CONG TAC KIEM SAT GIAI PHAP NANG CAO CHAT LUVNG TRANH TVNG CUA KIEM SAT VIEN TAI PHIEN TOA HINH SV HO DU'C ANH* V) trf, vai trd, hinh dnh, uy tin ciia ngdnh Kiim sat, ciia Kiim sdt vign du'p'c thi hifn ro n^t nhat thong qua ho^t dpng tranh t^ng tryc tiip, cdng khai, ddn chu tai phiSn tda; dd chat Ivgng tranh tyng cfia Kiim sdt vi@n Id yiu tl mang tinh quyit dinh Vi v^y, vifc ndng cao hifu qud, ch^t Ivpng hoat d$ng tranh tung ciia Kiim sdt vi&n t^i phien tda x^t xir cdc vu dn hinh su- Id v4n dl can thudng xuySn quan tdm \ Tir khoa: Tranh tying cua Kiem sdt vien; Kiem sdt viin; thuc hdnh quyen cong to; kiem sdt xet xu Nhgn bdi: 25/3/2020; bien tap xong: 01/4/2020; duyet bdi: 07/4/2020 Ding ta da xie dinhttanhtiongtai phien tda Ii mgt ngi dung ttgng tam ttong Chien lupc cii cich tu phap den nam 2020, theo dd, Nghi quyet sd 08-NQ/TW ngiy 02/01/2002 ciia Bp Chinh tii da yeu eiu nginh Kiem sit nhan dan phai nang eao chat lugng cdng to tgi phien toi, bio dam ttanh ti^g din chii vdi Iuat su, ngudi bao ch&a, nhung ngudi tham gia td tyng khic va ket qui tranh ti^g Ii co sd de Tda an bin in, quyit dinh; Nghj quyit sd 49-NQ/TW 02/6/2005 ctia Bg Chinh tti da nang tim y nghia cita nhifm vu nay, khang dinh hogt dpngti:aiihti^gtgi phien tda la ndi dung dot phi cua cac co quan m phip, ddng thdi yeu cau CO quan huge tgi phii nang cao chat lugng tranh tyng tgi tit ci cic phien tda xet Xli cic vy in hmh su Quin triet chu truong niy cua Ding, Dilu 103 Hiln phip nam 2013 quy dinh "Nguyen tac ttong tranh tyng dugc dam bio"; Bp luat To tyng hinh sy (BLTTHS) nam 2015 da bd sung nguyen tic "ttanh tyng ttong xet xir dugc dim bao", tir cd nhiiu quy dinh mdi de nguyen tic dugc thyc thi, nhu: (Juy dinh them quyen cua ngudi bi budc tpi, quyen cua ngudi bio chua, hogt ddng td tyng cua Kiem sit vien (KSV), trinh tu ttanh luan, ddi dap tgi phien tda, trich nhiem ciia Hdi ddng xet xur Trien khai thi hanh Hien phap nam 2013 vi BLTTHS nam 2015 vl tt^nh timg, Vifn * Vg tru&ng Vu thtrc hanh quyen cong to va kiem sat xet xu- hinh str (Vy 7), Vi^n kiSm s^t nhan dan t6i cao Tap chi _KIEM SAT I CANG T&C KIEM SAT trudng Vifn kiim sit (VKS) nhin dan tdi cao da ban hinh va quyet hel ehi dgo thyc hifn Chi thi sd 09/CT-VKSTC ngiy 06/4/2016 vl "Tang cudng cic bifn phip ning cao chit Iugng tranh n^g ciia Kiem sat vien tgi phien tda" vdi 10 yeu cau nhifm vy cy the; ddng thdi xic djnh diy li mdt tiong nhirng ngi dung cdng tic trpng tim hing nim cua nginh Kiem sit nhan din Trudc yeu cau dd, thdi gian qua, VKS nhin din cic cip da trien khai dong bp nhieu giii phip nhdm ning cao chat Iugng, hifu qua tranh tyng eiia KSV vi dgt dupc mpt so kit qui quan trpng Dpi ngu KSV da tdnttpngnguyen tic xic djnh sy thgt vy an, nguyen tic suy doan \ d tgi, san sing chip nhgn nhihig lgp Iugn cd cin cu, dimg phip lugt ciia ngudi bio chira de dua quan diem xir Iy; chii dgng lim tdt vifc ti^nh Iu|in, d6i dip tgi phien tda; chit Iugng, van hda tranh tyng cd nhieu tien bp, gdp phin khing djnh vj tri, vai trd, trich nhifm ciia VKS, KSV; dugc Ding, Nha nudc va nhan din ghi nhgn, dinh gia cao Tuy nhien, tten thyc te van cdn trudng hgp KSV nggi ddi difn vdi cie vy in phiic tgp, ed nhieu Lugt su; chua ddi tyng day dii, den ciing tiing vin de ngudi bio chiia dua ra; quan diem d6i dip cdn chung chung, chua hvc tiep hudng den Iim sing td van de, chua Iim chil dirge tinh hudng tranh tyng; thieu ty tm, mit binh tinh ddi dap ho$c If thupc vao nhung npi dung da dy kien Iim cho quan diem ddi dip thieu thuyet phyc; vifc ling dyng cdng nghf thdng tm de ho trg tt^nh ti^g cdn hgn che Tir dd dan den mpt sd \T^ in mi VKS truy td nhung Tda in myen bj cio khdng phgm tpi hogc myen hiiy in de dieu tra, xet xu Igi, Iim inh hudng xiu den uy tin ciia nginh, gay biic xiic du T9P chi t KIKM s \ l S6nyM20 luan Nguyen nhan ciia nhihig tdn tgi neu tren chii yiu cdng tae quan ly, chi dgo dilu hinh chua siu sit, thieu quyet lift; ning lyc, trach nhifm, bin Iinh ciia mpt sd KS\' cdn yiu Detiipti^cehinh ddn, ning cao chit Iugng tranh ti^g cua KSV tgi phien tda, coi hogt dgng niy la mgt npi dung trpng tim, trung tim ciia thyc hinh quyen cdng td, chimg tdi nhgn thiy cin thiet phai thyc hifn cic giii phip co bin nhu sau: Tdng cudng qudn ly, chi date hoat dpng tranh tpng ciia Kiim sdt viSn, ddc bift Id tranh luan, dli ddp tai phi§n tda hinh sp* Vdi tinh than "Kiem sit vien tot, chat lugng tranh ti^g se tdt", lanh dgo, quan Iy cua VKS cic cip nen can nhic theo tung trudng hgp de lya chpn, phan edng KSV cd nang Iyc, kinh nghifm phii hgp vdi tinh chat, miic dp, npi dung vy in; ddng thdi theo sil, ehi dgo nghifp vu ddi vdi KSV tii giai dogn diu ciia td ti^g hinh sy, bio dim yeu td tranh tyng xuit hifn tir giai dogn dieu tta va ttong hoat dpng kiim sit Ddi vdi cdc vu in ldn, nghiem ttgng, phiie tgp, dupc du Iugn quan tam, can chgn KSV gidi vi nhieu KSV thy Iy giii quyit E>di vdi vy in VKS cip tten phan cdng cho VKS cap dudi thyc hinh quyin cdng td va kiem sat x6t xir, ein tgo dilu kifn dl Kiem sit vien VKS cap dudi dupc tiip can, tham gia kiim sit dieu tt^ vy an eang sdm cing tot, dl cd dli thdi gian nim chic, Iim chii hd so vu an, tii dd Iim tdt nhifm vy tranh tyng tgi phien tda Trong thdi gian gin day, kl tii BLTTHS nam 2015 cd hifu lyc, thyc tl xuit hifn nhieu vy an Idn, phiic tgp, cd nhiiu bj cio vi nhieu Luit su tham gia, thim chi ed nhieu Lugt su bio chira cho mpt bj cio, gip CONG TAC KIEM SAT nhieu lan so vdi sd Iugng KSV ihuc hanh cdng td tgi phien toa Vi vgy, tiiy theo yeu ciu ciia vy in, can xem xet, thinh I ^ 'Td giup vifc" cd nhifm vu trye tiep tham du phien tda de hd trp vl thdng tin, nghiep vu va Xli Iy tinh hudng ciing vdi KSV, dgc bift Ii xu Iy cac tinh hudng ngudi tham gia td tyng dua chiing cii, tai lifu, dd vat tgi phien tda Doi vdi nhung vy an nghiemttgng,phiic tap, du luan dac bift quan tam, lanh dao VKS nen td chirc hgp de nghe KSV bao cio, cap nhit va cd y kien chi dgo kip thdi sau moi ngiy xet xir, dinh hudng cho KSV nhiing vifc cin lim ttong phien xet xii tiep theo, gdp phin bio vf cdng quan diem truy to, budc tpi ciia VKS, xii ly tinh hudng mdi phit sinh tgi phien tda bio dim cd can cti, diing phip luit Thudng xuySn hoac dpt xuat theo doi phien tda x6t xii vy in hinh su cua cap minh vi cip dudi thdng qua he thdng truyen hlnh trye tuyen de nam bat, chi dgo chin chinh hogt dgng ttanh tyng ciia KSV, Iim cho KSV ludn cd y thiie de cao trich nhiem, khang dinh bin liiih, ehii ttgng chit Iugng thuc hifn nhifm vy Kiim sdt vi§n phdi chii trpng va Iden quyit t h ^ hifn d4y du, hifu qud nhihig nhifm vp, quyen han theo quy dinh cua Bp iupt To tpng hinh sy nam 2015, dac bift Id 07 hoat dpng dilu tra bat buoc Kiim sdt viSn phdi tham gia, nham tao tien de tranh tpng tot tai phien tda Theo quy dinh cua BLTTHS nam 2015, hogt ddng tranh tung thyc hifn hi giai doan dieu tra cho den giai dogn xet xir so thim, phuc thim va giim ddc tham, nhat la sy bmh dang ttong vifc thu tiiap, cung cap chiing Cli giiia ben huge tdi va ben bio chiia Tranh tyng bat diu tii giai dogn dieu tra nhung tranh tung tgi phien tda lgi mang tinh quyet dinh, bdi ban an, quyet dinh cua Tda in se can cii vao ket qui tranh luin, ddi dip cdng khai, tryc dien tai phien tda Do dd, "cdng td giai doan dieu tra tdt, tranh tyng tgi phien tda se tdt" De gdp phan bio dim nguyen tic tranh ti^g, BLTTHS nam 2015 da quy dinh KSV phii tham gia 07 hogt dgng dieu tra, dd la: Kham nghifm hifn tmdng, kham nghifm tit thi, kham xet, ddi chat, nhgn dgng, nhgn biet gigng ndi vi thyc nghifm dieu tra de nam chic, lim chii hf thdng chiing cii, tai tieu phye vy hogt dgng tranh tyng tai phien tda Kiem sit vien phii thudng xuyen bim sit hoat dpng dieu tra vi tryc tiep tham gia cic hoat dpng dieu tra theo quy djnh nham nam bat ci cic thdng tin ben ll vy in, bd ttg cho hogt dpngtt^nhtyng vi xir Iy cic tinh hudng phit sinh tai phien tda Ngay sau ±y ly kiem sat hd so tin bio, td giac hogc hd so vy an, KSV phii theo sit tien trinh dieu tra; chu dpng de yeu cau dieu tra, thu thap chiing cur; tham gia day dit 07 hoat ddng dieu tra neu tten de tryc tiep ghi nhgn, dinh gii, sii dyng chiing Cli, tii lifu phyc vy cho vifc tmy td, huge tgi vi tranh tyng tgi phien tda Neu chat lupng nhiing hoat dgng tdt thi nang Iim chit cua KSV ttong tranh tung se tdt, tmh hudng phit smh tai phien tda it xiy ra; hf thdng chiing cii KSV cdng bd va diing de budc tdi diy dii, chac chan va tinh thuyet phuc cao, hgn che tdi da viec Tda an myen bi cao khdng pham tdi, tra hd so de dieu tra bd sung hogc xir huy an de dieu tra Igi Ngoii ra, vifc kiem sit chat che hogt dpng dilu tta se phit hien, ngan ngira hogc khac phye sdm nhiing vi pham phip Iuat td tyng nghiem ttgng lim mat di hoge giim silt ding kl gia tii chiing minh ciia chiing cti, giiip S611/2020 Tap chi _KIE\1 SAT ! C6NG TAG KIEM SAT cho KSV hgn che hoac khdng phai ti^nh luin, ddi d i p ve nhimg vi phgm td tyng m i ngudi bio chua, ngirdi tham gia td tyng thudng dua tai phien tda Kiem sdt vien phdi chii dong dpkien vd xir ly tot tinh huong ngudi bao chira cung cap chung cu, tdi lieu mdi tai phien tda Bg luat Td tyng hinh sy nim 2015 da xic lgp quyen binh dang giiia hai ben (huge tpi v i gd tpi) vifc thu thip, cung cip va dinh gii chiing cii, tii lifu; bd sung nhieu quyen cho ngudi bao chiia, ngudi tham gia td tyng dupc thu thip, cung cip chung cir, tai hf u chiing minh tgi phgm, ngudi phgm tpi Trong nhieu vy in gin diy, cic Luit su da vgn dyng tdi da quyen niy, thudng chu dgng tim kiem, thu thgp, xic lgp chiing cir go tpi, chung cti ngogi phgm ddi vdi than ehii, lya chgn eac hinh thiic de ^ i nhgn, the hifn nhimg chiing cii da thu dugc (tii lifu, dii lifu difn tu hay lap vi bang ) ddng thdi cin nhac thdi diem cung cap, cdng bd chiing cir dd theo cich cd lgi nhit ddi vdi vifc bio chua ciia hg Dieu niy se tic dpng, inh hudng tivc difn den chat lugng, hifu qui tranh tyng ciia KSV, nhit Ii tai phien tda xet Xli cic vu in dugc bio chi, du Iugn quan tam Dilu 81 BLTTHS nam 2015 quy dinh ngudi bio chira cd quyen thu thip chiing cii v i phii kip thdi giao nop cho co quan cd tham quyen tien hinh td tyng nhung thyc te cd nhieu vy in hp ehi xuit trinh chiing cii tranh Iugn, ddi dap tgi phien tda, lim cho KSV bi dpng de limg tiing Vi viy, KSV phai nam chae cac quy dinh ve thii tye tiep nhgn xem xet; chii ddng nam bat thdng tin lien quan dy kien cac tinh hudng Luit su, ngudi tham gia td tung cung cap tii lieu, chimg cu tgi phien tda de xii ly Tap chi 10' K i E M S A T _ Soll/2020 Diln hinh i i ttirdng hgp Lugt su cung c i p dii lieu difn tii tai phien tda (file ghi am hogc file ghi hinh cd am thanh) v i de nghi Hdi ddng xet xir xem xet Khi gap tinh huong niy, KSV d l nghi chii tga phien tda hdi ro ve ngudn gdc thdng tin, thdi gian thu t h i p (khoin Dieu 81, khoin Dilu 88 BLTTHS nam 2015), tiin hinh lap bien bin tiip nhin v i chuyen cho KSV d l nghien ciiu, d i n h g i i (Dieu 253 BLTTHS nam 2015) Sau nghien cim du lieu difn tii dd, KSV phii tti ldi dupc c i c cau hdi sau: Cd hay khdng cd chting Cli dii lifu difn tir; chiing cir (neu cd) phin inh dieu gl; miic dp tac dgng cita chiing Cli dd den sy thgt vy i n , vifc giii quyet vy i n nhu the n i o ? Tren eo sd dd, KSV cd the xir Iy theo mpt ttong nhiing each sau: (I) Bac bd npi dung cita dir lifu difn tir; (2) Tiep tyc Iim ro van de dupc phin anh thdng qua xet hdi, ttanh luan, ddi dip; (3) Be nghj tgm dimg phien tda de xie minh Iam ro; (4) Bk nghi tti hd so d l dieu tta bd sung; (5) Sir dyng chiing cii dd de dua quan diem giii quyet vy in Trong thyc te, de chii dpng hcm, ttong phin thil tyc phien tda, KSV cd thi dua y kien ve vifc neu ngudi tham gia td tyng khdng giao ngp chiing cir, KSV se can cu vio quy djnh ve thdi dilm giao ngp, de de nghi Hgi ddng xet xir khdng chip nhan (Dilu 81 BLTTHS nam 2015) Tao dieu kifn de ngirdi bdo chira tham gia sdrm va thuc hifn day du quyen cua hp theo quy dinh cua phdp lugt De gdp phan bio dim tranh tiong tdt tai phien tda, KSV cin nhin thirc sy tiiam gia ciia ngudi bio chiia tir giai dogn sdm nhit cd the, nhu Ii mpt "kenh" soat, phit hifn tir sdm nhiing thiiu sdt, sai lim hogc vi CONG TAC KIEM SAT pham ciia ca quan, ngudi tien hinh td tung (niu cd) d l khic phuc; neu de den giai doan xet xir, vifc sira chira nhiing sai Iim dd la eham tti, bi dpng, tdn kem va se khd khan ban Vi vay, thdng qua tiep xiic, Iam viec vdi Luit su, KSV cd the nam bat sdm quan dilm, hudng b i o chiia, dgc biet la nhiing so hd, thieu sdt hg phat hifn thdng qua viec ggp hdi ngudi bi bugc tdi, bi can, hi cio; tham gia Iiy Idi khai, hdi cung; nghien ciiu hd so vu an , tir cd bien phip de bd sung, khic phyc kip thdi, han che trudng hgp ngudi ngudi bao chiia neu vi pham td tyng de bic bd chimg cd bugc tpi tranh tyng tai phien tda Mat khic, thyc te cho thay, nhung ldi khai ban dau cua ngudi bi bugc tpi thudng khich quan v i neu su tham gia cita ngudi bio chiia ttong cic bien ban lay Idi khai va bien bin hdi cung bi can ban dau se la ngudn chiing cii cd y nghTa quan ttpng ttong vifc chdng phin cung ve sau; ttong nhieu vy in, KSV da lay nhiing ldi khai ban dau cd su tham gia ciia Luit su de b i c bd Idi phin cung hoac td cio hi biic cung, nhyc hinh cua bi eao Vi vgy, KSV can logi bd tam ly e nggi, de chimg Luat su, khdng mudn hg tham gia sdm, sau vao giai dogn dau ciia q u i trinh td tung ddi vdi vy in; ddng thdi tgo dieu kien de hg thuc hien dung, du quyen theo luat dinh, gdp pban bio dam ttanh tung ve sau dat ket qua tdt, ttanh oan, sai P h l i h ^ tot vdi cdc cff quan tien hdnh to tpng, cff quan lien quan den boat dpng xet xu* Lanh dao, KSV cin thudng xuyen ttao ddi vdi lanh dgo Ca quan dilu tta va Dilu tra vien ve nhiing vin d l mdi phat sinh ciia vy an; phdi hop xic minh Iam rd va bd sung kip thdi, b i o dam khdng de chiing cii thieu hoac yeu; cung can ket ndi vdi co quan giam dinh, Giam dinh vien de ttao ddi, nam chac nhiing ndi dung lien quan, nhit la nhiing vin de cd rinh chuyen nganh siu de chii ddng, chinh xac franh luan; nhieu tmdng hgp, neu chi gidi han nghien ciiu ttong ket iugn giam dinh la chua dii de ttanh tyng Thyc te cho thay, ttong nhieu vu an, Lugt su da phan cdng dgc, nghien cim rat ky, tham chi nhd dgi ngii chuyen gia giai thieh ve nhung van de khoa hgc chuyen sau lien quan den giim dinh, tir dd hg dua nhiing cau hdi rat sau, khd ddi vdi Giim dinh vien, KSV tai phien tda Neu KSV khdng chu dpng nghien ciiu ky, thara vin cic chuyen gia chuyen nginh thi se rat khd ddi dip, tir dan den quan diera ttanh luan se thieu thuyet phyc Tren co sd phan logi ngudi bao chua, KSV chil ddng phdi hgp, de nghi chii tpa phien tda dieu hanh phien tda theo hudng d i m b i o cho KSV ttanh luan, ddi dap day dil, triet de ddi vdi ngudi tham gia td tung, dac biet la ngudi bao chiia Kinh nghiem cho thay, ddi vdi cac vu an cd nhieu Luat su thi sap xep de cac Luat su cd ngi dung bao chiia ddi lap tien hanh ttanh luan vdi trudc KSV ddi dap Dieu vira dam bao diing quy dinh tgi Dieu 320 BLTTHS nam 2015 vira giup cho KSV cd the dinh gia, sir dung cic y kien da ttanh luan ciia Luat su cho phan ddi d i p cita minh Kiem sat vien cd the ttanh luan, ddi dap theo nhdra van de (cd the nhieu ngudi dua ra), khdng theo timg Luat su (vi sd lugng rat ldn); vdi each niy, npi dung ddi dap se bao quit het cac van de, khdng bd lot, khdng trung lap, khoa hpc va dat hieu q u i hon Tap chi \ _ K I E M SAT 11 CdNG TAC EZEM SAT Tang cutmg dao tao ky ndng tranh tpng theo hinh thirc tryc tuyen, gdn vdi phien toa xet xir cdc vu dn dien hinh Quin trift chi dao cua Vifn trudng Vien kiem sit nhan din toi cao, lanh dao VKS cic cip tiepti^cphdi h