Viec lam ciia ngudi dan tai dinh cu bien doi hau (Nghien cuu trutmg hgfp xa Bao Hieu, huyen Yen Thuy, tinh Hoa Binh)'*' Nguyen Quang Tuan*"' Tom tat: Biin doi hau da anh huang Ion din cugc song cua nguai dan a nhieu khu vuc nuac ta, co mot so huyen cua tinh Hoa Binh Trudc tinh hinh do, chinh sdch tdi dinh cu (TDC) da duac thuc hien nham giam muc anh huang, ton thuang tic thien tai doi vai nguai dan Cdc chuang trinh TDC mot mat bao ve an toan tinh mang cho ngudi dan, nhung mat khdc cUng tgo nhirng thach thuc hoat dgng viec lam cua nguai ddn TBC chuyen din nai a mai Bdi viet phan tich tinh hinh viec Idm cua ngudi dan TBC a tinh Hoa Binh (trudng hgp xa Bdo Hieu, huyen Yen Thuy) tac dgng cua bien ddi hau; dong thdi ban den mgt sd vdn de chinh sdch nham giup nguai ddn TDC tiep can viec lam on dinh vd bin vimg Tir khoa: Viec lam, Tai dinh eu, Bien doi hau, Hoa Binh Abstract: Climate change has had huge impact on people's daily lives in many parts of Vietnam, including some districts of Hoa Binh province Against this background, resettlement policy has been implemented to reduce damage and influence caused by natural disasters on people These resettlement programs, while designed to protect people's lives, pose a challenge of job creation to the resettled people in new residential areas This paper investigates the employment situation of resettled people in Hoa Binh Province (a case study at Bao Hieu Commune, Yen Thuy District, Hoa Binh Province), as well as discusses some policy issues on accessibility to stable and well-paid job opportunities Keyword: Employment, Resettlement, Climate Change, Hoa Binh Province Md dau Viet Nam la mgt nhiing qu6c gia chiu anh hudng thudng xuyen va nang n l ii viet la mot phan ket qua ciia de tai cip co sa nam 2018 "Tiep can viec lam cua nguai dan tai dinh cu bien d6i hau: Nghien ciiu truang hgp tai tinh Hoa Binh" tac gia lam chu nhiem, Vi?n Xa hoi hgc la ca quan chii quan '••' ThS., Vien Xa hoi hoc, Vien Han lam Khoa hoc xa hoi Viet Nam; Email: nguyenquangtuan9x@ [l.com cua thien tai va biln dfii hau nhu bao, m lut, sat Id d4t, han ban, v.v , anh hudng Icm din su an toan va cugc s6ng cua ngudi dan d nhieu khu vuc, vimg miln Tmdc nhung tac dgng tu bien doi hau, Nha nude da ban hanh nhieu ehinh sach TDC va cac chinh sach lien quan nh5m giam miic } anh hudng, giam nhiing ton hai tir thien ^^h bien doi hau den nguoi dan TDC e6 the tao nhiing co hgi va nguon sinh ke Vice lam ciia ngudi dan mdi, nang eao kha nang chong chiu, bao ve su an toan ciia ngudi dan, phong tranh thien tai, nhat la doi vdi nhung ngudi dSn co dieu kien kinh te tot, nhung ciing co the gay eac ton thuong mdi doi vdi nhiing ngudi ngheo va de bi ton thuong vdi nhiing kh6 khan nhat dinh nhu thieu cac dich vu, thieu viec lam, thieu co hgi tao thu nhap, (UN Viet Nam, 2014) Hda Binh la tinh thugc vung niii Tay Bac dat nude, co dia hinh, hau dac thu: ho thiiy dien, doi niii cao, nhieu song suoi vdi doe cao, lugng mua tap tmng rat Idn theo mua dan den nguy ca cao ve ngap lut, lii quet, sat Id dat, nhiing thiet hai thien tai thdi gian gan day rat dang ke (Hiiu Trung, 2016) Hoa Binh da va dang trien khai chuang trinh TDC theo eac mo hinh tap trang va xen ghep doi vdi ngudi dan viing anh hudng va co nguy co cao mat an toan Ve dia ban nghien ciiu, xa Bao Hieu (huyen Yen Thuy, tinh Hoa Binh) la mgt ba diem TDC (cung vdi hai diem khac la xa Yen Nghiep va xa Dong Tam thuge huyen Yen Thiiy) tap tmng tiep nhan ngudi dan thugc hai xa Tan Mai va Phiic San* Trong hai dot td chiie TDC cho ngudi dan thugc hai xa tren, co 75 hg gia dinh dugc di chuyen den xa Bao Hieu Xa Bao Hieu eo dien tich 28 km^ vdi dan sd 7.000 ngudi, ngudi dan toe Mudng chiem 85% dan so, lai la ngudi Kinh, Thai va Dao Ty le hg ngheo cua xa la 36% Khu TDC tai xa Bao Hieu dugc ggi la xdm Tan Phiic (ghep tir hai ehu dau eiia Tan Mai va Phiic San) Tinh den thang '"' Tan Mai va Phuc San la hai xa mien niii thugc huyen Mai Chau (tinh Hoa Binh) da chiu anh hucmg nang ne thien tai va bien doi hau voi nhirng vy sat 16 dat nghiem trpng Hai xa each Bao Hi?u khoang 100 km 17 5/2018, s6 hg tai khu TDC la 77 hg (vdi hon 300 nhan khau) M6i hg gia dinh dugc eip dien tieh dAt san xuit la 5.000 m^ va dien tich dit d khoang 300 m^ - 350 m^ theo vi tri hg gia dinh d**' Tinh hinh viec lam cua ngudi dan TDC noi day sao? Dieu gi anh hudng den boat dgng viec lam va thu nhap cita hg? Su khae biet giua ngudi dan sd tai va ngudi dan TDC viec tiep can viec lam nhu the nao? Ngi dung bai viet se g6p phan giai dap nhiing eau hoi tren Bai vilt sir dung dii lieu khao sat dinh tinh chiing tdi thuc hien vao thang 5/2018 vdi 16 tradng hgp dugc phong van sau (PVS) la ngudi dan TDC biln d6i hau, ngudi dan sd tai, lanh dao va cac ban nganh doan the tai xa Bao Hieu Trong qua trinh thu thap thong tin va phan tieh ket qua nghien cim, chiing toi sir dung each tiep can theo quan diem ly thuyet mang ludi xa hgi Vi|c lam ndng nghiep cua ngudi dan tai dinh cu a Hogt dgng trgt, chan nudi Ngudi dan TDC d Bao Hieu ehu yeu song dua vao hoat dgng san xuat nong nghiep (trong trgt va chan nuoi), le thuge nhieu vao thien nhien va trayen thong canh tae lau ddi Cac hg gia dinh van dai dien eho "hg kinh te tieu n6ng"'"l