CS>AT nim 2009 tai bai xa vl so sinh vdi so' Ufiu cua nam 2006 (ihu thap qua sdUfiu thtf cfp) dtfdc eong nhin CDAT de cd Ibe so sanh stJ Ihay ddi sau nam IN3m2006 I Nam 2009 Biiu dil.Tyli HGD dat tieu chudn GDATcuahai xd nghiin cdu ndm 2006 vd 2009 Nam 2009, ty lfi HGD ciia ca hai xa dat tifiu chuan GDAT la 87% Trong dd ty lfi HGD dat tifiii chuan GDAT cua xa Da Traeh nim 2009 eao hdn ly lfi HCSD dat tieu chufn GDAT nam 2006 dtfdc edng nhgn CDAT ll 10,5%; ij lfi lai xa Ddng Tidn cijng tang gan 9% so vdi nim 2006 3.2 2.2 TS le HGD tri tiiu chudn GDAT Nam 2006, trtfdc cong nhfn CDAT, 100% HGD lai hai xa dtfdc dinh gia thtfc bifin eletifiucM GDAT theo bang kiem GDAT, hifin danh sich HGD dat GDAT nam 2006 vin dtfdc Irfu tai Tram Y id hai xa Trong nghifin ctfU thong tin xie dinh cic HGD dat tieu chuan GDAT nim 2006 Iham gia nghien ctfu dtfdc ket hdp giffa sd lifiu tiitf cfp vi phdng vfn ehu HGD Ke'l qua gifla sd Iifiu Ihtf cap va sd cfp trtfng nhau: Trong sd 248 HGD tham gia nghien ctfu thi cd 48 HGD nim 2006 khdng dat GDAT, HGD 11 mdi drfdc tich bd sau nim 2006 va 195 HGD dat GDAT nam 2006 (Bang 2) |Ttt'N6QI»N&N6H(lNCUU| Bang Kit qud quan sdt HGD theo bdng Idem GDAT filji dong kifm dinh ddnh gid a Dg Trach O&nt Tifn Dat ChUadal Dal ChUa dai CS) n (») n (-J) a r„ An toan troi^ sinh ho^l d phich cfm difn an lokD dai ogoai lam vdl cua irc l!3 yi,i 8.9 117 94,4 lOioiig trt day ditn hS 122 98.4 1.6 122 9S.4 1.6 ' He tbong dien c6 clu dao dam hao aa lo^n 115 92.7 7.3 IIS 95.2 4.8 Khong dOng dien dfi" dinh bSy chuot, lii hfl d6 dien khong can ihiel 11 5,6 116 93,5 6.5 120 96.8 3.2 S C& binh d ^ g dSy dan xing dan ga uxy phai kin de n sAhg van htia tinh m^nh Ilnh hinh TNTT 31 Khonc crt TNTT xfy talalgia dinh gfy ehft ngUfli hay bl ihudng nang pbai nam vifn 32 GU dlnh khfing crt ngUdi gfy iai nan, thUdng ticb cho ngitdi khf c lai gia dinh bay cfing dSng Tap cM Y ts' Cong cong, 11.2010, So 16 (16) 29 I T6Ne QUAN & NGHIEN CUU I Bang Ty If cdc HGD dgt lieu chudn GDAT cd hai ndm 2006 vd 2009 PhinkKi Ouy Iri GDAT 1:4 nam KhBng liuy W TtCns Xa D$ T r ^ c h 1,6 9» 94.0 D.T™ch Ttfng XiD^Tifii Bdng Mdi liin guan gida dgt tieu chudn GDAT vd thu nhdp cua HGD 181 Tbu dbgp UGB « » • 92.a g M 60 14 72 95 IOO IM ISO 19s 300 Tren 90% sd HGD dat GDAT ca nam 2006 va nam 2009 Ket qua cho thay tCf di^dc cong nhan GDAT cho den nay, cac HGD tai hai GDAT vin ti^p tuc thiJc hien t^t theo bang kiem GDAT Dilu th^ hi^n rat ro qua kel qua TLN: viSc thi^c hien cic noi dung bang kiem GDAT xuat phat tff tinh tiJf giic de bao ve minh va gia dinh trinh khoi TNTT ddng thdi Iuon dtfdc sd nhae nhd ki^m tra don do'c thilftng xuyen cua Ban chi dao phong chohg TNTT xa: "Nam 2006 moi gia dinh dtfdc cap mot Bang tieu chuan GDAT da ep mica, gia dinh chung t6i d^ nhffng ndi d6 quan sal de thtfc hi6n vl nit kinh nghidm dtfa theo cic neii dung thtfc hiSn an loan Ke't hdp vdi loa dii ciia xa thing nio cQng phit ve phong chong TNTT, ke ca cic cu^c hgp cic cu cao tu^i, phu nff va hop thon mgt thing hpp mOt lan irtfdng th6n, phu nff deu nhae nhd thtfc hien phong ch6'ng TNTT" (TLN HGD dat GDAT) s£agTiEii Kbtagi].! B., Dat Khoog IK • ' • • » ' N,.» IJ |]J i ns Kbong nEhTO M gtL7 u 712 J .TJ 10 21 Tong » 100 „ 1C« 110 100 M 100 / F X^=2J.OR.0,S;P>O,0S 127 2S,6- r , ; O R 0,2, PsO.OS 3.2 Kit qud tri trUdng hgc an todn Nam 2006, chtfdng trinh phdng chong TNTT /XDCDAT - Bg Y td' da sff dung bang kid'm dinh trtfdng hoe an toan eua Bg y te' (13 ndi dung) tham dinh edng nhan trtfdng hoc an toin tai hai xa Thing 8/2007, Bp Giio due va Dao tao da ban hanh bang kiem trtfdng hgc an toan eho cic trtfdng THCS (31 npi dung) va trtfdng Tieu hoc (28 ngi dung) Trong nghien cffu n&y de thuan ldi cho viec danh gii tri cic trtfdng hgc dat trtfdng hgc an toin tai xa nghien effli sau nam vi tranh stf sai Idch kd"! qua giffa bang kiem danh gii trtfdng hgc an toan ehung tdi sff dung bang kiem cua Bp Y te Ve viec thtfc hien cic npi dung bang ki^m trtfdng hgc an toin cd 10/13 npi dung cic trtfdng thtfc hien td't, song cd ndi dung (Cd mang Itfdi phdng chd'ng TNTT, bao Itfc hoc dtfdng, xSy dtfng nhi trtfdng an toan; Trtfdng phai cd hang rio che chan vi cd ngtfdi bao v$ quan Iy cic em trinh dtfdng phdng TNGT; Ndi luyen tap thS due, the thao phai dam bao an toin) ia chtfa thtfe hidn dtfdc day du Cd 1/6 trtfdng ciia ca hai xa ehffa dam bao ve rio che chan quanh trtfdng hgc, 4/6 tru'dng hgc chtfa dat dtfdc ndi dung sd* cua bang ki^m (chtfa cd can bp y te' hgc dtfdng) va 1/6 trtfdng chtfa dat ve ndi luydn tap the due the thao Ty 1? HGD khong tri dtfdc GDAT chiem 7,2%, Trong so'8 hO khong tri dtfdc tigu chuan GDAT tham gia thao luan nhdm co tdi HGD de xay TNGT, mpl HGD di xay tiJ vong du6i ntfde eho tie em Ke't qua cugc TLN eie HGD kh6ng dat GDAT tai hai xa cho tha'y c6 mot s6 nhiTng }•$ khich quan Iam anh htfdng den vi$c tri GDAT: "Con nhi l6i c6 bang lii r6i, xe thi mdi mua, mgt hom chiu nd chd ba cu di chdi de'n doa,n dtfdng xau da't Id bi xe, ngtfdi thi khong lam nhutig cang chan cu bi bong 6'ng xa, bong De tim hieu ve nguyen nhan din den eic ngi sau qua bi nhiem triing nen ba cu phai vao vi^n nam dung chtfa thtfe hien tot, chdng tdi da PVS Hidu dieu tri, tinh den khoi han la ma^t mpt thing" trtfdng cua cae trtfdng va dtfdc bie't qu^ Uinh (TLN HGD khong dat GDAT) Hoac cung cd nhftig ngtfcli chtfa nam dtfdc luat an toan giao thong, xay dtfng trtfdng hoc an toin, cic trtfdng cdn gap nhidu khd khin, rat can dtfdc stf bo trd, ung hg eua mdi biet di xe chtfa cd bang lii da siJ dung mo to cae ban nginh doan the dia phtfdng ciJng phoi tham gia giao thong vay lam anh htfdng tdi ngtfdi hdp thtfc hien, dae bidt la stf h6 trd ve kinh phi va Cling tham gia giao thdng nhan Itfe thi eong tic phong chdng TNTT/xay dtfng Ke't qua phan tieh cho thay khdng cd mo'i lien trtfdng hpe an toan mdi dat dtfdc hieu qua cao: quan giffa thu nhap HGD ngheo vdi vi#c dat tieu "Phdng Y te hgc dtfdng hidn cdn thid'u, chtfa cd chuan GDAT (Bang 3) can bg chuydn trich y te'hgc dtfdng, giio vien phai 30 Tap chi Y te Cong cong, 11.2010, S6' 16 (16) ITDNS QUAN & NGHIEN COU! trtfc tiep sd effu vi dffa hgc sinb d^n tram y id" Md hinh trtfc quan phdng chdng TNTT ciia trffdng ngheo nin, " (Hi$u trtfdng trffdng Tieu hoc 1) Tuy cd mpt sdndi dung bang ki^m cac trffdng ehffa thtfe hidn tdt nhiftig tJ le cic Irffdng tai hai xa dat trffdng hoc an toin la 100% theo tieu ehuan dinh gia ciia Bg Y te Cic hoat dgng phdng chdng TNTT xly dtfng trrfdng hoc an toin da dtfde dffa vio quy chd ctia nhi trtfdng Ban lu|in 4.1 Kit qud ddnh gid viic tri gia dinh an todn Nam 2009, ly te HGD dat GDAT lai hai xa li 87,1% Ty le niy cao hdn so vdi tieu ehuan CDAT li 37% vi cao hdn so vdi dtfdc eong nhan CDAT nim 2006 la 9,6% Cd drfdc kdt qua nhff vay li hi^n BCD phong chdng TNTT van tn cic hoat dgng, eong tac tuydn truyen phdng chdng TNTT vin thffc hign, die bi$t la BCD van thtfdng xuydn kiem tra nh^c nhd cic HGD thtfc hidn theo bang kiem GDAT Qua nghien cffu dinh linh cung cho thay cd mdt stf anh hrfdng dang ke tff eie HGD dat GDAT tie ddng tdi cic HGD khac irong cdng ddng Chinh vi v§y mi ty le HGD dat GDAT nam 2009 khong nhffng vin giff dffde ma cao hdn ty 1§ GDAT nim 2006 Dd chinh li tinh ben vffng cua chffdng trinh phdng chdng TNTT/XDCDAT tai hai xa can dtfde lid'p tue phil huy hdn nffa Day la md hinh GDAT dien hinh c6 the cho cic dia phtfdng khic tham quan hoc tap d^ trien khai cdng tic phdng chdng TNTT/XDCDAT Vdi ty le 92,8% HGD Iri GDAT giffa ddt dieu tra da cho thay cic hoat ddng phdng chdng TNTT lai HGD da trd thinh ne nep, di vao eupe sdng hang ngiy ciia HGD HGD ludn xac dinh an loan la cho minh, cho gia dlnh vi v^y mi hg nghiem chinh chap hinh eie quy dinh, htfdng dan phdng chd'ng TNTT Do dd, de' gdp phan giam Ihid'u TNTT nang cao sffc khde cgng ddng, BCD nen tranh thii ngudn Itfc tai chd dd la van dgng sff tham gia ciia cac HGD nham tri va nhan rgng md hinh GDAT Trong sdcic HGD nim 2006 khdng dat GDAT tham gia nghidn crfu da cd 66% HGD dat GDAT vio nim 2009 Dieu dd ehffng to chtfdng trinh phdng chdng TNTT/XDCDAT lai hai xa da cd stfe lan toa nhai dinh Tuy nhien vin cdn 7,2% HGD khong tri dtfde GDAT sau nam Co the cd ly chinh dan den he qua niy: thff nhat thii dd chii quan tff phia ngtfdi din nen ehffa lam tot viec Ioai bd cic nguy cd tai hd gia dinh; thff li he thdng dtfdng cua xi xudng cap khong dam bao an toin cho ngffdi tham gia giao thdng, hg thd'ng ao hd, mffdng mang gan hp gia dinh nhiAig chffa cd rio chan nen d§ gay tai nan cho ngtfdi dan die bigt la tre em Qua tham khao nhieu bio cao vd phdng chdng TNTT cho thay cd stf khac rd net ve mrfc dd TNTT giffa eae nffdc phat tri^n va cic nffdc dang phat tri^n, ty lg tff vong thffdng lich cae nffdc cd thu nh^p tha'p vi trung binh eao hdn d cae nrfdc phat trien [2] Ben canh dd kg't qua TLN ciia nghien cffu niy ciing cho tha'y ddi vdi eic gia dinh ed dieu kien kinh tdkhi thi vigc thtfc hien cic tieu chi ciia GDAT thuin Idi hdn so vdi cic HGD ed kinh te'khd khan Tuy nhien, nghien effu niy chtfa tim tha'y mdi lign quan giffa thu nhip vdi viee dat hay khdng dat GDAT Cd le ed mlu chtfa du ldn vi/hoac vide dinh gii mffe thu nhip thong qua phong van chffa phan inh dung thrfc le Cac nghien cffu sau can Iffu y nhiTng van de 4.2 Kit qud ve tri trUdng h^c an todn Tit ca cac trtfdng (6/6 trtfdng) thtfc hien tdt 10/13 npi dung bang kiem trtfdng hgc an loan Mac du v|y vin cd 4/6 trtfdng hgc chtfa cd can bp y tdhpe dtfdng, phdng y td'hgc dtfdng Cung chinh vi chtfa cd cin bd y td hgc dtfdng mi trrfdng niy chffa dat yeu eau ve tieu chi sd3 So sinh vdi nam 2006, 6/6 trrfdng hpe tren dia bin hai xa vin tri drfdc danh higu trrfdng hgc an toan Cd drfdc kdt qua nhtf vgy Ii stf nd Itfc ciia BCD nhi trtfdng, stf phdi hdp eiia BCD xa, mang Itfdi phdng chd'ng TNTT tai cac nha trtfdng vin tidp tuc tri hoat dgng Chtfdng trinh giio due an toan giao thdng, phdng chd'ng cic te nan xa hpi da dffde dac biet ehu trgng giio due ciia nha irffdng, cho ddn 100% hgc sinh trffdng dffde hoc kid'n thrfc ve phdng chdng TNTT Hoat dpng truyen thong dffde id ehffc dffdi nhidu hinh thrfc: tuyen truyen trffe tidp cic budi chao cd, cac tidt hgc ldp Hang nam nhi trffdng cdn td ehffc thi lim hieu an toin giao thdng eho hgc sinh dffdi hinh thffc cic lieu ph£m Hoat dgng kid'm tra, khic phue cic nguy cd cd the xay trrfdng hpe nhrf an toan dien, phdng tranh nga, v§l s^c nhpn gay TNTT cho hpe sinh dtfdc BCD phdng chdng TNTT cae Tap chi Y ti Cdng cdng, 11.2010, Sd 16 (16) 31 TONE QUAN & NGHIIN cuii trtfdng Ihtfdng xuyen thffc hien; tri lich giao ban cung nhff lich sd k e u tdng ket Chiing ldi cho rang dd l i nhffbg md hinh trffdng hoc an l o i n can dffde p h i l huy v i n h i n rgng Tuy nhien thdi gian tdi, BCD xa can chff ^ t i n g effdng bdn nffa c i c boat ddng giam nguy cd gay TNTT tai dia phffdng, irffdc m a t can t i p tnmg v i o cai thien he tbdng dffdng lam r a o chin quanh c i c ao cdng cpng, t i e p tuc huy dpng srf tham gia Clia cdng ddng v i trt iruyen thdng giao due ve phdng chdng T N T T Didu s e giup tidp tuc tri v i d^y manh md hinh C D A T tai xa v i l i m md hinh diem d^ chinh quyen nhan rdng tdi cac xa khac cua dia phrfdng Tai li^u Itiam khao B? Y li (2006) Quy^i dmh so 170/QD-BYT ngky 17/1 /2006 cua Bo TnTt^ng BtS Y l^ Vc vi^c ban hinh Hirdng din Xay di/ng Cpng d^ng an loitn phdng chdng Ui nan thiTcing lich t e Ngoc Trong (2006) ChiTdng trinh phong chdng lai nan thiTcIng tich, \&y dtfng cOng dSng an loan d Viet Nam, Bio cio toin van tai H^i nghi khoa hoc Qudc ieph6ng chong tai nan thifdng tich xay dtfng c6ng dSng an loan, nSm 2006 Cue Y i^ dtf ph6ng Vi?i Nam (2007) Th6hg ke tH vong Ui nan Iht/ctng iich 2005 - 2006 Nguven Thi Hfing Tii (2006), Sach htfdng din thi/c hinh xiy dtfng c6ng ddng an loan phong chdng tai nan thifdng tich Ha Ngi 2006 Liru Hok'i Chuan vi c^ng sir (2002) Tinh hinh lai nan thirdng tich d Vi$i Njm, cJc giai phap phong chong, NXB Y hoc Ph6ng y ifi'huy^n Khodi Chau (2006 - 2007 - 2008), Bao cao tinh hinh tai nan ihtfdng lich, nSm 2006.2007,2008 32 Tap chi Y te Cong cdng, 11.2010, Sd 16 (16) ... dia ban bai xa, GDAT; HGD ca nam 2006 va 2009 deu khdng dai GDAT) 2.3 Thdi gian vd dja diem nghien cthi • Tifiu chuan ehpn ngtfdi tham gia TLN: Sau kbi Ttf tiling 3 /2009 den thing 9 /2009, Iai hai. .. nhan ph6ng chSng ngp dOc Hoa chSl Ihu6c Bao vf thuc vfii phai crt nhaa han siT dung, cdch bao quan An totin cho tre em ISI Rio chf n an toin quanh bfp nSu d^trfn san nhi neuco nhi b ^ ihi phai... hgc an toin tai xa nghien effli sau nam vi tranh stf sai Idch kd"! qua giffa bang kiem danh gii trtfdng hgc an toan ehung tdi sff dung bang kiem cua Bp Y te Ve viec thtfc hien cic npi dung bang