86 10 (331)-2019 'Jhi hdnh phdp, bi4l THI HANH BAN AN QUYET DINH v£ LAO DdNG VUONG MAC Tdr THUC TIEN VA MOT S $ KIEN NGHI • • • • ThS NGUVeN TH| PHlP * & ThS H O A N G T H | THANH HOA" Tdm tat; Bii viet phdn tich mgt so vdn de cdn vudng mde tmng thtrc lien thi hinh dn lao dgng, tit do, dua mgt sd kiln nghi nham hoin thiin edc quy dfnh cua phdp lugt ve thi hdnh dn ddn sg vi ndng cao han nira hilu qud thi hinh dn doi vdi eic vg vile niy Abstract: This article analyzes some issues that are still stuck in the practical implementation of labor judgments, thereby raises some recommendations to impmve the pmvisions of the civil judgment execution and impmve the judgment execution effectiveness for these cases Vu'O'ng mac thi hanh bdn dn, quyit Vdi mgc dich bdo ddm kjp thdi quyin, lpi Ich cho ngudi lao ddng, khodn Biiu Ludt Thi hdnh d|nh v i lao dpng Theo Biiu Luit Thi hdnh dn ddn sy ndm 2008 - sda dii, b6 sung ndm 2014 (sau ddy gpi tit dn ddn sy, khodn Oliu 482 BO luit T i tyng ddn sy ndm 2015 vd mgc Cdng vdn si Id Lull Thi hdnh dn ddn sy), thi vi$c thi hdnh cic 1103/TCTHADS-NV1 ngdy 30/3/2017 cOa Ting bdn dn, quyit djnh v i lao ding (thi hdnh dn lao cgc Thi hdnh dn din sy hudng d3n mdt si vin di ding) Id mil Irong nhdng lo^i viic co quan thi vi nghiip vg THADS di quy djnh nhdng khodn hdnh dn ddn sy (THADS) l i chdc thi hdnh Trang trang bin in, quyit djnh lao ding cOa Tia dn cip cde bdn dn, quyil dinh v i lao ding ci rit nhiiu so thim dupc Ihl hdnh mjc dO ci thi bj lo^i nghia vg phdi thi hdnh dn nhu: Nghta vy buic khdng cdo, khdng nghj bao gim: Khodn trd cing lao dOng, nhin ngudi lao ddng trd lai Idm viic trd ngudi sd dyng lao ding nhin ngudi lao ding trd luong, trp cip thii vl?c, trp cip mit sdc lao ddng, lal Idm vi$c; nghta vy bil ttiudng tlin luong, tiin trpr cip mit vl^c Idm, bdo hiem xd hdi, bdo hiim cdng lao ding thdi gian ngudi lao ding thit nghi$p, bdo hiim y t i , quyit djnh vi tinh hpp khdng dupc Idm vi$c; nghta vy Irp cip mit viic phdp cda cuic dlnh cing cd yiu ciu thi Idm; nghTa vy trp cip thii viic; nghta vg phii bil hdnh dn cia duong sy Tuy nhiin, thyc thudng chi phi ddo l?o; cic I09I nghta vg khdc tlin, cd nhiiu Irudng hpp, co quan THADS dd Trang qud Irinh t i chdc thi hdnh cic nghta vy hodc dang l4 chdc ttii hdnh dil vdi cic khodn trin, CO quan THADS, chip hdnh viin cin gdp thuic diin phdl thi hdnh Ihl bdn dn, quyit mil si vudng mic nhil djnh, cg Ihi nhu sau: djnh b| khdng cdo, khdng nghi vd bdn dn so thim Ugt la, w'ic t6 chdv thi hdnh in dii vdi cic di dupc xit xd theottiutgc phde thim Trong mil khoin dutfc thi hinh m^c dd c i thi bi khing si trudng hpp, cip xit xd phOc thim dd hiy hodc do, khdng nghf • Hgc viin Tuphdp 'n Hi Ngi Ddn chii & Phdp ludt I ^hi hdnh phdp ludl 86 10 (331)-2019 sua mdt s i nil dung cua ban dn so tham, td d i Cing ty Z Cdn cd vdo bdn dn phic ttiim, Cdng phdt sinh rit nhiiu nhdng h^ qud phdp 1;^ llin ty Z dd cd don ygu c i u co quan thi hdnh dn trd lai quan, nhu nhCrng khoan md co quan thi hdnh dn cho Cing ty s i tlin 20 ttiiu ding Vin d i ddt dd t i chdc thi hdnh xong m i l phin hodc todn bd Id, CO quan Ihi hdnh dn se gidi quyit yiu ciu cia sg dupe gidi quyit nhu t h i ndo? Hiin nay, cde co Cfing ty Z nhu t h i ndo niu co quan ttii quan THADS r i t Idng tdng vl chua c i cdn cd hdnh dn yfiu c i u fing S trd 1^1 20 tridu ding cho phdp ly de glai quyet Ludt Thi hdnh dn ddn sy (td Cfing ty Z thi hodn todn khdng cd cdn cd Ho$c Diiu 134 din Diiu 136) chi quy djnh v i vl$c thi trudng hpp ban dn phOc thim tuydn hdy ban dn hdnh quyit djnh gidm die thim, tdi thim tuyin so thim d i x i t xd l^i Uieo Ihd tgc so thim thi gid nguyin bdn dn, quyit dinh c i hiiu lyc phdp khodn dd thi hdnh xong (50 tridu ding) cung ludt; quyit djnh gidm die thim tuyin gid nguydn khfing dupc gidi quyit md phdl chd khl e i bdn dn bdn dn, quyit djnh dung phdp ludt cda cip dudi so thim mdi Ddy Id v i n d i phdp ludt cdn b i ngi, dd bi huy hodc bj sua; quyit djnh gidm die thim, chua quy dinh vl$c thi hdnh dn d i i vdi bdn dn tdl thim tuydn hdy bdn dn, quyit djnh dd c i hiiu phde thim tuyin huy, sua bdn dn, quyit dinh so lyc phdp ludt, md chua c i quy djnh v i vide thi thim dd thi hdnh chua cd hidu lyc phdp ludt hdnh dn d i l vdi bdn dn phde thim luyin hiiy, sua Hal li, v/ic t6 chuv thi hinh nghia vg bu(c bdn dn so thim chua c i hiiu lyc phdp ludt nhung nh$n nguHI lao dfng trit l$l lim vi$c thuic diin phdi thi hdnh dn mdc dCi bi khdng NghTa vg buic ngudi sd dyng lao ding nhdn cdo, khdng nghj ngudi lao ding trd 1^1 Idm vl$c Id lo^l nghTa vg VI dg, bdn dn lao ddng so thim tuydn Cing ty thudng gdp nhit s i cde nghta vy thi hdnh Z phdi trd cho dng Nguyin Vdn S s i tien luong Id dn bdn dn, quyit djnh lao d$ng md edc co 50 triiu ding, Cing ty Z quyit djnh sa thdi quan THADS phdl t i chdc thi hdnh Theo quy d{nh t^l khodn Diiu 42 B i ludt Lao ding ndm 2012, ing Nguyin Vdn S trdi phdp ludL Ngay sau ngdy tuyin dn, ing S c i don y i u ciu thi hdnh dn vd co khl Tia dn tuyin viic don phuong chim ddt hpp quan Ihl hdnh dn ddn sy dd quyil dinh thi hdnh ding lao ding, k^ l u i l sa Ihdi cda ngudi sd dyng dn theo don ydu c i u cua dng S v i khoan bu$c lao dOng Id trdi phdp lu$t vd ngudi lao ding c i Cing ty Z phdi trd cho ing S Ithodn tlin luong Id nhu c i u trd 1^1 don v|, co quan, t i chdc cO Idm 50 triiu ding vd giao cho chip hdnh viin t i chdc v i i c thi ding thdi Tda dn s i buic ngudi sd dyng thi hdnh dn Nhung Cing ty Z c i don Ithdng cdo lao ding phdi nhdn ngudi lao ding trd l;i Idm v i i c Trong Ihyc llin, viic thi hdnh nghTa vy ndy bdn dn so thim Tda dn nhdn ddn c i thim quyin x i l xd phde thim dd tuyin: Sua bdn dn lao ding cin gdp phdl m i l s i vudng mic nhu sau: so thim, theo dd buic Cdng ty Z phdl trd cho fing (I) v i Ihd tgc xd ph^t vl ph;im hdnh chlnh: S khodn tiin luong Id 30 triiu ding Khl nhdn Theo quy djnh tai Diiu 121 Ludt Thi hdnh dn ddn dupc bdn dn phde thim, thi chip hdnh vidn dd Ihl sy, ttirdng hpp ngudi sd dgng lao ddng khing hdnh xong khodn Cdng ty Z phdl trd cho fing S 50 nhdn ngudi lao ddng trd 1^1 Idm vifc theo bdn dn, triiu ding bing biin phdp khiu trd tdi khodn cOa quyit dinh thi chip hdnh vidn quyit dinh ph;t ESI Ddn chiJi & Phdp lu^t 'Shi hdnh phdp tu4l 86 10 (331)-2019 tiin d i l vdi ngudi su dyng lao dOng Id cd nhdn vd gidm bdt thu tgc hdnh chinh, phdp ludt cin trao hodc ngudi ddng d i u co quan, t i chdc sd dyng quyin xd phat hdnh chlnh d i i vdi nhdng hdnh vl lao ding, ding thdi i n dinh thdi han 10 ngdy, k i khdng thyc hifn cfing vifc nhit dinh cho cde chip Id ngdy quyit dinh phat lien d i ngudi sd dyng hdnh vien dang tn/c tiip td chdc thi hdnh vg vifc lao ding thyc hl$n vifc nhdn ngudi lao ding trd dd 1^1 Idm vifc (II) V i vifc xdc dinh khoan tiin todn cho Dieu 49 Ludl Xd IJ vi ph?m hdnh chlnh nam ngudi lao ding: Theo quy dinh tai khodn Diiu 2012; Diiu si 121 Ludt Thi hdnh dn ddn sy, trying hpp ngudi 110/2013/ND-CP ngdy 24/9/2013 cda Chlnh phu 52, Diiu 68 Nghi dinh sd dyng lao ding khfing t h i bo tri ngudi lao ding quy dinh v i xd phiit vl pham hdnh chlnh trorig ITnh trd lal Idm cfing vifc theo n$i dung bdn dn, quyit vyc b i trp tu phdp, hdnh chlnh tu phdp, hfin nhdn dinh thi chip hdnh vifn yfu c i u ngudi sd dgng vd gia dlnh, thi hdnh dn ddn sy, phd sdn doanh lao dfng phdi bo tri cfing vifc khdc vdi mdc luong nghiip, hpp tdc xd (dupc sda d i l , b i sung bdi luong duong theo quy dinh cOa phdp luft lao Nghi dinh s i 67/2015/ND-CP ngdy 14/8/2015 cOa dfng Trudng hpp ngudi lao dfng khdng chip Chlnh phu) quy dinh v i mdc xu ph?t tuong dng nhfn cfing vifc dupc b i tri vd y i u c i u ngudi sd vdi hdnh vl khfing thyc hifn cfing vifc phdl Idm dgng lao ding todn cde chi dp theo quy theo bdn dn quyit dinh, cg t h i Id hdnh vl khfing dinh cua phdp luft lao dfng, thi ngudi su dgng nhdn ngudi lao dpng trd lal Idm vifc Theo dd, lao dfng phdi thyc hifn vifc todn d i chim ph?l tlin td 3.000.000 ding d i n 5.000.000 ding ddt nghTa vg Ihl hdnh dn dil vdi hdnh vi khdng thyc hifn cfing vifc phdl Diiu 42 B i luft Lao ding ndm 2012 cDng quy Idm, khdng chim ddt thyc hifn cing viic khing d|nh: Trong trudng hpp ngudi sd dgng lao ding dupc Idm theo ban dn, quyil djnh Tuy nhiin, vdi don phuong chim ddt hpp ding lao ding trdi mdc ph^t nhu trf n thi thim quyin ban hdnh quyit phdp luft thi ngudi sd dgng lao dfng phdl nhfn dinh xu ph?t vl ph?m hdnh chlnh Irong trudng ngudi lao ding trd 1^1 Idm vifc Iheo hpp ding lao hop ndy Id Cgc trudng Cgc Thi hdnh dn ddn sy ding dd giao kit vd phdi trd tien luong, bdo hiim Do dd, chip hdnh vlfn cua Chl cgc hay cia Cyc xd hfl, bdo hiim y t i nhdng ngdy ngudi lao Thi hdnh dn ddn sy d i u phdl d i xuit Cgc Irudng dfng khfing dupc Idm vifc cfng vdi It nhit 02 Cyc Thi hdnh dn ddn sy quyit dinh xu ph^t vl thdng tlin luong theo hpp ding lao ding Trudng ph^m hdnh chlnh d i l vdi ngudi sd dgng lao dfng hpp ngudi lao dfng khfing muin tiip tyc Idm vifc, Id cd nhdn hodc ngudi ddng diu co quan, t i chdc thi ngodi khodn Uin b i i thudng quy djnh t^i khodn sd dgng lao dfng chd khing thuic thim quyin Diiu 42 Bf luft Lao ding ndm 2012, ngudi si> xd ph^t cCIa chip hdnh viin dang tryc ttip t i dgng lao ding phdl trd trp cip thil vifc theo quy chuc ttll hdnh vg v i f c Vifc thyc hifn Uid tgc xu djnh t^l Ciiu 48 Bf luft Lao dfng ndm 2012 ph^t ndy trin thyc t i gdy r i t nhiiu phiin phuc vd Trudng hpp ngudi sd dyng lao dfng khing muin mit khd nhiiu thdi gian gidi quyit h i so thi hdnh nhfn l$i ngudi lao ding vd ngudi lao ding ding dn cua cde chip hdnh v l f n ^ Oi ttit kifm thdi gian J, thi ngodi khodn tiin bil thudng quy djnh t^l Ddn ch£i & Phdp ludt I (Jhi hdnh phdp, ludl 8610 (331)-20^ khodn Diiu 42 vd trp cip thfii vifc theo quy djnh Lao dfing ndm 2012 ), dfil hdi chip hdnh vlfn t^i Diiu 48 Bi luft Lao dfng ndm 2012, hai bin phdi c i sy am hiiu phdp luft v i lao ding vd thia thufn khodn Uin bil thudng thim nhung it chuyin mfin sdu v i ITnh vyc ndy, khl d6 nhit phdi bing 02 thdng tlin luong theo hpp chip hdnh vlfn co quan THADS khfi cfi thi ddp ding lao ding d i chim dut hpp ding lao dfng dng dupc yfu ciu ndy Trudng hpp khing cdn vj hi, cing vifc dd giao Thi> 6a, S&i vd» wf c lhi hdnh in theo khoin kit hpp ding lao dfng md ngudi lao dfng Diiu 121 Lu$t Thi hinh dn din sy vin muin Idm vifc tht ngodl khodn tiin bil Tfl khodn Diiu 121 Luft Thi hdnh dn ddn sy thudng quy dinh tai khodn Diiu 42 Bf luft Lao quy djnh: 'Ngudi sd dgng lao dfng phdi dfng ndm 2012, hai bin thuong lupng di si>a todn cho ngudi lao dfng khodn tiin luong ti'ong dil, bi sung hpp ding lao dfng Trudng hpp vl thdi gian chua b i H dupc cfing vifc theo bdn dn, ph?m quy djnh v i thdi han bdo trudc thi phdl bil quyit dinh, k i td ngdy cd don yfu ciu thi hdnh dn thudng cho ngudi lao dfng mft khodn Uin tuong cho din ngudi lao dfng dupc nhfn trd I9I Idm dng vdi Uin luong cda ngudi lao dfng vifc hofc dupc gidi quyit theo quy dinh tai khodn nhdng ngdy khSng bdo trudc Diiu ndy" Theo dd, khl ngudi sd dgng lao dfng Nhu vf y, Irong trudng hpp ngudi sd dgng lao khfing nhfn hofc chfm nhfn ngudi lao dfng Iri ding khing thi bi tri ngudi lao ding trd l^i Idm I9I Idm vifc khl ngudi lao dfng cd don yiu ciu thi cing viic theo nfi dung bdn dn, quyit djnh hofc hdnh dn thi sg phdi todn cho ngudi lao ngudi lao dfng khdng chip nhfn cing vifc dupc dfng khodn Uin luong thdi gian ngudi sd bi tri vd yiu ciu ngudi sd dyng lao ding dgng lao dfng khfing nhfn hofc chfm nhfn todn cde chi df theo quy dinh cda phdp luft lao ngudi lao dfng trd lai ldm vifc Vdi quy dinh ndy, ding, thi chip hdnh vifn yiu ciu ngudi sd dgng hifn cd 02 quan diim khdc v i vifc t i chdc lao dfng phdi thyc hifn vifc todn di chim ttll hdnh: (I) Quan diim Uid nhit cho ring, trang ddt nghta vg thi hdnh dn Tuy nhlfn, vifc xdc dinh trudng hpp bdn dn, quyit dinh cda Tda dn khdng tuyin rfi nghTa vg ndy cda ngudi su dgng lac cde khodn tiin ndy Id rit khdn VI dg: o i Hnh dupc tip cip thfii vifc cho ngudi dfng thi co quan thi hdnh dn khfing cd thim lao dfng thi chip hdnh viin cin xdc dinh dupc quyin thi hdnh dn dii vdi khodn tiin luong cOa thdi gian Idm vifc cda ngudi lao dfng d i tinh trp ngudi lao dfng td khl hp c i don yiu ciu nhdn cip thfii vifc vd tiin luong d i Hnh trp cip thii ngudi lao ding trd 1^1 Idm vifc theo bdn dn cCia vifc Vifc Unh cde khodng thdi gian ndy 1^1 llin Tia dn din khl ngudi sd dgng lao ding nhfn quan rit nhiiu din edc quy djnh cua phdp luft lao ngudi lao ding trd l^i Idm vifc vdi ly bdn dn ding vd cic vdn bdn hudng din thi hdnh (Diiu cda Tfia dn khing tuyf n nghTa vg ndy dil vil 36, Diiu 37 vd Diiu 48 B i luft Lao ding ndm ngudi sd dgng lao ding nfn co quan THADS 2012; Oliu 14 Nghi dinh s i 05/2015/ND-CP ngdy khfing cd cdn cd d i quyit dinh thi hdnh dn 12/01/2015 cda Chlnh phd quy djnh chl tiit vd (Diiu Luft Thi hdnh dn ddn sy) Mft khdc Diiu hudng din thi hdnh mft s i nfi dung cua Bf luft 20 Luft Thi hdnh dn ddn sy quy djnh nhifm vg I Ddn chit & Phdp ludt 8610(331)-2019 (Jhi hdnh phdp Iii4l quyin h^n cda chip hdnh vlfn Id thi hdnh theo dn, trdnh dupc sy khIiu nai td phia cde duong sy ddng nfi dung bdn dn, quyit dinh, dfi, hofc sy khdng nghj td phia cfc eo quan cd thim trudng hpp bdn dn, quyit djnh cOa Tda dn khfing quyin khdng nghj ho?t dfng THADS tuyin nghta vg ndy ttil co quan THADS, chip hdnh vifn khfing cd thim quyin ti chdc thi hdnh dn; (il) Quan diim thd hai oho ring, co quan Kiin nghj Td nhung phdn Hch trdn, nhdm tdc gid dua mft s i kiin nghi nhu sau: THADS cfi thim quyin ti chdo thi hdnh dn khodn 77ii> nhit, cin sdm xem xdt sda dil, bi sung ndy vdi tf khoan Diiu 121 Luft Thi hdnh dn cde quy dinh phdp luft v i xu phat vl ph^m hdnh ddn sy dd quy djnh VI vfy, co quan thi hdnh dn chlnh hoft dfng THADS theo hudng tdng phdi quyit djnh thi hdnh dn niu cd don yfu ciu mdc xu phat vl phfm hdnh ehinh ho?t dfng eOa ngudi lao dfng vd c i nhu vfy mdi ddm bdo thi hdnh dn cda chip hdnh vlfn din 3.000.000 tinh rdn de ngudi sd dgng lao ding khl khing ding trd Ifin (hifn nay, mdc phat tiin til da md thyc hifn cde nghia vg theo bdn dn, quyit dinh chip hdnh vlfn cfi thi dp dgng theo Diiu 68 Nghi cda Tia dn dinh s6 110/2013/ND-CP Id 500.000 ding) Theo nhim tdc gid, vifc qgy dinh t^l khodn Thtr hai, bi sung cde quy djnh phdp luft vi Diiu 121 Luft Thi hdnh dn ddn sy Id cin thiit vd vifc thi hdnh quyit dinh, bdn dn phde thim dil vdi phd hpp vl quy dinh ndy bdo ddm dupc quyin, lpi cde khodn phdl thi hdnh quy dinh t^l khodn Ich hpp phdp cOa ngudi lao dfng khl bdn dn df Oliu Luft Thi hdnh dn ddn sy Ding thdi, di luyin ngudi sd dyng lao dfng phdl nhfn ngudi nghj Tda dn cip phic thim khl xem xft gidi quyit lao dfng trd l^i Idm vifc md ngudi s u dgng lao bdn dn, quyit djnh cda Tfia dn cip s o thim cin dfng c i Unh khing chip hdnh bdn dn, khfing gidl quyit hfu qud phdp 1} dil vdi cde khodn dd nhfn hof0 chfm nhfn ngudi lao dfng trd lal ldm dupc thi hdnh (khl bdn dn s o thim chua c i hifu vifc thi phdi chiu trdch nhifm vdi ngudi lao dfng lyc phdp luft) bdn dn phde thim di Id phdl trd luong cho ngudi lao dfng Tuy 77iu' ba, xft xd cde vy dn Iifn quan din nhiin, phdp luft hifn hdnh chua quy djnh rfi khl vifc nhfn ngudi lao dfng trd l^i Idm vifc, Tia dn xit xu Tia dn cin dua khodn ndy vdo phin quyit cin tuyin rfi ngudi sd dgng lao dfng phdi djnh cOa bdn dn^ nin hiu hit cde bdn dn lao ding todn tiin luong (theo mdc luong co bdn hofc khl tuyin bufc ngudi sd dyng lao dfng phdi nhfn mdc luong md ngudi lao dfng dupc hudng trudc ngudi lao dfng trd 1^1 Idm vifc df khing tuyin khl buic thii viic trdi phdp luft hofc mde luong ngudi sd dgng lao dfng phdl todn khodn theo thia thufn) cho ngudi lao dfng, ki tu ngdy liin luong cho ngudi lao dfng, ki tCr ngdy ngudi ngudi lao ding c i don yfu ciu thi hdnh dn din lao dfng cd don yiu ciu cho din ngudi su ngudi sd dgng lao ding nhfn ngudi lao dfng dgng lao dfng nhfn ngudi lao dfng trd 1^1 Idm trd 1^1 Idm vifc Vifc Idm ndy s i t^o co sd phdp 1;^ vifc Chl khl ndo Tia dn dua nfl dung ndy vdo chic chin d i cde ca quan THADS ti chdo Uil phin quyit dinh cda bdn dn, Ihl c o quan THADS hdnh, glim tdl cing vifc cho cde chip hdnh viin, mdi cd diy dCi co sd phdp \f d i ti chdc thi hdnh (Xem ttip tnmg S9) Ddn chill & Phdp ludt EEI ... dfng thi co quan thi hdnh dn khfing cd thim lao dfng thi chip hdnh viin cin xdc dinh dupc quyin thi hdnh dn dii vdi khodn tiin luong cOa thdi gian Idm vifc cda ngudi lao dfng d i tinh trp ngudi lao. .. chim ddt hpp ding lao ding trdi mdc ph^t nhu trf n thi thim quyin ban hdnh quyit phdp luft thi ngudi sd dgng lao dfng phdl nhfn dinh xu ph?t vl ph?m hdnh chlnh Irong trudng ngudi lao ding trd 1^1... ngudi sd dgng lao dfng Nhu vf y, Irong trudng hpp ngudi sd dgng lao khfing nhfn hofc chfm nhfn ngudi lao dfng Iri ding khing thi bi tri ngudi lao ding trd l^i Idm I9I Idm vifc khl ngudi lao dfng cd