-IA NUfW: VA PHAP LUAT KOAN THIEN PHAP LUAT VE QUYEK BAO VE DCII Tif OUYEK TIEP CAN THONG TIH, GIAM SAT TRlTG TIEP CUA NGirdl DAN TRONG 601CAKH DAI DICH COVID - D VIET NAM Pban Thj L a n Phuang ' ' TS Khoa Luit tiai hoc Q I K ^ gia »i Nfii^ Tbani-llnbtli'ltr: Fir t f i M ' Baa v j dm lu, nep ejn ih^np, lin; gidm s^l Uyc Pep, Covid-14 L/rh iu-b''' L-MT' Nhjn bai , iSWlO^ Bicn Ijp :6«)J.'iDM Ihiylchii ' :9.'(iJ.'7(i?(i M'llclt InEoiciBnon: K'T^-^J' P i v j t y pmcecUiMi, irlWDHihin Ke^N^, d i m i supecvisiun Cu' id-19Arliclf Mislorv Rccrivrd Fdiicd Apjimvad l6Uar202D ' 2b Mac 2Q2D - 7'} Mac 7I17Q Ti^ni K&I- fhijc lien pluJnj, chfirS d|ch C O M J - eila \'iel Nmn noQE d i * gian qua eholUymOi s i h i l t a p l n i c i a v i j c l h i r e h i i l quyinbfla vf d i l nieua b^nh nhiin, quyen liep t j n chdng l i n v a giim sAl mre li^p ciia ngiiai dfin H i i viei l | p mine ph9n Uch nhirag bat e|p lrong vj£^ Ihyc btgn c5t q u y ^ nSy \i kiia nglij hoan I h i ^ pbap luiit nbDm ^frp phin nSng can hicu qua eiia vi^Cpll^ns ehflng dich benh, giim ihi^u l i i d i cAc cliijl h j i v^ b n h lc v i cic Ue d^iig Iicu cyc anh buang den Sin anig i.ua DgU^ dJln Ab^lniLl The rceeni piBclice of Mclnsra fee pTcvcncinn and fighia againsi C"vnl-19cpiilcraic shows soinc uiadeiiujCies in exerciilng Uic nghi lo pnKcel palicnis' pciv»:y the n ^ l lu infmnuitilul dJtd righl IU njprccl «up*rvnion o f cbc pcopk, rhis anide is fncuicd on annl^sis of Ills inadequaciajj in eicceiBing thcsa nahls and iMMnmacidaliniifl iOr improvanienl of Jhe lan lu iovrwae Iha clfe{(ivcn«:4:4 of disca.'ie prevcrili«L, inlciiccii?« VLonomic iDSas and negnliv? raip^U i>n ptopli?'^ lives I C i c q u y d j n h c i i a p h i p l u ^ t ^e q u y e n b a o 1 iifi t u ^ ( l u y ^ n l i c p c i n I h ^ n g t i n ^ g i i m s i t t r y c d e p cua n g i r o i d a n v i t h y c Hen I h y c h i ^ n /,/, Cdi- quf dfnh ciiaph6p lu^i Quviri baa ve ddt lu la m p l l i o n g n h i m g q u y ^ n co ban cua n p i o i dup'c q u y iLjnh u o n g n h i c u i i n ban p h i p lu(it qudc l c va qudc gia, cy the la, T u y e t i b d q u d c le ve nhan quyen ciia L i e n h y p quiic n i m 1^48 q u y d m h lai D i c u nC l n B H I t H C U U • L A P P H A P _ / SABiaDB|-14/?im \2 -'Khdng cd lhi bi xdm pham mui cdch ddc dudn ve d&i Iu gia dtnh nhd ir ihlf lin hay bi xuc pham din danh dv Ihanh dunh Al cUng cd quyin diruc phdp luai bdo v4 thong liji nhirng xdm pham dy", Quy^n bio vp doi tu d Vi^i " K ^ ^ ^ tluy djnh lai Dicu 21 Hien phip nfim 2013"Mpi ngvdi diu co quyin bdi khd xdm pham v^ ddi song rieng lir bi mgl td ib^ vd bi mdi gia dinh c6 quyin bdo ve i^y I'm cuo minh"; l:boan Di^u Luil Kham, ehua ^HA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT bprfhnim2DII quy d|nh nguyen tic kham ciiiia'\i^nhp\tiy.'•'•Ton inmgqay^ cua ngvar binh giir bi mgl vi ihong lin ve linh irang tdckhoivdddi nidupi ghi nvnghd sabirih dn neu khdng phdi id tmdng hap ihu^c khoan 2Dieuk.khoAn I Dieu H vd khodn i ) j ^ JP"; Difu 3B,Bp luat Dan sy nam 2015 quy dinh: " £ ^ sdng riing lu bl mdi i:d nhdn, bim4' gui dinh Id bdf khd xdm pham va Jifffc phdp ludt bAo v^ viec liru giir ihu ih^ cdng khai ihdng Hn cd nhdn phdi ducc ngudi dd dong y vigc thu ihffp liru giir vd id d^ngfdng khai thdng tin liin qmm den hi nql gia dinh phdi du^ic git Snh dnngy trii imdng hffp lufli cd quy dpih khdc" La v i a bin Itvc ti^p di^u chinh lrong vi^e phong chong bpnh Iruyen nhiCm, khoin ^JiSu ^ Lu|l Chdng chdng b^nh liuycn nhiem nam 7007 quy djiih ve hanh vi bi cam "Phan bill, dAl H& ' v i d u a hinh inb,lhftng linli^ucycvS ngudi mac bpnh tiuycn nhiem" Quyin litji cgn ihdng tin duyc hi&ii l i m ^ lrong nhihig quy^n ihu&c nhdm qiiy^n ctinh y], din sy quy d|nh Tuyen ngdn nhan q u y ^ ciia Lieo^rp qudc nam L44Kvi Irengtrfing udc q u i s l e v^ c i e quyin diu sy, chinh tr| nam 1966 Ouyfin Li^p cin ihflng lin d Vi^l Nam dyyc quy djnh tgi E>ieu 25 Hicn phap nam ?0]3, "Cdng ddn cd quyen l\cdo ngdn luffn, Hf bdo chi nip cdn ihdng tin hdi hop lap k^i biia linh Viic ihifc hiin qu^^in ndy phdp luql quy dfnh" Quy d|Dh ciia Hien phap v i q u y ^ liip c i n ihdng lin duyc cy the hdaWn Li^I Ti^p c ^ thdng tin niin 2016iheu dd, Dieu B Luai quy djnh: "Mai ngirdi deu du^c bmh ddng vi^c ihifc hien quyen dpp c^n ihon^ lin; Thdng tin Lungtidp phdi chinh xdc ddy du vd ro rang, liic Id thong lin din •vui ngaiH dun phdi ddm bdo dd)j da khdng dirpc phep indp nidi ddn din hiiu sai bdn chSi cua thdng fin: Vifc cung t:^ Ihdng un phdi kjp shdi minh iyach ihudn l( en tuy^ ddi, cac qudc gia cd quyen thu thap ihdn^ im CJ nhin neu v\ mue dicb >La hfli' Ngoii 11 phap luat ehua quy dinh cu Ihc ve hoat ddng giam sal mcc ticp ^""'' "'^ dan phdng, chdiigd|chb(nh '"•'*"^''' thuc giim sit cila ngudi din hipn ttm y^u miVi dupc thyc hifn qua cac eO qi^ai^ ^f dipn nhu M j i u i n Tft quic Vipl Nam, mpl Khoin Dicu 14 Hien phip nam 2013 quy djnh "Quven can ngtrdi vd quyen cdng ^ Id chuc xa h^i nhu Hoi Lien hicp phy aH ddn hi han ehe iheo if dtnh Cua ludi Irang V i ^ Nara, Id chiic Cdng doan P l i i p ' " ^ l ^ * inrdnghapcdn ihiii vi ly qudc plrdng an quy dinh hinh Ihuc giim sai Xnp^ ticp ihong qua vi^cininB ciu dan f, ihyc hipn quy che mnh quoe gia an lodn xd hd' dqo ddc xa din cbii cap ef;^ sd hoic qua hogi dyng khif u lipi- lire- khire C^rtg ddng" nai Id cio, to giic, bio nn Tuy nhien, cie Dieu i Luat Tiep cjin ihong IID n i m quy dinh d u ^ bifiu l i ngiroi din giim 2016 quy dinh, viee han che quyen dep can sal hoat d^ng ci'ia CJ quan nhi nude hoje Ihdng tin phil lupt dmh irong iniocig hpp nhi chirc I r i t h qua irinh ihuc hipn e ^ dii^t vi ly qudc phdng an ninh qiidc chiie nfing, nhi^m vy, cho ne" v^n ihJeu gia, trit IU an loin x i li^i, dao due xa hpi, ving cic quy dinli ve giim sal tryc licp eiia sue khoe cua cpng ddng, oguW din 1.2 Car In hien phdp tu^t Thyc ii^n ap dung cac quy dinh n$u U ^ lrong phdng, chong d|ch Covid-19 d Vift Nam eho lliay mfll sd iihihsghaneh^.bitcip e i t quy dinb c:iia phip lugl ve quycn bio ve ddi hr, quycn tiep c^o ibdng tin hoal dyng giim sal uyc liep cua ngudi din Uong phdng chdng dich h ^ h Covid-1^ \t^i Id Irong bdi canh dfli dich Covid19, chung ta diyc hien cic quy dmh cua phaplui[ve[|uv^nbio vf ddim.sclirahan che quy&i li&p c ^ ihdtig nn ciia ngum dan: Irnng Jd, quyen licp cjin ihdng lin la co so phap ly de ngudi dan co th^ Ihyc In^n giam sal Uye tiep Ihong qua iheo ddi p h i l hi^n t i p ilioi cic vi pham phap lual ve phdng, chdng djch benh, Ben cjnh dd, vi^e h ^ cb^ quyen iiep can Ihflng tin eua ngufli din cfln gay nhieu kho khan cdng lic phdng, chdng djch h^nh, lam anh hudng dcn ddi sdng xa hpi nui phip lujr qudc lc quy dinh ehi han che cac quycn t-i.n nyucn n^u dieu nham mang igi lpi ich ldi dep hon cho xa hpi Hai fa Lugt Phdng, chdng benh iruyin n h i ^ n i m 2007 bao ham nhieu quy dinh chua bao dam sy thong nhit giCfa cic quyf n bao v$ ddi nr, quyin l i i p c i n thdng lin v i glim sii Iryc ticp cua ngiroi d i n , t d Ihe ehi Uong cac nhdm quy djnh ^au day + ,VAom quy dinh ve quyen hdo ve ddi lucua ngudi benh Khoin •^ Dieu 33 L u i l quy dieh v H t i c h nhipm cua thiy thude v i nhan vien y ts tgi CO sd kham chiia b^nh "phii gili bi miil Ihflng lin li£n quan dcn ngufli b^nh" Khoin Dicu M Luflt quy djnh; "Cam phin biet ddi xii v i d u a hmh anh, ihorig tm l i f u cyc v i ngurti mic bfnh ir^jyfn n h i ^ " Cie quy dinh Uen d i din din each h i i u vifc phdng chdng d|ch ehi la trach nhifm Cila neng cac cn quan cd diam quycn, d6ng i ^ a vdi vipc giam nhp di vai trd iham gia sy chu d^ng phdng v i chong dich cua oiSi ngu^i din Ngoai ra, tru&ng hyp cic thiing lin lien quan b^nh d|ch khdng ih^ l i ^ ^ i n d i y dii cung lam cho ngudi din khdng flh^n Uil"cncih ly lujn'Tqujen'nn figiini HHoaLujI Dji hccQuOe giaHaNfli.nJIft iHVHilHCUU 281LAPPHAP /^mv:^i-TAisa^ NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT djttc dung ve sy nguy hiem eila djch bfnhi CO lam 1^ chii quan, thd 0, ihgm chi khflng tuin Ihii nghiem clie cic quy lac troug phdng, chong djch - Nhdm cdc quy djnh Hin quan din quyen Uep can ihdng lin: Nguyen lac phdng, ehong bpnh tiuyen nbicm duyc quy d|nh li^i khoin Dicu Lujl Phdng, chdng b^nh truyen nhiem dd \i- cdng khai, chinh xic, kip thiin ih6ng Im vc djch Khoan Dieu Lujit quy djnh ve npi dung giSo due tiyyfn diflng vf phftflg, chdng binh tmyen nhicra, nich nhipm cja coquan Id chiie e^ nhin phdng, ch^ng bfnh UuyeiL tihicra, Khoin I Dicu 10 Lu^l quy djnh, "Ngirdi din duoe quyen tiip c|n rayi tbdng tin li^n quan den dich bfnh" Cd ih^^ fliiy, Luil Phdng, e h k ^ bfnb tniyen nhicm da thua nh^n quyen tiep c ^ ibdng tin eiia ngudi din, khdng gifli han quy&i lif p cin thdng lin, I Nhdm quy dinh Uin quan din iio^l i^'^iggfriffj sdt cua n^irdi ddn: Khoin S Difu Lufll giii thich, "Gidm 501 benh iruyen nhiem 14 vi^c thu thip thdng lin lifn luc ed h? Ihdng vf linh hinh, thjeu hudng ciia b^nh tmy^n nhiera pbin hch,giai thich nhim cung cip Ihdng tin tho vifc lgp kc hogch men khai va dinh gia hipu qua cic bifn pbap phAng, chflny bfnb iruy&i nhiem", Difu 20 Lu^l quy djnh hoiitdpng giam lil bpnh liuyeii iihi^m li: "giam sit cac trudng hup raac bpnh bj nghi ngd rajc bfnh va mang mim bfnh Iruyen nhiera giam sal tic nhin giy bpnh, giim sit trung gian gay bfnh" Khoan Difu 23 Lual quy dinh: "Co quan, td chuc, ci nhan phil hifn bfnh bOfliC dan hicu henh Iruyen nhiem cd iraeh nhiem ihdng bao cho Uy ban nhin din, eo quan chuyen mdn y If hofl,c eo so y le ooi gan nhal" Nhu \iy, vdi nhom quy dmh v^ giim flit dieh h&ib cua Lual da cho Ihiy cd iy chua thdng nhal giira cic difu Iugl, Theo cich quy dl nhgiijih ich ve giim sit djch bfnh Ihl chii Ihe thye hipn giim sal khflng phii li ngudi dan; dd, quy dyih ve uich nhiem pirn sii cd de cgp den "ca iihan'\ diiu niy gay khd khin yong vife ap dyng Ba i^ cic quy dinh ve xii lv vi pham phdng, chdng b^nh ituySn nhifm cdn ibifu Cu thf gay khd khan cho vipc liep c^n nyi dung nham kicm Era linh diing d^n eua hanh vi hay xie dinh chi lai cua neng banh vi vi pbam Um han chf hipu lyc ciia luat Tcon^ khoang dioi gian lulhing 1,^020 dfn diang 4/2020 Vifi Nam da rit quy^i hfl Uong cdng lac phdng, chdng d|ch Covid-J9, Ddi voi nhihig Irudng hpp xual hipn bpnh nhan bj nhiem Covid-19, ca quan chuc ning dua len phuong Hpn thdng tm di^i chiing ducVl dang dinh ^ ky' hieu vi dia phuong noi bfnh nhin smh :^dng d^ cho nguoi dan ca mrdc nam dupc ddng tbdi, chon phuong an khai thic thdng tin irirc Hep lu ngudi nhi^m bpnh df khoanh viing ph^m vi va cac Sti hiyng cd licp xuC df lh(rc hl^ii vi^ each ly y IS nguSn liy bpnh vdi cong d ^ g Chiing Idi cho cing, vdi thuc te 320 ca nhiem d' Vift Nam-, de nhd vj phin bi&l dupc bpnh nhan ti> sd I din 320 se rat khin cbo ngudi din hep cin ihdng im, Vi&e bao vp quven d^t fu cua b^nh nhan mi cic CO quan chue ning dang ihyc h i ^ ray phu hi^ vdi quy dinh ciia phip lual vf phang, chdng dieh Covid-19, nhung ciing cd hon chd la v i ^ ihu M p thdng tin de iruy lim diu vit nguon lay bfnh nhim khoanh vCing, cich ly khu vyc chiia mam bfnh, ihuc chal I Tinblrti ngjy iS.'f^D^O — HVHirH cuu Mfti'iuai• ra'BJza •_ LAP PHAP 29 - H A NUQC VA PHAP LUAT chl moi cing buoc trach nhi^m cua ngiroi benh phai ty nguyen khai bao, dieu din den xay cic Inj^mg hyp 'dU' - Nguoi benh t i l lich cyc bpp Eic khai hio linh Dang bfnh, nhung vi ihoi gian u bpnh lau', cd trudng hpp mang mam bpnh nhimg kh^ng bpc lo uif u chung ma die thii cdng vjfc phai di chuyfn nhi^UTun, tifp Xiic nhieu nguoi lam cho khai b i o thdng llli hp d i vfl linb bd ^ t eac d^i luong d i tifp xiic dan den Jam gia lang nguy co l i y lan dich bfnh ' Cd nhung Uudng hyp Jo ngai i n h hudng Iflr ich c i nhin nen ngudi b^nh da khdng Ht nguypn hyp lic, khdng Irung thuc khai bay l i m ein irfl co quan chiie n ^ g lan theo ilau vet dich bpnh, kien eho d|ch bfnh liy Jan trOn^ cyng dflng* !.3 Nguyen bal cffp nhan cda cdc han che, Thyc Irgng neu Uen xual phit tir cie nguyin nlian sau: ^Ipl Id vi|e h^n ehe Ihyc hifn quyfn oep cin diong lin df d i m bio quycn bio vf ddi lu cua bpnh nliin lam giiiii hieu qui g i i m ^ tnrc l i ^ ciia nguin din vipc ph6ng,chdng dich Covid-19 Hai Id, mpt Mi quv dinh Uong L u i i Phdng, ehdng bpnli truyen nhifm nam 2007 chua dip ung duyc cflng tic phdng chong djch bfnh hifn d nude la Ba Id nliin diiic vc iam quan trpng ciia hoat dyng giam ^al Iryc tiep ciia ngufll din cdng l i c phdng, chdng bfnh truyen nhiim noi chung, dai dich Covid-I9 ndi neng chua day dii, van edn oiyl hypban cd Um ly diQ • , cm ibuftng d|ch bfnh v i du*" liich nhifm viii cyng ddng M$t s6 d^ x u ^ l k i l n nghj Cic quyin o n ngndi v i n la nhdng gia tri cao quy c i n duyc idn Uyng v i hio dariT, nhimg trang b6i cinb d^i djch Covid-I" Inch lUy, chung la can d i l quyfn nfiP^i 1'™i ludi quan hp vdi lpi ich Chung cua x i h y i i CO nghra l i cic quyin e i nhin phii hai hoa vdi quyf n ciia nhdm, quycn cua ^