VAI TRO CUA PHAP LUAT VE QUAN LY MOI TRU^CJNG VA CAC YEU TO BAO DAM THlJC HIEN PHAP LUAT VE QUAN LY MOI TRU'dNG TAI VIET NAM HIEN NAY PHAM H U N G N G O C DUNG'* Tom tdt: Moi trUdng co vai tro quan trgng tgo khong gian song cho ngUdi Vdn de bdo ve mdi triidng luon diCgc Ddng vd Nhd niidc quan tdm; dgc biet, thong qua cdc cong cu qudn ly nhit chinh sdch, quy hogch, phdp luat, kinh te Bdi vie't tap trung ldm ro 05 vai tro cua phdp luat ve bdo ve moi trUdng vd 04 yen td ddm bdo thiic hien phdp ludt ve qudn ly moi triidng Bdy la nhiing ca sd quan trgng, la cdn cd ddnh gid ket qud vd trien khai cong cu phdp luat qudn ly moi triidng tgi Viet Nam hien Tit khoa: Bdo ve mdi triidng; phdp luat moi triidng; qudn ly moi triidng Abstract: Natural environment creates living spaces for human As a result, the Communist Party and the government have always given special attention to environmental protection, using management tools like policy, planning, law, economic interventions, etc This article discussed the roles of environmental law in environmental protection and factors ensuring the execution of environmental laws in Vietnam These are important foundations for the use and evaluation of management tools in environmental management in Vietnam Keywords: Environmental protection; environmental law; environmental management Ngdy nhan bdi: 11/11/2018; Ngdy sda bdi: 10/01 / 2019; Ngdy duyet ddng bdi: 27 / 02/2019 D a t v a n d^ Mdi trfldng cd y nghia dac biet q u a n trpng, la ye'u td quye't dinh sU sinh tdn ciia toan the n h a n loai va h e sinh thai t r e n trai da't, la nen t a n g quan trpng eho sU tdn tai va phat trien ben vflng eua mpi qud'e gia Quan ly mdi trUdng vfla la nhiem vu, vfla la thach thflc ma mpi qud'e gia t r e n the gidi ludn dac biet quan t a m giai quye't, khdng p h a n biet la qudc gia da phat trien hay dang phat trien Xac dinh va'n de quan ly mdi trUdng la mpt nhiem vu trpng t a m qua t r i n h xay dung va p h a t trien da't nUdc; thdi gian qua, dae biet la giai doan tfl n a m 1986 de'n D a n g va N h a nflde ta ludn quan t a m trien k h a i ddng bd nhieu bien p h a p (nhu; p h a p Mat, ehinh sach, kinh te, khoa hpc - cdng nghe, giao d u e ) n h i m quan ly mdi trUdng, dd p h a p Mat dupe xem n h u [Q la cdng eu hflu hieu, ed y n g h i a q u a n trpng nha't cdng tac q u a n ly radi trfldng, vdi viec h a n g loat cac v a n b a n p h a p l u a t lien q u a n de'n v a n de mdi trfldng d a dUdc N h a nfldc b a n h a n h , dien h i n h cd t h e ke den n h u L u a t Bao ve mdi trUdng, L u a t Khoang san, L u a t Tai n g u y e n nfldc, L u a t Bao ve va p h a t trien rflng, L u a t Da dang sinh hpc Bai vie't vdi muc tieu l a m rd vai trd cua p h a p M a t ve q u a n ly mdi trUdng va p h a n tieh cae yeu to'bao d a m thile Men p h a p M a t vg q u a n ly mdi t r u d n g se lara can cfl de trien k h a i eac quy dinh cua Nha nudc q u a n ly mdi trudng t a i cac dia ban cu the P h a p M a t la cdng cu dac t r u n g va ed y ThS., Cong ty Trach nhiem hQu han ^i., ^ , ,.u mai NUdng Ninh Ngoc: ' ^ ' ' ^^ '^^^«"g Email'phamhungtiendungstphn@gmail.com NHAN LUG KHOA HOC XA HOI SO 3-2019 PHAM HUNG NGOC DUNG nghia dae biet q u a n trpng t r o n g viec q u a n ly xa hpi ndi chung, q u a n ly mdi trUdng ndi rieng Trong va'n di q u a n ly mdi trfldng, p h a p M a t quy d i n h cac quy t a c x ^ sU chung b a t bupc mpi ngUdi p h a i t u a n theo k h i t h a m gia k h a i t h a c v a s\i d u n g eac t h a n h p h a n raoi trUdng, thfle h i e n eae boat ddng cd a n h h u d n g den mdi trfldng; phap Mat quy dinh eac bien p h a p ehe t a i vd" h a n h ehinh, h i n h sfl, k i n h t e bupc mpi td ehfle, ca n h a n p h a i cd t h a i dp flng xii dung d i n vdi mdi trfldng, gdp p h i n q u a n ly, bao ve mdi trfldng; p h a p M a t quy d i n h cac quy chu^n, tieu c h u i n mdi t r u d n g , la cd sd phap ly de theo ddi, d a n h gia, q u a n ly mdi trfldng cung nhfl xit ly cac h a n h vi vi pham p h a p M a t ve mdi trfldng; p h a p Mat quy dinh cd eau td ehfle, ehflc n a n g , nhiem vu ciia h e thd'ng eae ed q u a n q u a n ly mdi trUdng, quy dinh q u y e n b a n , t r a c h nhiem ciia mpi td chflc, ca n h a n t r o n g xa hoi thara gia vao q u a t r i n h q u a n ly v a bao ve moi trfldng; p h a p M a t quy d i n h viec giai quyet cae va'n de t r a n h cha'p ve mdi trfldng p h a t sinh t r o n g xa bdi Tfl nhiing p h a n tieh va M a n giai tren, cd the dUa r a k h a i niem p h a p M a t ve q u a n ly mdi trfldng nhfl sau: P h a p M a t ve q u a n ly mdi trUdng la h e thong cac quy t i e xii sil chung ed q u a n n h a nfldc ed t h a m quyen ban h a n h dfldi h i n h thfle v a n b a n quy pham phap M a t v a dfldc bao d a m thfle hien bang cac bien p h a p che t a i cua N h a nUdc de (heu cMnh cac q u a n h e xa hpi p h a t sinh qua t r i n h q u a n ly, k h a i thac, sii dung, gifl gin va bao ve cac t h a n h p h i n mdi trfldng, n h a m hUdng tdi mue tieu bao d a m quyen mpi ngfldi dUde sd'ng t r o n g mdi trfldng lanh, ket hpp chat che va h a i hda gifla t a n g trUdng kinh te, bao d a m tie'n bo xa hdi va bao ve mdi trUdng Vai t r o c u a p h a p l u a t v e q u a n ly moi t r i i d n g Phap M a t vdi t u each la h e thd'ng cac sd 3-2919 quy p h a m dieu chinh h a n h vi x\i sfl eua ngudi ed vai trd ra't q u a n trpng t r o n g viec q u a n ly mdi trUdng, t h e hien q u a nhflng k h i a c a n h sau: Mgt Id, p h a p M a t q u y d i n h eae q u y t a c xu: s u c h u n g b i t bupc eon ngUdi p h a i thfle h i e n t r o n g q u a t r i n h k h a i t h a c v a sxi d u n g cae t h a n h p h i n mdi trfldng Mdi trfldng vfla la d i e u k i e n sd'ng, vfla la dd'i t u p n g chiu sfl t a c ddng h a n g n g a y c u a ngfldi Sfl t a c d d n g ciia ngfldi da va d a n g M m eho c h a t l u p n g mdi t r u d n g n g a y c a n g s u y g i a m , g a y a n h h u d n g xa'u de'n ngfldi v a s i n h v a t Do dd, p h a p M a t vdi tU each la cdng cu dieu c b i n b h a n h vi c u a eae chii t h e t r o n g x a hdi ed t a c d u n g r a t Idn t r o n g viec d i n h h u d n g q u a t r i n h k h a i t h a c va sxi d u n g cac t h a n h p h i n mdi trfldng, b a o d a m cac h a n h vi c u a ngfldi k h d n g gay ba't lpi de'n mdi t r U d n g , b a n che' nhflng t a c h a i , n g a n ngfla suy t h o a i va d n h i i m mdi trUdng Chang ban, Luat Khoang san n a m 2010 q u y d i n h v e b a o ve radi trUdng t r o n g h o a t ddng k h o a n g s a n : (1) To chflc, ca n h a n b o a t ddng k h o a n g s a n p h a i sxi d u n g cdng n g h e , t h i e t bi, v a t lieu t h a n t h i e n vdi mdi t r u d n g ; t h u c h i e n cae g i a i p h a p n g a n ngfla, g i a m t h i e u t a c ddng xa'u de'n mdi trfldng va cai tao, p h u c hdi mdi t r u d n g t h e o q u y d i n h cua p h a p M a t (2) To ehfle, ca n h a n boat ddng k h o a n g s a n p h a i thflc Men cac giai p h a p va ebiu raoi ehi phi bao ve, eai tao, phue hdi mdi trfldng Giai phap, chi p h i bao ve, cai tao, p h u c hdi mdi trfldng p h a i dUde xac dinh t r o n g dfl a n d i u tfl, bao cao d a n h gia t a c dpng moi trudng, b a n cam ke't bao ve moi trfldng dupe cd q u a n q u a n ly n h a nUdc cd t h a r a quyen p h e duyet (3) TrUdc k h i tie'n h a n h k h a i t h a c k h o a n g san, td chflc, ea n h a n k h a i t h a c NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi Q VAI TRO CUA PHAP LUAT VE QUAN LY MOI TRUONG Nghi dinh so' 155/2016/ND'CP n g a y khoang san phai ky quy cai tao, phuc hdi 18/11/2016 eua CMnh p h u quy dinh ve xii radi trfldng theo quy dinh ciia Chinh phu'^' Hai Id, phap Mat quy dinh cae che' tai phat vi pham hdnh chink Hnh vUc h a n h chinh, kinh te, hinh sU de bude cac bdo ve moi trudng Nghi d i n h sd' 46/2016/ND-CP n g a y ea nhan, td chflc phai thflc hien d l y dii cac yeu e l u eua phap l u a t viec k h a i thac 26/5/2016 eua CMnh p h u quy dinh xii va sxi dung eae t h a n h p h a n radi trUdng phat vi pham hdnh chinh Unh viic Trong thflc te, eudc sd'ng khd k h a n hoac giao thong diidng bg vd diidng sdt - Nghi dinh sd' 121/2013/ND-CP chi nghi den ldi ich eua m i n h m a thdng thfldng cae chu the s i n sang bd qua cac ldi 10/10/2013 eua CMnh p h u quy dinh xii ich chung ciia xa hdi, vi p h a m cac quy phat vi pham hdnh chinh hogt dgng dinh eua phap Mat ve q u a n ly radi trUdng xdy diing; kinh doanh bdt dgng sdn; khai Chang ban, tai Hpi nghi ve cac giai p h a p thdc, sdn xudt, kinh doanh vdt lieu xdy khdi phuc rflng ben vflng vflng Tay diing; qudn ly cong trinh hg, tdng ky thuat; Nguyen n h i m flng phd vdi bien ddi qudn ly phdt trien nhd vd cdng sd h a u d i l n r a vao t h i n g 6/2016, T h u tfldng Nghi d i n h so' 139/2013/ND-CP Chinh phii da tuyen bd' ddng cxia ta't ea 22/10/2013 cua C h i n h phii quy dinh xu: rflng tfl nhien, nhflng sau dd tinh t r a n g phat vi pham hdnh chinh ve khai thdc vd khai thac rflng t r a i phep, vi p h a m p h a p bdo ve cong trinh thuy ldi; de dieu; phong, Mat q u a n ly va bao ve rflng van dien chong lut, bdo d nhieu ndi; tinh t r a n g xa cha't thai bfla - Nghi d i n h so' 142/2013/ND-CP bai, gay d nhiem mdi trfldng van xay r a 24/10/2013 cua C b i n b phii quy dinh ve xit tfldng dd'i phd bie'n, dang chu y la vu Cdng phat vi pham hdnh chinh link viic ty Formosa Ha Tinh xa cbd't t h a i trai tdi nguyen niidc vd khodng sdn phep, gay d nhiem moi trUdng ngbiem Ba Id, p h a p M a t quy d i n h chflc nang, trpng khu vUc bien mien Trung dfldc p h a t nMem vu, quyen b a n eua cac cd quan, td Men thang va t h a n g 6/2016''", ehfle q u a n ly radi trfldng Thilc t e da chflng Do dd, cae che tai ma phap Mat quy minh, t a t ca cae linh vile ddi sd'ng xa dinh cd vai trd quan trpng viec bao hdi deu can cd sU q u a n ly eua N h a nudc va ve lpi ich ciia ehinh ca nhan, to ehfle va ldi mdi trUdng eung khdng p h a i la ngoai le ieh ehung, lau dai eua xa hdi Cae che tai Quan ly mdi trUdng la mdt cdng viee ra't dan sfl, h a n h chinh, hinh su khdng ehi ed khd k h a n va phUc t a p mdi trfldng cd tac dung trflng phat, ngan ngfla, giao due, p h a m vi rpng va ket ca'u phfle t a p , n e n viec cai tao chii the vi pham phap Mat mdi quan ly, bao ve mdi trfldng ddi hdi p h a i cd trfldng ma cdn cd tae dung r a n de, canh be thd'ng eac ed quan, td ehflc q u a n ly thich bao cae chu thd khac tfl giac t u a n theo cac hpp, boat ddng hieu qua quy dinh ciia phap Mat ve' quan ly mdi P h a p Mat cd vai trd ra't q u a n trfldng Qua dd, n g a n ngUa va b a n che eae viec tao r a cd che' hoat ddng M§u tac ddng xa'u de'n mdi trudng eon ngudi qua eho cae ed quan, td ehfle q u a n ly mdi gay Hien nay, eac che tai dupc quy dinh tai ra't nhieu van ban phap Mat '" Quoc hoi na6c Cong hoa xa hoi chu ni^hT v - ^ M chuyen n g a n h khac nhau, dien Mnh cd t h e khoa XII (2011), Ludt Khodng stSmlmfl"'^ Lao dong, Ha Not, tr.32, ^ ^^^^^ ^"^^ ke de'n mdt sd'van b a n nhU: '" Bo Tai nguyen va Moi truong (20181 R - Bd luat Hinh sU n a m 2015 trUbng qudc gia 2018, Ha Npi '^'^° '"^^ Q NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA HOI SO 3-2919 PHAM HUNG NGOC DUNG trfldng Thdng qua phap luat, Nha nfldc quy dinh chflc nang, nhiem vu, quyen han ciia cac ed quan, td chflc viee quan ly mdi trfldng, tao ed sd phap ly de cac ed quan, to ehfle hoan td't ehfle trach, nhiem vu vi quan ly mdi trfldng Chang ban, Uy ban Thfldng vu Quo'c hdi da ban hanh Phap lenh Canh sat mdi trfldng 23/12/2014, Phap lenh da quy dinh vi tri, chflc nang, nhiem vu, quyen ban, td chflc, cac dieu kien bao dam boat dpng, che dp, chinh sach va trach nhiem eua cd quan, td ehfle dd'i vdi Canh sat mdi trfldng'^' Boh la, phap Mat quy dinh cae quy chuan ky thuat mdi trfldng Theo Luat Bao ve mdi trfldng nam 2014, quy chuan ky thuat mdi trfldng dupc hieu la "Mfle gidi ban eiia cac thdng so' va cha't Iflpng mdi trUdng xung quanh, ham Ifldng cua cac cha't gay d nhilm ed cha't thai, cac yeu cau ky thuat va quan ly dflpe cd quan nha nfldc cd tham quyen ban hanh dudi dang van ban bat budc ap dung de bao ve mdi trfldng"*^* Tfl quy dinh tren CO the hieu, quy ehuin ky thuat mdi trfldng thflc chat cbinh la cae tieu chuan ky thuat, nhflng dUdc ban hanh dUdi dang van ban phap ly nen trd cac tieu ehuan phap ly va ed gia tri bat bupc ap dung Day ehinh la edng cu phap ly quan trpng de phdng ngfla, giam thieu d nhilm mdi trUdng, la bien phap budc eac chu the phai cha'p hanh cd eac boat dpng tac dpng de'n mdi trUdng, la cd sd phap ly de cae ed quan nha nUde cd tham quyg'n xac dinh, xii ly va truy cflu trach nhiem do'i vdi eac hanh vi vi pham phap luat ve mdi trUdng De'n nay, da cd ra't nhieu quy chuan ky thuat mdi trUdng dflpe ban hanh, vi du: QCVN 06: 2009/BTNMT - Quy chuan ky thuat qud'e gia ve mdt so' eha't doe hai khdng xung quanh, QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT 3^3-2019 - Quy ehuan ky thuat qud'e gia ve tie'ng on, QCVN 62-MT: 2016/BTNMT - Quy chuan ky thuat qud'e gia ve nUdc thai chan nudi Ndm Id, phap Mat quy dinh viee giai quye't cae tranh cha'p ve mdi trUdng Trong qua trinh khai thac, sii dung eac phan mdi trudng, gifla cac to chflc, ca nhan ed the xay nhflng tranh chap vdi va day chinh la tranh cha'p ve mdi trfldng Tranh cha'p ve mdi trfldng cd the la tranh chap ve quyen, trach nhiera bao ve mdi trUdng khai thac, sxi dung eae phin radi trUdng, tranh cha'p ve xac dinh nguyen nhan gay d nhiira, suy thoai, sU cd' radi trUdng hoac tranh chd'p ve trach nhiem xfl ly, khac phuc hau qua, boi thfldng thiet hai d nhiem, suy thoai, sU cd' radi trudng De giai quye't tranh cha'p ve mdi trudng, Luat Bao ve mdi trfldng nam 2014 da quy dinh: Viec giai quye't tranh cha'p ve mdi trudng dfldc thflc Men theo quy dinh cua phap Mat ve giai quye't tranh cha'p dan sU ngoai hpp ddng va quy dinh cua phap Mat khac ed lien quan Tranh cha'p ve mdi trUdng tren lanh thd nUdc Cdng hda xa hdi chu nghia Viet Nam raa mdt hoac cac ben la td ehfle, ca nhan nfldc ngoai dfldc giai quye't theo phap Mat cua nude Cdng hda xa hdi ehunghia Viet Nam, trfl trudng hdp ed quy dinh khac dieu udc qud'e te ma nude Cdng hda xa hdi chii nghia Viet Nam la vien Thdi bieu khdi kien ve mdi trfldng dupc tinh tfl thdi diem td chflc, ca nhan hi thiet bai phat Men dflpe thiet hai hanh '5' Uy han Thadng vu Quoc hoi (2014), Phdp lenh Cdnh sdt moi triidng, 23/12/2014, Nxh Lao dpng, Ha Npi '®' Quo'c hpi na6c Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam khoa XIII (2014), Ludt Bdo ve moi triidng, nam 2014, Nxb, Lao dong, Ha Noi, tr NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA HOI g] VAI TRO CUA PHAP LUAT VE QUAN LY MOI TRUING vi vi p h a m phap Mat ve radi trfldng cua td chflc, ca n h a n khac''* Viec quy dinh nhfl t r e n ed y nghia q u a n trpng viee giai quye't cac t r a n h cha'p ve radi trfldng, dac biet la ve van de ap dung phap Mat, xae dinh cd q u a n ed t h a m quyen giai quye't, thdi hieu khdi kien; la ed sd phap ly de cae ben t r a n h cha'p thflc Men cac quyen va ngMa vu eua rainh de bao ve nhflng ldi ich chinh dang C a c y e u t o b a o d a m t h i i c h i e n p h a p l u a t v e q u a n ly m o i trfldfng De cae van ban p h a p Mat ve q u a n ly mdi trudng dupc trien k h a i cd hieu qua vao thflc tien thi can cac ye'u td' bao d a m de qua trinh d i l n thdng sud't va thdng nha't Tuy nhien, qua t r i n h trien khai thuc hien phap Mat ve quan ly mdi trfldng bi sfl a n h hfldng cua r a t nhieu yeu td', pham vi bai vie't t a p t r u n g p h a n tich, lam rd mdt so'ye'u to': ed sd phap M a t hoan thien; to ehflc thflc hien dong bp, nha't quan; sfl q u a n t a m va vao eudc ddng bd cua ea he thd'ng cMnh tri va y thflc tfl giac eua ngUdi Mgt Id, cd sd phap Mat hoan thien P h a p Mat la tdng the cac ye'u to' tao n e n ddi sd'ng phap Mat cua xa hdi tflng giai doan nha't dinh, la cdng eu ed vai trd dac biet quan trpng viec dieu cbinb cac quan he xa hdi He thd'ng van b a n quy phara phap Mat ve quan ly mdi trUdng hoan thien, ddng bd va thd'ng nbd't se tao dieu kien t h u a n ldi viee q u a n ly mdi trUdng eua da't nflde Thfle tien da chflng minh, viec quan ly mdi trfldng khd cd the dat dfldc ket qua nhU mong mud'n neu nhU khdng ed mdt be thd'ng van b a n quy p h a m phap Mat ve quan ly mdi trfldng dUde xay dUng mdt each thd'ng nha't, chat che tU t r e n xud'ng dUdi, tfl Hie'n phap den Mat va dae biet la gifla Luat Bao ve radi trfldng vdi cac v a n b a n phap Mat khac ed lien quan He thd'ng phap Mat hoan thien va Q hien dai la bao dara ve m a t p h a p ly cho va'n dd q u a n ly radi trUdng De dap flng yeu e l u tren, q u a t r i n h xay dflng va h o a n t h i e n p h a p M a t p h a i bao d a m t u a n t h u d l y du cae nguyen t i e xay dflng va b a n h a n h v a n b a n quy p h a m p h a p M a t theo quy dinh cua Luat B a n h a n h v a n b a n quy p h a m p h a p Mat n a m 2015, dd can dac biet ehii trpng de'n tinh cdng k h a i , d a n c h u t r o n g viee tie'p n h a n , p h a n hdi y kien, kie'n n g h i cua ca n h a n , cd q u a n , td chflc, t r a n h h i n h thflc, thdng tin mdt ehieu, n h i m gdp p h a n n a n g cao cha't Mdng, t i n h k h a thi eua p h a p Mat qua t r i n h td chflc thflc Men, ap d u n g t r e n thflc te Hai Id, to ehfle thfle M e n ddng bp, n h a t quan P h a p M a t la mpt cdng cu q u a n trpng de q u a n ly xa hpi T u y n h i e n , phap Mat ehi cd t h e p h a t h u y dflpe vai tro cua m i n h nd dfldc tdn trpng v a thflc Men cudc sd'ng To ehflc tbiic h i e n phap Mat t h u e cha't la mot b o a t dpng cd muc dich n h i m dUa p h a p Mat di vao cupc sd'ng, ed gia tri thfle te va trd t h a n h nhiing h a n h vi bpp p h a p ciia eae ehii t h e phap Mat De dat mue dieh t r e n thi mpt nhflng yeu c i u q u a n trpng cua q u a trinh td ehflc tbUc Men p h a p M a t ve q u a n ly mdi trUdng la p h a i ddng bd, nha't q u a n Dd la viec td ehfle thflc hien p h a p M a t ddng bd, thd'ng nha't p h a m vi ca nflde, tfl tren xudng dfldi, ta't ca mpi n g a n h , llnb vflc, dia phfldng; n h a t q u a n t r o n g viec t u a n t h u triet de Hie'n phap va p h a p Mat, de cao thfldng tdn phap Mat, thd'ng n h a t ve n h a n thfle va h a n h dong, to ehfle thflc hien p h a p Mat, dac biet la tdn t r o n g va thflc Men ngMem tuc eac q u a n di^m, muc tieu cua dang, quye't tam ehinh tri cua "' Quoc hoi nu6c Cong hoa xa hoi chu n^hl!, v - * w khoa XIU (2014), Luat Bdo ve moi l u t \ S^V^ Nxb Lao dong, Ha Npi, t r l l l ^ ' " ^ ^^^^' NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI SO 3-2019 PHAM HUNG NGOC DUNG nha nfldc ve quan ly mdi trfldng, dd la "Kien quyet khdng vi tang trfldng kinh te ma danh ddi radi trfldng"^^* Ba la, sfl quan tam va vao cupe ddng bd cua ca he thd'ng chinh tri Thfle tien da chflng mmh, hieu lflc, hieu qua cua phap Mat ddi sdng xa hdi phu thupc ehu ye'u bdi ket qua thfle hien phap luat cua cac chu the phap Mat; dd, chii the ludn gifl vai trd dac biet quan trpng nhim td chflc thflc hien va dfla phap Mat di vao cupc sd'ng ehinh la cac cd quan, td chflc he thd'ng chinh tri Dieu the hien d viec cae td ehfle Dang Mdn la ed quan gifl vai trd lanh dao, chi dao toan dien, de eae chu trfldng, dfldng Id'i vi§e thfle hien phap Mat; Nha nflde la cd quan quyet dinh cac bien phap bao dam thilc Men phap Mat, bao ve quyen va ldi ich bdp phap eua cd quan, to chflc va ca nhan cung nhu ap dung cac bi$n phap phdng ngfla, ngan chan va xxi ly cac banh vi vi pham phap Mat; Mat tran Td quoc va cac td chflc vien la Me Ifldng to Idn viee phd bien, tuyen truyen, van dpng to chflc, hdi vien ciia minh va nhan dan thflc Men phap luat, ddng thdi thara gia tu va'n, phan bien, giara sat viec thflc hi§n cMnh sach, phap Mat Sil quan tara va vao cudc ddng bp cua ta't ca cac cP quan, td chflc be thd'ng chinh tri ehinh la mdt nhflng yeu td' then chdt bao dam thflc hien phap Mat ndi chung, phap luat ve quan ly mdi trfldng ndi rieng Dieu ddi hdi, phai ludn cd sfl lanh dao, cbi dao thflc hien ddng bd, thd'ng nha't tfl tren xud'ng dfldi gin vdi edng tae tra, kiem tra, ddn dd'e, giam sat thudng xuyen; phai ludn co sfl pho'i hpp tich efle, chat ehe gifla cae ca'p, cae nganh va dia phfldng; mdi cd quan, to chflc phai ludn quan tam, phat huy cao vai trd, trach nhiem viec tuan thu va td chflc thflc hi§n phap Mat, phai ludn coi day la nhiem SO 3-2919 vu chung, la nhiem vu eua cd quan, td ehflc rainh, chfl khdng phai la nhiem vu rieng eua khac Bdn Id, y thflc tfl giac cua ngfldi Phap Mat dupe ban banh la nhim muc dieh dieu ehinh cae quan he xa hdi phat trien theo nhflng dinh hUdng, muc tieu nha't dinh Tuy nhien, hieu qua dieu ehinh eiia phap Mat lai phu thude vao banh vi xxi sil cu the cua ngfldi, dd y thUe tu giae thUe Men phap Mat ciia ngfldi la va'n de cd y nghia bet sfle quan trpng de bao dam cho phap Mat phat huy dflpe hieu Me, hieu qua xa hdi y thflc tfl giac the hien sfl nhan thflc va thai dp eiia eon ngfldi dd'i vdi cac quy dinh cuaphap luat y thflc tfl giae cang dUde nang cao thi tinh than tdn trpng, bao ve phap Mat va thai dp tfl giac thfle hien eac yeu elu cua phap Mat eang dUpc bao dam va ngUpc lai Do do, de nang eao y thflc tU giac cua ngUdi thi ben canh viec chu trpng xay dung rapt he thd'ng phap Mat hoan ehinh, phu hpp vdi trinh dp phat trien kinh te - xa bdi, cdn phai tie'n hanh ddng bd nhieu bien phap thich hpp khac Trong dd, cIn quan tam lUu y de'n cae bien phap cd y nghia dac biet quan trpng nhU: thUdng xuyen bdi dudng, giao due phap Mat nhim trang bi cho moi ca nhan mpt trinh kien thflc phap ly nha't dinh de tfl dd cd y thflc dung dan ve phap Mat, tdn trpng va tfl giac chap hanh phap Mat; cdng khai, minh bach kip thdi, dly du cae quy dinh cua phap Mat de thuan ldi viec tim hieu va thflc hien; xay dflng dpi ngu can bd cd day du tieu chuan ve dao dflc, pham ehd't chinh tri, trinh dp chuyen radn, nghiep vu va kie'n thflc phap Mat de bao dam cho phap Mat dUdc thflc hien mdt each dly du va cbinh '«' Van phong Chinh phii (2016), Ket luan cua Thu tu6ng Nguyin Xuan Phiic tai Hoi nghi tnJc tuyen toan quo'c "ve tang cildng kilm soat nhiem va hao v6 moi tnrdng", Thong bdo s6'268a/TB-VPCP 31/8/2016 NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI {Q VAI TRO CUA PHAP LUAT VE QUAN LY MOI T R U O N G xac, gdp phan gilo due va n a n g cao y thflc phap Mat; day m a n h cdng tac dau t r a n h phdng, chd'ng vi p h a m p h a p Mat, bao d a m tuyet ddi yen cau ve sfl cdng b l n g , binh d i n g , nha't quan va nghiem rainh t r o n g thflc Men va ap dung p h a p Mat, tao niera tin va thai dp tdn trpng, chap h a n h p h a p Mat xa hdi Ket l u a n P h a p Mat ve q u a n ly mdi trfldng dieu ehinh cae nhdm q u a n h e xa bdi p h a t sinh trflc tid'p hoac gian tie'p qua t r i n h ngfldi tie'n h a n h eae hoat ddng tac ddng de'n mdi trfldng Nhiem vu cua p h a p Mat ve quan ly mdi trfldng la n h i m giai quye't cac md'i q u a n h e gifla n h i e m vu p h a t trien kinh te' - xa hdi vdi n h i e m vu bao ve mdi trfldng; quan h e gifla ldi ich trfldc m l t vdi lpi ieh lau dai, can ban ciia da't nfldc; quan h e gifla viec bao ve mdi trUdng vdi tfl each la mdt tdng t h e vdi bao ve tflng t h a n h p h a n mdi trfldng; quan h e gifla lpi ich chung ve mat mdi trfldng cua ca cpng ddng vdi lpi ich cue bp ciia tflng td ehfle, tflng ca nhan; quan h e gifla qudc gia, khu vUc va qud'e te've va'n de bao ve mdi trUdng Tren ed sd p h a n tich va lara rd vai trd ciia phap Mat ve radi trudng, cac yeu to dam bao thfle hien phap M a t ve quan ly mdi trfldng, bai vie't giup ngfldi dpc hieu rd hdn ve p h a p Mat ndi ehung va p h a p M a t ve quan ly radi trUdng ndi rieng; giup cae n h a ehinh sach ed cai nhin k h a i quat hdn qua trinh trien k h a i thUc Men va dieu chinh eae chinh sach lien q u a n de'n mdi trfldng p h u hdp vdi sfl bie'n ddng cua h o a n canh, dac biet qua t r i n h hpi n h a p nhfl Men TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bd Chinh tri (2004), Ve bdo ve moi triidng thdi ky ddy manh cong nghiep g] hoa, hien dai hda ddt niidc, Nghi quyet sd 41-NQ/TW 15/11/2004, Ha Ndi Bd Tai n g u y e n va Mdi trfldng (2018), Bdo edo moi triidng quo'c gia 2018, H a Npi N g u y i n T r i n Dien (2016), ThUc hien phdp ludt ve bdo ve moi trUdng Idng ngM d cdc tinh dong bdng song Hdng Viet Nam, L u a n a n tie'n si L u a t , Hpc vien C h i n h tri qud'e gia Ho Chi M i n h , H a Ndi Luu Dflc Hai N g u y i n Ngpe Sinh (2001), Qudn ly moi trUdng cho sUphdt trien bin viing, Nxb Dai hpc Quoc gia H a Npi Nguydn L a n N g u y e n (2008), "Ra soat lai cac quy d i n h p h a p M a t ve bao ve mdi trudng d Viet N a m - Mdt v a n de can thidt cap bach", Tgp chi Khoa hgc Dgi hgc Qudc gia Hd Noi N g u y i n Thi Ngpe (2016), Qudn ly mdi trUdng thi Nhdt Bdn vd khd ndng ling dung a Viet Nam, Nxb C h i n h t r i qudc gia - Sfl t h a t H a Npi N g u y i n V a n Phflde N g u y i n Thi Van H a (2006), Gido trinh qudn ly chdt lUdng moi trUdng, Nxb Xay dflng H a Ndi Qud'e hpi nflde Cdng hda xa hpi ehii nghia Viet N a m k h d a XIII (2014), Ludt Bdo ve moi trudng ndm 2014, Nxb Lao ddng, H a Ndi Qud'e hdi nude Cpng h d a x a h p i chii n g h i a Viet N a m k h d a XII (2011), Ludt Khodng sdn ndm 2010, N x b L a o ddng H a Npi 10 N g u y i n Thi Kim T h a i Le Thi Hien Thao (2003), Sinh thdi hgc vd bdo ve moi trudng, Nxb Xay dflng Ha Npi 11 Uy b a n Thfldng vu Quoc hpi (2014), Phdp lenh Cdnh sdt moi trudng ngdy 23/12/2014, Nxb, Lao ddng, Ha Npi 12 Van phdng Chinh phii (2016) Ket ludn cua Thu tudng Nguyin Xudn Phuc tgi Hgi nghi true tuye'n todn quo'c vi tdng cuang kiem sodt nhiim vd bdo ve moi truang Thdng bao so a / T B - V P r P ntr^Az 31/8/2016 ^ ^ NHAN LUC KHOA HOC X A H | Sd 3-2019 ... hpi na6c Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam khoa XIII (2014), Ludt Bdo ve moi triidng, nam 2014, Nxb, Lao dong, Ha Noi, tr NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA HOI g] VAI TRO CUA PHAP LUAT VE QUAN LY MOI TRUING... Cdng hda xa hdi chu nghia Viet Nam raa mdt hoac cac ben la td ehfle, ca nhan nfldc ngoai dfldc giai quye't theo phap Mat cua nude Cdng hda xa hdi ehunghia Viet Nam, trfl trudng hdp ed quy dinh... mdi trUdng Vai t r o c u a p h a p l u a t v e q u a n ly moi t r i i d n g Phap M a t vdi t u each la h e thd'ng cac sd 3-2919 quy p h a m dieu chinh h a n h vi xi sfl eua ngudi ed vai trd ra't