An sinh xa hoi o* Viet Nam sau 30 nam doi moi Nguyen Van Tuan' Tom tat: Dudi su Ianh dao cua Dang, sau 30 nam ddi mdi dit nudc (1986 - 2016), Viet Nam da co nhieu chu truong, chfnh sach nhSm diy manh vi^c thuc hien chinh sach an sinh xa hpi (ASXH) cho ngucri dan Nhung tuu dat dugfc tren tat ca cac tru cpt CO ban ciia ASXH (xoa doi, giam ngheo; bao hiem xa hpi, bao hilm y t6; giai quyet viec tam; chfnh sach ngucri cd cong; ) da gdp phiin thuc hien thing lgi muc tieu: dan giau, nudc manh, xa hpi dan chu, cong bJng, van minh Trong bai vili, tac gia di sau phan tfch quan diem ciia Dang, Nha nudc, tuu, han che, tu dua mot so khuyen nghi nhim ddy manh viec thuc hien chfnh sach ASXH d Viet Nam thai gian tdi TiJ- khoa: An sinh xa hoi; chfnh sach an sinh xa hpi; d6i mdi; kinh nghiem; Viet Nam Md" d^u Sau 30 nam doi mdi, Viet Nam da dat dugc nhiau tuu quan trong qua trinh bao dam an sinh xa hoi (ASXH) cho ngucri dan, gdp phin thuc hien thing lgi muc tieu: dan giSu, nudc manh, xa hgi dan chli, cong bang, van minh Bai viet phan tfch quan dilm cua Dang va Nha nugc ve ASXH, tuu va han che th\ic hi?n ASXH Viet Nam 30 nSm doi mdi Quan diem cua Dang va chi'nh sach cua Nha nirac ve ASXH Nhan thiic dugc tarn quan trgng ciia ASXH doi vcri su phat triln ben vung ciia dat nudc, 30 nam d6i mgi, Dang, Nha nudc tirng budc xay dung, hoan thi?n h? thdng chinh sach ASXH cang hieu qua, phu hgp vdi thuc tien phat Iriln dit nudc va hoi nhap quoc te Dai hgi VI cita Dang (1986) xac dinh thuc hien chfnh sach ASXH vira la muc tieu, vira la dpng luc cua sir phat triln nhim phat huy nguon nhSn lire cho qua trinh dli mdi va tien hanh cdng si^ nghi?p cong nghi?p hda, hi?n dai hda (CNH, HDH) dat nudc Vi?c thuc hi?n tdt chi'nh sach ASXH se \k tien de quan trgng cho s\r on dinh kinh te, chi'nh tri - xa hgi, gdp phin Cling CO nhung qua ddi mgi kinh te, doi mgi chfnh tri, dap ijrng nhu ciu, nguyen vong chfnh dang, thucmg xuyen ciia nhan dan, tao ldng tin cua nhan dan ddi vdi su nghiap ddi mdi [3] Dai hpi Dang Vn (1991) va Dai hgi Dang v m (1996) khSng djnh viec thirc hi?n tot chinh s^ch ASXH la vi ngugi v^ 1^ dgng luc cua sir phat triln kinh tl - xa hgi Muc tieu dam bao ASXH phai thdng nhil "tien sT, Tnrong E)ai hpc Khoa hpc Xa hpi vS Nhan van D4 hoc Quoc ga Tp H6 Chf Minh, BT: 0914800071, Email nguyefi[uanjthiiv@gniail,com Nguyen Van Tuan vol nhiem vii phat triSn kinh ti - xa hgi va deu nham phat huy siic manh nhan t6 nguoi, phuc vu nguoi, d6i moi phai gJn veil phat Irien ben vung, nang cao moi mat doi song cho nh§n dan tam nhin chien lugc nhim phat triin bin vung cho ik nudc, sinh ke lau bin cho nhan dan Dong then, day ciing la co sa quan tipng de chi'nh quyin cac dia phuong thuc hien then khai, van dung sang tao thuc hian chinh sach ASXH Dai hoi K (2001) chti truong: 'Timg buoc mo rpng vting chSc he th6ng bao hi6m Trong giai quyet viec lam (GQVL) cho xa hoi va an sinh xa hoi" [3] Dai hpi X ngudi lao dong, Chfnh phu va cac bp, (2006) chti trtrong: "Xay dmg he thong nganh da da nhiiu chfnh sach, chutmg ASXH da dang; phat IriSn manh he thi5ng trinh phat triin kinh ti - xa hpi cd tac dgng BHXH, bao hiSm y ti (BHYT), tiSn ttii true tiep din vice tao va GQVL cho ngudi BHYT loan dan Da dang hda cac loai hinh Cliii tro xa hoi, tao viec lam, iky manh xujt lao dong nhu: Quyit dmh s6 176/QDkhau lao dong, hutjng ttJi xuit khiu lao HDBT ciia Hpi dpng Bp tmdng (nay la dpng ttinh dp cac Tigp tue d6i moi chfnh Chfnh phli) ve ti chiic s5p xip lai lao dpng iach liSn luong, chfnh sach phan ph6i thu liong khu vuc nha nudc; Quyit dinh si 120/QD-HDBT cua Hpi ding Bp tnidng vi nhap" [3], lap Quy quic gia GQVL; Quyit djnh Dai hpi XI (2011) nhSn manh: 'Thuc si 327/QD-HDBT cua Hpi ding Bp tnidng hien cd hieu qua tiin bp va cong bing xa vi phli xanh dat tiong, dii ntii tipc; Chuong hpi, dam bao ASXH timg budc va trinh GQVL ciia cac Id chiic doan thi; Nghj timg chfnh sach phat trien" [2, XI (2011) dinh so 370/HDBT vi Quy chi dua lao tr.227) dpng Viet Nam di lam viec cd thdi han d nudc ngoai; GQVL thong qua chuong trtnh Tai Dai hgi Xn, Bp tnicmg Bg Lao dgng vien lip nhan dao ciia cac nudc; Quyet dinh - Thiiong binh va Xa hpi Pham Thj Hai Chuyen nhan djnh: bao dam an sinh xa hgi si 54/2012/QD-TTg 04 thang 12 nam 14 chu tniong nhSl quan va xuyen suot ciia 2012 vc viec cho vay vin phat triin san Dang qua trinh lanh dao ik nudc, la xuat doi vdi ding bao dan tgc thiiu si dac chfnh sich co ban da giam ngheo, bao dam biet khd khan doi sang ciia nhan dan, thuc hien cong bang, tao su dfing thuan xa hgi, gtip phSn gia viing on dinh chfnh trj, dam bao trat tu, an loan xa hgi, ciing c6 va tang cuong qu6c phong, an ninh [7] Co the thay, viec xay dung va phat trian h? thong ASXH la quan diSm xuyen su6t chli tniong, chinh sach ciia Dang va Nha nudc Biau da khjng djnh tfnh dling din, sang tao ciia Bang, Nha nudc vdi Ngiiai ra, Chinh phu cd nhicu quyit djnh ve chinh sach ho trg dao tao va dao tao ngha cho timg dii tugng (dii vdi hgc sinh, sinh vien; ddi vdi nicn, dii vdi phu nil), dac biet tap (rung vao dii tupng uu tien viing nong thon, vimg miin niii Trong viec thtic hian chinh sach xda ddi, giam ngheo nam 1995, ca 53 tinh, tiong ca nudc diu cd chuong tnnh xda ddi, giam ngheo Trong 49 tinh, thiinh p chf Khoa hgc xa hgi Viet Nam, sd 7(104) - 2016 phd da lap Ban chi dao xda ddi, giam ngheo d cap tinh, huyen, xa Nha nudc da chu trgng xay dirag cac ngudn luc cho xda ddi, giam ngheo Budc vao thcri ky day manh CNH, HDH, Thu tudng Chinh phii Quyet djnh so 133/1998/QD-TTg phe duyet "Chucmg trinh quoc gia xda ddi, giam ngheo giai doan 1998 - 2000" vgi muc tieu va nhieu giai phap cu the Thii tudng Chi'nh phli ban hanh Quyfit dinh sd 135/1998/QDTTg phe duyet "Chucmg trinh phat trien kinh tS - xa hgi cic xa dac biet khd khan mien mii v^ vung sau, viing xa" (ggi tat la Chucmg trinh 135) Phgng trao xda ddi, giam ngheo dugc day manh vdi nhieu mo hinh gia dinh, thon, ban, xa, huyen cd higu qua da dugc nhan rgng Nam 2002, Thii tudng Chfnh phii phe duy?t "Chign lugc toSn di^n ve tang tmdng kinh tfi vdi xda ddi giam ngheo", qua khang dinh quyfit t§m cao ciia Vi?t Nam gin tang truang kinh tfi vgi giam ngheg ben vung, gdp phSn thuc hi?n thang igi Muc tieu Thien nien ky cua Lien Hgp Qudc Thang nam 2004 Thu tudng Chfnh phii ban hanh mgt sd chfnh sdch ho trg dat san xuSt, ddt d, nha d v^ nudc sinh hoat cho hp dong bao dan tgc thieu s6 ngheo, ddi sdng khd khan (Chuong trinh 134) Nam 2006, "Chuang trinh muc tieu qudc gia giam ngheo giai doan 2006 2010" dugc phe duyet tifip tue khang dinh quyet tam ciia Viet Nam vfi xda ddi giam ngheo v^ giam ngheg bdn vung Thdng n3m 2011, Chfnh phii ban hanh Nghi quyfit so 80/NQ-CP vfi "Djnh hudng giam ngheo ben vung thcri ky 2011 - 2020" Thang 10 nam 2012, Thu tudng Chfnh phu da phfi duyet "Chucmg tnnh muc tieu giam ngheo bfin vung giai doan 2012 - 2015" vdi muc tieu tao sir chuyen bien manh me, toin di?R a cic viing ngheo, thu hep khoang each chenh lech giiia thi va nong thon, giiJa cac viing, cdc dan tgc va cdc nhdm dan cu Trong viec thuc hien chfnh sach uu dai ngudi cd cong: nam 1998, Chfnh phu da tnnh Uy ban Thucmg vu Qudc hpi khoi X ban hinh Phap lenh sd 08/1998/PI^ UBTVQHIO siia ddi difiu 21 cua Phap l?nh uu dai ngucri cd cong vdi each mang Ngiy 11 thdng 12nam 1998, Chii tich nudc Cpng hda xa hgi chu nghia Viet Nam da Lenh so 08/L-CTN cong bd Phap lenh sua ddi dieu 21 ciia Phap lenh uu dai ngucri cd cdng vdi cdch mang Tren ca sd dd, Uy ban Thucmg vu Qudc hgi da ban hinh Phdp l?nh sd 19/2000/PL-UBTVQHlO (sua ddi ISn 2) dieu 21 cua Phap l?nh uu dai nguai cd cong vdi edch mang Trong ITnh vuc BHXH, BHYT nSm 2007, Qudc hgi ban hanh Luat BHXH Nam 2012, Chfnh phii ban hanh Nghi dinh s6 100/102/ND-CP sua ddi bd sung chi tifit vk hudng dan thi hanh mpt sd difiu Luat BHXH vfi bao hiem that nghi?p Ngoii edn cd cic van ban: Nghi dinh so 152/2006/ND-CP ngiy 22 thang 12 nam 2006 cua Chi'nh phu ve hudng dan mgt so dieu cua Luat BHXH ve BHXH bit huge; Nghj dinh sd 190/2007/ND-CP ngiy 28 thang 12 nim 2007 ciia Chi'nh phii ve hudng dan mgt sd di6u ciia Luat BHXH vfi BHXH t\f nguyfin; Quyet dinh 705/QD-Trg thdng nam 2013 cua Thii tudng Chfnh phu ve vi?e nang cao mue ho trg ddng BHYT eho mpt so ddi tugng ngucri thupc hp gia dinh etn ngheo; Quyfit djnh 538/QD-TTg 29 thang nim 2013 ciia Thii tudng Chi'nh phu phe duyet Dfi an Nguyen Van Tuan thuc hien 16 tnnh BHYT toan dSn giai doan 2012-2015 va 2020 Trong lmh vuc trp cSp, trg giup xa hgi (trg giup dpi xuSt; Irp giup thudng xuyen): cd nhieu chi'nh sach, bien phap cu thi nhu, Phap lenh 27/2000/PL-UBTVQH 24 thang nam 2000 ctia Ban thiidng vu Quic hpi; Phap lenh phong, ching lut, bao; Luat s6 24/2004/QHll 15 thang nam 2004 ciia Quoc hpi; Luat Bao ve, cham sdc va giao due tre em; Nghi dinh si 67/2007/ND-(3> 13 thang 04 nam 2007 cua Chinh phu vi Chi'nh sSch bao up xa hpi; Quyet djnh si I7Sl/QD-TTg 22 thang 11 nam 2012 cua Thti ludng Chinh phti phe duyet Chupng trinh hanh dpng quic gia vi ngudi cao tuii Vift Nam giai doan 2012 2020; Nghi djnh si 136/2013/ND-CP 21 Ihing 10 nam 2013 ciia Chinh phu quy djnh chinh sach tip gitip xa hgi ddi vdi dii tugng bao tip xa hgi Cd Ihe thay, ciing vdi qua trinh thuc hicn dupng Idi doi mdi loan dien dit nudc va phdt Irian kinh ta thj tiuting djnh hudng xa hpi chtl nghTa, Darig, Nha nudc luon coi tipng viec thtrc hian chlnh sach ASXH, nham bap dam va timg budc nang cao cudc song chp ngudi dan (nhk la ngudi ngheo va yeu Ihi) Day la bien phip nin tang cho sti phat trien ban vimg cua dit nudc tiong qua tiinh hgi nhap kinh te quic te Nhirng tun chii yeu viec thuc hifn ASXH 7"/iii nhat, Viel Nam da xay dung dupc h? thing ASXH loan dien va da dang, cang md ipng va hieu qua [1, ti.lll].Vi5t Nam da hoach dinh va trien khai nhiiu chinh sach xa hpi quan tigng tiong tirng tiu cgt tiong vice thiic hien ASXH co ban cua ASXH, huy dpng dugc nhieu ngupn luc tham gia tip giiip cac dpi tugng yeu thi tipng xa hgi He thong chi'nh sach ASXH dupc triin khai dong bp hi trung uong dan dja phuong, nhieu ban chi dao dupc Ihanh lap (Ban Chi dao xda ddi giam ngheo cac cap) He thing chinh sach ASXH dupc trian khai dong bp tren ba phuong dien: kha nang tiap can cac dich vu cong cpng cua cac dii tupng; h i trp phat triin san xuat thdng qua quy u'n diing, phat triin ket cau tang cho cac dia phucmg phuc vu cho ngudi dan tot htm Thi hai, nhd cd cac chinh sach ASXH bao phli rong khap nen cac dii tugng cd hoan canh khd khan dupc di hpc tang ian, ty le mil chu giam xuing Sau 30 nam dii moi, Viat Nam da phi cap trung hpc Co sd Ve CO ban da xda dupc "xa tring" vi giao due mim non Cac tinh va cac huyen miin ntii da cd trudng npi tni, ban tni chp cac hpc sinh dan tpc thiiu si va si hpc sinh, sinh vian hpc tai cac trupng dai hpc, cap dang tang len dang ki nhd chinh sach ho trg hpc sinh, sinh vien vay vin Ben canh dd, hoat dpng tham gia BHYT, BHXH cang diu dupc hiau qua cao Nam 2014, ca iiudc cd hon 11 trieu ngudi Iham gia BHXH bit bupc, 190 nghin ngudi tham gia bao hiim lu nguyen, hon triau ngudi tham gia bao hiim diat nghiep vi hon 61 tneu ngudi tham gia BHYT [1, ti.ll2] Ddi higng thara gia cac loai hinh bao hiim tang nhanh la su no luc phan dau khdng ngimg cua cac co quan, ti chiic tiong cong lac tuyen trayin va van dpng ngupi dan tham gia Tlti ba, ioi tuang hudng tro cip xa hpi cang nhieu Ngudn vdn tii ngan sach nha nudc dc tip cip cho cac dii tugng dugc thu hudng cang tang Tiong giai doan Tapchi Khoa hoc xahoi Viet Nam, s6 7(t04)-2016 2001 - 2010, vdn ngan sach nhi nudc tir mifin niii, hai dao, viing ngap lu, vung bj 113 ti dong cho hon 180 nghin ngudi tang nhifim man, cai thifin co ban tinh trang sir len 4.500 ti ddng cho 1,6 trieu ngudi [1, dyng nudc khong dam bao an toin tr 111 ] Dac biet, nhirng nam gan day, Han che viec thuc hien ASXH Vifit Nam da md rgng ddi tugng huong trg Ben canh thinh tuu dat dugc, viec thuc cap uu dai ciia xa hgi (ngudi gii, ngudi co hifin ASXH a Viet Nam sau 30 nam ddi don khdng noi nuong tua ) mdi mgt so han che Thu tir, thuc hifin hieu qua tru cgt ca ban Thu nhdt, ddi song ciia nhan dan viing cua chfnh sach ASXH da tag dgng luc quan trpng dfi phat trien kinh tfi - xa hpi Binh sau, viing xa cdn gap nhifiu khd khan M|c quan moi nam Viet Nam tao 1,5 - 1,6 dil chi'nh sach ASXH da dugc dong bp thuc trifiu viec lam mdi Nam 2014, lao ddng hifin ca nude Tuy nhien, dac difim khu vuc chfnh thuc dat tren 30% va dia ly ciia tung vCing eung nhu difiu kien lao dong da qua dao tao chiem 49% tdng sd phat trifin kinh tfi - xa hpi khac nen dcri lao dgng [1, tr.l09] Ty le th^t nghifip giir d sdng cua nhan dan van cdn gap khd khan, dac bifit la nhan dan vung sau, viing xa Thu muc 2,3%, ty le thSt nghi?p thinh thi giam nhap blnh quan etia ngudi lao dpng d Vi?t tir 5,4% (2001) xudng 3,4% (2014) Ty I? Nam thugc nhdm nudc cd thu nhap trang binh thieu vi?c lim ca nudc giam tir 5,1 % (2008) thap Thu nhap binh quan dau nguoi gi&a xudng 2,35% (2014) [5] ChSt lugng vific thi vi nong thdn, giua ddng bing vS lim, nang su3t lao dgng, thu nhap binh mifin mii la khic Van de dam bao v? qu5n dfiu tang [4] sinh nudc sach, van de luong thuc, thyc phim ehua thye su dugc quan tam sau rgng Ben canh dd, Viet Nam da xay dung va trien khai luat vi?c lim, khin trucmg xay Thu hai, trg cap xa hgi chua toin difin, dung chucmg trinh vific lam cho ngugi lao dgng Ph5n diu den nam 2020, ti lfi thit cd bieu hign tieu cue qua trinh Ihyc nghifip chung xudng dudi 3%, ti 1? thit thi Mgt so ban nginh, dia phuang xuSt hign mpt bp phan cfin bg lim cdng t k nghiap thinh thi dudi 4% ASXH Igi dyng dfi sinh lgi, thieu nang lyc, Thu nam, th\rc hi?n chi'nh sach ASXH da tnnh do, thii tue hinh ehinh giai quyet cic gop phan tfch cyc vio binh ding gidi, budc van de lien quan phiie tap, ric rdi gSy dau gdp phan giam tai d nhifim moi trudng khd khan cho nhan dan vi giai quyfit cac vin dfi toan eau, v i n dfi Thu ba, ngudn lye cho vigc thyc hi?n vfi nhi d va nudc sach cung dugc giai quyet ASXH, nhat li ngudn luc tii chi'nh cdn han tet hon nhg chfnh sach ASXH Viet Nam la h?p dac bi?t li viing sau, viing xa Ngudn mgt so ft qudc gia tren thfi gigi thuc lye tai chfnh chu yfiu dugc cip tir ngan sach hi?n cdng bugc dau Chuang trinh nhi nudc; nguon kinh phf tir td ehiic, doin myc tieu qu6c gia nudc sach vi v? sinh moi thfi, ea nhan, doanh nghigp cd tim long hao trudng nong thdn 2012 - 2015, uu tien cho tam chifim hipt phan nhd Vi thfi, vi?c ddng bao dan tgc thifiu s6, ngudi dan d thuc hi?n ASXH ehua thye sy siu rgng 16 Nguyen Van Tuan nhan dan dan den viec chua phat huy dugc siic manh tdng hop ciia mgi luc lugng xa hdi nhim khai thac hieu qua cae ngudn lyc bd sung de thye hifin cac muc tieu ma ASXH hudng tdi Han nua, cae nguon lyc niy khong dugc phan bd dong deu giua cae khu vyc nen vung sau, vung xa gap nhifiu khd khan Thu lu, npi dung va yeu ciu cong tac tuyen truyen ve chfnh sach ASXH chua day dii, kip thai va ro rang doi vdi nhung ddi tugng lien quan Cac van ban hudng dan, thyc thi nhifiu khong dugc cong khai minh bach v i cdn chdng cheo Cac thong tin vfi nhi d cho ngudi ed thu nhap thip chua rd rang, cu the dfin doi tugng cd nhu ciu Thgng tin phip luat vfi ASXH d cac viing ndng thdn, viing nui nhifiu han che, each tiep can chua hieu qua dan dfin ngudi dan chua thuc su hifiu bifit vfi quyfin lgi va nghia cu ciia minh thyc tfi Thu ndm, chat lugng dich vu ASXH thap so vdi mgt sd nude khu vyc va thfi gidi (chat lugng giao due, y te, nha d, nudc saeh chua dam bag), cac nguyen tie ciia h? thdng ASXH, quyfin an sinh, sy tuang trg giua eac ca nhan, nhdm xa hgi, gan trach nhifim va quyfin lgi chua dugc nhan thiic mot each diy du thyc tiln Khuyen nghj ve vi^c tang cudng ASXH tinh chli ddng, sang tag mpi hoat ddng bang each cu the hda cac chuang trinh hinh dgng, chuang trinh mue tieu va cac ke hoach thyc hien Nhung kfi hoach, muc tieu niy li dinh hudng, budc di can thiet vific thyc hien cae ehi'nh saeh Mat khac, Viet Nam can chii dgng phat huy, Sli dung cac ngudn luc de thyc hifin ehi'nh saeh ASXH ddng bd, hieu qua Nfiu khong ed hoac khong dii nguon lyc thl chi'nh saeh se khdng thyc hien dugc eho dil ehi'nh sach dd cd y nghTa nhin van sau sac Vific khai thac cae ngudn Iuc bao dam ASXH tu nhan dan, tu cae td ehiic qudc tfi phi chi'nh phu va sy giup da cua eac qudc gia trfin the gidi Vi vay, Viet Nam cin phai chuan bj, khai thac va phat huy tdi da cac ngudn lyc tir trung uang dfin dia phucmg Ngoai ra, vific thyc hifin cac chfnh sach ASXH can phai khoa hgc Ca nhan, td chiic lien quan se dugc phan cdng nhifim vu ro rang, cu the theo timg chuyfin mdn nhit dinh Vific thyc hien eac chi'nh sach ASXH se thdng nhat va cd hifiu qua cao Cong tac tra, kiem tra vific thyc hi?n cac chi'nh sach ASXH la yeu to rat quan trpng va can thiet Cd nhu vay, Viet Nam se phat hi?n nhung sai trai quan ly va thye thi chi'nh sach ASXH, tir dd, dua bifin phap de khac phuc nhung vific lam sai trai, gdp phan dam bao cdng bang va hifiu qua Mot Id thucmg xuyen phat huy tfnh chu dpng, sang tao viec xay dyng chucmg trinh, ke hoach thyc thi chfnh sach ASXH Hai la, day manh cong tac tuyfin truyen, van dgng cac td chiic, doin the chi'nh tri xa hgi vi ngudi dan tham gia thyc hien chi'nh sach ASXH Vi?c thyc hien chfnh sach ASXH dugc tien hinh ddng bg vi hieu qua, doi hdi cac eg quan ehiic nang cac cip luon phat huy Cong tac tuyen truyfin, van dgng nhim phat huy sue manh tdng hgp cua ngudi dan ii rat can thifit Vi vay, cac eg quan chuc Tap chi Khoa hpc xa hoi Viet Nam, sd 7(104) - 2016 nang can phai day manh cdng tac tuyen tniyen, van dgng trgng nhan dan nham tang cudng tinh than tuong than, luong ai, tap bau khdng hiau biet, san sing tham gia vao cac hoat dpng vl cdng dong va xa hgi Thtrc ta chg thay, cac hinh thiic tuyen truyen, van dgng cung phai dugc da dang, phong phli va phti hpp vdi timg dii tupng tham gia thuc hien chinh sach ASXH nhu thdng qua tga dam, hgi thao, phat thanh, tuyen liuyan khu phi, ti dan cu, ti chiic cac hgi thi dudi dang san khiu hda Cu tha nhu tuyan truyin, van dpng di mpi ngudi dan hiau biit vi ni nguyen tham gia BHXH, BHYT; van dpng cac tc chiic tir thien qudc la ho trg dii tuong cd hoan canh khd khan hda nhap cdng ding; vinh danh cac ca nhan lich ciic cd ddng gdp to Idn tiong vijc th(ic thi cac chinh sach ASXH Ngoii la, cong tac tuyen tiuyin, van ddng phai dugc Ihuc hien thudng xuyen, lien tue thong qua cac phucmg tian tniyin thong Viae lam dd dugc su quan tam, giiip dd ciia cac td chuc tu thian tiong nudc vi quoc ta Cin van ddng, tap hpp cac ti chuc, ca nhan nham tang cudng tinh thin doan ket tao la stic manh tdng hpp di thuc hien thang lpi cac muc tieu an sinh xa hpi Bg Id, chii tipng dao tao, phat tiiin dpi ngii can bp tiong linh viic ASXH, nhit la vimg sau, vting xa Dpi ngd can bg cd trtnh chuyen mon, nghiep vu li nhan td quan tiong di chinh sach ASXH tianh sii chdng cheo, thicu hi?u qua va khong ding bg Bdi vay,' Vict Nam can diu tu, phat tnin ddi ngii can bg ehuyan trach linh vuc ASXH ca ve so lugng va chit lupng Tang cudng md cac Idp tap huan dinh ki hing thang; lc chiic hpi thao, tpa dam nhjm trao dii kinh nghiem thuc hien chinh sach ASXH d cac dia phuong vdi nhau; md khda dio tao ngan va tiung han lien quan din chinh sach vi qua trtnh thuc hien ASXH MJl khac, cac dia phuang cin chu dpng lien ket vdi CO sd dio tao uy tin, diing chuyen nganh de xay dung dpi ngii can bg chuyen sau tiong linh vuc ASXH Ban canh dd, cac dja phuang cin diu tu CO sd lam viec cho can bg, Tiang thiit bj, CO sd vat chat dam bao se giup dgi ngu can bg thuc hien Idl cong tac tuyen tiuyin, van dong toin xa hpi tich ciic Ihara gia cjc chuong trtnh, du an Cac dja phuong cin lap du toan va diu tu kinh phi phal Irien co sd vat chit, die biet li thing tu lifu, tii lieu tham khao vi ASXH vi phuc vu nhll can nghien ciiu, hpc tap ciia dgi ngu can bp Bdn Id, diy manh phat triin kinh te Chien lupc phat triin kinh ti - xa hgi ciia Viet Nam giai doan 2011 2020 khjng djnh: 'Tang trudng kinh te phai kit hpp hii hda vdi viec lh\rc hien cdng bing vi tien bg xa hgi;^ khdng ngimg nang cao chat lupng cugc sdng ciia nhan dan; phat triin kinh ti xa hgi phai luon di cimg vdi bao v? vi cai thian mdi tmdng kit hpp hai hda cjc lgi ich kinh ti, xa hpi vi mdi imdng" Thii tudng Nguyin Tin Dung nhin manh: "Phjt trian kinh le gin liin vdi bao dam ASXH li mdl chinh sach nhit quan ciia Chi'nh phu Vift Nam"[6J Vi vay, phal Iriin kinh ti Idn sc cd nguon luc tii chi'nh bao dam tinh ben vdng cua chi'nh sach ASXH Vi?t Nam cin lap trang day manh hdi nhap sau rpng, ling cudng hpp lac diu lu phat Iriin kinh ti vdi Nguyen Van Tuan cae nudc, phat trien cac dac khu kinh te, khu cong nghiep se gdp phan giai quyfil viee Iam, giam te nan xa hgi vi xda ddi giam ngheo ben vxing cho ngudi dan Bdng thdi, chu trgng phat trien ngudn nhan luc, dam bag sinh ke bfin vung, iing dyng khoa hpe - cdng nghe qua tnnh san xuit trg san xuat, hd trg tin dung cho hpc sinh, sinh vifin ngheo Chfnh sich bao ve, cham sdc sire khde nhan dan dugc chu trgng [2] Tudi thg trung binh oia ngudi dan tang nhanh Chat lugng euge sdng ciia nhan dan dugc dam bao, tang cao Tren ca sd nghien ciiu, danh gia nhiing ket qua da thyc hifin, tie gia Nam id, hoc tap ldnh nghifim ciia cac nudc dua nhiing kinh nghiem tang cudng vific tnang khu vuc va the gidi Vdi sy nd lyc khong Ihyc hifin ehfnh sach ASXH cho ngudi dan ngimg thdi gian qua, Viet Nam dat dugc thdi gian tdi, tir do, gdp phan thyc hien nhimg tyu viee thue hien ehinh thing lpi muc tifiu dan giau, nudc manh, xa ASXH cho ngudi dan Song, ed thfi thiy, muon hpi dan chu, eong bang, van minh phat trien ASXH ed hieu qua, Viet Nam cin dep Tai lieu tham khao tue nghien eiiu, hgc tap kinh nghi?m ciia eac nudc khac khu vyc va the gidi nhu Thuy [1] Ban Chi dao ldng kit - Ban Chip hinh Trung uang Dang cgng san Viet Nam Dien, Sing^jore, Oxtraylia, Nhat Ban Dd li (2015), Bdo cdo tong kil mot s6 vdn di nhung quoc gia cd nhifiu thinh cong vfi xay ly lugn - Thuc tien qua 30 ndm doi mdi dyng cac md hinh thye hi?n chi'nh sach ASXH (1986 - 20J6), Nxb Chfnh tri qu6c gia Qui tnnh hgi nhap kinh te qude tfi giup Ha Ngl Vi?t Nam tifip thu, hgc hdi nhung kinh nghiem quan ly vi tranh dugc nhung sai [2] Dang cpng san Viet Nam, Vdn kien Bgi hgi dgi bieu lodn quoc lin thii VI lam mi cac qudc gia khac da trai qua Dac (1986) X (2006), XI (2011), XH (2016), bi?l, hpc tap kinh nghiem cua cac nudc vfi Nxb Chi'nh tri qudc gia, Hi Npi xay dyng h? thdng chi tieu, theo ddi, danh gii, giim sat Dinh ky thyc hi?n phan tfch, [3] httpy/dangeongsan.vnAu-lieu-van-kien/tulieu-ve-dang/gioi-thieu-van-kien-dang/doedanh gii sinh ke, nii ro ciia cac bi?n phap 2930201510252146.html thyc hi?n chi'nh s^ch ASXH [4] http://www.doisongphapluat.eom/kinh6 K^t lu^n doanh/thu-nhap-binh-quan-dau-nguoicua-viet-nam-dang-thut-IuiThye hi$n chi'nh sich ASXH la chii al08315.html truang nhat quan, xuyen sudt ciia Dang, Nhi nudc 30 nim qua Vific thyc hi?n tdt chi'nh sich ASXH da giiip eho ddi tugng thy hudng dugc md rgng, nang miie ho trg, thyc hifin ddng bg chi'nh sach ddi vdi ngudi cd cdng, giam ngheo, trg giup xa hgi, ho trg nhi d, tao vific lim, dio tao nghfi, ho [5] http://gso.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=217 [6] httpy/www.nha^dan.com.vn/chi^htri^inhluan-phe-phan/item/21351002-.html [7] http://www.vietnamplus.vn/dai-hoidang-thao-luan-ve-chat-luong-nhanIuc-va-an-sinh-xa-hoi/368042.vnp ... npi tni, ban tni chp cac hpc sinh dan tpc thiiu si va si hpc sinh, sinh vian hpc tai cac trupng dai hpc, cap dang tang len dang ki nhd chinh sach ho trg hpc sinh, sinh vien vay vin Ben canh dd,... manh tdng hgp cua ngudi dan ii rat can thifit Vi vay, cac eg quan chuc Tap chi Khoa hpc xa hoi Viet Nam, sd 7(104) - 2016 nang can phai day manh cdng tac tuyen tniyen, van dgng trgng nhan dan... theo ddi, danh gii, giim sat Dinh ky thyc hi?n phan tfch, [3] httpy/dangeongsan.vnAu-lieu-van-kien/tulieu-ve-dang/gioi-thieu-van-kien-dang/doedanh gii sinh ke, nii ro ciia cac bi?n phap 2 9302 01510252146.html