THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
NANG CAO NANG Ll/C DAO TAO CHO CAC CO S DAY NGHE CUA NGANH THAN VIET NAM ThS Phucmg HOfu TUng Bai hoe Mo- Bia chdt Hd Ngi Tom tat N h i n lUe la ngudn lpc quan trpng cd tinh quyet dinh sU tang trudng va p h i t trien kinh te-xa hdi N g i n h than Viet Nam hien sUdung ban 120 ngan lao dpng, hang nam g i i i quyet viec lam mdi cbo hang chuc ngan lao dpng Han nda nhu eau than tang nhanh, den nam 2025 la 65 trieu tan than t h u a n g pham, de d i p Ung nhu c i u tiian eiia nen kinh te va hdi n h i p kinh te qude te, nganh than ddi mat vdi nhieu van de n h u hieu q u i kinh doanh, g i i i quyet lao ddng viee l i m , d i e biet la phat trien kinh te di ddi vdi b i o ve mdi trudng va p h i t trien ben vdng N h i m dap dng cac yeu cau dd, bai bao de xuat mdt sd g i i i p h i p nang cao n i n g lUc dao tao cho eac co sd nghe tai nganh than Viet Nam bdi canh hdi nhap kinh te qude te Tii khoa: Ndng lUc ddo tgo, casd dgy nghe, ngdnh than VietNam Abstract Human resource is an important resource which play as a decisive factor for the growth and development of socio-economic Vietnam's coal industry currently uses more than 120 thousand labourers and creates new jobs for tens of thousand of workers Furthermore, the coal demand is rapidly increasing a, up to 65 million tons of commercial coal by 2025 To meet the coal demand ofthe economy and international economic integrationthe coal industry is facing many problems such as business efficiency, j o b settlement, especially economic development going along with environment protection and sustainable development To meet the requirements, the article proposes some solutions to improve the training capacity for vocational training institutions in Vietnam's coal industry under the context of international economic integration Key w o r d s : Training capacity, vocational training institutions, Vietnam's coal industry ThUc t r a n g ve d a o t a o n g h e t a i n g a n h t h a n VietNam Nganh than Viet Nam da lien ket d i o tao vdi c i e trudng dai hpc tai cac nUdc co nganh cdng nghiep m d He thdng ca sd dgy nghe cho ngdnh than VietNam phat trien nhU: Nga, Ba Lan,Trung Qudc (TQ), CHLB Bde, Nhat Ban Cic trudng Dai hpc nhU: Oai hpc SLASK - Ba Ngudn n h i n luc cua nganh than Viet Nam dupc eung cap bdi he thdng c i c co sd dao tao v i ngoai nudc chil yeu sau: Lan, Bai hge Ky thuat Cdng nghe, trudng Bai hgc Dien lUe Hoa Bie-TQ, Oai hge Hda dau Lieu Ninh-TQ, Oai hge Bich Khoa Cdn Minh-Lieu Ninh-TQ, Oai hgc ICTE Khdi cae trudng Bai hpc: Bai hge Md - Bja chat; Dai Queensland-Australia, Vien Cdng nghe Chau A (AIT),Tap hpc Cdng nghiep Quang Ninh; Bai hpe T i i nguyen va doan Bien LUe Na uy (NEC), Dao tao eho eae d p i n Mdi trudng; Bai hpc Bach Khoa H i Ndi JCOAL (Nhat), RAME (CHLB DUe)' Khdi c i e t r u d n g cao dang nghe: Cao dang nghe N g i n h than true tiep q u i n ly cO sd dao tao, bdi Than - K h o i n g s i n Viet Nam; Cao d i n g ca - iuyen dudng ngudn nhan lue dd la trudng Cao d i n g nghe kim Thai Nguyen; Cao dang cdng nghiep Phuc Yen; Cao Than - Khoang s i n Viet Nam,Trudng q u i n trj kinh doanh d i n g cdng nghiep Tuy Hpa; Cao d i n g cdng nghiep v i -Vinacomin x i y dpng ; Cao dang nghe dau Vung T i u TrUdng dao tao bdi dudng can bd: Truong q u i n trj kinh doanh-Vinaeomin Quy mo ddo tgo nghe: Cic co sd dao tao nghe n g i n h than Viet Nam phuc vu k h o i n g 10.000 hpc sinh/nam, tap trung d vung B d n g Bie (Quang Ninh) va vung Viet So 32 thang 5/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE [21] Bac (Thai Nguyen), ngoai m d them p h i n hieu dao tao nghe nam 2013 giam 1.919 bgc sinh so vdi nam 2012, tai Tiy nguyen (Lam D d n g , D i k Ndng) de phuc vu d i o nam 2014 cd tang ddi chut so vdi nam 2013, song van tao n h i n lue tai cho cho c i c d u a n khai t h i c k h o i n g s i n thap ban rat nhieu so vdi n i m 2012 bd xit ho trg n g i n h than tai Tay Nguyen' K h i nang tai chinh danh cho d i o tao va cdng t i c Ve dgi ngii gido vien: Hien ed tdng sd gan 800 d i o tao n h i n lde ciia nganh than cdn ban che: Nhdng g i i o vien ehuyen nghiep, dd cd 85 ngUdi cd trinh n i m qua, mac du n g u d n t i l ehinh danh cho cdng tae d i o tao sau Dai hgc, 356 ngudi tdt nghiep Dai hpe, dao tao nhan Ipc cua T i p doan ed sp gia tang lien tue, 53 ngudi tdt nghiep Cao dang; 100% giao vien ed trinh da gdp phan quan trpng t r o n g viec p h i t trien n h i n lUc dp su pham bac t r d len hoac cd chdng ehi sU pham day song quy md, tdc dp va so lugng chua t u o n g xUng vdi nghe Giao vien day thuc hanh ciia cac trUdng da qua tiem n i n g va mue tieu chien lupc d e r a Ngudn tai chinh hien d i n h cho edng t i e dao tao nhan lUc khoang hon thuc te s i n xua't it nha't t u nam' Cosd vdt chdt, ky thudt phue vu ddo 'ego: Hien cd tdng sd 120 phdng hpc ly thuye't vdi sdc chda binh q u i n 60-80 hge sinh/phdng cd du phuong tien thie't bj nghe nhin hien dai; 20 phdng m i y t i n h ; 52 xddng thpc t i p nghe; 05 phdng thpc tap lap trinh PLC; 10 xUdng thUc t i p sda chda eo khi; 05 xUdng ban vdi eic budng ban kin; 08 xudng thuc t i p m i y tien CNC; 02 xUdng hda nghiem kie'm tra chat lugng s i n pham; 20 phdng t h i nghiem hda hge va v i t ly 70 ty ddng/nam l i mdt sd lugng khdng nhd nhUng chua t u o n g xdng vdi nhu eau ve tai chinh de p h i t trien n h i n lue mdt c i c h t o i n dien Mat k h i c , sd tien n i y mdi chi t i p t r u n g ehii yeu vao viec tra lupng giao vien va mdt so boat ddng khac cbd chua ed dieu kien de hien dai hoa CO sd vat c h i t cua c i c t r u d n g dao tao n h i n lUc, xay dung chuang trinh dao tao tien tien v i nha't la viee dau t u c h o can bg, nhan vien, ngudi lao ddng di hge t i p , nghien cdu d nudc ngoai K h i nang ngoai n g d eua lao dpng nganh than cdn Hgp tdc qudc te ve ddo tgo nghe tgi ngdnh than Viet Nam: nganh than Viet Nam da ehii ddng lien ke't dao tao vdi c i c trudng dai hgc tai eac nudc n h u Nga, Ba Lan, Trung Qudc, CHLB D d c Nhat Ban; mdt sd trUdng dai hgc nUde n h u Oai hge M d - Oja chat, Dai hge Bich khoa H i Ndi, Oai hgc edng nghiep Q u i n g Ninh, tuye'n sinh dua mdt sd luong ldn tu nghiep sinh, nghien cdu sinh va sinh vien di d i o tao va tu nghiep cac chuyen nganh m i nganh than Viet Nam dang can, tinh den het rat ban che, lam cho rao c i n tiep nhan kien thde dao tao ve khoa hgc ky thuat, edng nghe khai thac hien dai tU nudc ngoai Nganh than Viet Nam hien dang hgp t i c vdi cae qudc gia ed nganh cdng nghiep m d p h i t trien nhu Cpng hda lien bang DUc, Nga, Ba Lan, Canada, Nhat Ban, Trung Qude.Tuy nhien c i c qudc gia n i y it sUdung tieng Anh la ngdn n g d t h d n g d u n g , t r o n g ngdn ngdchinh cua c i e qudc gia dd lai it dupc g i i n g day tai cac Nha trudng dViet Nam n i m 2014 sd lupng c i n bd Nghien cdu sinh (NCS) va Thac si nudc n g o i i la 34 hpe vien, he dai hpc tdng sd cd Su thie'u hut lao d d n g cd t i n h dp chuyen mdn, tay 191 sinh vien va 94 sinh vien da tdt nghiep; he Cao d i n g nghe eao l i m cho nganh than Viet Nam rat khd khan ed 13 sinh vien, Chuong trinh lien ke't cd 67 sinh vien d i nen kinh te tri thde the hien d trtnh dp hie'u biet p h i p luat, q u i n trj chien lupc, quan trj n h i n lUc, ky nang hoan t h i n h khda hpe' quan ly, quyet djnh, q u i n trj t i i ehinh, quan tri riii ro Mot so van de dat vdi cO sd day nghe ciia nganh than Viet Nam va kinh doanh qudc te; dae biet Viet Nam tham gia s i u rdng vao Cdng ddng kinh te Asean (AEC) v i ky ke't Ve quy md d i o tao, bdi dudng n h i n lpc cua nganh hiep djnh kinh te xuyen Thai Binh DUOng (TPP) thi than g i i m sut: nganh than hien quan ly 02 cO sd dao n g u d n n h i n lue nganh than Viet Nam ddng trudc rat tao, bdi dudng nhan lpc, t r o n g cd 01 trudng Cao nhieu khd k h i n t h i c h thdc thdi gian tdi d i n g nghe Than - K h o i n g s i n Viet Nam v i 01 TrUdng De dat dupc cae muc tieu ehien luac phat trien Quan tri kinh doanh Tuy nhien, t d nam 2010 t r d lai day ngudn nhan luc qudc gia, cd chien luge phat quy md d i o tao nghe eua 02 co sd n i y nhin chung giam trien eua nganb than Viet Nam den nam 2020, trudc thue sut, d i e biet vao nam 2013 v i 2014 Quy m d dao tao trang va eac ban che tren thi vai trd eiia c i c eo sd dao 'Tap doan cong nghiep Tlian-Klioang san Viet Nam (2015), Bao cao tdng kit cong tac dao tao giai doan 2010-2014, djnh hudng den nam 2020 [22] K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE S6 32 thang 5/2016 tao nghe t r o n g viec d i o tao va nang eao chat lugng van hanh thiet bj sang tuyen, sang tuyen q u i n g kim loai, nguon nhan luc nganh than Viet Nam bdi canh hdi khai t h i c ham Id, co dien Id, m i y dung md, sda chda d nhap kinh te qudc te s i u rdng hien t r d nen rat can t d , khoan nd min, luyen kim, kiem tra v i h o i p h i n tieh, thiet s i n xuat vd CO Nang cao nang lUc dao tao cho cac ctf scr day Nganh than la dau mdi t h d n g nhat hudng dan, g i i m s i t , kiem tra cdng t i c tuyen sinh de cho di hpc nghe, nghe ciia nganh than Viet Nam He thdng eg sd dao tao la noi cung cap chii yeu nhat n h i n luc phuc vu eho nhu cau sd dung cua cac doanh nghiep nganh than Neu he t h d n g co sd trudng day nghe khdng dugc ddi mdi, sap xep, quy hoach theo hudng chuan hoa, HDH, tiem can den trinh dp cua khu vuc va the gidi thi khdng the m d rdng quy md, nang cao chat lupng d i o tao, bdi dudng va se khdng the cung cap nhan lUe thUc sU cd chat lupng cao cho yeu cau nhiem vu SXKD cua nganh than c i ngan ban vi q u i n ly mdt c i c h he t h d n g cdng tac tuyen sinh dao tao phu hop vdi ke hoaeh phdi hop SXKD hang n i m cung n h u c i c d p b i o ke hoach dai ban cua nganh than Vi viy, c i c trudng dao tao dugc co eau nganh than n b u mdt doanh nghiep d i e biet, vUa dupc ddc lap kinh doanh dao tao, vda gan lien vdi ket qua SXKD ciia c i c doanb nghiep vda cd su ho t r p cua Nha nudc Be g i i i quyet moi quan he gida eac ben (ca sd dao tao - cac doanh nghiep va nganh than) hien nganh than da x i e dinh rd cac doanh nghiep p h i i la ngudi dUa dupe dai han nhu cau d i o tao nhan lpc ma minh c i n Cac trudng ed Mgt Id, tien hdnh quy hogch, doi mdi, sdp xep, ddu tu xdy dung he thdng ede trudng ddo tgo ciia ngdnh than theo hudng chudn hod, hien dgi hod t r i c h nhiem t d ehUe dao tao n h i n lUc theo yeu eau cua c i c doanh nghiep v i quy djnh cua c i c Bd nganh cd lien quan d i m b i o dung tien dp va chat lupng Viec quy hoach, ddi m d i , s i p xep v i xay ddng be thdng trudng dao tao nhan lUc gid vai trd d i e biet quan trpng n i n g eao chat lupng ngudn nhan luc cua n g i n h than Viet Nam Vi v i y , yeu cau he t h d n g cac Hai Id, xdy dung ddi ngu nhd gido thdnh lUe lugng chu chot viec ndng cao chdt lugng nguon nhdn luc ngdnh than trudng can duge quy hoaeh n h u mdt he thdng md, cho Tap trung p h i t trien dpi ngu giao vien ed dii ve sd phep dieu ehinh m d rdng hoae thu hep lai, tham chi sap lupng, chat Ipgng c i n g cao de dap Ung vdi yeu nhap, gdp lai cac bd phan mpt trudng hay toan he cau, sU mang l i nhUng "may cai"de d i o tao nhan luc cho thdng hoac tach ma khdng gay nhdng x i o trdn Idn nganh than Vi viy, can thuc hien tdng bude ehuan h o i i n h hudng den sd lugng, chat lugng, co cau n h i n lUe giao vien day nghe, phan dau den nam 2015,100% giao phuc vu cho boat ddng SXKD Can binh mdt he vien day nghe dat chuan theo quy djnh, mdt bd p h i n thdng trudng manh, bien dai cd tinh lien t h d n g , lien dat trtnh dp tien tien t h e o ehuan khu vUc va qudc te hoan eao, k h i c phuc tinh trang bj chia c i t , manh mun Trong dd, tren 70% g i i o vien cac trudng day nghe nhu hien dan tdi mau thuan giua kha nang cung cap cd trinh dp dai hpe, tren 18% ed trinh sau dai hpc, va yeu cau cang Idn ve nhan lpc cua nganh than 100% giao vien day thpc hanh cd trinh dp tU cao dang hien tai v i tuong lai t r d len Odi vdi 02 CO sd dao tao nghe v i bdi dudng e i n bd Thudng xuyen tien hanh c i c boat dpng d i o tao, dao hien cua n g i n h than tiep tuc eung ed n i n g cap c i c tao lai, bdi dudng de nang cao trinh dp mpi mat cua dpi trudng ke c i ea sd v i t chat lan bd sung dpi ngu g i i o vien ngu g i i o vien ket hgp vdi viee luan ehuyen, dua giao de nang cao nang lue day nghe trude mat d i m nhiem vien di thuc te d c i c dan vi s i n xuat kinh doanh Ve mat dupe dao tao nhan lpc cung cap kip thdi nhu cau cac sd lupng can quan tam den c i c chinh sach thu hut hpc doanh nghiep Cic trudng dao tao nghe can tiep tuc tap sinh k h i gidi, nhdng lao ddng ed tay nghe cao v i o hpc trung dao tao va m d rdng d i o tao nghe d cap trinh do, v i gid lai trudng de bd sung v i o dpi ngu giao vien Tien trudc m i t den nam 2015 td chde dao tao nghe d c i c cap banh ddi mdi, ndi dung, chuong trtnh dao tao g i n s i t trinh dp cu the gdm: (i) dao tao cao dang nghe cho 16 vdi thpc tien, dap dng cang tdt ban nhu cau cua nghe thude nhdm nghe dien, cdng nghe khai t h i c md, cac doanh nghiep Bdi mdi, thiet ke chuong trinh, ndi edng nghe thdng tin, CO khi, van hanh thiet bj CO gidi, dung d i o tao theo hudng chuan hoa, hien dai hoa, linh luyen kim, van hanh dien; (ii) d i o tao trung cap nghe, so hoat, mem deo de dao tao nhan lue cd chat lupng n g i y cap nghe cho 40 nghe, bao gdm c i c nhpm nghe dieu cang cao T i p t r u n g dao tao, ren luyen, bdi dudng ki khien thiet bj xue - d i o thuy ipc, may kboan dap cat, nang mem, kT n i n g t u tao viec lam, n i n g lpc thieh dng, thiet bj xi mang, dieu khien thiet b| san - gat, l i i xe md sang tao de hge vien sau tdt nghiep cd the d i m So 32 thang 5/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE [23] nhiem edng viec duae X i y dpng eic chuong trinh Tiep tuc quan tam xay d p n g , phat trien dpi ngu dao tao, thiet ke c i e m d - d u n kien thdc phii hpp, linh CNKTIanh nghe (tay nghe cao) theo hudng tri thdc hda boat, b i m s i t thuc tien SXKD, tiep can vdi chua'n khu vUc cdng n h i n Dja p h u o n g hda v i truyen t h o n g hda dpi va qudc te Tien hanh ddi mdi t o i n dien phUOng phap ngu cdng nhan, can bp ciia nganh than, k h o i n g s i n X i y g i i n g day eae eo sd dao tao nghe theo hudng dpng ndi dung va chddng trinh g i i n g day eae cd sd dao tang cudng thpc hanh, ren luyen ki nang, phat trie'n tU tao eua nganh than theo tieu chui'n khu vuc va qude te s i n g tao, tU phat trien cua ngudi hpc Xay dung CO sd vat cha't eua c i c TrUdng phan dau tdng Ba Id, thudng xuyen quan tdm den cong tdc ddu tU cd sdvgt chdt cho ede nha trudng de ndng cao chdt lugng bude dat ehuan qudc te ThUc hien lien thdng, lien ke't d i o tao ddi vdi c i c t r u d n g t r o n g va ngoai nude dat hieu qua n g i y c i n g cao gido due, ddo tgo T i p t r u n g dau tU e o s d v i t ehat eho cae trudng d i o tao nghe eiia T i p d o i n de x i y d u n g t h i n h cac ca sd Ndm Id, Bdy mgnh hgp tdc ve ddo tgo nghe vdi cdc to chde ddo tgo vd ngodi nUdc dao tao nghe cd c h i t Idpng cao, dat chua'n t r u d n g Nganh than can xac d j n h h u d n g Ida chpn nhdng nghe ciia khu vUe v i qudc te Tien h i n h dau tU xay nganh nghe hpp t i c dao tao phu hop, t r i n h l i n g phi dung CO b i n , b i o dam dien tieh dat va cac muc song p h i i thpc hien quyet t i m di t i t , ddn dau Hpp t i e cdng trinh theo hudng tien tie'n, hien dai, dd tap c i n di v i o chieu sau vdi c i c nudc truyen t h d n g song t r u n g vao he t h d n g may mdc thiet bi, p h d n g t h i ciing can m d rpng vdi eic nddc k h i e , Uu tien cae nude nghiem, xudng thuc hanh de hpc vien t i n g cudng thuc khu vUe de eung p h i t trien Ben eanh dd, can t i n g hanh, khae phuc triet de tinb trang "day chay, hpc chay" eudng kinh phi, k h i c phuc rao e i n ve ngoai ngd, chu n h u d i v i dang dien d c i c t r u d n g day nghe ThUe trgng bdi dudng ngudn dai ban, tap trung vao bd phan hien xay d p n g n h d n g khu the thao, vui chai de ren n h i n luc tre, cac nha khoa hgc ngudn, nhdng t i i n i n g luyen the luc cbo hpc vien, tao sp phat trien toan Trong bdi canh hien nay, l i n h dao nganh than v i cac co dien q u i trinh d i o tao nghe quan chUe nang can l i m tdt cdng t i e quy hoaeh, tao Nganh than can kien quyet chi dao cae trudng trien khai dung tien do, c h i t lupng ke hoach dau tU da dugc phe duyet, ehu trpng dau t u c o sd vat chat phuc vu edng t i c day nghe n h u phdng hpc, trang thie't bj hien dai, ky nguon de gUi di dao tao nudc ngoai dat hieu q u i Can xay dpng chuong trinh eu the, thiet thpc, hieu q u i de tao chuyen bie'n dot p h i ve trtnh dp ngoai n g d eho ngudi lao ddng ndi chung va n g u d n gdi di dao tao d nudc ngoai ndi rieng Tiep tue x i y d u n g , dieu chinh mpt tue x i , xudng thuc tap, dudng Id thuc t i p sd CO che, ehinh s i c h mang t i n h dot p h i thu hiit, Bon Id, Ndng cao ndng lUe qudn ly va to chde thUe hien ndng cao chdt lugng ngudn nhdn luc ciia ngdnh than X i y dung dpi ngu e i n bd ed trinh dp chuyen mdn, nghiep vu cao, ky nang cdng t i e dieu luyen, thdng thao Uu dai, trpng dung de nhdng ngUdi dupc dl d i o tao d nudc ngoai ve nUdc gan bd vdi Tap doan, yen tam cdng t i e , phat huy t d t nang luc trinh dp, kien thde ehuyen m d n d i dupc d i o tao va tieh luy • ngoai ngd, tin hgc, am hie'u p h i p l u i t Viet Nam va qudc te Duy tri v i tdng budc nang cao ehi't lupng c i c khda d i o tao quan trj kinb doanh cao cap va dao tao ngoai Tdi lieu tham khao ngd (chu ye'u l i tieng Anh) cho can bp duong ehdc va T i p doan cdng nghlepThan-Khoing s i n Viet Nam c i n bp ke can, ddng thdi ddi mdi npi dung d i o tao vdi (2015), "Bdo cdo tdng ket edng tdc ddo tgo giai dogn 2010- mue tieu sau hpe vien hoan t h i n h khda dao tao 2014, dinh hudng den ndm 2020" dupe trang bj day dii kien thde, ky nang lanh dao de cd the d i m duong dupc e i c chUe vu lanh dao doanh nghiep Ngay nhan b i i : 10/5/2016 Phuong Hdu TUng (11/2015), "Dao tao nghe tai n g i n h than Viet Nam t r o n g bdi c i n h hdi nhap kinh te qu6cte",Tgpeh!Khoahgcdgynghe,thiing Ngayphinbien: [24] K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE 20/5/2016 So 32 thang 5/2016 11 nam 2015 Ngay dang: T h i n g 5/2016 ... nghe nam 2013 giam 1.919 bgc sinh so vdi nam 2012, tai Tiy nguyen (Lam D d n g , D i k Ndng) de phuc vu d i o nam 2014 cd tang ddi chut so vdi nam 2013, song van tao n h i n lue tai cho cho c... Nang cao nang lUc dao tao cho cac ctf scr day Nganh than la dau mdi t h d n g nhat hudng dan, g i i m s i t , kiem tra cdng t i c tuyen sinh de cho di hpc nghe, nghe ciia nganh than Viet Nam He... i nganh than Viet Nam dang can, tinh den het rat ban che, lam cho rao c i n tiep nhan kien thde dao tao ve khoa hgc ky thuat, edng nghe khai thac hien dai tU nudc ngoai Nganh than Viet Nam hien
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