VAI NET VE THL/C TRANG VIEC L A M THEO THCfl VU CUA THANH NIEN NONG T H O N TAI C A C THANH PHO ThS Mai van Hi\ Vien Tdm ly hpe T6M TAT Thanh niin ndng thdn cic thinh phd Idn tim kii'm viic ldm, dil hp khdng cd trinh di tay nghi cao, dang Id mil xu hudng khd phd bii'n hiin Kit qud nghien cifu lid eho thdy, ly chinh thuc ddy niin ndng thdn thinh phd tim kiem viic lim la de ndng eao thu nhip cho bdn thdn x'i gia dinh Tuy nhien, thinh phd lim kii'm cdng viic, niin ning thdn phdi duang dau vdi khdng it khan tit diiu kiin dn d, den cdng viic vdt vd, nguy hiem va hp luin biy td mong mud'n dupc lim viic, phdt trien kinh li'tren chinh qui huong minh Ttt khda: Thanh niin ning thin; di cU; viec Idm; thinh phd lim viic Ngiy nhan bii: 14/3/2012; Ngay duyit dang bii: 20/8/2012 Bat van de Trong cudn "Nidn gidm thdng ke 2010" Tdng cue Thdng ke phat hanh nam 2010, ca nudc cd 9,7 tridu ngudi di cu ndi linh va lidn tinh Thanh nien ndng thdn thinh phd tim kie'm nhung viec lam thdi vu, tam thdi bdn canh nhttng mat tfch cue (lao them thu nhdp, viec ldm cho ngudi lao ddng, dieu ciiinh lai mttc dd chenh lecli vl thu nhap gitta ndng thdn va phd, cung cdp ngudn nhdn Ittc cho thi Irudng dich vu da dang lai cac dd thi ) cung gdy nhttng mat tidu cue, tac ddng khdng nhd tdi cudc sdng d dd thi nhu an ninh trdi III, sttc ep ddn sd, chdt Ittpng cudc sd'ng ndi chung Vi vdy, viec tim hiiu thuc trang viec ldm theo thdi vu cua nien ndng thdn la rdt cdn thill nhim cd nhttng chinh sdch hd tro, tao diiu kien eho niin ndng thdn cd thi lap than, Idp nghiep mdt cicii td't nhdt Khach Ihl nghiin cttu dupc lua chpn la 650 niin ndng thdn, dp nidi ttt 16 de'n 30 Dia bin nghien cttu thudc linh Thai Binh, Hda Binh, Khanh Hda vd Tien Giang Ddy la cdc linh dai dien cho cac vung miin Bic - Trung Nam; ddng bing - trung du miin nui - ven biin TAPCHiTAM LYHOC, Sd9 (162), - 2012 83 Dl tlm hiiu thtic trang vi^c ldm theo thdi vu cua nidn ndng thdn tai cdc thinh phd, chttng tdi stt dung cdc phuong phdp nghiin citu: diiu tra bdng bdng hdi vdi tiien ndng thdn; phdng vdn siu vdi cdn bd chfnh quyin, doin thi tai dja bin nghien cttu; thu thip, tim hiiu cdc tii liiu vl tinh hinh di ddn thinh phd tlm kiim vile lim dl c6 thdng tin phuc vu cho kit qua nghien cttn Kit qui nghiin curu 2.1 Bdng corra Ihdnh phd ldm viic cua niin ndng Ihdn Oi tim hiiu I-} di cu thdnh phd cua nidn ndng thdn, chttng tdi da dua cdu hdi: 'Theo bqn, ly vi hiin cd nhiiu ihanh niin ndng thdn cdc Ihdnh phd'Idn tlm kii'm viic Idm dd hp khdng cd trinh dd, tay nghi cao?" Bing sd liiu tdng hpp ttt cdu hdi niy nhu sau: Bdng I: Ly Ihanh niin ndng ihdn thdnh phd'tim kii'm viic Idm (%) GIdl tinh Dia b i n Tien Giang Khinh H6a Chung 80,0 54.2 61.9 64.0 65,8 62,9 65,5 53.3 55.4 42.5 54.9 51.5 27,1 21.3 20,6 25,8 40.2 25.7 20.6 29.2 32.9 22.3 17.5 22,7 23,0 45.5 53.8 28,0 70,3 29,2 46,3 48,0 19.3 17,7 24.4 15.4 22,5 14,7 18.8 Ihinh phfi nhiju dich vu giai tri 27,7 20.6 16.0 18.9 33.3 20,7 22,6 Khfing thi dfi cao ding, dai hpc Ihinh phfi cho da i p lire 29.6 39.2 29.3 30.9 34,2 35.4 32,3 TT CicIf Nam NO Thil BInh Hoa Binh d qu£ kh6ng tlm dut^c vific Ikn 62,6 60.8 48,8 65.7 Cfing vific ihftnh phfi duoc tri cfing cao hon 62,3 73,8 72,0 Mufin diroc mb ^ nhin 49.2 577 que bu6n chin vl mpi ngirdi di ^ an xa 22.3 Mufin dude khing d)nh ban IhAn Ra Ihinh phfi lim vi«c luc nfing nhin Di Iheo ban bt cho vui mang Sd lieu ttt bang trdn phan dnh ly thttc ddy manh me nhit khie'n nien ndng thdn phd lim kiim viec lam la cdng vile d phd dttpc 84 TAP CHiTAM LY HOC, Sd (162), 9-2012 tra cdng cao hem, vdi 65,5% sd lupng khdch thi dupc hdi lua chpn Thuc ll cudc sd'ng cua niin ndi riing vi ngttdi ndng din cdc vttng ndng thdn ndi chung cho thdy, nl'u chi trdng cdy vdo ngudn thu nhdp ttt ddng radng thi rdt khd dl ngttdi ddn cd thi dam bio cudc sd'ng ctta minh Mdt ngudi ndng ddn trung binh cd khodng mdt sio rudng Vdi mdt sio rudng dd, hp cd thi canh tie hai vu Itta ndm vi mdi vu niu thdi till dim bdo (khdng bi bao lut, ban hdn, siu binh ) thi ngudi ndng ddn cd thd thu vl khodng 300 - 4Cio kg thdc "Ttt ldng thu niy, ngudi ndng ddn cd thi bin thdc vi thu vl khoang trilu ddng cho mdi vii sin xuit Dd Ii cdn ehua tfnh tdi nhihig chi phf khdc cho qua trinh san xudt nhu phdn bdn, gid'ng, thudc trtt sdu, thue nhdn cdng Ittc vio vu thu hoach, ihul ciy btta Tic gii Nguyln Quang Thilu cho ring, trung binh thu nhdp eua ngttdi ndng ddn khoang 40.000 ddng/lhang Cd thi ndi, ddy Id mdt thuc ll vi chinh vi thi, 1^ thu nhip ttt cdng vide lam thue d thinh phd dupe tta cdng cao hon lam ndng nghiep khie'n Ihanh nien ndng thdn di cu thinh phd lam vide la hoin todn hctp IJ Ly cd ty Id lua chpn cao thtt hai li vi d que khdng lim dupc vide ldm vdi 61,9% sd ngudi dupc hdi Bin canh ly thu nhap qua tha'p nhu d tren, thi ly khdng lim dupc vile lam cua niin ndng thdn khie'n hp phai phd lim kii'm vile lam cho thd'y, bttc tranh ed phdn kem Ittoi sang vl cudc sd'ng va cdng vide cua nidn tai dia bdn sinh sd'ng Cung chinh vi ly mi CO tdi 48% sd khdch thi lua chpn phuong dn tranh thu Ittc ndng nhin thdnh phd lam vide, din mua vu lai quay vl nhd Trao ddi vdi chttng tdi vl vin dl nien ndng thdn phd lam viec, mdt can bd doin lai Qujuh Phu, Thai Binh cho rdng: Xu hudng di eu Ihinh phd cd nhiing tde dpng tiiu cue nhung vdn tqo dieu kiin de niin ndng thdn cd them thu nhdp Hp se Idm viic mdt sd ndm dcac thdnh phd cd vd'n rdi thi Iqi tiip luc Idm dn d nhd, cd tiin sda nhd cita, chdm sdc cat, bdme gid Dp tuoi chd yiu di cU thdnh phd ndm khodng 20 -45 cdc Idng qui bdy gid chd yiu la ngudi gid vd tre (Phd bi thu huyen doan Quynh Phu, Thdi Binh) Nhung thdng lin ndi tren eung cdp cai nhin ddy du hon ve thttc trang di ddn thinh phd cua nidn ndng thdn Trong sd cac ly nidn ndng thdn thinh phd lim vide, ly "mud'n dupc md mang ldm nhin" cd ty le lua chpn khd cao (51,5%) Rd ring, day Id ly cd ndi dung khac bin nhttng ndi dung tren Cd Ihl dieu dd xudt phdt ttt ddc thu tam ly cua nidn, thfch hudng tdi nhttng diiu mdi me, nang ddng khie'n hp mud'n phd tim viec lim So sanh cic ly khiin nien ndng thdn thinh phd lam viec cd the thiy sir khdc biet rd net d nhdm dia ban nghidn cun d mdt sd ndi dung VI du, ly "d qui khdng tim duac viec Idm" cd tdi 80% khach Ihl trin dia ban TAP CHiTAM LY HOC, Sd (162), - 2012 85 Tiin Giang lua chpn Thdi Binh 48,8%; "cdng viic d thdnh phd^duac trd cdng cao han": Thdi Binh: 72,0, Khdnh Hda: 62,9; "ra thdnh phd'Idm viic liic ndng nhdn": Hda Binh: 70,3, Thdi Binh: 28,0 Dl cd Ihl IS giii su khdc bill rd nit vl t} II lua chpn ndi trin phii xuit phdt ttt chfnh die diim phit triin kinh t l - xa hdi ctta dia phucmg Dia bin huyen Cai Ldy (Tiin Giang) noi tiin hinh khdo sdt cd ft cdc khu cdng nghiip vi khdng cd nghl trayin thdng (nhu Idi cia m^t cdn bd x i doin Long Khinh, huyin Cai Liy), dd, huyin Qujnh Phti (Thdi Binh) li dja bin cd nhiiu nginh nghl truyin thdng Mdt cdn bd doin d huyin Quynh Phti true tiip lim vile vdi chung tdi da cho bill: I*(ghl truyin thdng tucmg ddi nhiiu: lim chiiu cdi d xa An Tring, An VD, lim bttn bdnh da d Ddng Hii, An My, lim gd xa An Ddng Mdt sd cdng ty (Sao Vdng, Hoing Anh ) hing ndm thu httt khodng 2000 lao ddng trin dia bin Su khdc biit vl ngdnh nghl truyin thdng cung nhu cdc doanh nghiip thu httt lao ddng trin hai dia bin ndi trin din din ty II lua chpn IJ khdng tim dupc vile lim d qui cung khdc rdt rd nit Dd'i vdi ly thinh phd lim vile Ittc ndng nhin, niin dutJc hdi tai Hda Binh cd ty le lua chpn cao nhil (70,3%) vd nien dupc hdi tai Thii Binh cd ly le lua chpn thdp nhdt (28%) cung xuit phdt ttt ddc diim: Huyin Cao Phong (Hda Binh) noi dja bin tiin hinh nghiin cttn canh tic rdt nhiiu mia dudng vd cam, vi Ihl cdn nhiiu nhdn lire Ittc thu hoach Cd Ihl ndi, su khdc bill ndi trin cho thiy, chinh sich ddi vdi niin ndng thdn cdn phai tfnh din ddc thtt cua timg vung miin nhdm phit huy td't nhit Ipi Ihl' kinh t l xa hpi cua dia phuong vi tao su thudn Ipi cho niin Idp thdn, Idp nghiep 2.2 Thuc trang cong viic vd nhung khd khdn niin ndng thdn gap phdi thdnh phd ldm viic Dl tim hiiu thuc trang cdng viec cua nidn ndng thdn tai cdc thdnh phd, chung tdi dua cdu hoi: "Khi thdnh phd ldm viec cdng viec md nien ndng ihdn ihudng ldm Id gi?" Kit qua ttt cdu tra Idi cua cdc khdch thi nhu sau: Bdng 2: Cdng viec nien ndng ihdn Ihudng ldm tqi cdc thdnh phd STT Cdng viec XeOm Phuhd Ban hang rong Bdc vdc, chuyin dd dac, hang hda Thu mua dong nai 86 S6 luong 23 220 33 196 19 Ty le (%) 5.1 48,6 7,3 43,3 4,2 TAP CHl TAM LY HOC, Sd (162), - 2012 10 11 Ai thue Ei thi Idm Bdn nudc, trd da Biove Bin hdng, phuc vu lai cdc cia hdng, nhd hdng Bdnvlsd Cdc cdng viec khic 190 41 148 241 148 88 41,9 9,1 32,7 53,2 32,7 19,8 Kit qui ttt vile tim hiiu cdng vile niin ndng thdn thudng lim lai cic thinh phd cho thd'y, cdc cdng vide tliudng dttpc lim nhiiu nhit li bin hdng, phuc vu tai cdc ctta hing; phu hd lai cic cdng irudng xdy dung; bdc vac, chuyin dd dac, hing hda vi ihul gi thi ldm Nhttng cdng vide ndi tren diu Id cdc cdng vile don giin, stt dung sttc lao ddng true lil'p va hiu nhu khdng phdi ddo tao, khdng cdn ngudn vdn ban ddu Thuc t l dd ndu len stt edn thill phai dao tao nghl cung nhtt trang bi cho ngudi Ihanli nien ndng thdn nhttng kiln thttc, ky ndng cdn thill dl ttng phd, han chi din mttc thdp nhil nhung rui ro, lai nan cd Ihl xay qud trinh Idm vide Bdng 3: Nhiing khd khdn, rui ro niin ndng thdn gap phdi qud trinh Idm viec STT 10 11 12 13 14 Cac noi dung COng viec nang nhoc, vdt va Nha ctta, diiu kien an d chat hep, loi tan, mat ve sinh De bi lai nan; bit nat; cudp hang, lien Tliu nhap bi'p benh, khOng dam bao Cac mdi quan hi xa hdi bi thu hep Diiu kien cham soc sttc khoe khdng co Khdng CO co h6i vuon len vl hoc vdn, su nghiep Nhieu lo Idng, bd'l an, thach thttc Bi COI Ihudng, hit hui Thilu thdn linh cam gia dinh, lang xdm Thie'u ky nang ttng vdi khd khan, rui ro De sa vao te nan xa h6i (mai dam, ma luy ) Cd CO hdi kie'm lien nhieu Thie'u lao ddng d que nien chu ye'u di lam an xa TAP CHi TAM LY HOC, Sd (162), - 2012 DTB 2,57 2,43 2,34 2,48 2,09 2,24 2,25 2,30 1,98 2,31 2,12 2,39 2,14 2,38 Xep hang 13 10 14 12 11 87 Diy li ciu hdi cd cic mttc dO lua chpn ndn sd lieu dupc xti IJ theo cdc mttc lua chpn; rdt dttng - diim, diing mdt phdn - diim vi khdng dttng diim Trin co s i dd, sd liiu dUOc chia thdnh cic mttc ddnh gid: khdng dttng - ttt 1,0 - 1,66 diim; ddng mOt phdn: 1,67 - 2,33 vi rit dung: 2,34 - 3,0 Bang sd liiu trin chi cdc phuong in diu cd DTB cao dd cd phuong in nim khoing ddnh gii "rit dttng" (ttt 2,34 - 3,00) vi phuong in ndm U-ong khoing dinh gid "dttng mdt phin" (ttt 1,67 - 2,33), khdng cd dilni sd ddnh gii nio nim khoing "khdng dttng" Kit qui dd ndi lin cudc sdng vi cdng vile ctta niin ndng thdn thdnh phd gdp nhiiu khd khin, bJp binh Trong sd cic phucing dn dua ra, cdng vile ndng nhpc li phuang dn duoc cic khich thi lua chpn nhiiu nhit (DTB = 2,57, xip vj trf sd 1) Vdi cic cdng viec nhu da dl cip d iren thi stt vit vi, ndng nhpc li diiu khdng trdnh khdi Cfing vl ddc thtt lao ddng nhu vdy nin thu nhdp cua hp cung mang tfnh bip binh, khdng dim bio (DTB = 2,48, xip vi tri sd 2) Chuong trinh phit triin Liin Hilp Qudc (UNDP) phdi hpp vdi hai cue Thdng kl Hi Ndi vi thinh phd Hd Chf Minh nghiin cttu vl nghio dd thj ndm 2010 chi ra, cd din hon 3/4 sd lao ddng di ctt lim cdng vile lao ddng thi cdng, thp lip rip vin hinh miy vi lao ddng gian dtm; 1/4 cdn lai chu yi'u lim nhin vidn djch vu vi bin hing Mttc thu nhdp cua ngudi nghio di cu len thdnh phd chi khoang 750.000 ddng/ngttdi/ thdng d Ha Ndi vi 841.000 ddng/ngttdi/thing d thdnh phd Hd Chf Minh Xip vj trf sd Id phttOng an dc cdp din diiu kidn nha cua, an d cua ngudi lao ddng di cu thinh phd (DTB = 2.43) Thanh men ndng thdn va ngudi lao ddng ttt cdc linh khdc dd vl thdnh phd thudng phai sd'ng cdc khu phdng trp vdi cdc diiu kicn an d rit nhd hep, tdi tin Cd thi ndi, vdi ngudi lao ddng, viec thue mdt phdng nho dl sd'ng dd'i vdi hp chi Ii dl nhim thda man nhttng ydu cdu tdi thilu cua cudc sd'ng Diiu hp mong mudn nhit Id ddnh dum dupc mdt sd liin nhd't dinh dl trang trai cho cudc sd'ng cua ban thdn vi gia dinh Diiu da duoc khing djnh rd nil cac ly thttc ddy niin ndng thdn thdnh phd tim kie'm vile lim du d thinh phd cd thi hp phai duong diu vdi khdng ft nhttng khd khdn, rui ro 2.3 Mong mudn nguyen vpng vi cdng viec ciia nien nong thdn Ttt thuc trang cudc sd'ng, cdng viec ciia nien ndng thdn nhu trdn, chung tdi lil'p tuc lim hiiu vl nguydn vpng cua niin ndng thdn vdi cdu hdi "Bqn cd mong mud'n, nguyen vpng gi ve hpc nghi vd viec Idm cua minh?" Sd liiu thu dupc the hiin qua biiu dd dudi ddy: TAP CHiTAM LY HOC, Sd9 (162), - 2012 L ^ Owjc lUo Cd « t OBI Xiy aung C6 co h* DAU ti/, iiSy Cd ehii 1*0 nan* win sin nhi miy Ihtntt dirnoNT aflcfi Dio khich pfi 41 xuSi Irftn nohlip tgl phi lim hISn dal Iil4m an ihdn ca qu4 hifOftg NT vl«c smh xB h* gli^l hda cho ngiTiIrl nOng nghl4p ndng din Bieu dd 1: Nguyen vpng hpc nghi, viic Idm cda niin Ttt biiu dd trdn cd Ihl nhdn xet: mong mud'n Idn nhdt eiia nien ndng thdn Ii "dupc dio lao ren luyen vl ky nang nghl nghiep" va "cd vd'n, ddt dai de san xudt, lam giiu tren chi'nh que hucrng minh" Hai phuong an dl cdp de'n ndi dung niy cd ty le khdch Ihl lua chpn luong ung Id 72,4% va 71,0% Lao ddng ndng nghidp ndng thdn ttt bao ddi ludn gin liln vdi ddt dai Tuy nhiin, d cdc vttng ndng thdn hiin nay, diln li'ch dit canh tde ngiy cang thu hep da trd thinh lire can cho qud trinh sinh sd'ng eua hp Nhimg vu khie'u kien, tranh chip liln quan din dit dai thdi gian gin ddy minh chung dieu dd Vi vdy, ddy Ii nguyen vpng hodn todn chi'nh ddng vi xuit phit ttt chfnh thttc te cudc sd'ng va cdng vide eua nien ndng thdn Trong rudng dil ndng nghidp ngdy cing thu hep, nhudng chd cho cac khu cdng nghiep va cac khu dd thj, thi yeu ciu ve ky nang nghe nghiep de cd Ihl lam vide duoc tai cdc khu cdng nghiep ngdy cing Idn Tuy nhien, dd'i vdi nidn ndng thdn dudng nhu thil'u di diiu dd Ho chtta dupe dio tao nghe nghiip mdt each CO ban cho nin khd cd ihl dap ttng td't cdc yeu ciu cua cdng viec Hp chi cd Ihl lam nhung cdng vile thu cdng don gian, khdng qua dao too Vi the, mong mud'n dupc hoc tdp, hpc nghl cua hp la thuc su manh me (72,4%) Tuy nhidn, qud trinh khao sat lai dja bin nghien cun chung tdi nhdn tha'y, viec dio tao nghl cho Ihanh niin ndng thdn cdn nhieu bdt cap Xin liy mdt vai y kiln qud trinh phdng vd'n sdu lam minh chttng: TAP CHi TAM LY HOC, Sd (162), - 2 - Huyin cd hai trung tdm dqy nghi duac ddu tU nhung cdn nhiiu ludn trd, niin kiu thiiu vi(c ldm, mdi di hpc nghi nhimg lai khdng di Hgc Trudng Trung cdp nghi cua tinh ddng trin dia bdn huyin cdng ngdy cdng thiiu hpc sinh, vi tdn xd luyin mdi duac han 100 niin hoc Nguyin nhdn cua tinh trqng trin mdt phdn td niin cd tdm ly khdng thich hoc trung clffp, nhimg quan han Id ddo tqo nghi theo kihoqch hem Id nhu cdu: thdi gian ddo tqo ngdn, biit viic nhanh Id nhu cdu cda niin, nhung Iqi gido trinh nhiiu niin chu yiu hpc Idp hodc bS tde vdn hda, cdn phdi dqy vdo vile (Phd bf thtt huyin dodn (Ju^nh Phu, Thdi Binh) - Thanh niin cd tdm tu nguyin vpng mud'n hpc nghe di tdm phu giup gia dinh, khdng mud'n phdi di Idm dn xa Nhiing sd' lupng khdng nhiiu vi hpc khdng biit ldm gi Hiin cdng chua cd chuong trinh liin kit giOa xa dodn vd doanh nghiip dihS tra nien vi chuang trinh vay vd'n cung khdng cd vi hp cdn ehua ldm chd kinh li gia dinh (Phd bf thu dang uy xa Long Khinh, Cai Ldy, Ticn Giang) Ngodi hai ndi dung cd ly 11 lua chpn cao hon hdn so vdi cdc ndi dung cdn lai kl trin, cac ndi dung liln quan din phucmg hudng phit triin ndng nghiip ndng thdn nhu "Diu tu xiy dung ndng nghiip ndng thdn theo httdng hien dai", "Tao thj trudng lao ddng, nhd mdy san xuit tai ndng thdn", "Cd chi'nh sich bao hiim xa hdi, an sinh xa hdi cho ngudi ndng tiin" cd ly leTua chpn tren 50% Cdc chi'nh sdch niy diu gdn liln vdi cudc sd'ng cua ngttdi ndng ddn ndi chung vd niin ndng thdn vdi lu cich Id ngudn lao ddng chu yiu d ndng thdn ndi ridng Khi thuc hiin dupc nhttng miic tiiu ndi trdn, ngudi ndng ddn hoin loan cd thi lam vice, phdl triin cudc sdng cua minh m i khdng cdn phdi buon chai kii'm sdng cdc thinh phd Idn vdi diiu kidn sd'ng khdng dam bao Ndi cdch khdc, nidn ndng thdn cd ihl thuc hien dupc udc mo "ly ndng bdt ly huong" cua hp Ddy ddng thdi Id co sd ii giam dp luc ddn sd', xa hdi len cde thinh phd ItSn Thiic t l hien de' cd thi thu hut ducJc ngudn lao ddng li niin ndng thdn da cd mdt sd nhd mdy xf nghiip nhu may mdc, chi bidn ndng Idm sin chuyin co sd sin xudt vl cdc vung ndng thdn vi da thu httt dttpc mdt Ittong Idn lao ddng Id nidn tai chd Idm vide bdi Idm vide lai cdc nha may, xi nghiep na\ nien ndng thdn khdng phai sd'ng xa gia dinh, thue nhi ctta m i thu nhdp vdn dam bao Cd thi ndi, diy Id mdt hudng di rd't cin dupc quan tdm nghiin cttn vd md itmg, hon ntta Mong mud'n dupc phd Idm vide li ndi dung cd ty 11 lua chpn tha'p nhi't: 12,9% Vdi thuc trang cudc sd'ng va cdng vide nhu chung ta da thdy d trdn thi cd rd't ft ngudi mong mud'n Idn thdnh phd lam vide Ii diiu dl hilu Sd lieu dd mdt lin ntta cho thiy, neu nhu cudc sd'ng vi cdng viec cua Ihanh nidn ndng thdn dupc dam bao, hp hodn loin cd Ihl ydn lim gin bd Idp thdn Idp nghiep trdn qud huong minh 90 TAP CHi TAM LY HOC, Sd (162), - 2012 J ; 3.Kltliifln Ttt vile phdn tfch vdi nil thuc trang vile ldm theo thdi vu ciia Ihanh niin ndng thdn tai cdc thinh phd, cd thi thiy dupc nhttng 1^ quan trpng nhdt thttc ddy hp cdc thinh phd Idn tim kiim vile lim Id vl dl ndng cao thu nhdp, d qui khd khin tim kiim viec ldm Khi thinh phfi lim viec, nien ndng thdn thd hiin rdt rd mong mud'n dupc dio lao nghl nghiip cung nhu cd vdn, ddt dai dl phdt ti-iln sdn xuit, ldm giiu trin chfnh mdnh dit noi minh dupc sinh Cd thi ndi, mong mud'n dupc gdn bd, lim vile trin qui huong Id mdt nhting ndi dung quan trpng Id ddng luc thttc ddy nidn ndng thdn vtton Idn xdy dttng ndng thdn mdi hiin Ddy chfnh Id diim sing, nil tfch ciic Irong bttc tranh cd phdn dm dam vl thuc trang eu