Thi gia việt nam trong vãn tinh di thi hội

THI GIA VIET NAM TRONG VAN TINH DI THI HOI NGUYEN DCPC TOAN'*' Tdm tdt: Viet Nam cung nhu Nhat Ban, Han Quoc, Trieu Tidn, Luu Cau nam khu vyc dfing van ehju anh hudng sau sdc cua van t^, van hda chfi Han Trung Hoa Trong sy giao luu, anh hudng cua van hda Han dd cd mfit sd tho van viet bang chft Hdn ciia cdc tac gia Tmng d^i Vift Nam dugc nhae den va danh gia cao ve nghf thuat ydn chuong thu tjch Tmng Hoa Khi tim )d^uv&thadisu tho bang giao cuacacsir than Viet Nam, chung tdi da tiep can dirge vdi t^p Vdn tinh di ihi hgi ?^Bf- ^i^% cua tac gia Tmng Hoa la Ciic nhan - Tfi The Xucmg, dd cd tuyen van tho cua mft so tac gia Vift Nam Nhung bai dugc suu tap dua vao Vdn tinh di thi hgi dugc danh gia la tieu bieu Tuy mgt sd tac gia da dugc khao cfiu, gidi thifu nhu Phsun_Laip Trai (cd Phgm Lgp Trai tien sinh hdnh trgng khdo), Nguyen De (co Tha cha Hdn Nguyen Be) nhimg chiing tfii van xin dugc gdp nhat nhftng bai tho Tong tdp cua hp Tfi de phien dich lai, mong se bo sung cho nhihig nghien ciru sdu rfng hon tuong l^i Tu khoa : Tho di sfi, tha bang giao, tho doi dap bang giao, chir hau trieu cdng Trung Hoa, tap Van tinh di thi hgi Abstract: Vietnam as well as Japan, South Korea, North Korea, and Luu Cau lies in the same community under deep influence of the Han (Chinese) characters and culture Due to the exchange with and influence from the Han culture there appeared a certain number of poems and other literary works written in Han characters by Viemamese writers in the Middle Age These works of art have been referred to and highly appreciated regarding their literary art in Chinese writings During our study of the tha di su (poems made during diplomatic trips), tha bang giao (diplomatic poems) made by Vietnamese ambassadors, we have collected Van linh di thi hgi ^Bf ^ l ^ g made by Cue Nhdn - Tfi Thl Xucmg, a Chinese writer, in which there were some Viemamese authors The collected writings introduced into Vdn tinh di thi hgi was considered representative works Some of these authors have been studied such as Ph^m Lap Trai (Phgm Lgp trai tiin sinh hdnh trgng khdo, a biography), Nguyen De (Nguyin De's poetry in Han characters) but, still, we would like to introduce them in this collection from Tfi family with the hope of contributing to the studies in more detail later on Key words: Poems made during a diplomatic trips; diplomatic poems; argumentative poems; the dependent countries sending offers to China; Van tinh di thi hgi collection V an tinh di Ihi hoi l « * » i + B , gom 200 quySn, Tir Th6 Xuong bien tap Day la tang ttp smi 38 tuy&a cac tdc pham tho ddi Thanh, j ^ ^ Qujc Bao g6m ca Hoang di '"ThS ViSn Nghien cihi Han Nom THI GIA VI$T NAM TRONG VAN TINH DI THI H0I Than vuong, danh nhan, quan lai, tdng dao, thufc qufic, Tac pham dugc suu tap vdo Tap bg Tyc lu Tu khd todn thu ^i^n^'^-$ ^ Nfii dung bien tap theo thfi tir, bdt ddu tfi vua Khang Hi, den het cac sfi than nude Luu Cdu Suu tdp 5780 tdc gid Trong dd phdn Thuoc quoc a quyen thfi 200 cd suru tdp 19 tdc pham cua 14 nhd tho Vift Nam Ld cac tac gia: Ha Tdng Muc, Nguyen Cdng Hang, Pham Khiem Ich, Pham Lap Trai, Nguyin Hodnh Khuong, Tfing Danh Lang, Le Luong Than, Trdn Dang Dai, Nguyin Chi Tin, Nguyen Bk, Nguyin Huy Oanh, Tran Vdn Trfi, Ngd Thi St, Nguy Khdc Tudn Mfit sfi tdc gia da dugc nghien ciiu sdu rfing vd mpt sd tac gia chua dugc de c?lp den Thfing qua tu lifu tfi Vdn linh di thi hgi, chfing tfii phien dich, gidi thifu 19 tdc pham cua 14 tac gia tren ddng gdp tu lieu tho vdn cfia cdc thi nhan Vift Nam tnmg dai sfi din Kinh su Khi thu tCt o Ngp Mdn Bgn Trdn Dich Hi, Huong Tuyin, Ngfi Canh, Tay Trai^ cung du hdng Hdi thdm mdy ldi, khfing thfing, nen viet chu [dk dam thoai] Tdng Muc xin gidy but dl vilt, ldm bai tho tang cho sfi than Triiu Tien Hucmg Tuyin va Tdy Trai cung nfii viin Tay Trai ciing dai difn sfi thdn Triiu Tien dap tha lai Bdi cd cau: Udm hdi khdch dudi dinh sdng biic Chuc quan goi Dgi Gia khdng" Sdeh Hdu Hdn thu chfi rang: xua Chdu Dai Gia, Id chfic quan coi nam tilp dai tdn khdch d Cao Li, nhu chfic Hdng Ifi ngdy Tfing Muc chinh la chfic quan dy Vifc su gia hai ben rdt la hda hgp" ã(^^^'ã^l$j/vO -fiilillMi^đ #=^đ^^i?iiFằm-gt&f ^ittjfc-^ Dich nghta: T^ng sir than Trieu Tien Ddt rfing, mudn van dam ciJit^rongrufii, Mdi dimg dam thoai mgt ldt thdy chi y rdt ddc bift Dich nghta: Hd Tot^ Myc^ ngudi An Nam Thi tho^i'*, ddi Khang Hy nam thfi 43 (1704), thdng Tdng Muc vdi thdn p h ^ Hfing Lfi tg khanh sung chfic Phd Nhung dao ly tham sau thi xua vin la mft, Le nhae y quan lai ciing cd su tuong ddng phu hgp Sg uy trdi md cac bfin diu kinh cdn hdu chau diing phep 39 TvSlP CHi HAN N M S6 (143) - 2017 NGUY£N D&C TOAN Sai ke si cung vl triiu tu cdnh thinh tri noi vuong hgi Nghe chan tam thi mgt nam nhfing tam vu Nude chay non cao tilng dan cdm xua nhu vpng lai, cap day du, Tren ddi tri dm cd thdy Tfi Ky nfia hay khfing? Dich tho: Trung ngu^n, muon ddm cimg rudi rong Mdi vua dam thogi y chi thong Dgo ly thdm sdu xua vdn mgt, Yquan le nhgc cung luang ddng Kinh uy cdn than chdu dung phep, Sivi triiu ly cdnh thinh Nude chdy non cao cdm xua vong, Mufin nhd lam mufii danh cd, gia Bfin mfia hoa cd cimg phd tuoi t h a J Trd ve, noi cung vua nhu thdy chdn vdn bude len chieu^, Cfing nhu mdt cau chuyfn hay vl sir quan quang nude ldn vay Dich tho: Nuang ddu bien hda ba phen, Viim bang lu cdi Giao nam din gid i Lite kinh chugng, khdc khdng ua, Tri dm cdn co Tu Ky khdng Chdn ldm tdm vu cung vica mdt ^ P t ^ ^ Ldm muoi ddnh cd diu chdm, Cd hoa bdn tiit khoe trdm sdc nhudn Vi rdi nhu thdy luu chdn, Chuyin hciy nude ldn suthdn quan quang iii^Pll^^^i$j° Djch nghta: Nguyin Cfing Hdng^, ngudi An Nam Trinh sir than nude Trieu Tien la Du T^p Nhat, L^ The C3n Bi6i xanh rufng dai biln ddi dd ba ldn, Vifim bang tu cd da d^t cfii phia Giao nam' Ngoai Lyc kinh cung khfing hpc theo dao ndo khac 40 Dich ngjjia: Dia vuc nude d phia dfing, a phia nam cdeh bien nhau, Ke trinh dudng Ifii den hon van dam cddu Uy nghi cdn gift gia ll tu doi Ca tfi, Hpc van cimg si^ ^ sddi va hp Khfing THI GIA VI?T NAM TRONG VAN TINH DI THI H01 Ldm \^tbich Ira thdng sufit Idm cdt yeu, Chang ban gi den thdi no am qua tdm thuang ?& sfi xa rdi mdy Isp cang them nhd nhau, Cd biet ben phia ngai cd nhu ta md nhd chang Dich tho: Dong Nam hai nude each xa, Tinh dudng phdi din du ra^ vgn ddi Ca tu gia le truyin ddi, Q n gifi mft phuang trien tdi kinh Iudn La nude vdn hiin, nen su van vd diu cd uy hudng ve ngufin cd, Quyin hdnh noi cuong vuc dfing tdy diu hudng an huf mdi Thdnh dao tuyen nhu mua mdc tudi nhudn, D I thfic lua tdt tuoi, ngudi phuang xa den Idm khdch phdi nguong trfing Dich tho: Suy ton hgc vdn ciing ldi Khdng Tiryen Trdi cao co y giup tu van Vdn chuang chugng ldi thong truyin Phdn-Tu due chung ndi gidng thdn Chdng bdn gi den sg phien doi no May thude cung ludng them ve dep, Xe xa mdy khudt ddn Mgt phuang gin giu ro kinh ludn Bin nhu cd ddn nhd minh Hien bang vdn vo uy ngudn cd, Cuang viec ddng ldy lgi tdn ii^M Thdnh dgo tiiyen nhudn mua moc Tdl tuai cung ngudng khdch xa gdn • Djch nghta: Phgm Khion Ich"*, ngudi An Nam Ta Khong cong, Tong doc Lirdng Quang Trdi cao cd y gifip tu vdn'' ^ ^ • \ % ^ ^ : ^ ^ - Dich r^hta: Tien bac di dudng thudng theo sfi sach Dpi on n ^ ducc thl \bag, vfi vl dm ngiroi jAiiroi^xa Mach Phdn - Tfi hun due nen, nfii E)ln quan quar^ lgi dugc moi^ dn ban yfinvdi^'^, Mdy thude cung tudng thfim td fiem Say dfic cui^ Iheo lam on thu ti%) Iren chieu qi^ T^P CHi HAN N M SO (143) - 2017 Ggi ldu dfic nhdn nha Chu da k h ^ cd bien xa'"*, Lai vui ve theo If cdng ddi Ha den tan vimg Giang Hodi'^ Loai nhd nhu rau vi ram r ^ bifit bdo dap su vd han ndy, Duy ehue van thp cat tudng nhu Nam Son cd rau dai'^ Dien Iuc bat NGUYEN Ddc TOAN Dich nghta: Tap vinh canh thu ngo^i o Ngodi dfing mdy gian nha don so, Trdi thu cao thdy cd niii xa Anh chieu ta chi cdn nfia sdng, Dl duong tien bgc sd ghi, Cfit mdy nhu cat chia d giiia Dgi an thi dice vd vi ngiedi xa Nude mat nha d dau ddy Quan quang yen bdu ban qua, Nam thdng ddi md khach cdn chua vl Lgm on scry due chieu hoa mdi Nhu cd thl di ma hai thufic, NMn due Chu, khdp mgi nai, Thi cho hdi tham tdi Thuang Nhan^ Vui theo Hg cdng din khai Giang Hd Dich tho: Co vi ddm bdo an xa, Ddng xa nhd cu dan sa, Cid mong vgn thg nhu Id Ncan San Trdi thu thdy cd niii xa cao vdi Chiiu Id nua sdng thdi, SiX^ Cat m^ nhu cdt gida trdi chia Nude mdt cdn ddu nda nhd, Ndm ddi md khdch di xa chua vi Thude lien hdi, biet chddi, Dich n ^ a : Xin cho thdm hoi cd vi Thuang Nhat^' Pham Ldp Trm", ngudi An Nam Theo Thi thoai gia Hilu Son Trung TTiira Uong sach Viet Nam tap lugc^^ suu tap tha cua nhdn st nude dy vdi chuc r^udi Tho Pham Ldp Trai cd cai cdm xuc uu cd qufic'', at la cgu thdn nha Le quyin luyin nude cu vay, the nen dgc bift ghi lgi Dich nghia: Ta long Nuoc cu non song da Idiac roi THI GIA VIET NAM TRONG VAN TINH DI THI HOI Binh^^ liic ddu hanh binh khdng thien triiu, sau noi theo vl, dugc thu phong Vdo nam thfi 54 (1791), nam sau la tilt Nhieu loan phong tran, ke hfi nho van thp 80 cua Cao Tfing^'' bat mdn van Xuong benh khdi^ khiu gdy nhu nui, thp Ben iy trude dd dang tdu xin vao Tam ldng be tfii vdn Idm ban vdi trang cd triiu cdn, tren dac im chilu hfia cho Nen den dau xudn sai sfi den cua khuyet Cd ngudi khi^en ta vui vdi chen rugu, HdifingTam Lfi^ cd tfing say rugu kh&ig? Hoanh Khuong Idm Hinh bd Huu Thi lang sung ldm Chanh sfi ta an, Dfing cdc Dich tha: hpc st Tdng Danh Ldng vd Han Iam vien Cd qudc non song doi hit roi, dai chl Le Luang Thdn Idm phd; Hdn Vudn xua ddu cue nua hoang toi lam vien Thi dfic Tran Dang Dai sung Chanh sfi tiln cfing, Dfing Cac hgc si Menh mang trdi ddt thdn ldm khdch Nguyin Chi Tin vd Han Iam vifn Phong trdn nhiiu logn hu nho thoi Nguyen Be lam phd Quang Binh da du Xuang binh khdng khiu gdy nhu niii, cho Hodnh Khuong, dem chuyfn An Trdng khuya ldm bgn phdn be tdi Nam trade vdi Xiem La cd su dpng binh Lo la sfi Xiem La cd ldi tdu, cd Khuyen minh ldng trdi vui cung rugu, gay ban Dau dudi vdo tau Lai lay cd Hoi cy Tam Lu say nua thdi me minh suy nhugc, sai ngudi di tim mua nhan sdm mang ve Qudng Tay Tudn phfi Tfin Vinh Thanh dem vifc tdu •iti^^it: t ^ 1^ Si iPcTt ^ ^ ^ ^ len, Cao Tfing sdc du voi Quang Binh Id sfi Xiem La khfing tdu su gl, lai ban ^ i^ ^ / x I] :5" #it.^#it^i^lft-iS-ii^ can nhan sdm, sai VTnh Thanh chuyen iL75^^4#it'X^J#;&# tram din Quang Binh Thdng nam ay, Quang Binh den yet kien hdnh tai d Nhift Ha, hanh ll nhdp can vd chuc mimg, on le rdt la trgng hdu Vudn xua ddu cue nfia hoang vu Menh mang trdi ddt, Idm ke trdn trdnh, x fx ^ t ^ 1^4^'i^/v^^x 1)3 r a&i«i ^£?'J-?jc>t>-xi4]^^^-it7t,-f^XiI^j^ Dich nghta: Ngi^en Hoanh Khuong, ngudi An Nam Theo Thi thogi, giiia ddi Can Long, An Nam qudc vuong dd Nguyen Quang 43 TAP CHI HAN N6M so (143) - 2017 Dich nghta: Kinh hoa bai Ngy chl cho sir than cac n u ^ Triiu TiSn, Lmi Cau, An Nam Tiec Idiai Inaxbufii, vua Iuc ^tudnmdi, Ngdy xuan dm isp, vudn ngir chieu gpi cd An nhieu dfi ddc phu ca mufin vat, Hue trgeh Ian rgng khdp mpi ngudi Yeu chu hdu, vd v l ke xa, trdi sinh thdnh nhdn NGUY£N D&C TOAN Dich nghta: Tong Danh Ldng, ngudi An Nam Kinh hpa bai Ngu die cho sii- than cac nirdc Trieu Tien, Luu Cau, An Nam Sdn Nghu^^ ban tfi cho trieu cdn, chua dugc ddy tudn, Bai ta thien an mua mdc nhieu phen Nhu dnh duong xudn khfing ngimg d&i ca vimg khac, Ke bl tdi no dfic thdnh, ngam ve rang ngdi nhu ngudi mg hieu Dimg huf tiadi dl t[gng c^ r^udi d ^ chda Noi ngodi tdm gido hda ciing dugc may theo bfii cdn dai ndy, Ngam trdi trfing may cho thda ldng trfing cha me^^ Noi bien ngoai dugc che chdn an dfic, Idm bdo ddp, Mong chuc cho thdnh hodng nhdn thg mudn tuoi Dich tho: Vua tiil tiic khai liic ddu ludn, Chiiu vdo vudn ngu dm hai xudn An hue cdn tham nhudn din ca xuong da, Nguyfn chuc hoang van thp nhu nfii Tung son.^' Dich tha: An nhiiu dgi due phu muon vdt, Triiu can sdn Nghu sdp du tudn, Hue trgeh rgng ban khdp ddng nhdn Nhiiu phen nam mdc bdi thien an Yin vo ke xa trdi sinh thdnh, Duang xudn vo hgn lan kh^ chdn, Bi ldi no due, kiiu yiu thdn Hui track ban di ddi nhdn Ngodi tdm gido hoa may gap hgi, Xuang da dn hue cdn nhudn tkdm, Thdnh hoang mong chiic thg mudn xudn Trdi mdy trdng ngdm thda ldng tkdn ^-gsg Due dn bien ngogi ldm bdo, Tung cao nguyin chiic tkdnh kodng mudn xudn ^m^ ^El|t^^]8j.^o 44 THI GU VI$T NAM TRONG VAN TINH Dl THI HQI Dich nghta: Dich nghta: Kinh hoa bai Ngu che cho sir than cac nude Trieu Tign, Luu Cau, An Nam Trdi men hoang vuar^ md tudn tiec thp, Thdnh trgeh tung hd chuc mufin tufii Vudn ngu n ^ xudn tnim dm dg) tuoi Yen tiec xudn nfing ^ phuong xa ca ngudi Nhu cac cfing dfing dp chau ve bdc cue, Uy nhan gang tdc nhu thdy ddng tfi thdn Ngdm thinh hgi, mfing dugc du hdng diem noi Minh dudng, Nfii gdt dgi on mua mdc nhan Dich tho: Trdi kodng vuang md tkg ludn, Kinh hpa bai Ngu chl cho su tihan cac nmirc Trieu Ti€n, Lmi Cau, An Nam Them Ngu ddu dgi mfia can mfia ldng may tuan,^^ Dfi nggc bach^^ den cdng dgi mua mdc da nudm nugp, Dfic sang nuoi dudng ddu phdn biet vfing xa nghin dgm Thdn di vfi vl thdn thiet nhu ngudi mgt nha May dugc bfii yen Chu tiep dai ve quang, Gdn chuc chen Nghieu^"* gang tdc rdt than thilt Mdi dgi on siing v l noi nude xa, Cfing dang ldi hoa tfi chuc tung dfic nhdn hoang Dich tho: Tung hd thank trach chuc mudn xudn Tkim Ngu ddu dm miia mdy tudn, Vudn ngg d?p tuai thdi tiit lot, Nggc bgch phuang xa cdng dd gdn Xudn ndngyen dec vienpfntang nhdn Due sdng nudi kkdc ddu nghin ddm Cdc dung ckdu cgc bdc, Vd ve nhdn di tga ngudi tkdn Uy nkan gang tdc ddng tu thdn May bdi Chuyen tkanh quang tiip Thinh kdi Minh dudng mimg duge du, Chuc cken Ngkiiu gdn thoa due tkdn Nude xa mdi dgi dn sung ldn, Cung ddng ldi chic tgng due kodng nhdn 9.1!itjt-ft ^J.;ifei£:5-#^ ' 45 TAP CHi HAN N M SO (143) - 2017 itrii3^-^Pl.^# ' NGUY£N Bdc TOAN Lan Kki ngu gid eung Id cdnh chau tdng thdn phdi an ndu, vdy nen cfi cau Tkii Duang kim nhgt vo nkdn vdn vfy Djch nghta: Nguyin Chi Tin, ngudi An Nam Kinh hpa bai Ngiir che cho sir than cac nude Trieu Ti£n, Liru C4u, An Nam Ngdy hoa tuoi dep, gdp tilt vgn thp, Chen xuan chdn, chfic tiec dong vui Phuang xa vung cd voi^', dem ngpc lua chdu dip vuang hgi, Yin huou thit dai^^, dan an ldng ngudi phuang xa Trfing cho vdng thai duang nam thang chieu hoi dm nen van vat, Chau thifin trieu may lgi thda Idng dugc tfin thdn Ve nam nguyen cac bale nguyen lao, Sdm d&i them dan trdng diic bdc chi nhan 10 R^;! Dich nghta: Kinh hpa bai N ^ chl cho sir than cac nirdc Triiu TiSn, Luu Cau, An Nam Thieu quang chin chuc vfia dfi hai tudn^, Vudn oanh yen thi bdo tin xuda Rufii sao, rong xe gifi cuong ma theo hdng din dien trdu, Ao qudn mdy tu chiem bai thdnh nhan Clii trdng ddng anh qudn dfic cao ^ flip, Mdi hay maih ldn d chd kinh ngudi than^ Chirong vangdiifiu n ^ c dn Idn phfi kh^i, Vung sfing Ld, nui Tdn^^ khdn xiet bdo dap, dpi theo ddu nhdn Dich tho: Djch nghta: Nguyin DI^^, ngudi An Nam Theo Tki thogi, dl thdi Cdn Ldng, ham Hdn Idm sung Phd cdng sfi Ddu ddi Gia Khdnh Igi phimg mfnh sang chdu, dd thdng Binh bg td khanh, tude Nghi Thanh hau Vfin Id ddng cfing thdn nha Le Khi nhd Nguyen dugc ngfii, dfii hg theo phung su Ldi tha bai Ife 46 Thieu quang chin chuc dii kai tmn Vudn oankyin bdo tin xudn Rudi sao, rong ldi diin triiu lain, Mdy tyy quan bdi tkdnh nhdn Mong ddng anh qudn due ddc thg, Thuc hay minh ldn kink ngudi thdn Chuang vdng chiiu nggc dn phU Ididp, Nui Tdn dong Ld dgi ddu nhdn THI GIA VIETNAM TRONG VAN TINH Dl THI HQI Tkdn tdm viec the duang vdy Tkdi ca rui mat tkdy chdng Id Thii Duang chuydn cU md Di Ti hdi co cho qua trgn ddi n.l5c## ^^%^^^^^ Dich nghla: Nghi ff Dong Son, nglu nhifin nh* den ban chai su^i Lan Khe^^ Vung Dong L6^* xe qua cdnh mua tuyet bay, Nglu nhien nho ngudi bgn cau ca bfin ghenh da Vfia bang hiiu, vfia anh em, tinh kit giao rat hgp, (Ngudi ddnh ca vdi tdi kiem tinh vua anh em vua ban be, nen tdi ggi IkNkiludnf^ Nhung hai ben, liic ciing Iuc dat, sd menh lai khac Chdng xet cai su sai khiln than xdc ganh vac vifc ddi Lam md rui mdt ^ flidy dugc thdi CO Chuyfn Thfi Duong xua, cd mang hdi Da de Di Te (S hdi cd vi het rdi Diln luc bat: gua vimg Ddng Ld tuyet bay Anh em bdng hitu tink ndng Ke cimg ngudi dgt mdc vong vdn xoay Dich nghta: Nguyen Huy Odnh''°, ngudi An Nam De vach d Trac Chau^' Tfi xa mudn dam vang mang dfi quy, chilu thu din, Trude ddu ngua, may khdi cdn van quanh md Tlii vd khadi cdn phai va, nhung kin dao, Mang ve dugc trgn hai chir binh an Dich tho: Chiiu thu qui dudng ddi Tui vd, kin lg thudng, Bink an kai chu ckdc mang trd vi 12 i^xm TAP CHi HAN NOM SO (143) - 2017 NGUYEN Dire TOAN Dich nghia: Dich nghta: Trdn Van Trfi''^, ngudi An Nam Dap I^i sir gia sach phong cua Thien trieu Thim ngpc chilu vua ban, dfi tdi hoa, Tfi xa nai Thien Han"", theo thuyen den noi Dudr^ dich sfi ddi ddc mdi khdi hanh''^, Tho hoa ba trdm bdi^ Igi phdt sinh ke cii Tiong long tiu [ ^ mufin dda m%^ sac sd, Tren giay nhu ngung kit nhDng dda hoa tuyet sau cdnh Trfi nhihig bdc nhu Nguyen Bach"" ddi Thinh Dudng ra, Trang nha ldi hay, tur^ tfi hoa If, Dau de tdm nhan gian goi Id khdch A Man'^ Xua ngudi & trude md mai^ dio ngudi disau, Cdm tg cai tri tue vo hgn ddn ddt cho cai ban the hihi han^' Ngdng ve cfia khuyet, mong chuc ddu cdn chua bgc myet, Trfing xufing ddm bui fidn, cdng thdy mat minh sinh hoa Tlian ma hda dugc thdnh nhan d Hdnh Son^° Thi bay bac hay bay nam cfing deu la Tren Tao (^thdy mdy ngudi tu 1^ flidnh nhdca Djch tho: ^dfipc Ldi trang nhd, tu li koa, Dich tho: Chieu vua dien nggc ldm tdi hoa, Ckdng kiim nkdn tki ggi Id A Man Thiin Hdn trdi cao xudng coi xa Ngudi sau nkd trude md mang Su trinh ddng dgc lin dudng sdm, Tri Id vd hgn thdn dang him ky Ba trdm bdi cUphdl ki Trdng kkuyel chiic, tdc thank li, Mudn dda mdy tuai long tru pkdt, Phdn tdi bui ngdng mdt tki sinh hoa Tuyet sink sdu cdnk gi^ ngimg koa Hdnk San hda nhgn bay xa Tncnhdf^ThinhDudt^nhuNgfiyenBach Kki Nam kki Bdc Id nkd mgi nai Tao ddn may ke lu ikdnk gia 13 %H^ iigo-;f>0^ffl3£f ° jib4-fc''(Wai^' THI GU VIET NAM TRONG VAN TINHDI THI HQI :¥-^*.^-^ ° Dich nghta: Dich nghia: Nguy Khdc Tudn^, nguoi Viet Nam Ngd Thi St^', ngudi An Nam Choi dpng Luc Van Chieu ngSm song Gianh Xa xdi ddng nude hgp chdy, Cao vdi nfii biec bgc ddng nude xanh, Gid nfii sdng triiu nude bien thfing Ciia dpng quanh CO nhui^ cdy, ddy bam Bju sa, dudng thdn phu xanh biec, Vach da tao hda gay cfing Idieo tgc deo, Sdng cufin anh chilu mat trdi hdng Canh u, cho ngudi i^u phu hudng nhan nha Uy danh Iram tran cdn nhu vang tai day, Xua nhung ddi^ anh bfing may ke, Cd dio duanghiflianhcao man^m canh, Chdp mat i ^ thdnh hon dgn lam Thdy cd cdy thgt la kheo leo thay Su md mang chdng hiem nguy hiem thieu cdu treo, Vdn timg cd mot tda Di Dd d day Dich tha: Xa xoi nude hgp ddng, Gio ndi sdng trieu thdng Diln Iuc bat: Cao vdi nui bgc dong xanh, Cua hang d^ cudn leo qucmh ben ngodi Hda cong deo lgc tuyit vdi, Nhdn tenh n^pku Phong tue nghin nam van nhu vdy tkdnh thyi Ihcmh bmh Xua bao ddng anh hiing, Bdi sa, dudng thon biic Song eudn dnh ckiiu hdng Uy danh trdm trgn do, Nghin ndm vdn cd phong Nai thank eao ngdm cdnk, Cdy cd tkdt kheo Pong Trdi qua chdp mdt dd thdnh hdn mang Thiiu cdu ddu nggi gian nan, Di Dd lugng dd vdn an chon ndy 14 m>^m mit^dif^Mi.\^ MA^'M='^ ° Dich nghta: Chilu qua Hodnh Son 49 TAP CHi HAN NOM SO (143) - 2017 Non sfing Nam Bdc xua phan chia ranh gidi chd ndy, Bao phen dimg fiai, ddng dfin ba qudn Tfi Iiic gjao vdng vung len thay trdi flidophat, Luy dd lai dl cho khda vong mdy trdi^ Nfii xanh sau mua ngat nhu vfia lau nude, Bufim giang qua bien biec mdi len dnh mat trdi Cuong vuc cdc ddi Tran Le thdnh quan di, Mudn dgm gid thu quet sgch chirdng tdn Djch tho: Bdc Nam ranh gidi cko ndy pkdn, Baopken dgng irgi, ng ba qudn Tu lite kim qua trdi thdo phgt, Thdnh dd di cho mdy trdng vdn Sau mua nui biic vua lau nude, Biin gidng budm ludl dnh duang hidn Trdn Li cuang vuc thdnh quan di Hung tdn muon dgm gid thu pkdn./ N.D.T NGUYiN D&C TOAN tai Thien Tan, tfi choi hgp tac vdi Nhat La ngudi CO hpc, tinh thdng thir hpa Cufii ddi fing chuyen tdm sach vd, bien tap nhieu tac phdm, cd gia trj tham khao Trong cd bp Vdn tinh di thi hgi 200 quyen, cd suu tdp mpt so tac gia Viet Nam Tue tu Tie khd todn Ihu if^Ji^^J^-^ -^)) la cong trinh cap qudc gia ciia Trung Qufic, suu tdm nhfing van hien co tiep theo sau bp Td khd todn thu nha Thanh bien t^p tfi nam 1772 Do Thirgng Hai cfi tjch xudt ban xa xuat ban nam 2002 Ha Tong Muc (1653 - 1707) ten ty la Hgu Nhu, cd cac hifu la Thuan Nhu, Chuylt Trai, Dfin Phii; qu6 d lang Tinh Thach, huyfn Thien Lpc (nay la xa Tiing Lpc, huyfn Can Lpc) tinh Ha TTnh 6ng dfi Tien sT nam 1688, la mft danh th4n thdi U Tmng hung, cd cong trang dli vdi ddt nude Timg trai cac chfic quan trpng, di sfi Tmng Quoc Thi thogi, chua ro la sdeh gi nhung cung cd thl tfic chi giai thoai tho vdn truyen tung ma thoi Ddy cd thl la vi sfi thdn nude Trieu Tien, di sfi va gap mat Ha Tfing Myc Chu thich Tfi Thl Xirong-^-m-^ (1855- 1939), dfi Tien st nam Quang Tir thfi 12(1886), ten tir la Phac Ngu, hieu Cue Nhan, cdn co hieu la Dao Trai, Thien Tan nhan Ddi Thanh timg dam nhifm Quan co d^i than, Thl Nhan cac Daii hpc st Ddi Dan qufic tiing dam nhifm Qufic vu khanh, ket giao vdi Vien The Khdi Nam 1918, dugc sdp xIp lam Dgi Tong thfing Sau bi thl lire quan phift bupc tfi chfic, fing lui vl sfing dn dgt 50 djp thet sfi thdn d ngoai cfia Ngp Mon Nguyin Cfing Hang (1680 - 1732) ten tir la Thai Thanh, hifu Tinh Am, ngudi lang Phil Chdn, huyen Ddng Ngan, tran Kinh Bdd la thfin Phii Chdn, x3 Phil Chdn, huyfn Tfi Son, tinh Bdc Ninh Do Df tam gidp ddng Tiln st xudt thdn nien hifu Chinh Hda thfi 21 (1700) ddi Le Hy Tfing luc mdi 20 mfii, nfii tilng hay chfi Ong gitt cac chfic quan trpng, xep vao hdng td ly cfing than, timg lam Chdnh sfi sang nha Thanh nam THI GU VI$T NAM TRONG VAN TINHDI THI HQI 1718 Nguyin Cong Hang co tgp tho dl lai, gom nhihig bai tha ta tinh, vjnh canh, thii tiep sfi bp Triiu Tien Viem bang: xua nude te cung cdn gpi la Viem bang, tiic la xfi ndng Giao Nam: ciing gpi la Nam Giao, theo each gpi Thugng thu, ve sau chi ddt Giao Chi, tfic la nude An Nam Nguyen van Tiin tich: y ndi ve nirdc ma nhu thdy vin hudng vl cung dien thien tfi vay Diln Su ky/Thuang qudn liet truyen: Vf Uong ggp Tin Hilu cdng, Hilu cong ndi chuyfn ciing, ma bdt giac chan da tiln len din qua chfi chilu Jti£/^>g"?'J-fe: •ih, Ve sau diing dien Tien lich dl ndi muln tiln len, ma khdng nhdn la chfi dang dfing da qua len roi, td y ndi chuyen hay qua cang cang sat lai Dj ban tho Nguyin Cfing Hdng chep Id tam vgn Ldi djch tho chiing ^i chu thich them 10 Phgm Khiem Ich (1679-1740X nguyen hp Nguyin, ldm nuoi hg Pham dfii Pham Khiem Ich Co ten hifu la Kinh Trai, ngudi lang Kim San, huyfn Gia Lam (Ha Npi), Tham hoa Dinh nguyen nam 1710 ddi Le Du Tong, trai nhiSu chfic vu quan trpng Nam 1723, dng lam Chanh sfi sang Trang Qudc mimg vua Ung Chinh len ngfii Khi tdi Bdc Kinh, fing cCing mpi ngudi doan dang len bdi tho chuc mfing, dugc Ung Chinh khen hay cho vao yIt kiln difn Can Thanh 11 Tu vdn: dien sach Lu^ ngu dimg Tuvdn dk chi dgo Nho, chi tri thuc 12 Phan - Tfi: hai song, noi phat ngudn deu tfi tinh Son Dfing, thufc dja phan nirdc Ld ddi Xuan Thu, que huong ciia Khdng Tfi Song than cua Phu tfi di cdu tu mil Ni son vl sinh Phu tfi, nen ciing diing cau Nhgc gidng thdn Ve sau cung diing tfi de chi mach dao Nho giao Khdng cfing chac la ddng ddi cua Khong phu tfi nen tac gia khen nggi dao hpc bdng nhfing dien tfi lien quan den Nho giao 13 Nguyen van Nhyc hg, ndi sir dpi on, mong an gia tang 14 Nguyen van Hdi kieu, chi nhiing viing xa xoi ven bien, nhung chfin bien cuong nui cao Chi vung thufc Imi virc Tmdng Giang, Hoai Ha Y ca cau la ndi dSn vimg thuoc Trung nguyen Lay chu Uong bai Nam son hieu ddi/Tiiu nha Kinh Thi Ndi chiic thp vfi cucmg 17 Pham Quy Thich (1760-1825), ten tu la Dii- Dao, hifu Id Lgp Trai, cdn cd bift hifu Thao Dudng cu sT; ngudi xa Hoa Dudng, huyfn Dudng An, phu Thugng Hfing, tinh Hai Ducmg (nay diupc huyfn Binh Giang, tinh Hai Duong) Sau ddi len kinh dfi ITiang Long, ngy d phudng Bao Thien, huyen Thp Xucmg (nay thufic phd Ha Npi) Ong dfi Tiln sT nam Ky Hgi (1779), luc 19 tufii, la danh st cufii Le dau Nguyen Khi quan Tdy Son B5c,finglanh nan sang Kinh Bdc Ddi Gia Long (1802), fing dupe trao chirc Thj tmng hpc st, tude Thich An hdu Sau xin tfi quan vl, chuyen vifc dgy hpc d qu6 nha, ddo tgo dugc nhiiu tn thirc nhu Nguyin Van Ly, Nguyin Van Sieu, Vu Tdng Phan, La bgc thay danh vgng thdi bdy gid, fing dl lgi nhieu thi pham 51 TAP CHi HAN NOM s6 (143) - 2017 18 Hien chiing tfii chua tra cfiu dugc ve Hilu Son Trung Thfia cung nhu t6n sach Viii Nam tgp luge Tgm dl ldi djch nhu nguyen van 19 Nguyen van ]a Hoa Ihd chi cdm ^^ i l ^ y noi chuyen nhin canh cu thdy hoang phi cd lua dan chen nen cam xiic su phe vgy 20 Thucmg Nhan: dja danh co ciia Trung Qufic, chua ro nghia Nhung ciing cd the la tfi lien quan din dien Ba Di Thiic T I bd nha Chu vao nui hai rau, tudng vpng trieu Thuang cii? 21 Xem chu thich sl 20 22 Tam Lu: tire Tam Lu d^i phu, chfic quan d|t thdi Chien Quoc, lo vifc te le, quan su- vucmg tfc, giao dye tfing thdt Khudt Nguyen timg bj bai chfic Idm Tam Lu dgi phu Vi ong lo Iang cho van nude mat, ndn vl sau nhSc din Tam Lu cflng la nhic den Khudt Nguyen, nhae den Idng nhd nude cu vgy 23 Nguyin Quang Binh: ten khac cua Tay Son Nguyin Huf, len ngfii dgt nien hieu Quang Trung 24 Cao Tfing: tfic Thanh Cao Tong Can Long, sau mdt dugc truy miiu hifu la Cao Tfing 25 NgnySn vdn la Ngu dinh tfic la sdn nhd Ngu, ddi vua Thuan Td y tyng thien trieu uy dfic nhu nha Ngu ciia vua Thudn vgy 26 C6 y sanh thien triiu nhu phy mdu, phgn be tfii nhu cai trdng vpng phy mdu nhu trdng mat trdi, may cao vgy 27 Tung Son, mft nui 16n NgQ nhgc, nam ngpn nui thieng d Trung Quoc Thuang dugc dimg sanh vdi tuoi thp 52 NGUY£N D&C TOAN 28 Nguyen van Ngu giai, bf Ngu Cung ^ gifing Ngu dinh xem ch6 sfi 21 Theo sfi lifu vua Dai Vu len ngoi, cho miia can vu d them may tudn Cac di djch ngudi Mieu vpng uy lap tfic den chau (Thuang thte/Dgi Vii md) 29 Ngpc bgch: chi chung cac cfing phim 30 Yen Chu, chen Nghieu, deu la nhung tfi tfin xung tan tung 31 Nguyen van Tugng phuang, co ^ noi phirong xa 32 NguySn van Lgc yin, tfi chi yen tiec ciia vuong that, quan tfi den hpi ty Diing chu cua bai Lgc minh/Thi Kinh 33 Nguyin Dl (1761-1805), ten huy la Ne, ten ty la Nhat Que, hieu Que Hien; sau doi ten la Ok, ty Tien Phii, hieu Tinh Kien, bift hifu Van Thdn Cu St, nguyen quan tgi lang Tien Diln, huyfn Nghi Xuan, trin Nghe An, thuoc tinh Ha TTnh Qng la thfi sau ciia Nguyen Nghiem, va la anh cimg me vdi Nguyen Du Vi cha lam Te tudng, fing dugc tap am Khi quan Tdy Son Bdc, fing lanh ve que m§ d Bac Ninh Sau nhd ngudi quen de cfi, fing dugc Tay Scm mdi giiip viec tfi han, tiep den la Han Iam vifn Thj thu, hai lan di sii' Trung Quoc Khi Tdy Son mat, vua Gia Long cho ong lam vifc dudi quyin quan Tfing trdn Ong de lai thi t^p cdn Imi tmyin 34 Thieu quang: anh ndng dep tiroi, chi ndng xuan Cfiu thgp la 90, tfic chi thdng xuan CO 90 Vfia mdi dugc tuan, la mdi dirge 20 35 Dung chu Thugng thu/Y hudn: Lgp di thdn, t^ kinh trudng Td cdi y THI GIA VIET NAM TRONG VAN TINH Dl THI HQI dieu dyng cua dgo Nho trj thien d quy Than rfii lan khap noi 43 Sfi Thien triiu sang sach phong cho vua chu hdu 36 Song Lo, mii Tan la hai dja danh ciia Viet Nam Day tac gia y ndi nude ta dpi on nhan nghta cua thidn trieu 44 Thifin Han: cung nhu Ngan Han, ^ ndi tfi xa xfii tan trdi cao vay 37 Lan Khe: chua rd dja danh d dau 38 Dfing Ld nic la viing Son Dfing, Trung Qufic Chac tac gid di sfi qua viing 39 Phai chang chinh la Nguyen Du, ngudi em dfing mau vdi tac gia? 40 Nguyen Huy Oanh (1713 - 1789), ten tu la Kinh Hoa, hifu la Luu Trai; que d lang Tmdng Luu, tfing Lai Thgch, huyen La Scm, phii Dfic Quang, tran Nghf An (nay Id xa Tmdng Lflc, Can Lpc, Ha Tinh Ong Dinh nguyen (Tham hoa) nam Mgu Thin (1748), trai nhieu chfic vu quan trpng, tfing di sfi Trung Quoc Sau ong cao iSo ve tri st d han que nha md tnrdng dgy hgc, l|p Thu vifn, d^t "hpc dien" de khuyen hgc Hgc tro cd nhiiu dfi dgt Con dng Id Nguyin Huy Tir, chau fing la Nguyin Huy Hfi cung la nhfing tac gia Idn Ong Id tdc gia md ddu ddng van Nguyin Huy vd Id mpt cac tac gia tieu bilu ciia thl ky 18 41 Trac Chau: dia danh d Trung Qufic, ndm vl phia Nam Bdc Kinh, chdc tac gia lam tiioft-endudng di sfi vl, nghi Igi d Trac Chau 45 Nguyen van Phat nhdn: nhgn la cai chfit hdm xe, nen Phat nhan ndi su md chot xe, khdi hanh 46 Tho hoa ba tram bai: djch sat nghTa chfi, cung ia chi Kinh Thi 300 bai vay 47 Nguyen Bach: Nguyen, tfic Nguyen Chan; Bach, tfic Bgch Cir Di, la hai thi gia noi tieng thdi Thinh Dudng, hinh han thi phai gpi la Nguyen Bgch phai 48 Hd^^ A Man tra: A Man nguydn la tdn tidu tir cua Tao Thao; tra: cft buom Nhung cd Id xira cung hay diing tfi A Man, de chi khach ngudi Tmng Quoc chang? Giong tfi Hoa Man bai Tiin sT gidy ciia Nguyen Khuyen cd cau: Ro chu hoa man kheo ve tro, Bdn ong md lgi du thdng cu Hifn chung toi chira ro, ndn tam djch la khach A Man 49 Dyng cau cua Trang Tfi Duang Sinh: 4-^-iL^iS: ' ifh^-^^ilt " »X:f ;1|S| ^ilt ' ^Ej/Ddi ta Id huu han, ma tri tuf flil vd han, lay cai hiiu hgn de cau cai vfi han, mdi mft lam La mfit quan diem vd dudng sinh 50 Hanh Son: mpt Ngu nhgc cua 42 Trdn Van Tni (1715- ?) ngudi lang Tu Trang Quoc, d phia Nam nen cdn gpi la O, huyfn Thanh Mifn, tinh Hai Duong la Nam Nhgc Hanh Son, noi cd hgu, tg ngudi noi tilng liem va nhan hgu Dfi nhidn canh sac dep nhat Ngu Nhgc 51 Ngfi Thi St (1726 - 1780), ten tu la Hoang giap nam 1743, lam quan din Thiem dfi Ngir sfi, kiem Quoc tfi giam trgc giang, sau cao Thd Lpc, hifu la Ngp Phong, cdn cd dgo quan ve day hpc Tdc phdm cd Hoa thiiu hdu hifu la Nhj Thanh cir st; que tgi Iang Ta minh va Vjnh sd tap Thdy chinh su triiu Thanh Oai (lang Td), huyfn Thanh Oai, Udn Son Nam (sau thuoc tinh Ha Dfing, va qua dfii myc nat,fingcao ldo vl tri sT 53 TAP CHi HAN NOM SO (143) - 2017 tiiupc huyen Thanh Tri, Ha Ngi) Thufic ddng hp noi tilng van hpc, tfing lam van ban phu chda Trinh, Tiiy giang cho Thl tii Trjnh Sam Ong thi dfi Hoang giap nam Binh Tuat (1766), ddi Canh Hung Nam 1777, dng iam Dfic tran Lang Son, thi hanh nhieu chinh sach hay, fing mat tgi nhidm liic 54 tuli Cac fing ddu la danh st duang thdi nhu: Ngfi Thi Nham, Ngo Thi Chi, Ngo Thi Tri, Ngo Thi Huong va la cha vg ciia Phan Huy Ich 52 Nguy Khdc Tuan (1799 - 1854), hieu Id Thifn Phii, ngudi xa Xuan Vidn huyen Nghi Xudn phii Dfic Thg trin Nghe An (nay thupe xa XuSn Vien huydn Nghi Xuan tinh Ha TTnh) Nam Binh Tuit 1826, ong dfi Tiln st liic 27 tufii, trai giit cac chfic quan, nhu Han lam vifn, Lang trung Bp Hg, Tham hidp trdn Ninh Binh va Thanh Hda, Bd chdnh Bdc Ninh, Son Tay, Himg Hoa va Nam Djnh, Hihi Thj lang Bp Cong, Tuan phii Bdc Ninh, Tong doc Son- Himg-Tuyen, sau thang Thugng thu Bp Hf va dugc cfi di sfi sang Phap Sau mat, dng dugc tang chfic Hifp bifn Dgi hpc st, dugc thd vao den " Hidn Luang Tai lifu tham khao I Dgi Viet su ky todn thu (1993) (ban djch), Nxb Khoa hpc xd hfi Ha Nfii Bgi Nam thuc lyc (2005) (ban dich cua Vifn Su hpc), Nxb Khoa hpc xa hpi Ha Npi Dgi Nam Hit truyin :K^H^, Qufic sfi quan triiu Nguyin (1997), (ban djch ciia NGUY£N D&C TOAN Vidn Su hpc), Nxb Thuan Hda, Hue Tran NghTa & Francois Gross chd bidn (1993), Di sdn Hdn Nom Viit Nam thu muc deyeu, Nxb Khoa hpc xa hpi Ha Npi Tran van Giap (1984), Tim hieu kho sach Hdn Nom, Nxb Van hda Ha Npi Tran van Giap (1972), Luge truydn cdc tdc gia Viet Nam, Nxb Khoa hpc xd hfi, Ha Npi Ngo dire Thp (chu bidn) (2006), Cdc nhd khoa bdng ViitNam, Nxb Van hpc, Ha Nfi, Nguyin Q Thdng, Nguyen Ba Thd (2006), Tic diin nhdn vgt lfch sd Viet Nam, Nxb Tfing hgp Tp Hfi Chinh Minh, Hfi Chi Minh Nguydn Minh Tuan (1999), "Thdm bfin bai tho xudng hog giua Le Quy Dfin vdi sfi than Trieu Tien", Tgp chi Hdn Nom, sfi (41), 1999 10 Trinh Khdc Mgnh - Nguyin Dfic Toan, 'Them hai sfi thin Dai Vift c6 tho xudng hpa vdi sfi than Joseon", Tgp chl Hdn iVdm,sd5(114),2012 11 Trinh Khdc Mgnh - Nguyin Dfic Toan, "Tho xirdng hga ciia sfi thdn Dgi Vift - Hoang giap Nguydn Ddng vdi sfi than Joseon - Ly Dau Phong", Tgp chi Hdn Nom, sfi (112), 2012 12 Tha xudng IHKI giua Suthdn ViitNam -/fin ^HA: (2012), Dgi hpc hiha, Han (3u6a 13 Phgm Lgp Trai tiin sinh hdnh trgng khdo A.775 14 Tha cha Hdn Nguyin De (1995), Nxb Khoa hpc xa hpi Ha Nfii THI G U VIET NAM TRONG VAN TINHDI THI HQI PHU LVC •ji ^ a i r ' ; ? i ( t « i r L-* '! i I, H| j 1 E ii s I s (ii « a