Yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến mức độ hài lòng của người dân đối với chương trình xây dựng nông thôn mới tỉnh hậu giang

KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Y £ U T O AIVH HUOIXIG DEIXI MIJC DO HAI LOIXIG CLIA IXlGLTbl DAIXI DOI VOI CHUOIXIG TRIIXIH X A Y DIJIXIG IXIOIXIG THdiXI IVIOI TilVH HAU GIAIVG Vd Hong TiiS Nguyfin Tltiiy Trang* T6MTAT Nghien ciru duac thuc hien nhiim danh gia miic hai long cua ngudi dan vfi Chuong trinh xay dung nong thon radi (NTM) tir dd dfi xuat giai phap de thuc hien cdng, hieu qua va bfin viing cho chuong trinh tai tinh Hau Giang Nghifin cuu thuc hien phong van 458 hp d nhdm xa hoan tdt, hoan kha va hoan thap cac tifiu chi ve xay dung NTM De phan tich miic hai long ciia ngudi dan, nghien ciiu su dung phan ticb nhan td kham pha vit hoi quy tuong quan da bien Ket qua nghien ciiu cho thay, cd nhom nhan td anh hudng mice hai long cua ngudi dan ve chuang trinh xay dung NTM, gdm: vai tro ciia chinh quyen va ngudi dan, thdng tin va kien thiic Id ich cua chuong trinh va su tham gia cua ngudi dan, Trong do, nhan td hudng thu loi ich tir chuong trinh NTM cd tac dgng ldn nhat va tuong quan thuan voi miic dp hai long cua ngudi dan ve xay dung NTM Tit khda: Nong thon moi, muc hai long, phan tich nhan td I.GMH THIEU Ndng nghifip, nong thon, ndng dan la muc tieu chien lupc dac biet quan trong qua trinh phat trien kmh te - xa hdi, gdp phan quan thiic day tang tnidng kinh te, la ca sd' dn dinh chinh tri va an nmh qudc phdng; la yeu td quan trpng gdp phan dam bao su phat tridn ben viing cua d£Lt nude qua trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda theo dinh hudng xa hdi chii nghia Xay dung NTM la mdt chuong hinh trpng diem dai han cap Qudc gia vdi muc tieu thay doi toan bd dien mao khu vuc ndng thdn thdng qua bp tifiu chi Qudc gia ve xay dung NTM theo Quyet dinh 1980/QD-TTg ve viec ban hanh Bd tifiu chi Qudc gia ve xa NTM giai doan 2016 - 2020 thay the Quydt dinh sd 491/QD-Trg va Quyet dinh sd 342/QD-Trg Do la chuang trinh diem duoc thuc hifin h-fin nhieu Unh vuc nen xay dung NTM yeu cdu nguon kmh phi rat ldn Tuy nhifin, ngudn vdn phan bd tir ngan sach Trung uong cang giam, cu tiie: nam 2009 la 9,4% nhung chi cdn 1,7% nam 2014 [7] Do vay, de chuang trinh cong va hifiu qua till viec dong gdp ctia ngudi dan la rat can thiet Theo bao cao tong ket tai Hoi nghi Bp Ke hoach va Dau hi phdi hpp ciing Bp Nong nghiep va PTNT, Uy ban Nhan dan tinh Ben Tre to chiic 25/6/2019 [1], ' Khoa Phat triln Nong thon Trudng Dai hpc Cdn Thu Email: vhtu@ctu.edii.vn: ntuang@ctu.edii.vn nam 2016-2019 cua giai doan 2, tong ngudn vdn huy dong cho xay dung NTM dat 1,27 frifiu ty dong (tuong duong 54 ty USD) Trong dd, ngan sach nha nude cap true tiep khoang 7,45 ty USD va cdn lai la cac ngudn khac (vdn tin dung, long ghep cac de tai/du an, doanh nghifip va cdng ddng) Cung theo bao cao nay, vai trd tham gia ddng gdp ciia cdng dong la rat ldn Tuy nhifin, theo Cdng van 1447/TTgKTN cho thay kdt qua mdt phan chay theo tich nfin viec huy dong ddng gdp hiy tien va qua miic da gay nhieu nguy ca tdn tiiuong vd kinh te, dac biet doi vdi cac nhdm hd ngheo, lam anh huong dfin tinh bfin vimg cua chuong trinh Ben canh do, cdng tac quy hoach va thuc hien quy hoach xay dung chuang trinh NTM cdn han che su tham gia ciia cdng ddng nfin ddi chua phii hop vdi thuc dfin va chua dap ling nhu cdu ciia ngudi dan [5] Do vay viec nghien oiu ve miic hai long ciia ngudi dan cung nhu nhimg giai phap thu hut su tham gia cua ngudi dan la rat can thiet nham dat dupc muc tifiu "dan giau, nude manh, xa hdi cdng bang, dan chu va van minh" Theo Raboca 112]; Miguel [9] va Ehas 12] dinh nghia su hai Idng ciia khach hang hay cdng ddng doi vdi mdt san pham hay dich vu la su dap ling cac yfiu cau mong dpi cua chinh cdng dong Tir nhimg ly (1) ngudn vdn ngan sach nha nude gidi han, (2) ngudi dan la trung tam ciia qua trinh xay dung NTM nh4m dam bao phuong cham ''Nhi nude va nhin dan cunglanf, (3) "benh NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 8/2020 135 KHOA HOC C N G N G H C De danh gia miic dp hai long cua ngum dan ve tich" nen cong tac huy dong von qua miic cd thS lam ton thuong sinh ke cho nhom ho ngheo va gia dinh chuong trinh x4y dung NTM, nghien cuu ap dung kho khan, (4) thuc trang v4 su tham gia ciia nguoi kft hpp quan diSm cua Chu tich H6 Chi Mmh v« dan chuong trinh xay dung NTM han ch^ thuc hita phuong cham "dan biA, dan ban, dan lam chua tin tuong vao chuong trinh Bi tai 'Yeu td dan ki^m tra" va ket hpp voi nhu cau thuc tita vk anh huvng den mtic dd hai long aia nguoi dan vexaychuong trinh cung nhu khung ly thuyet ve mirc dp dung NTM tai dnh Hau Giang" dupc thuc hien nhim hai long cua FomeU et al [3] Khung ly thuyet ye nghidn ciru toan di6n ve miic hai long cua nguoi miic dp hai long cua ngudi dan qua trinh xay dan doi voi nhung ket qua dat diroc cua chuong tiinh dung NTM dupc trinh bay cu the a hinh xay dung NTM, tii giiip nha quan ly co nhimg ca 2.2 Phuong phip chpn vimg v4 mJu nghita ciiu so de nang cao miic dp hai long cita nguoi dan Trong tdng sd don vi hanh chinh tinh HJu qua trinh thuc hien xay dung va tri ket qua xay Giang, nghita ciiu se chpn huyta cd miic dp dung NTM hoan chuong trinh xay dung NTM khic nhau, Z.FHUgNGPIUPNGHBICUU la thi xa Nga Bay, huyta Phung Hidp, thi xa Long My, huyta Vi Thuy, huydn Chau Thanh, Chau 2.1 C4ch U^ c4n nghita ciiu Thanh A va huyta Long My Nghien ciiu khong thuc hidn phong van it phd Vi Thanh cd su khac biet ldn ve xuat phat didm qua trinh xay dung NTM nhu: tang, dau hi, thu nhjp, Tuong ling vdi mdi huyen/thi xa, nghien cim tidn hanh thao lu4n voi van phdng dita phoi NTM dnh d^ chpn mpt xa cd tinh dai dita cao de hinh dupc nhdm xa cd miic dp hoan khic de tidn hinh so sinh Cu the nhom xa cd miic dp hoan thinh khic Hinh Khung Ij? Ihuyft dinh gii miic &> hii ldng dupc phan nhdm dua vao sd tidu chi da hoan thinh h-ong qui trinh xay dung NTM, dd dia nguW dan v4 NTM nhdm tdt hoan tir 17-19 tita chi, hoan Ngudn: Le Buc Niem va Truong Thanh Long tir 12-16 va nhdm hoan thap dudi 11 hdu [101;Fomell etal [31 chi Thdng tin dm ban vi co miu nghidn ciiu dupc trinh biy d bing Bang Dia b ^ nghifi n ciiu theo miic dO ho4n th^nh tifiu chi NTM Sd tieu chi hoan thanh* Xa Huyen 19 Nga Bay Dai Thanh Chau Thanh A 19 Trudng Long Tay Hoan tdt Ddng Phudc A Chau Thanh 17 Long Phu TX Long My 15 Hoan kha ViThuy Vinh Trung 12 Phung Hifip Hda An 11 Hoan thap Long My Vinh Vifin A Tdng mau Nhdm xa Sdm&u 41 50 53 79 77 87 71 458 ' So heu ve d^u chi hoan dianh cua cac xa tham khao tu Van phdng dieu phdi NTM Hau Giaiig[\l] Cac ndng hd dupc lua chpn phdng van thdng hinh thiic chpn man ngau nhien theo mdt budc nhiy, qua phuong phip budc nhiy, chpn mdt hd sau bo ket qua nghidn ciiu se phin anh dupc thuc trang ve mdt ho vi phdng van hd hep theo De dim bao tinh miic dp hii long cOa ngirot dan 2.3 Phuong phip phin tich dai dita cao, nghien ciiu chon myta duong cd De thuc hita phan tich cic ydu td anh hudng die di^m ve kinh te khic theo su hudng din cua cin bd dia phuong dd hdn hinh phdng vin Vm ddn miic dd hii ldng cua ngudi dan ddi vm chuong 136 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 8/2020 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE trinh NTM, nghifin cuu su dung k^t hgp hai phuong phap phan tich gdm ph^n tich nhan td kham pha (EFjy va hdi quy tuong quan da bien Trong dd, phan tich nhan td kham pha dirpc sii dung de gom ckc bidn theo thang Likert cap dd cho cac nhdm tifiu chi ve dan biet, dan ban, dan lam, dan kiem tra, ST/ tiiu hudng, dich vu ciia chmh quydn, dd la rat khdng hai ldng va la rat hai long, cac tieu chi su dung phan tich duoc trinh bay torn tat d' bang Do vay, trudc thuc hien phan tich EFA, nghifin cuu tien hanh thuc hifin kiem dmh chat lupng ciia thang thdng qua Cronbach's Alpha [14] Cac nhan td cd hfi sd Cronbach's Alpha nho hon 0,6 se hi loai khdi md hinh nghifin cuu va cac bien quan sat cd hfi sd tuang quan bien tong nhd hon 0,3 dupc xem la bien nhifiu va ciing duac loai khdi thang cua cac nhan td [11] Bfin canh su dung cac bien dpc lap dupc xay dung tu ket qua phan tich EFA dua theo nhdm tieu chi ve dan biet, dan ban, dan lam, dan ki^m tra, su thu hudng, dich vu cua chinh quyen, nghifin cuu cdn xem xet cac yeu td vfi dac diem cua ngudi tra ldi phdng van nhu trinh dd, gidi tinh va tudi Cac bien dSc diem ddp vifin duoc gia dinh cd anh hudng d^n miic hai ldng cua ngudi dan va day la cac bidn mdi duac dua vao md hinh nham ki^m dinh gia thuydt dac didm dap vifin khac cd the dan ddn nhan thiic v6 mtic dd hai long khac Viec dua them bidn dac diem ngudi tra ldi phdng van vao md hinh duoc thuc hifin dua vao ket qua nghien ciiu truoc cua nhdm tac gia, cu the la dac diem cd anh hudng co y nghia ddn miic sin long tham gia va ddng gdp vao chuang trinh xay dung NTM [13] Tuong tu, ddi vdi bien phu thudc (Y) cung dupc ludng tiidng qua tifiu chi vd miic dp hai ldng theo thang Likert cap va sir dung EFA de tao mpt bien dai dien bang phuang phap hoi quy (regression) gidng nhu trudng hpp bien ddc lap theo cdng thiic Cu the tifiu chi sii dung ludng muc dp hai long cua ngudi dan gdm (1) su hat ldng ddi vdi chat lupng xay dung NTM, (2) su hai long ddi vdi qua trinh tiidn khai xay dung NTM va (3) su hai long dap ting ky vpng ciia ngudi dan ve qua TT Tidu chi Tudi Trinh dd Gioi tinh Ky hieu Tuoi Trinhdo Gioitinh tiinh xay dung NTM Su dung phuong phap EFA tinh bidn Y da dupc thuc hifin bdi cac nghien ciiu cua Vd Thi Lan va Ha Minh Tuan (2013) [6]; Pham Thi Lien va Nguyfin Thi Ngpc Anh (2014) [8]; Le Diic Nifim va Truang Thanh Long (2017) [10] Sau thuc hien phan tich EFA de hmh cac bien phu thudc va dpc lap, nghifin oiu tidn hanh su dung hoi quy tuang quan da bien OLS de xac dinh cac yeu td anh hudng den miic dp hai long ciia ngudi dan Phuong trinh hdi quy ly thuydt cd dang: ^1 = P*+^^k f IK + 0aTrinAdOt + ^aCioitinhi + 0^Tuoi, Trong dd: Yi: Miic dp hai long chung cua ngudi dan ve chuang trinh xay dung NTM; y5,: He sd can uoc lupng; F^ la cac bien an Oatent) phan anh cac nhan td dan bifit, dan ban, dan lam, dan kiem tra, su thu hudng, dich vu ciia chinh quyen sau thuc hifin phan tich nhan td; Trinhdo, Gioitinhvk Tuoi\k ckc bie'n ve trinh dp, gidi tinh va tudi ciia ngudi tra ldi phdng van, dupc gia dinh CO anh huong ddn su hai ldng (dupc thdng kfi md t a d bang 2); ^1 : Sai sd ngau nhien Doi vdi bidn /^^ la nhan td thii k cua hd thii /; duoc thiet lap dua vao cac tieu chi nho ciia dan bidt, dan ban, dan lam, dan kiem tra, su thu hudng, dich vu cua chinh quyen Cdng thirc tmh gia tri bien F ciia nhan td tini k va hd thii i de dua vao md hmh dua tren phuang phap hdi quy (regression) cua Thurstone (1935)[15], cu the cdng thitc tinh dupc trinh bay nhu sau: fir,- Z„ X RZ\ X P^ (1) Trong dd, Z la gia tri chuan hda theo cdng thuc ^'S; R' Nghich dao ma tran tuong quan (mverse of the variable correlation matrix); P la gia tri ciia ma tran tai nhan td (matrbt of factor loadings) Donvi Nam Nam di hpc l=nam: 0=niT Trung binh 56,14 6.28 0,53 Lech chuan 12,36 3,61 0.50 \'gudn: Ket qua didu tra ndm 2019, n^l >, NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 8/2020 137 KHOA HOC C N G N G H E Ve dac diem ngudi tra ldi phdng van, ket qua d bang cho thay tuoi trung binh la 56,14 vdi trinh dd hpc van trung binh kha thap, khoang lop Gidi tinh ciia dap vifin kha can ddi, khoang 53% la nam va 47% nu KET QUA NQHHI CUU VA IHAO LUM 3.1 Thi;rc trang hokn cac tifiu chi v^ xSy dung NTM tai H|u Giang B ^ g TTiuc trgng xSy dung NTM tinh Hau Giang cudi nam 2018 STT Nhdm tieu chi Sdxa dat Tyle {%) 53,70 Bat 19 tidu chi 29 Dat 15-18 tieu chi 5,56 Dat 10-14 Ueu chi 17 31,48 Dat 5-9 tieu chi 9,26 Dat dudi tidu chi 0,00 TfingcOng 54 100,00 Ngudn: Vin phdng dieu phdi NTM tinh Hau Giang\m Theo sd hfiu thdng kfi tir Van phdng difiu phdi NTM tinh Hau Giang, tinh den cudi nam 2018, Hau Giang da cdng nhan 29/54 xa NTM, dat 53,70% (dan dau khu vuc ddng bang sdng Cuu Long), cd 01 don vi cap huyfin hoan nhifim vu xay dung NTM, SO" jj f "" ' :o% » J, 1? trung bmh cac xa tren dia ban tinh dat 15,1 tifiu chi/xa Sau hon nam tiiuc hifin Chuang trinh muc tieu Qudc gia ve xay dung NTM, Hau Giang da dat dupc nhieu kfit qua dang khich le Ket qua ve cac tieu chi NTM da dugc fliuc hifin hoan tiianh tai tinh Hau Giang duoc trinh bay b hmh Theo ket qua binh bay b hinh cho thay, tdng sd 54 xa dang ky thuc hifin chuong tiinh NTM toan tinh thi cac tifiu chi (quy hoach va thuc hifin quy hoach), (dien), (buu dien), 12 (ca cau lao ddng), 13 (hinh thiic td chiic san xuat), 14 (giao due), 16 (van hda) va 19 (an nmh trat tu xa hdi) la nhirng beu chi cd th6 dupc danh gia la dfi hoan nhat vdi hon 85% tdng sd xa dang ky da hoan Ngupc lai vdi nhiing tifiu chi thi nhdm tifiu chi gdm dfiu chi sd (giao t h d n ^ , (trudng hpc), (ca sd vat chat van hda) va 17 (mdi trudng) la nhirng tifiu chi khd thuc hifin nhat nen ty le xa hoan cac hfiu chi thap Nhung tifiu chi cdn lai cd miic dp khd khau thuc hifin va nfin miic hoan la tuong ddi Nhimg tifiu chi khd thuc hien yfiu cau ldn ve ngan sach cung nhu su tham gia tich cue cua ngudi dan va difiu kien san co ciia mdi dia phuong vay de day nhanh tidn dp thuc hifin va hoan cac tifiu chi cdng tac tuyen truydn dd nang cao nhan thiic va thu hiit su tham gia cua cpng dong la het siic can thiet — 1 ,7 " J4 ' ô ô ã' 2« 2! \ -^ -*^ -^ o '\ '^ -^ C\ \ ^ P' ^ ^^ s^ v^ • Si'n-1 li,)nn [liniili T ' ^ / / Siixn chua Ini.lii Iliniih Hinh Kdt qua thuc hi& NTM tinh Hftu Giang theo 19 tidu chi Ngudn: Vdn phdng didu phoi NTM tinh Hau GiangiU] Ghi chu: TC1-TC19 la 19 tieu chi thudc Bo tieu chi Qudcgia vd xa NTM diroc ban hanh theo Quydt dinh 1980/QB-TTgngayl7aiangl0nam2016 3.2 Nh$n thiic vS loi ich chuong tiinh NTM Tir kdt qua d bang cho thay cac tieu chi duoc ngudi d&n danh gia cao ddi vdi chuong trinh xay 138 dung NTM la quan he ho hang va lang xdm dupc cai thien nhd cac ho^t ddng tap the nhu lam hang rao; td chiic lien ket san xuat va deu thu (hop tac xa); ty le NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 8/2020 KHOA HOC CONG NGHE hdc sinh di hoc cao hon nhd vao cdng tac tuyen huy^n van dpng ciia c ^ bd cac ban nganh; moi trudng canh quan dep hon; j> thiic cdng ddng ve dam hao an ninh trat to va cai each ve thu tuc hanh chinh tro nen thuan tidn hon Bing NhSn thiic dia ngudi dta v^ c4c lgi ich ciia chuong triiih NTM TT Tieu chi NTM gdp phan gia tang thu nhap cho ndng nghidp NTM gdp phan gia tang thu nhap cho cdng nghiep NTM gdp phan gia tang thu nhap cho dich vu Nhidu hd ndng dan tham gia td chiic san xutit Budn ban ndng nghiep duoc thuan tidn hon Ty le hd ngheo duoc giam dang kd Quan hd ho hang va hang xdm duoc cai thien Dich vu y te dugc cai thien tdt hon 10 Ty Id hoc smh di hpc cao hon dieu kien di lai tdt hon Mdi trudng canh quan d dia phuong dep hon 11 Rac thai dugc xu ly tdt hon ndn it d nhidm hon 12 Ty Id hd xii dung nude sach cao hon 13 14 Cac CO sd san xuat gay d nhidm mdi trudng quan tam hon den xu ly va bao ve mdi trudng Nha vd smh ao ca da giam dang ke 15 He thdng giao thdng dugc cai thien 16 He thdng kdnh ndi dong va thuy lgi tdt hon 17 Nang suat san xuat ndng nghiep tang cao hon Tdt 3,75 .a£3) jl8 Cij nhidu khu vui choi thd thao va chat lugng tdt hon "T}"ie hp cd nha d tam bp giam dang ke 20 Khu chp dupc lap nen chat lugng dupc quan ly tdt hon va dam bao vd sinh thuc pham tdt hon 2,78 Q-AXl 3,02 (1,37) 3,14 (1,29) 4,21 (0,95) 4,08 (0,91) 4,25 (0,90) 3,66 (1,12) 4,40 (0,81) 4,16 (0,87) 3,28 (1,23) 3,42 (1,57) 2,91 (1,25) 3,95 (1,07) 4,15 (0,99) 4,08 (0,79) 3,76 (0,96) 2,63 (1.23) 3,95 (0,92) 3,35 (1,22) Dan vi tinh: didmtilingbinh Nhdmxa Kha Thap 3,57 3,34 (1,03) (0,98) 2,72 2,42 i _ CL35) ilM i 2,97 2,55 (1,30) (1,28) 2,84 (1,34) 3,82 (1,09) 3,72 (0,92) 4,19 (0,90) 3,81 (0,97) 4,42 (0,82) 4,10 (0,77) 3,23 (1,30) 3,40 (1,50) 2,76 (1,23) 3,61 (1,19) 3,90 (1,14) 3,97 (0,92) 3,64 (1,11) 2.22 (1.38) 3,72 (0.90) 3,49 (1.01) NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 8/2020 2,70 (1,27) 3,80 (0,98) 3,53 (1,02) 3,97 (1,08) 3,51 (1,05) 4,27 (1,02) 3,75 (0,90) 3,18 (1,35) 2,18 (1,38) 2,35 (1,15) 3,23 (1,22) 3,71 (1,13) 3,77 (0,99) 3,61 (0,91) 2,08" i i ; -• -,i',l'-g J| 3,44 (1,01) 3,18 (1,08) KHOA HOC C6NG / ^ ninh trat tu xa hdi duoc quan ly tdt hon 4,22 (0,84) Y thiic cdng ddng ve dam bao an ninh trat tu tdt hon 24 NGH| Thii Uic hanh chinh dupc cai each nen thuan hen hon chp dan Trinh dp vi quan ly va cdng nghe thdng tin ciia can bd dia phuong duoc cai thidn 3,94 (0,92) 4,22 4,05 (0,83) (0,70) 4,27 (0,79) 4,24 (0,68) 4,27 (0,66) 4,16 (0,69) 3.90 (a?4L 3.95 (0,89) 4,08 (0,87) 3,91 (0,88) Ngudn: Ket qua didu da nam 2019, n=458 Ghi chu: [~ J Cic tieu chi duqc danh 0a thap, vdi thang diem dudi tiong thang 1-5; cac sd dong dau ngoac (*) thd hien dp Idch chuan Kdt qua nghidn ciiu cung cho thay, mat dii NTM dugc thuc hien vdi muc dich gdp phan thuc day phat trien kmh te cho dia phuimg nhung nhan thiic cua ngudi dan ve tac ddng ciia NTM den hoat ddng san xuat cdng nghiep, y thiic bao ve mdi trudng cua cac CO sd ch^ bien cung nhu co sd tang phuc vu vui choi, giai tri cdn hiin chd 3.3 KA qua phSn tich cic y & td anh huong ddn miic hii ldng ciia ngudi dSn v^ xay dung NTM 3.3.1 Kdt qua kiem dinh chat luang ciia thang Nghien ciiu su dung he sd Cronbach's Alpha de Idem tra dp tin cay cac thang ciia nhan td (dan biet, dan ban, dan lam, dan kiem tra, hudng thu va su phuc vu cua chinh quyen dia phuong) cd anh hudng den miic dp hai ldng ciia nguoi dan ve xay dung NTM Nhimg nhan td cd hd sd Cronbach's /Upha nhd hon 0,6 se bi loai khdi md hinh nghidn ciiu va cac bien quan sat cd he sd tuong quan bidn tdng nhd hon 0,3 duoc xem la bien nhidu va cung duoc Ip^ khoi thang ciia cac nhan td [11] Qua phan tich Crpnbach's Alpha chp timg thang dp, md hinh cd tat ca thang dam bap chat luong vdi 20 bien quan sat dii dieu kien voi he sd Crpnbach's Alpha >0,6 chiing td cac thang cua nhan td cd dp tin cay cap Ngpai ra, 22 bien quan sat trpng nhdm nhan td dugc tien hanh phan tich thi cd bien quan sat ciia cac nhan td dan ban va su phuc vu cua chinh quydn dia phuong hi Ipai khdng dap ling cac didu kien Cac bien quan sat cdn lai cd he sd tupng quan bien tdng Ion hon 0,3 ndn deu su dung dd phan tich Bang Kdt qui phto Hch ch& lupng thang dp bang h^ sd Cronbach Alpha He sd Cronbach Alpha STT Nhdm bien Sd bien Bidn ddc lip 1 Miic dd hai ldng 0,956 Bidn phu thudc Dan bidt 0,912 Dan ban 0,943 Dan lam 4 0,878 Dan kidm tra 0,965 Hudng thu ket qua 0,929 Su phuc vu cua chinh quydn dia phuong 0,894 3.3.2 Ket qua phin tich nhan tdkhani phi • EFA Phan tich dupc thuc hien theo budc kiem dinh sau: Hfi sd tai nhan td cua cac bien quan sat dfiu ldn hon 0,5; chiing td cac bien quan sat cd dp tin cay va dupc xem la cd y nghia thuc tifin [4] Kiem dinh tinh tiiich hap cua EFA: hfi sd KMO - 0,926 >0,5 tiida man tinh thich hpp cua phan tich nhan td neu 0,5 < 140 Ngudn: Ketqua dieu tra nBm 2019, n=458 KMO < [4,16] Kiem dinh tuong quan ciia cac bien quan sat thudc dai difin: kiem dinh Bartlett cd miic y nghJa thdng ke d miic 1%, cho biet cac bidn quan sat tuong quan vdi tdng the va phii hpp de phan tich nhan td Kiem dmh miic dp giai thich cua cac bi^n quan sat ddi V('n nhan td: tn sd phuong sai dich (% cumulative vanance) la 75,862% > N O N G NGHIEP V A PHAT TRIEN N O N G THON - KY - THANG 8/2020 iCHOA HOC CdNG NGHt 50% Di^u cd nghia la 75,862% tiiay doi cua cac nhan to dupc giai thich bdi cac bidn quan sat Sau dd, thuc hifin cac budc xoay nhan td de dam bao cac bien quan sat thudc cac nhan td, cac he sd tai nhan td ldn hon 0,5 va dupc phan ddu tren cac nhan td Nhan td gdm bien quan sat va dupc ky hieu la F2: voi dac diem cua cac bien la thdng tin duoc phd hien va chia se tir chinh quyen den ngudi dan cung nhu kien thiic ciia ngudi dan ve NTM nfin nhan td dupc dat ten la T H O N G TIN vA KIEN THUC Bang cho thiy cac bien dac trung deu cd he sd tai nhan td (Factor loadmg) ldn hon 0,5 Ket qua phan tich cho thay cd nhan td dupc sap xep lai va khac vdi md hinh ly thuyet ban dau (cd nhan td) Nhu vay, dd danh gia su hai ldng ciia ngudi dan ddi vdi chuong trinh xay dung NTM, nghien cuu da gdp phan dd xuat chinh sua md hmh ly thuyet theo cac hien duoc trinh bay d phan tiep theo Nhan td gdm bien quan sat va dupc ky hifiu la F3: vdi cac dac diem ciia bifin ve tac ddng cua NTM den chat lupng cudc sdng, mdi trudng va san xuat nen nhan td duoc dat ten M LOI ICH CUA CHUONG TRINH Nhan td bao gom bidn quan sat va dupc ky hifiu la Fi: vdi cac dac didm cua bien gdm su tham gia cua chinh quyfin va ngudi dan cung nhu giam sat danh gia nfin nhan td dupc dac ten la VAI TRO CUA CHINH QUY^N vA NGUOI D A N Nhan td gdm bifin quan sat va dupc ky hieu la F4: vdi cac dac diem ciia bidn md ta su tham gia ddng gdp va thuc hien cua ngudi dan qua trinh xay dung NTM nfin nhan td dupc dat tfin la THAM GIA CUA NGUOI D A N Nhu vay, qua cac kiem dinh chat luang thang va cac kiem dinh ciia md hinh EFA, nhan difin cd thang dai difin cho cac yeu td tac ddng dfin su hai long cua cdng ddng vdi 20 bien dac tnmg BSng Kdt qua phSn tich nhSn \6 (EFA) Nhan td Bien Md ta bien F, Tuyen truyen ciia Nha nude 0,771 Thdng nhat de an NTM 0,775 Z2 Tham gia hop, gdp y de an 0,748 Chinh quyen khuyen khich, hd tro 0,744 Ct 0,723 Chinh quyen vin ddng ngudi dan W, 0,704 Tham gia kiem tra, giam sat 0,700 Vai trd cua ngudi dan Bidt duoc y nghia ciia vide xay dung NTM X Biet rd cac tieu chi xay dung NTM X, Chii ddng tim hieu thdng tin NTM X., DUPC cung cap cac tai lieu NTM X., DUPC phd bien kien thiic vd NTM X, Mdi trudng smh hpat cai diidn Qi An ninh trat tu duoc nang cao Q., Chat luong doi sdng duoc nang cao Q, San xuat duoc cai thidn Qj Gdp tai chinh chp vide xay dung NTM K, Gdp cdng lap ddng cho xay dung NTM K, Tham gia gdp dat cho xay dung NTM K, Tham gia thuc hidn cac tieu chi K, 0.5 < He sd KMO 0,926