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• KHOA HOC XA H O I *> CHINH SACH AN SINH XA HQI GAN VCJI DINH HlTOtNG PHAT TRIEN KINH TE CUA TINH NINH THUAN: HIEN TRANG VA GIAI PHAP GIAI DOAN 2020-2025, TAM NHIN DEN NAM 2030 HOVIETHANH'*' PHAN THI SONG THLTONG '"' Tom tat: Phat trien kinh Viet vi ngudi Chinh te'cua nUdc ta co dinh hudng la di len chu nghia xa hdi mot v.-i hgi Uu vi vay, an sinh xa hdi ludn khdng tach rdi khoi mdi budc phat tnen te Mong mud'n td't dep nhu viiy song lam de bien dieu de cd ldi giai thoa dang A'h.ini gop mgt phin thudc mien vA'n dedAtra trung da't nudc tinh Sinh giai doan Tit khda: Chinh Abstract: for the people economic this orientation into practice, policies associated locality in the central part te cun mgt dia TU dd dUa mgt so giai phap cbo kinh te; Nmh is oriented is inseparable it requires with economic xem phuong nhiing of Vietnam tremendous Solutions Tbuan towards socialism, from economic development efforts a preeminent development This paper orientation were proposed Pohcy, social security; nhan bai: 10/3/2020; economic development: Ngnv sda bai: 15/5/2020; Dat van de Thuat ngfl ASXH'^' dfldc hieu theo nhieu each tie'p can khac gifla cac qudc gia, gifla cac nhfi khoa hpc tren the gidi at ca'u true, he thd'ng ASXH cl Viet ^ kinh discussed in Ninh Thuan to address society However, to put current province, potential social a poor problems in period Keywords: SgM development As such, social security siKurity 2020-2030 Tbuan tnen 2020-2030 sacb, an sinh xa hdi: pbat tnen Vietnam's kinb khong nho b^ vao muc tieu cao ca do, bAi viel tAp trung x^t thUc trang chinh sach an sinb xa hdi gdn vdi dinh hUdng phat ngheo cun hien thuc la mot bai toan • ' ft , Ninh Ngay duyet Tbuan dang bai: 7/6/2020 xem xet d pham vi rdng thi ASXH Viet Nam cdn bao gdm ca cac npi dung khae nhfl: cbinh sach Lfu dai xa hdi, chfldng " PGS.TS., Vien trUdng Vien KHXH vung Trung Bo Nam hien co sfl tfldng thich va phu Email: hanhcjs@>'ahoo com h p p vdi q u a n n i e m v e A S X H eiia T o chflc '••' T S Pho Giam doc Trung tam Nghien CLTU Chinh L a o ,d p n,g qud'c t e• L( I- Li O , , i)- Tdflpc i ' i - c- a' u t h- aUn- h- tri - Xa phfmsoongthuong.vass@gmail.com hoi, Vien KHXH vung Trung B6 Email: gom hai bo phan chinh la: Bao hiem xa hoi „,^ " , • ^ ^' I (gom cac khoan trd ea'p dai ban, trd cap n g a n b a n , b a o h i e m t h a t n g h i e p vfi b a o hi^m V te) vfi Cflu trd xa hdi (eflu trd , ^v , , • a ' - V »T-' thfldng xuyen va cflu trd dot xuat) Neu , , ^ , cT , i j-u -• ,,- Tieng Anh la Social Secunty mch tieng Viet, ^gj,^, ^gxn thi thuat nga c6n duoc dich la bao dam xa hoi bao trg xa hoi, an nmh xa boi an toan xa ^^'- '^^' ^^ s ^ ^^^^ "^^^ "^^ "^^'^" '^'^" "^ ^"^''^ dinh chinh sach da thong nhat sU dung thuat ngU "An • , „ sinh xa hoi SO 7-2020 NHAN Lire KHOA HOC XA HOI Q CHINH S.ACH \N- SINH X.\ HOI G.^N V6l BiXH HUONO trinh xoa doi giam ngheo chaong trinh trd pup cac dia phuong dac biet kho khan va gom ca cac loai quy tiet kiem va cac loai bao hiem khac (Bui S\ Ldi 2010) Hoan thien he thong an sinh xa hoi I.VSXHl la mot tru cot chinh phat t nfll nen kinh te thi trUOng djnh hudng xa hoi chu nghia gop phan quan thuc hien cong xay dung xa hpi cong bang, tien bp van minh va bao dam on dinh chinh tri - xa hpi, ddi song nhan dan Chinh sach an sinh xa hoi ciia tinh Ninh Thuan thdi gian qua da dat dUdc nhieu ket qua kha quan Ty le hp ngheo theo chuan da chieu da giam xuong tU I 1,93% nam 2015 xuong S,86"i> nam 201.s ty le ho can ngheo 9% Ty Ie bao phu bao hi^m xa hpi (BHXH) bao hiem y te (BHYT) va bao hiem that nghiep (BIITN) cung tang Ien qua cac nam, nam 201S toan tinh co 90".i lUc lUdng lao dpng tham gia vao BHXH va 8H.6"ii dan so tham gia BHYT (vupt 2.6% so vdi ke hoach) Chinh sach hUu tri, trd cap va Uu dai xa hpi da thuc hien co hieu qua Ddi song vat chat va tinh than ciia ngUdi co cong cang dUdc cai thien khoang 99" hp ngUcfi cd cdng c6 mUc song hiing va cao hdn mUc song trung binh cua dan cU ndi cu tru Tuy nhien chinh sach an sinh xii hpi tren dia ban tinh van cdn nhieu han che nhU: Ty le hp ngheo cao nhat so vdi cac tinb vung Nam Trung Bp (6,4"o) va so vdi mUc trung binh chung ciia ca nudc (6.8",.): So ngudi tham gia BHXH co xu hudng tiing cham va tham gia BHXH tu nguyen chiem ty le rat tha'p (nam 2018 chi chiem khoang 1,1% tong so' doi tupng thupc dien tham gia): Ty le ngudi tham gia BHT.N tu nguyen vin chiem ty le Ihap khoang 8.92",, td'ng luc lUdng lao Q NH«N lUC KHOA HOC XA HOI ddng dang lam viec: Tinh trang no dpng BHXH, BHYT, BHTN vjn ton tai; Dfic hiet tinh trang boi chi quy bao hi6m ciia tinh dang co xu hudng tang ba nam gin day Tinh Ninh Thuan da va dang tich cue day manh viec thu hut dau tU xay dung va phat trien, phan da'u xay dung Ninh Thuan trd tinh phat trien kha ciia khu vuc va ca nUdc Td'c dp tang trUdng binh quan giai doan 2016-2018 dat 8,6% Cd ca'u kinh te dich chuyen theo hudng tich cUc, dd ty le nganh cong nghiep - xay dung chiem 22,4%; nganh dich vu chiem 40,3% va ndng lam ngU nghiep chiem 37,3% vao nam 2018 Thu nhap binh quan dau ngUdi dat 39,7 trieu dong/ngUdi Tuy nhien, cac chi tieu phat trign kinh te - xa hpi ciia tinh hien van tha'p hdn so vdi mUc trung binh ciia ca nudc Du thao phat then kinh te tinh Ninh Thuan dUa 2019 da dinh hudng den nam 2025 GRDP binh quan dau ngUdi dat 113 - 115 tneu dong/ngudi, tong thu ngan sach dat 6.600-6.700 ty dong, tang binh quan 10-11%/nam, diim bao tU can doi thu chi ngan sach thUdng xuyen va thuc hien chinh sach ASXH theo hudng nang cao chat lupng va hieu quii (ty le hp ngheo hang nam 0,5-1%, dd huyen ngheo giam tren 4%/nam, ty le bao phu bao hiem y te toan dan dat 95%) De dat dudc muc tieu vUa phat trien ve kinh te vUa nang cao chat lUdng cupc sd'ng ciia ngudi dan ddi hoi tinh Ninh Thuan can trien khai dong bp cac nhdm chinh sach, dd cd chinh sach ASXH, gfin vdi dinh hudng phat trig'n cua dja phUdng Bai viet tap trung danh gia hien trang chinh sach ASXH tren dia ban tinh Ninh Thuan tren ba khia canh gom giam ngheo, cong tac SO 7-2020 HO VIET HAXH PH.VN THI SOXC THUOXC bao hiem (BHXH BHYT BHTXi hflu tri, trd cfi'p vfi bao trd xa hoi Tren cd sd dd bai viet de xufi't mdt so' giai phfip nhfim h o a n tbien chi'nb sfich ASXH gfin vdi dinh hfldng p h a t trien kinh te d t i n h \ i n h Thufin giai doan 2020-2025 vfi t a m nbin den nfim 2030 H i e n t r a n g e h i n h s a c h a n s i n h x a hoi c u a t i n h N i n h T h u a n g i a i d o a n 2016-2019 2.1 Nhvtngki't qua dat diidc 2.1.1 Giam ngheo Trong thdi gian qua, cac c h i n b sach, dfl a n ve giam ngheo dUdc t a p t r u n g t n e n k h a i day dii, k i p thdi vfi d u n g dd'i tfldng D a n g c h u y, t r i e n k h a i h i e u q u a Chfldng t r i n h mue tieu qud'c gia g i a m ngheo ben vflng theo Nghi quye't 30a ciia Chi'nh phii hfldng de'n m u c tieu eai t h i e n , n a n g eao ddi sd'ng v a t cha't vfi g i a m ngheo ben vflng d vflng dfic biet khd khfin Tdng vd'n d a u tfl cho Chfldng t r i n h la 1.625 ty ddng, t r o n g von n g a n sach 1.606 ty dong (ngfin sfich dia phUdng 257 ty dong vd'n long ghep cac chfldng t r i n h , dfl fin khfic 1.349 ty dong) vfi vd'n tfii trd 19 ty dong Trong dd, cac ndi d u n g t a p t r u n g hd trd dau tfl cd sd vfit chat, bo trd p h a t t r i e n s a n xua't; da d a n g hda sinh ke vfi n h a n rong cfic md h i n h giam ngheo; d u y tu bao dfldng cd sd vfit cbfi't va ho trd ngfldi lao ddng thuoc ho ngheo, hd can ngheo t h a m gia hdp dong Ifim viec cd tbdi h a n d nfldc ngoai Thdng qua wbc t r i e n k h a i cac chfldng t r i n h dfl fin dfi gdp p h a n g i a m ty le ho n g h e o (theo chufin mdi) tfl 14,93% nfim 2015 xud'ng edn 8.86"i nfim 2018, ty le hd can ngheo edn 9% vfi fldc t i n h de'n nfim 2020 giam xud'ng cdn 5,94% nfim 2020 Tuy n h i e n , N i n h T b u a n hien van lfi t i n h cd ty le ho n g h e o eao nhfi't so vdi cac t i n b vflng Nam T r u n g Bp vfi so vdi mflc t r u n g binh c h u n g cfla ca nfldc (6,8%) (Hinh 1) H i n h 1: Ty le h o n g h e o c a c t i n h N a m T r u n g B o g i a i d o a n 2016-2018 160 137 2.6 14.0 ' 2.6 12.0 9.9 100 8.0 6.0 4.0 20 1.51 ^-'i-ftg 0.0 III Da Nine Quang Qu.ing Nam N2