Hành vi đi lễ chùa của thanh niên hà nội hiện nay

Xd hgi hgc, sd (142), 2018 51 HANH VI DI LE CHUA CUA THANH NIEN HA N Q I HIEN NAY NGUYEN THI MINH NGQC" Tom tdt: Ngdy nay, di le chiia khdng cdn la nhu cdu cua rieng phu nii a Ida tudi gid md Id nhu cdu mgi tdng ldp xd hgi, khdng phdn bi$t tudi tdc Cdc nhdm xd hgi di le v&i myic dich khde nhau, thdi khde thi hiin nhu cdu tdn gido khde Bdi viet phdn tich sd lieu tic cudc khdo sdt hdnh vi di le eiia nien Hd Ngi hien Kit qud nghiin cdu cho thdy cd su khde bi4t gida cdc nhdm nien Id Phdt tu vd thdnh niin khdng tdn gido ve ly do, muc dieh vd cdch thiec di le chiia Tuy nhien nhin chung, hdnh vi di li cua cdc nhdm niin diu hu&ng din muc dich nhgp thi Chinh vl nhiing muc dich nhdp thi nhu VCTV nen phdn ddng niin ngdy nc^ den v&i chug khdng phdi Id di hgc hdi md Id de cdu cung TH khoa: hdnh vi di le, nidn Phgt tft, di le chiia Nhgn bai: 13/12/2017 Gui phdn bi^n: 18/4/2018 Duyjt ddng: 04/6/2018 1, Vai ndt v i Ph$t giao Ha Nfi Trong lich sft dyng nude vd gift nude, Phgt gido Vift Nam ndi chimg va Phat gido trdn dja ban thu Ha Ngi ndi rieng da cd hdng ngan ndm gdn bd vdi ddn tgc, hda nhgp sdu sde v i nhiiu m | t vdn hod, dao due tmyin thing, tao ndn nhiing net d?p cua thu dd Trong cdc thdi ky cdch mgng va qua eae cuf c khdng chien ehdng ngogi xdm, Phgt gido Hd Nfi la mft lyc lugng quan trgng cua khdi dgi dodn ket todn ddn Khi Viet Nam chuyin sang thdi kinh t i thi tiirdng, y i u td may rui mgi ITnh vyc Clia ddi sdng xa hdi cd xu hudng gia tang Tdn giao Id mgt ITnh vye cua ddi sdng tinh thdn phdn dnh khat vgng eua eon ngudi mudn tao dyng cugc sdng theo y tudng eiia minh Nhimg khdt vgng khdng dgt duge ddi sing hidn thye thi ngudi no lyc tun kiem ddi sdng tdn gido Day la mft nhftng ly tdn gido bung ldn vd phat trien thdi kinh t i thi tmdng Sy da dang vd phong phu cda cde hinh thftc khde cua ddi song kinh t i - xa hgi tgo nen sy phong phu va da dang cua ddi song tdn gido Nhu cau cua tin dd eung nhidu thay ddi va dudi nhiiu hinh thfte khac Ngdy nay, tm d i khdng ehi nhin nhdn ngudi'tu sT tren phuang difn dac dgo ma cdn nhidu ngi dung khde Thdi gian gdn day, xu thi nhdp thi eua Phdt gido cd chiiu hudng gia tdng, nhdt Id d Hd Nfi Cdc dich vy Phgt gido tgi Hd Ngi phdt triin mgnh ddp ung nhu cdu tdm linh efta Vi$n XS hdi hgc, Vi4n Hdn ldm Khoa hqc xd hgi Vi§t Nam 52 Hanh vi di le chiia ciia niin Ha Npi hien tin d6 Bk dap ling nhu C£lu cua tin ng^y cang tSng, ngudi tu sT phai th\rc hi?n mpt so hogt dong Idiac ca tuan theo va Ididng tuan theo g i ^ ludt Nhihig hogt d^ng th6ng thudng cua tu Sl cho tin d6 la ciing le cho tin tgi chua va tai nha Vi^c ciing le tgi gia thuong vao cac dip nhu gia chii co nguoi than qua doi, ciing 35, 49 ngay, ciing nhi m6i, Cling lap bat huong^, doi vao cac soc vpng, mot v ^ gia chu moi su tSng den nha Cling le Ngoai hoat dong ciing ll, tu si c6n tham gia v4o thj truong b6i toan, xem ng4y gio t6t xSu phuc vy cho vice lam nha, cu6i ga, chuyto bat huong, di xa, xem hudng nha, huong ban thd, xem phong thuy Theo quan sdt va nhan dinh ciia tdc gia, mot s6 it tra loi cac cau hoi ciia tin d6 vd mpt su vi$c c\i thS nao d6 tin dit dinh lam Day cd the noi la mpt hoat dpng khong mang lgi lpi ich true tiSp nhung mang lai lpi ich gian tiSp dang k6 cho tu si ciing nhu cho nhiSu chua Chiia nao cd tang ni gioi cdo linh v\tc kg tren de thu hilt tin dd va bdng uy tin cua mmh cd thj quyen gdp luong ti&i ldn ciia tin cho chiia Thvrc tr^ng di ll chvia cua niSn Ha N§i hifn Nghien cilu dupe tiSn hanh vdi 400 nien tir 15 dSn 29 tudi, dd cd 200 nien !a Phat tur chinh thiic (nhiing ngudi da thuc hien nghi le quy y Tam Bdo) va 200 nien nhdm khong la tin dd cila tdn gido ndo tgi hai dia bdn gdm phudng vd I xa Tgi moi dia ban chpn chiia vd liy mau theo dgng mau ti?n lpi ddi vdi Phdt til den chua Mau khdng tdn gido duac liy tgi cimg phudng, xa noi liy mau Phdt gido 2.1 Vi nguyin nhan di li Hinh NguySn nhSn di le cua hai nh6m ni@n khao sdt Do cuOc sins nhiiu dau Do truy^ thing gia dinh Ich6, bat trie Do ban bi nl di Do mu^ du xin m(t vifo glchot^nhllnv&giBdlnh Nguon: Khao sdt cua de tai tai Ha Noi 2017 Khao sdt cua dd tdi tgp trung tim hieu nguyen nhdn phd bi jn ddi vdi hanh vi di le la: cupc sdng nhidu khd khdn bit trdc; traydn thdng gia dinh; bgn be ni di; va mudn ciu xin mpt vide gi cho ca nhan va gia dinh Kdt qud khao sat ttinh bdy Bidu cho thay, hai nguydn nhan co ty Id lira chpn cao nhit d cd hai nhdm Id truyen thong gia dinh (38,9% vd 40,1%) vd mudn cdu xin mpt vipe gi cho ca nhan vd gia dinh ' Bat liucmg niy c6 th^ UL Mt hmmg Ph4t, c6 the chi 14 c4c bit huong gia tien v i thSn linh Nguyen Thj Minh Nggc 53 (70,5% vd 50,8%) Nhu vgy Id cd sy khae bift gifta nhdm nidn Ph$t tft vd nhdm nidn khdng phai la tui di tdn gido vi nguyen nhdn di ll tgi ca sd thd ty, nhdt Id nguyen nhan mong mudn cdu xin mgt sy trg giup cho cd nhdn va gia dinh Diiu ndy cho thay nien Id Phat td cd niim tin vdo sde mgnh phft trg cua chu Phdt nhiiu hon so vdi nidn khdng Id tin tdn gido Bgn be ru rd eiing Id nguydn nhdn ddng ki dSn din vifc nidn di Id, vd biin d nhdm nien khdng tdn gido (31%) han d nhdm nien Id Phgt tu (26,8%) Khd khdn bit trdc cuf c sdng cftng Id mdt nhftng ly khien nhiiu nien thye hifn hdnh vi di li tim eho dya tinh thdn Cd sy khde bift ldn gifta hai nhdm nidn Id Phgt tu vd nien khdng Id tin tdn gido vi Iy di le ndy,ti:ongdd, ty If nien Id Phgt tft dua nguyen nhdn la 29,5%, cao hon ban nhdm nidn khdng Id tin dd tdn gido (13,7%) Bing 1, NguySn nhSn di ll cOa ni£n phSn theo ton giio vk d$c diem ci nhan Dan Vf: % Dja bin Npi Ngo^ii thinh thinh Nh6m Ph$t giio: Do cuoc sSng nhi^u dau kh6, bit bic Do truydn th6ng gia dinh Do b^n b6 rii di Do mu6n cau xin mOl viec gl cho ci nhin, gia dhih N Khong tdn giio: Do cu$c s6tlg nhieu dau kh6, bit bac Do tmyen th6ng gia dbih Do ban bd ru di Do mu6n can xin m$t viec gl cho ci nhin, gia dhih N Gi6i tinh Nam Ntt Tuoi Hoc V&l 15-22 23-29 STHPT Tr«n THPT 31,9 36,2 23,4 27,1 41,7 30,2 31,7 43,3 35,0 28,5 36,9 23,1 23,9 33,8 26,8 35,5 40,9 28,2 32,7 40,8 27,6 26,1 37,0 26,1 17,0 99 46,9 101 30,0 63 33,1 137 39,4 78 25,4 122 31,6 103 32,6 97 16,5 41,2 33,0 11,0 39,0 29,0 13,3 47,0 38,6 14,0 35,1 25,4 14,7 42,2 23,9 12,5 37,5 39,8 12,7 42,5 28,4 15,9 34,9 36,5 53,6 100 48,0 100 45,8 84 54,4 116 52,3 109 48,9 91 50,7 136 50,8 64 Ngudn: Khdo sal ciia de tdi tgi Hd N^i, 2017 Cd s\r khde bipt giiia cdc nhdm nidn ve nguydn nhdn di ll (Bdng 1) Ddi vdi nidn Id Phgt til, so sdnh nhdm nidn npi thdnh vd ngoai thdnh, s\r khde bipt ldn d nguydn nhan: di le la bgn be ni di (23,4% va 30,2%) vd di le Id mong mudn ciu xin mdt vi$c gi cho ban thdn vd gia dinh (17% va 46,9%) So sanh giiia nidn nam vd nir Id Phgt tir, s^ khde bipt ldn d nguyen nhdn truydn thdng gia dinh (43,3% vd 36,9%) vd bgn be (35% va 23,1%) Su khde bipt ldn nhit giOa hai nhdm tudi Id d nguyen nhdn cupc s6ng nhieu khd khdn bit trdc (23,9% vd 35,5%) vd mudn ciu xin mpt vide gi cho bdn than vd gia dinh (39,4% vd 25,4%) Hai nhdm trinh dd hpc vin Clia nidn Phgt tu khdng cd sv khac bipt qud ldn vd nguyen nhan di le Svr khac bipt ldn giiia hai nhdm npi va ngoai thdnh theo chieu hudng nidn Phdt til ngoai 54 Hdnh vi di le chiia ciia nien Hd Ngi hi?n thdnh ed ty If di le bgn be ru di cao han nien Phat tft ngi thdnh cho thay tdc dgng efta mdi quan hd xd hdi, md cy thd d ddy Id quan hf bgn bd, din hdnh vi tdn gido cua nien Phdt tft ngogi thdnh Id ldn hom nidn Phdt tft ngi thdnh Sy khde bift ldn gifta hai nhdm tudi cua nien Phdt td theo chiiu hudng nhdm tuoi 23-29 cd ty If lya chgn nguydn nhdn di Ie cuf c sing gdp nhiiu khd khdn, bat trdc cao hom nhdm tudi 15-22 cho thdy nhdm tudi 23-29 la nhdm tuii thyc sy phdi bdt ddu cudc sing ty l^ip vd hg cdn sy trg giup cua tdn giao Diiu thi hifn nhu c^u tdn gido cua nhdm tudi 23-29 la cao hom nhdm tuoi 15-22 Vdi nhdm nidn khdng thudc tin di tdn gido, khdng cd sy khde bift qud ldn vi nguyen nhdn di le gifta khu vuc ngi vd ngoai thdnh Hai nhdm nam vd nu cd sir khde bift ldn d cdc nguydn nhan: truydn thing gia dinh (47% vd 35,1%), bgn bh (38,6% va 25,4%), mudn clu xin mgt vide gi eho bdn than vd gia dinh (45,8% va 54,4%) Hai nhdm tudi cd su khac bift ldn d nguyen nhdn bgn bd (23,9% vd 39,8%) Hai nhdm trinh hgc vin khdng cd sy khac bidt ldn Sy khde bift ldn gifta hai nhdm nam vd nft d nguyen nhdn truydn thdng gia dinh vd bgn be vdi ty If eao nghidng ve nam eho thdy hdnh vi di le eua nam nien chiu tdc dgng cua yiu to ben ngoai nhu gia dinh va ban be nhiiu hon nft nidn, dd yiu t i gia dinh ed sy ehi phdi mgnh md hem yiu to bgn bd thay vi hdnh vi di le duge ehi phdi bdi nhu cau tdm linh nfi tgi cua ca nhdn Sy khac bift ldn gifta hai nhdm tuii d nguyen nhan di le sy tdc dfng efta ban be vdi chiiu hudng nhdm tudi 23-29 ed ty If cao hom cho thdy d nhdm tuii dnh hudng bgn be ehi phii manh md din hdnh vi tdn gido cua hg Nhdm tudi ndy cung Id nhdm tudi da phkn dd kit thuc thdi ky hgc tdp, bdt ddu ddi mdt vdi euge song df c lgp Gia dinh la mgt yeu td quan trgng mgi quyet dinh cd nhdn, song ca nhdn thuc sy bude vdo cufc sing xd hgi, nhihig tdc nhdn xd hfi, nhftng quan hf xd hgi trd ydu td quan trgng ddi vdi hg Hanh vi cd nhdn giai dogn ndy chiu dnh hudng nhieu cua cde mdi quan hf xd hdi, dd bgn be Id mft ngudn von xd hgi cd tac dgng manh mS den ca nhan Nhu vgy, di li la vi euf c sdng cdn nhidu vdt vd khd khdn, chua dygc togi nguyfn hay vi mong eau nhihig dieu tdt lanh cho ban than minh va gia dinh deu cho thdy nien thye hifn hanh vi di le vdi mong mudn nhdn duge sy ehe chd, phu hf cua cdc ddng thdn linh Phgt giao Em di li Id di cdu mong dug^c su che cha cua chu Phdt vd Bd Tdt Cugc song qud nhieu dp lue ndng ne, em cdn mgt s^r gidi tod Cd mdi em edm thdy chai vcri khong Idi thodt em lgi len chua cdu Phgt Cdu Phgt xong, it nhdt tdm em thdn Nha v^V md cd liic em thdy minh thong minh han de gidi quyet nhiing rdc r6i Clia minh (Nft, 26 tuii, ldm nghi ty do) Cdm gidc binh an, thdn ciing la cam giac da so ngudi di le chfta nhgn duge sau ldn chua ciing Phdt ndn day cung la ly di le cua nhieu nidn Hd Nfi hifn Nguyen Thj Minh Nggc 55 Em chua co quy y, thi thoang di li de cd dugrc su thdn Em cUng khdng thuang xuyen di li Vdo chiia, khung cdnh chiia rdi thi minh li Phdt ldm cho minh quin di duac nhitng uc chi md xd hpi bin ngodi mang lgt (Nft, 24 tudi, nhdn vidn vdn phdng) Kit qua khdo sdt cho thay, 79,5% nidn Id Phdt td vd 52,3% nidn khdng tdn gido cdm thdy binh an sau di ll; 66,8% nien la Phdt tft vd 42,1% nidn khdng tdn giao cdm thay thdn sau di le; 67,9% nidn la Phgt td vd 56,3% nidn khdng tdn gido cdm thay thodi mdi sau di le Kit qud phdn dnh cdm nhdn tieh eye cua nien ddi vdi hdnh vi di ie vd nd cung khdng dinh chfte ndng an dinh tinh thdn cua Phdt gido Nhdm nidn la Phdt tft cd ty Id thu duge cdc cdm giae tich eye di le eao hon nhdm nien khdng phdi Idti'ndd tdn gido Di le de cd duge sy yen tam ve euge sdng ban thdn ndi ehung hay ydn tdm vi mgt vdn de quan trgng trudc mdt cua bdn thdn cho thdy nidn chua tu tin vdo sy quyet dinh cua bdn thdn, vd sy phu trg cua chu Phdt, Bd Tdt cd tdc dung gia tang tinh ty tin dd Niem tin rdng cd mft thd lyc thidng bdn canh img hf, cftng ehung sde tao eho hg mft sftc mgnh vd hinh di tu tm budc tidp theo nhftng gi minh da chgn Mdi cd viee quan trgng thi em di le chiia edu Phgt Em ndi ro v&i Phdt vi$c em dinh ldm vd xin chu Phdt, Bd Tdt phu h0 Cong vi$c em nhiiu rui ro Cdu Phdt gia h0 khiin em thdyyin tdm han nhiiu (Nam 29 tudi, kinh doanh nhd) 2.2 vi muc dich di li Myc dich di le hien cua nien chu yiu hudng din nhimg gia tri tran thi thay \a gid tri xudt thi Mue dich khdng dinh tinh thi tue eua Phat gido bdi cdnh xd hgi hifn dai Thi tuc hda di cgp din tdm quan trgng cua vife gidm bdt vai trd gidi lugt vd nghi thfte tdn gido hogt ddng hdng ngdy eua cd nhdn vd nhdm Trong bdi cdnh xd hgi hifn dai, thi tuc khdng cdn duge nhin nhdn nhu sy mdt di cua tdn gido ma duge nhin nhgn dudi gdc do: thft nhdt, sy suy gidm quyin lyc tdn gido ddi sdng cd nhdn, the hifn d sy giam sut niim tin tdn gido cd nhdn, gidm sut sy tham gia cdc hoat ddng tdn gido cd nhdn Thft hai, tdn giao hda nhap vao xa hfi Sy hod nhdp Phdt gido va xa hgi thi hifn trdn nhiiu ehieu canh, vife Phgt giao dap ling nhu cau cufc sdng trdn the eho tin dd la mft bidu hifn Myc dieh di le chfta cua nhiiu nidn hifn la cdu sue khoe va binh an cdu khdn cho bdn thdn vd gia dinh mgnh khde, cugc sdng gia dinh hanh phuc Tiin tdi vd cdng danh su nghiep Ngodi cdn di cho tinh tdm, de thodi mdi ddu dc (Nam, 21 tuoi, sinh vidn) Kit qud khdo sat cung eho thay nien d ca hai nhdm nidn Id Phdt tft vd nien khdng tdn gido cd ty If lya chgn cao d myc dich di le dd cau sde khde, binh an, nhdm nidn la Phgt tft cd ty If cdu bmh an cao ban cau sue khde (khodng ehenh Ifch thdp), ngugc lgi nhdm nidn khdng tdn giao cd ty If edu sftc khde eao 56 Hmih vi di li chiia ciia niin Hd Ngi hi?n hon nhidu so vdi cdu bmh an Ddi vdi cdc tieu chi cau edng vife may mdn, cdu tinh duydn, clu gia dinh dm tham, cdu phdt tai thi yiu td gia dinh duge ddt len trdn cho cd hai nhdm nidn Phdt tft vd nidn khdng tdn giao, nien khdng tdn gido cd ty If cao ban nidn Phdt tft (55,6% vd 49,5%) Thanh nien khdng tdn gido cd ty If di ll cku phdt tai eao hom hdn tiianh nien Phdt tft (35,4% vd 18,9%) Ty If cdu tinh duyen eua nidn khdng tdn gido cung cao hon nidn Phgt tft (24,7% vd 20,5%), Ket qud dd cho thdy nidn khdng tdn gido cd niim tin mang tinh thi tye/niim tin nhgp thi nhiiu hon so vdi nidn Phdt tu Hinh Myc dich c^u xin di le cua niSn • Ph|t giao • Khdng ton giao -75,3 74,2 M^nh khde Binh an Coi^ vi^c may miln Tinti duyen Gia dinh em am Ph^ ti Nguon: Khdo sdt ctia de tdi lgi Hd Noi, 2017 Didu dd duge chi nghidn ciiu cua Trinh Thi Tuyit (2017: 67) Nghien cihi cda Hoang Thu Huang cung cho cftng kit qua vi myc dich cua ngudi di le chua tgi Ha Nfi, bdi nd the hifn mong mudn ehung vd nhihig khat vgng cufe sdng hdng ngdy "Myc dieh chung nhdt ddi vdi hdu hdt nhiing ngudi di le chua Id cdu sde khde, tdi lgc va cdng danh Day la nhftng nhu cau hit sftc phd bidn cua eon ngudi ndi ehung" (Hodng Thu Huang, 2012:21) Hudng din cdu mong mgt didu gi dd cy thd cho bdn than vd ngudi than Id myc dich phd bidn cua ngudi di le chua khdng chi rieng nien Thanh nidn Id nhdm tudi cdn nhidu mong cau, nhieu ehdng chdnh cd cufe song cd nhan va sy nghifp, diiu de ly gidi vi myc dieh di chfta cua nhdm ndy chu yeu hudng vi nhihig gid tri tlii^t thyc eua euge sdng hdng ngdy nhu binh an, sftc khoe, cdng danh hay tdi lgc Bdn eanh do, mgt sd bgn trd mong mudn duge tiip thu hgc hdi tri thdc Phat gido qua moi lan di chua dc dp dyng nd vdo cudc sdng hang Diing la em khdng chi dan thudn di li thdng thu&ng (md) em muon ldm minh co the hgc du^c nhiiu han de dp dt^ng vdo cugc song (Nam, 28 tuii, gido vidn day nhgc) Nguyin Thj Minh Nggc 57 Mft so nien khde di chfta vi long men mg dgo Phgt vd ed niim tin vdo Phgt phdp Hdi cdn nhd em rdt thich chiia, thich theo bd di li Hdi nhiing ndm em cdn 8-9 tudi Tit sa thich rdi thi din v&i tudi nhdn thuc duge thi minh ed niim tin, niim tin cgng v&i y thuc hi nd si tgo cho minh nuang tva vi tdm linh, cdng v&i cdc diiu thi la cho em thich dgo Phdt, thieh di chua g (Nam, 29 tudi, hudng ddn vidn du lich) Cho du di chua Id sd thich tft nhd va den vdi chfta vi niim tin vdi dgo Phdt thi ban than ca nhdn ndy cung cd sy muu eau d Phdt phdp nhftng muc dich hudng vi cufe sing hang ngay, nhung sau xa yiu td tdm linh, dfng ca tam linh van la nhdn td ehu yiu nhdt eua hdnh vi di Id chua Thifc rg thi tuc Id em cu cdm gidc nhu ngu&i minh, ngi It^c bdn thdn la dd cd sdn mot edi gi ddy tie thdi thuc tijr hu&ng minh din chiia, din, nhiing nai tdm linh Cdn cdi ben ngodi tde dgng vdo cdng l&n din dg tudi 14-15 di hge di thi cdn ed mgt chd dua tdm linh Id cdu eho hgc hdnh thudn lgi, edu may mdn Thi dd Id cdi ben ngodi vd cdi ben ddn t&i vi^c la em cd may mdn gdn bd v&i dgo Ph^t Id tic nhiing ndm em 8-9 tudi, thi cdng l&n thi y thuc h4 vd tu tdn gido tin nguang nd phdt triin han vd minh va chgm v&i nhieu ngu&i han thi di chua minh ldm gi, minh le minh phdi ldm gi, thi minh cdng yiu dgo Phgt han, vd qua tudi dgy thi vd lgp gia dinh vd di ldm thi thdy duac la nd Id phdn khdng thi thiiu dugrc cua cugc song Id phdn vgt chdt vd mat tinh thdn (Nam, 29 tudi, hudng dan vien du Hch) Nhu cdu di le, hay din vdi Phgt giao di dat gidi thodt d kiip sau, vi edi Niit Bdn, nhdm nidn khdo sdt cd rdt it nidn lya chgn myc dich ndy Nhu edu din vdi dgo Phdt cua nidn dat vdn di cho Phdt gido xd hgi hifn dgi la dap ftng nhu eau cua euge sing hang Hudng din ddi sdng the tuc Id mft nhifm vy eua Phgt gido duang dgi, vdy, chl chu trgng din tinh nhdp thi ma xa rdi tinh xuat thi ciing khdng phdi la mue dieh cuoi eiing cua Phdt gido hifn dgi hod Thich Nhdt Hanh (2010) cho rdng Phdt gido hifn dai hod cdn phdi di vdo cudc ddi nhung khdng di cugc ddi lam gidm mat di nhiing ddc tinh sieu vift eua nd Chinh vi hifn dgi hda, Phdt gido khdng mdt di nhftng gid tri nguydn bdn ndn cd nhftng bgn tre cd duyen cimg Phdt phdp ydu men dgo Phdt tft nhd md den vdi Phdt giao Diiu ndy khdng dinh sy thu hut eua Phdt gido bdi nhung gid tri dieh thye cua nd van hifn tdn That em co long tin v&i Phdt tic ndm em len tudi ca, thi ngdy xua em xem phim cd phim Tdy Du Ky nd cd hinh dnh d?p nhdt md em biit Id hinh dnh Quan dm Bd Tdt thi hinh dnh ngdm vdo ngu&i cua em thi din Chiia hinh tugmg nd rdt d?p, gdn gUi, linh thieng vd em cd thi dira vdo dd duge ddy la ndm em tudi, sau do hgc hdnh, cdng vi^c nen em cUng khdng cd th&i gian, nhimg sau len dgi hgc em m&i bdt ddu tim din nhiing ngoi chiia di biit rdng tgi ngdy xua lgi cd nhu the vd minh muon den chiia nhu v^ (Nam, 27 tuii, ky su) 58 Hdnh vi di le chiia cua niin Hd Ngi hi^n 2.3 Ve cdch thirc di le Cdch thftc di Id duge the hifn qua nhidu hanh vi khde nhu trang phye di ll, cdch thuc sdm dd ll, quy trinh ll tgi chua Cdeh thuc di le eho chung ta nhiiu chi bao vi niim tm tdn gido, nhgn thuc tdn gido cua ngudi di ll Mgt sd ehl bao cdeh thftc di le the hidn rat ro tinh muc dich eua ngudi di le Di le chua, thyc hidn cdc nghi Id tgi chda Id mft hinh thftc giao tiep vdi chu Phdt, Bd Tdt, cdc dii tugng thieng duge thd eiing tgi chua So ddng nidn di le thyc hifn hdnh vi nhu trdn dd phdn tich Id dd mong eau sy binh an, thdn, cdu xin sy phd hg mft diiu gi dd cho ban than vd gia dinh; hay cau xin nhung gi true tiip gdn lien vdi cudc sdng hdng ngdy efta hg nhu tiin tdi, cdng danh, tinh duyen Dd qua trinh giao tiep vdi the gidi linh thieng cua Phdt giao duge tien hanh, dieu ddi hdi ddu tidn ddi vdi ngudi di le la thai trang nghiem, tdn kinh Didu ndy duge the hidn trudc hdt qua trang phuc Trang phuc di ll duge eoi la phdi trang nghiem Nhidu eo sd thd ty ddu cd bien quy dinh "khdng mdc vdy ngdn, quan sooc vao chfta" Thuc ti, qua quan sdt, chftng tdi thdy rdng hifn van cd nien mae vay ngdn den chfta, mft sd khde mde khdng tay (sat nach) Da sd, nidn cd nhdn thftc dung dan ve trang phye vdo ehua Chiia Id nai linh thieng, khdng thi mudn mgc the ndo thi mgc cd Dung nhdt thi phdi qudn ddi, ddi tay; khdng thi eUngphdi coc tay; vdy thi nen vdy ddi hay dgng cong s&; khdng nin vdy ngdn, qudn sooc Mac khdng nghiem chinh Id thdt le v&i chu Tdng, ehu Phdt (Nft, 24 tudi, nhdn vidn kinh doanh) Nhftng ngudi dn mac dung quy each edm thdy phdn cdm ehiing kiin nhflng nien mac trang phye hd hang vao ehua Thi tdi mgc qudn ddi, phdng hay sa mi thdi Nhung tdi thdy cdc cd cdu niin bdy gia hay mac vdy ngdn, cd nhiing cd cdn mgc nguyen bd dd & nhd din chiia Cdc gnh thi mac qudn sde, nhin nd khdng h(/p mdt ti ndo (Nft, 29 tudi, budn bdn nhd) Trang phye khdng diing quy each dam bdo sy tdn nghidm nai efta Phgt bi coi la ldm mdt di khdng gian linh thieng cdn thiit, vd nhu vgy nd sd anh hudng tryc tidp tdi hifu qud eua vifc di le hay hifu qua dgt duge gia tri mong mudn Tuy nhien, tdn gido mang lgi nhftng gid tii vd hinh, gid tii trg giup tmh thin nen khdng dinh tinh hifu qud cua di li chua tdi cufe song hifn hihi bdng nhftng gid tri lii?n hihi Id diiu khdng thi thyc hifn Do vdy, cho du da si nien vdo chua da -y thdc duge nhihig quy dinh vi hang phye thi van cdn mgt sd nidn dn mdc tifn, khdng diing quy cdch ddi vdi ngudi di le chua Ty If nft mdc trang phye khdng dung quy djnh vdo chua nhiiu ban nam Nhdm nidn la Phat tft ludn cd trang phye diing quy each vdo chiia Nhdm nidn khdng phdi la tin dd tdn gido van cdn mdc trang phye khdng dung quy edch Dd ll la mdt yiu td quan trgng cua vifc di le Do le eung phdn dnh duge phdn ndo myc dich eua ngudi di Id Hifn khdng cd quy dinh di chua phdi mang theo dd Ie gi Qua Nguyen Thj Minh Nggc 59 quan sat, cd thd thdy nien di ll chiia thudng dat ll tai cae ban gdm: huang, hoa, qud vd them vao Id vdng md, tiin am phd Bdn cgnh dd, t^ If ngudi ddt tiin len hucmg dn thd Phdt, Bo Tdt ngdy cdng cd xu hudng gia tdng Nhu vgy, dd le cimg cd sy thay dii theo thdi gian Ngdy nay, tiin dang tr& thdnh mdt logi dd li m&i Niu nhu trudc ddy, tien Id chi dimg de bd vdo hdm cdng dftc, thi hifn nd lgi xudt hidn tren huong dn vdi tu cdch Id mft loai ll Hai logi hinh le bien nhdt duge nien lya ehgn di ll chua la huong vd tiin le Di ll neu Id hoa qud, bdnh k?o hay cdc v$t pham khae thudng duge d?t vdo dia, tiin le thudng duge d|it tryc tiip ldn ban thd hodc gai vdo hoa qud dia le Tien Id ed thi duge sd dung dong thdi eung dd le nhung ciing cd thi duge coi Id mgt hinh thfte tiiay thi cho di le (Trinh Thi Tuyit, 2017: 58) Dd le duge d^t vdo dia thi hifn y thfte vi sy ddng ll cua ngudi di ll, di clu xin mgt cdi gi cho ban than Mam le the hifn tinh muc dich cao efta ngudi di ll Huang, hoa, qud, bdnh, k^o duge dung lam le ca bdn thi hifn sy bdo luu cae gid hi vdn hod truyin thong cua Phdt giao Nhieu ngudi di le chua chd trgng nhiiu hon vifc ddt ll tgi ban Tam Bdo Mdi sdp li tdi thu&ng chii y ban Tam Bao th& Phdt bao gia cting Id to nhdt nin neu cd chudn bi nhieu le di bdy ede ban thi tdi thuang sdp sda cho ban Tam Bdo d?p vd trang trgng nhdt (Nft, 29 tuoi, nhan vien vdn phdng) Sy chd trgng ddt ll tgi ban Tam Bdo thd hifn myc dich cua ngudi di le ehu yiu mong cdu sy phd trg tft Chu Phdt Tdi chua ciing Phdt vd hg d^t trgng tam vdo Phgt Hg tin rdng Phgt che ehd, mang lgi cho hg sy binh an Vifc sft dyng tiin mdt nhu mft thu dd le ehi mdi xult hifn thdi kinh ti thi trudng Nd biiu hifn mgt quan nifm mdi vi dd le Tuy nhien day van chi d giai doan ehuyin giao ndn tidn mdt ldm dd le ddi cdn bj iSn If n vdi tiin edng ddc Tuy Id logi hinh dd ll mdi nhung nd duge ddng ddo ngudi di ll hudng ung Xudt phdt tft nhu eau ndy, ede mdt hang duge bay bdn tai cdc qudy hdng ngodi cdc m$t hdng thdng thudng thi gid ddy dS xudt hifn dich vy ddi tiin Id Tai vgy? Do cd qud nhiiu hdm cdng due, nhiiu ban thd tai ca sd thd ty khiin ngudi di le khdng thi dat ll tgi tit cd cdc ban thd niu khdng phai Id tiin le Mgt so nien ed nhdn thdc rdt dung ddn vi hdnh vi sft dyng tiin le hong di le ehua Hifn Gido hgi Phdt gido Vift Nam chua cd vdn bdn ndo dd cgp tdi tinh ddng sai cua vifc sd dyng tiin Id nhu mft hinh thdc ll theo quan diim Phdt gido Thdng thudng tiin duge coi Id tiin gigt dlu hay chinh xdc la chut tiin nhd minh chftng sy thdnh tdm tin di mong muin nhd nha chua sft dyng mua huong cung Phat Niu theo nghia dd, tien le khdng phdi Id thft di le ma nd phdi duge bd vdo hdm cdng dftc Nhieu ngudi di le chua hifn edn cd hanh vi nhdt tien vdo tay tugng, gdi ldn dia hoa qud tren ban thd, Idy tiin xoa vdo tugng sau mang tidn dd vi coi Id hinh thfte cau may, eau tdi Tdt ca nhftng hdnh vi sft dyng tien chua duge quy dinh nghi ll Phat gido Mgt sd Phdt tu cho rdng hdnh vi dd la sai trdi, khdng nen thyc hifn 60 Hanh vi di le chita cua nien Ha NQI hien Thuang toi den cong chita mua huang hoa roi vao le Toi khdng mua tien vang am ma toi bo tiin that vao hom cong dice Tai chua nay, nguai ta chen de nhet tiin veto tay tu(mg, xoa bi^ng, xoa chan tay, xoa ddu tuang roi xoa lin mat mUi minh di mong cdu may mdn Do la nhimg hanh dong bdt kinh va sai trdi nhdt (NO, 24 tudi, tdt nghidp dgi hpc dang chd vipe) Hdnh vi sir dung tien le nhu mdt loai hinh dd le hay khdng bd tidn vdo hdm cdng dUc ma dat trdn ban thd, cdi vdo tupng thd hipn su hudng tdi cdc myc dich nhdp the ciia ngudi di ll Quan sdt cho thiy, mdt sd nidn vita thyc hien bd tidn vdo hdm cdng dilc hay ddt tidn vdo dia dvmg tifa tren ban thd, vira cdi tidn vdo dia ll mang tdi Tien dupe cai vao dia dd le sau ndy dupe cdm vd va coi Id tidn Idc mang lai may mdn tdi Idc cho ca nhan Hdnh vi mang dd Ie vdo chiia, dgt ih ll trdn ban thd theo quan sat nil thuc hi^n nhidu hon nam Vd cdch thUc hdnh le, hay trinh tu thyc hdnh di le qua quan sat cila chiing tdi cho thiy nhidu nidn di Id chiia chua thuc hidn diing trinh ty hanh le quy dinh Theo Thupng toa Thich Thanh Dup (2002: 194-195), thdng thudng cdch thilc hanh ll thyc hi^n theo ndm bude: 1) Dat ll vdt, thdp huong lam le tgi ban thd Dilc dng; 2) DJt le len chinh dien, thdp hucmg, thinh ba hdi chudng; 3) Thdp huong d tit cd cde ban thd khde cua nha Bdi dudng; 4) Ll d nhd thd td, nhd Hdu; 5) Ddn cdc nhd Trai gidi, phdng tidp khach hdi tham cdc vi su, tdng try tri, ciing dudng hode phat tam cdng diic Da sd nien khdng bidt vd quy trinh hdnh le Quy tde ea bdn nhit la quy tdc di vao chua theo ciia nao hau hdt nidn di le chiia khdng cd hidu bidt diing ddn theo quy dinh cua nhd Phat Cia ehua, tam quan, khdng bao gid dupe di vdo cila chinh Theo quy dinh vao cira bdn phdi cua bdn trai Ngudi di ll chua thudng khdng y thilc vd quy tdc budc vdo chua, thugn the ndo Id ldm thd dd: "Vao chiia thi phdi dd giiy dep d ngoai, tidn cua ndo minh vdo Clia diy" (nil, 29 tudi, nhan vidn vdn phdng) Khdng y thilc quy tdc eiing ll vdo ehua cho thiy nidn khdng chii trpng van hda Phat gido, nguydn tdc umg xu tai chiia Hp ddn chua chi dd thuc hipn muc dieh cd sdn ciia minh dd la cdu xin d chu Phgt phii hd cho nhihig mong cau ciia cd nhdn duac thdnh hipn thuc Dd cao quydn nang chu Phgt cdn dupe thd hipn cdch thirc thyc hanh nghi Ie Cling Bang quan sdt, chiing tdi thdy rdng, nien di le chiia tgi bdt ky ban thd nao deu cd chung mpt dgng cdu khin: ConNa mo A Di Da Phgt, Igy chin phuang trai, muoi phuang chu Phat tinconld xin Phgt phil hq cho du(rc mgnh khoe, cdngvi$c duge tot lanh, cdu tdi die tai, cdu Iqc ddc IQC Tidp dd cd the Id nhihig vipe cy thd nhu: xin dupe thi di^m cao ky thi hpc ky, xin dupe vipe lam Ldi ciu khin ndy the hidn rat rd cdc myc dich di ll da phan tieh d trdn Md diu vd trdn het, bao gid ciing la sy cdu xin binh an, mgnh khde, hai ydu td dupe coi Id then chot mang lgi hanh phdc cho eon ngudi Ke nhihig myc dich muu ciu sy phii hp cho nhihig vin dd cupc song hdng cda bdn thdn vd gia dhih duoc bdy td vdi Chu Phat Quan sat cho thiy, nil thye hipn hdnh vi khin nhidu hom nam Nhidu nam nidn chi thye hipn hdnh vi chdp tay ditng ydn trudc ban thd Phgt rdi Ie ba ll Nguyin Thj Minh Nggc 61 Kit luan Hd Nfi Id mgt nhthig nai cd bi day Hch sft tdm Imh, tdn gido Sy hfi tu ciia nhieu tdn giao, tin ngudng mang lgi cho Hd Nfi mgt ddi sing tam linh da dgng, phong phu, nhiiu mdu sde Nhiiu tdn gido, dd ed Phdt gido, sdm hifn difn vd phat triin mgnh md tgi mdnh ddt ndy Vdi tu edch Id thft Ha Ngi ciing Id nai duqz nhiiu tdn gido lya chgn dgt try sd chinh, diiu hdnh hoat dgng tren todn qude Diiu gia tdng vai hd quan trgng cua Hd Ndi doi vdi ddi sdng tdn gido cd nude Phdt gido dang Id mdt tdn gido cd dnh hudng mgnh me din ddi sing tdm linh cua tin di Phgt gido vd cd nhihig ngudi chua phdi tm di Ddy la tdn gido cd sue dnh hudng mgnh md nhdt vd thu hut sd lugng tin dd ddng nhdt Dap ftng nhu cdu tam linh eua tin dd, Phgt gido qud trinh phdt trien bdn cgnh bdo luru nhftng gid tri truydn thong cd sy biin ddi phu hgp vdi ydu cau nhgp thi cua xd hdi hien dgi Sy thieh ftng cua Phgt gido vdi bdi eanh kinh ti, xa hgi Vift Nam sau ddi mdi tgo sde hut eho Phgt giao khdng chi ddi vdi nhdm trung nien vd ngudi cao tudi nhu trudc kia, md cdn trd ndn hdp dan ddi vdi mdt bg phan khdng nhd nidn Nhu cdu di le eua nidn chu ydu la nhu edu di tim mgt cho dya tinh thdn cho nhftng bdp bdnh cufe sdng trdn thd Thanh nidn it quan tam den nhu cau giai thoat tdi thugng hudng den sy gidi thodt nghifp bdo cho kidp sau duge dg vi mft noi tit lanh (Niit Ban, Tinh Df) Dieu the hifn r6 ly di Id vd myc dich di ll vdi nhftng mong clu sue khoe, cdng danh, tidn bgc, gia dinh hgnh phuc Cd sy khac bift gifta cde nhdm nidn Id Phdt tft va nien khdng tdn gido ve Iy di le, mye dich di ll Tinh nhdp thd cua nhdm nidn khdng tdn gido thi hien rd net hem nhdm nidn Id Phgt tft qua chi bdo ty If di ll de clu nhftng gi eho cugc sing hdn tyc cd nhdn nhu: tdi lgc, tinh duyen cua nhdm ndy cao Hon Cae yen ti noi eu tni, gidi tinh, tudi, trinh dg hge van tgo ndn sy khde bift hai nhdm nien la Phdt tft vd nidn khdng tdn giao ve nguydn nhdn vd mye dieh di ll Cho du cdn cd khde bift, nhidn, mye dich di ll cda ede nhdm nien ddu hudng din muc dich nhdp thd Chinh vi nhung myc dich nhdp the nhu vgy ndn phan ddng nidn din vdi chua khdng phdi la de hgc hdi md Id cdu eiing Tai lieu tham khao HoSng Thu Huang 2012 Chdn dung xd hgi cua ngudi di li chiia (Mgt tiip cgn xa hgi hgc qua trudng hgp ngudi di li chita Quan Sd vd chita Hd, Hd Ngi) Nxb Khoa hpc xS hfi Nguyin Thi Minh Ngpc 2014 Khio s^t thufc de tii Vai trd ciia niim tin tdn gido xdy dipig niim tin xd hgi B5o cio Ol tii nghidn cijru, Vifn Xa hfi hpc Nhat H?nh 2010 Dgo Phdt hiin dgi hod Nxb Vin H6a Thong Tin, Hd NfL Li B6i, bin PDF, https://thuvienhoasen.org/images/flle/ /dao-phat-hien-dai-hoa.pdf Thich Thanh Duf 2002 Tgp tyc vd nghi li ddng huang Nxb Vin h6a Dan tpc Hi Nfi Trjnh Thi Tuylt 2017 Ddc diem vd hdnh vi di li cua sinh vien Hd Ngi hiin Lu?n vin Th^c sTXihfi hpc Hpc vifn Khoa hpc xi hfi  ... Tgp tyc vd nghi li ddng huang Nxb Vin h6a Dan tpc Hi Nfi Trjnh Thi Tuylt 2017 Ddc diem vd hdnh vi di li cua sinh vien Hd Ngi hiin Lu?n vin Th^c sTXihfi hpc Hpc vifn Khoa hpc xi hfi ... nghidn cijru, Vifn Xa hfi hpc Nhat H?nh 2010 Dgo Phdt hiin dgi hod Nxb Vin H6a Thong Tin, Hd NfL Li B6i, bin PDF, https://thuvienhoasen.org/images/flle/ /dao-phat-hien-dai-hoa.pdf Thich Thanh Duf... so nien ed nhdn thdc rdt dung ddn vi hdnh vi sft dyng tiin le hong di le ehua Hifn Gido hgi Phdt gido Vift Nam chua cd vdn bdn ndo dd cgp tdi tinh ddng sai cua vifc sd dyng tiin Id nhu mft hinh