Phân tích khái niệm hành vi giao tiếp có văn hóa trong tâm lý học ă

Tap chl sd 17 thang 4-2016, tnrdng Dai hgc Tay Ngu>'en ISSN 1859-4611 P H A N TICK K H A I N I E M H A N H VI G I A O T I E P C O V A N H O A TRONG T A M LY H O C Vii Thi V a n ' Nguyen Thj Hoai^ Ngay nhan bai: 25/3/2016: Ngay phan bien Ihdng qua: 12/4/2016: Ngay duyet dang: 15/4/2016 TOM TAT Giao tiep la dang hoat ddng dac biet ciia loai ngudi, phan anh ban ehit van hda xa hpi cua ngudi dd xa hgi Ngay nay, su xam nhap cua cac nin van hda mdi dac biet ia van hda phuong Tay lam cho cac chuan myc hanh vi giao tilp da cd nhilu thay ddi each thirc giao tilp cu dang cd nhirng bien chuyen manh me Do vay, hanh v i giao tilp cd van hda giao tilp chinh la ihudc gia tri cua sy phat tnen cua ngudi bieu dii ban sac rieng ciia mdi ca nhan va tao nen nhan each eua chinh ho Tir khda: hdnh vi hdnh vi giao liip hdnh vi giao tiip co vdn hoa I.MODAU ngdn ngu \ a phi ngdn ngir Giao tiep la mdt phuong lien co ban dam bao hoat ddng cita ngudi van hda giao tiep ludn phan anh trinh dd phat y-iln cua ca cdng ddng v a the hien gia tri nhan each ca nhan Van hda irons giao tiep cita mdi ca nhan duac hinh va phat trien sudt qua trinh hgc tap va ren luv en cita hg Vdi ngudi \an de xav- dung van hda aiao tiep va hinh d mdi ngudi hanh vi giao lilp ed van hda cd y nghTa lo Idn ldi hieu qua cita cone tac giao due va tao dung mdi quan he doan kit trona xa hdi nga\' nav \ p l DUNG, P H I ONG P H \ P 2.1 Ngi dung nghiin curu Nghien cuu each n i p can \k hanh \i giao tilp CO \an hda tam ly hgc 2.2 Phuffng phdp nghiin cuu Phuong phap phan tieh tai lieu KET QUA VA T H A O LUAN 3.1 Hdnh vi giao tiep cd van hda Giao liep la qua trinh luong tac trao ddi giira ngutri \ d i ngudi thdng qua Idi ndi \ a c u c h i nhim trao ddi thdng tin anh huong lin \ a lao mdl lien he giira cac ca nhan Su tuong tac na\ luon duge bieu hien ben naoai d l chiing ta cd the nam bat dugc nd dien bing hanh \ i eu thl Trong cau inic ciia hanh \i ta ihiv rina mat bieu hien eua hanh vi la thdng qua he lhdng eu chi ben ngoai Hanh vi giao tilp cung duoc bilu hien qua cir chi ldi ndi dieu bg dang've ciia ngudi Mai khac giao tilp ihyc chit la hoat dona dae biet cua eon ngudi nen diu bilu hien boi hanh ddng cu the va> giao lilp ca nhan phai dua vao \dn in thuc \a cae phuong nen bilu hien Trong Ky \ e u hdi thao "Nghien ciru co sd ly luan va phuong phap nghien cuu giao due hanh vi giao tiep cd van hda eho thilu nhi thit dd thdng qua ho^t ddng ddi" vdi bao cao vl "Giao d i p v i giao tiep ed van hda" tac gia Nguyen Quang Uin da eho rang: "Hanh \ i giao tilp la mdt qua trinh hanh ddng ctia eon ngudi mdi quan he aura ngudi \ d i nguoi bing each sir dung vdn hieu biel tri thuc \ e eon ngudi ehuin muc aia trj cua quan he ngudi - ngudi su dung phuong lien ngdn neii- \ a phi ngdn ngir dl tac ddng den chu t h l khae cung nhu dilu khien bin than Id chuc mdl cach cd he didng k\ nang giao tilp nhim dat duoc mucdich"[10: ir65] Theo tdc gia Ngu\en Quang L'in Hanh \ i giao tiep cd \an hda la mdl ioai hanh vi van hda hanh v i dao dire cua naudi bilu hien each giao liep eua ngudi chua dung cac gia tri van hda chuan mue ma cdt loi la cac gia tri dao due \ a thim mv duoc thyc hien theo qu\- tie giao lilp, dng xu xa hot lhdng qua eac hanh \ i cu chi ndi \ i l t \ a nhihig k> nang giao tiep tuan theo cae chuan muc \an hda \a hgi [10] Trong each hieu na> tac gia dae biet nhin manh idi gia in \an hda xa hdi ma chu the giao tilp cin nam duoc hanh \ i giao liep cd \an hda phai the hien duoc gia in Cd the ndi hanh vi eiao n i p cd van hda la hanh \i dugc thuc hien dua tren ca so chu the \ thirc duac tac dung eua no duoc bieu hien qua cu chi eung each, ldi ndi \a chm sy chi phdi eua cac chuan muc hanh vi xa hdi qu> dinh Dua vao mdl sd quan mem eua mdl sd lac cia va lhdng qua qua trinli tim hicu ve giao nip van hoa va hanh vi giao nep chiing ta eo duoc cach / ThS I ii Thl I an Khoa Supham iru&ng Dai ha^ TJi \ eva en Tac g.a lu-n he I u Th I an DT 0932352262 Email , a.n, Jhin a gma.l c, 113 Tap chi sd i ihang 4-2016 irudng Dai hgc Tay Nguyen hieu ve hanh vi giao liep cd van hda la: bieu hien eu die ben ngoai ciia eon ngudi chua dung nhirng gia In chuan myc van hda, duoc the hien iheo nhtmg quy lac giao Hep ung xu \a hot, thdng qua Idi ndi, chir viel va cu chi ciia ngudi Hanh vi giao tiep cd van hda dugc the hien thdng qua linh each va ky nang giao tiep vdi nhimg bieu hien dac trung' Idn irong ngudi khac, nhan hau, kheo leo, lich su, Ihien chi, trung thuc va thang thin giao Hep, khdng ap dat hieu ngudi each, cd each bieu hien diing muc nhu cau, thii, tinh cam cua ca nhan Nhdm gia trj Irong quan he vdi ban ihan biei lu trgng, ly lyc, tu lin vao ban than, ed ban ITnh va y chi vuon len: khiem tdn gian dj va liel kiem, hteu minh va danh gia diing v l minh; cd >' ihirc giu" g i " ve sinh va nang eao the lye ca nhan Nhdm gia tri quan he cdng viec cot ngng edng viee, cin eii hge tap cac gia tri ciia tri thirc, biet van dung sang tao vao thyc tiln, ky lual va cd trach nhiem; nang ddng va san sang tiep nhan eai mdl tien bp Nhdm gia trj Irong quan he vdi nidi irudng ly nhien- hieu biet va hanh ddng vi su saeh eiia mdi Inrdng, yeu va song hai hda vdi thien nhien, eham sdc thien nhien Dac trung Iren cho thay de cd duoc hanh vi giao liep cd van hda ca nhan cin cd ndi dung Iam ly ben day du cd kinh nghiem xa hdi, cd kha nang tiep thu tri thue, chuan muc van hda img xu Hanh vi giao liep co van hda va hanh vi giao lilp khdng ed van hda deu bieu hien ben ngoai ndi dung Iam ly ben Irong ihong qua cir chi, each ndi nang Tuy nhien hanh vi giao tilp khdng ed van hda thi khdng cd chuan myc nao, khong bilu thi gia tri van hda eua cdng dong, khdng tao dupc mdl lien he mat thiet giira cac ca nhan Nhdm gia Iri quan he vdi cac dan Ipe khac: hieu biet, tdn trdng va sin sang hgp tae thuc hien nhirng quy djnh chung cita cdng ddng, ciia cac nen van hda khac; cd thai dg diing myc va biet hanh ddng dam bao hai hda giifa lpi ich ca nhan, Igi ich dan tpe va loi ieh chung eiia khu vye, nhan loai; bao ve Iai san chung; bao ve chan ly, hda binh, Ngi dung tam ty hanh vi giao tilp cd van hda dupc bieu hien ben ngoat Ihdng qua he thdng nhu-ng cir ehi, ngon ngir khac Bilu hien ben ngoai cung chju su chi phdi eua cac ehuin mye xa hgi Ngdn ngir Irong giao lilp phai gian dj, ro rang, sang, d l hilu, cd ngi dung phii hgp, Iranh rdng Ngu dieu phat am dung, Iranh Iuc iTu, vay mugn ngdn ngu ngoai lai khdng phii hgp Ngdn ngir eung phai phii hgp vdi eii" chi ben ngoai nhu net inat, dieu bo, dang ve, Irang phuc tao nen sy dong dieu ung xu va giao tilp Theo do, hanh vi giao liep cd van hda chira dyng yeu td Iam ly ben nhu Yeu Id nhan thirc: Hieu ro y nghTa ciia cac chuan myc va nam duoc quy tic thye hien hanh vi giao tilp da dugc xa hpi thua nhan, tire la ea nhan phai nhan thuc diy dit vl chuin muc giao tiep thyc hien hanh vi gjao lilp lucmg irng, Yeu td tinh cam: Tin tudng vao cac chuin muc xa hdi va mong muon Ihyc hien chuin muc giao liep ddi hdi ca nhan cd ddng eo dimg din ihue hicn ^ Yeu td y ehi, thdi quen- Bilt lua chon, sir dyng cac phuong tien giao nip diing din, linh boat, sang tao, phil hop vdi lung dli tuong giao lilp hoan canh giao tiep Cd thdi quen va nhu ciu thuc hien hanh vi giao tiep cd van hda Trong cau iriic dd yiu td nhan thirc cd vi tri quan Irpng la ea so cho viec Ihyc hien dilu ehinh hanh vi Viee nim dugc gia Iri va ehuin muc xa hdi se giLip chil ihe Ihyc hien hanh dgng dung Ndi dung ciia nhirng chuin muc duoc bilu'^thi d cac nhdm gia tri quan he \a hdi sau, Nhdm gia tri Irong quan he vol ngudt khac: cdl md chan hda doan kit vdi mgi ngudi va tap the, hch sir tc nhi Irong giao n i p vdi moi ngudi, Ihien chl quan he vdi mgi ngudi bill chia se Iinh cam san sang giiip ngudi khac trung ihyc thang than, ehan ihanh vdi moi ngudi bill hop tae VOI moi nguoi va quan he gtdi linh lanh manh ton Irong \ a khoan dung ddi v di ngudi khac, quan lam Idi nhu eau lai ich cua nhirng ngudi vung quanh ISSN 1859:4611 Danh gia hanh vi giao tilp cd van hda cung gidng nhu danh gia hanh vi dao dirc khac, ngudi ta thudng can cu vao nhung lieu ehi sau: Mdl la tinh nhan thire: ddi hdi ca nhan phai nhan thirc dupc y nghTa xa hgi thye hicn hanh VI va nhan thuc dupc linh chan thue eua cac chuan myc dao dirc dugc the hien Irong hanh vi Tire la lir nhan thirc diing din ma ca nhan xay dyng ddng ca chan chinh d l thuc hien hanh vi Hai la thdi quen hanh vi; Hanh \ , , phai dugc thye hi9n theo nhirng chuan mye, quy lac img xu d mgi nai, moi lite, lien lye va cd linh Ii6 ihdng Hanh vi dd phai dugc the hien irong nhilu inoi quan he vol ban than, ngudi kh; '•"ng hoai ddng khac Nhu vay, danh gia hanh vi giao n i p c6 van hda chiing la can ctr vao eo so nhan thdc cua hiinl vi, xem hanh vi dugc thuc hifn dya trC-n LIIU" ^ mye nao, tinh phii hgp cua ehuan myc dugc nh'-in Ihuc Tu dd giup la danh gia dugc ddn^ cu ihu- 114 Tap chi so 17, thang 4-2016, tnrdng Dai hgc Tay Nguyen hien hanh vi va danh gia dugc gia Iri dao due eiia hanh vi dd, mat khac can xem xet tinh lien luc, ben vimg cua hanh vi Irong dieu kien khdng gian va ihdi gian 3.2 Giao tiip cd vdn hda vd van hda giao tiep Giao tiep la dang hoat dgng mang ban chat xa hdi eua ngudi ludn the hien van hda loai ngudi Van hda giao tiep la each bieu hien mire cao mdi hen he giifa ngudi - ngudi, the hien hinh thire giao tiep van minh, ljch su, bieu hien bang mgt he thdng quy tac img xu luong ung vdi gia In chuan myc eua xa hdi Theo tac gia Trin Trpng Thiiy, van hda giao tiep bieu hien d nel linh each, sy Idn trgng ngudi khac, thien chi, tl nhi chan thanh, ljch su, trung thyc, nhan hau, Van hda giao tiep edn duge the hien d ky nang giao tiep dae trung, khdng djnh kien vdi ngudi khac, cd each thire bieu hien tinh cam cita minh Ndi dung tam ly va ky nang giao tiep tao nen van hda giao tiep eiia ngudi Tuy nhien von van hda d moi ngudi khdng phai cd san va khdng ddng nhit giira mdi ca nhan, van hda gtao tiep dugc tich luy thdng qua qua Irinh hoe tap, ren luyen ciia lirng ea nhan Van hda giao tiep duge the hien d nhilu mirc dp khac va cd nhieu danh gia khac Trong giao tiep ngudi ta chia giao lilp cd van hda va giao tiep khdng cd van hda Giao lilp cd van hda la loai hanh vi van hda Day la loai giao liep ung xir mang tinh chuan myc tieu bieu, mang linh khudn mau, nhifng hanh vi mang gia tri van hda, dao dirc, tham my phit hgp vdi ban sic ctia cgng ddng, la su ket linh giifa truyin thing va hten d^i, cita cdng ddng truyen thdng va gia tri du nhap Giao ttep cd van hda duoc quy dinh bdi tirng dia phucmg, xa hdi, tirng qudc gia dan tdc Giao tiep cd van hda va khdng cd van hda deu Ihe hien ngi dung tam ly ben va dpng ca muc dich giao liep Tuy nhien, giao tiep cd van hda la nhifng hanh vi lam nen gia tri ciia hoat ddng giao liep ciia ngudi De cd dugc van hda giao liep thi moi ngudi can phai ed duoc Iri thirc ve giao tiep Irong epng dong, cin xay dung va bd sung chuan muc hanh vi giao liep, tire la cin phai thdng qua giao due lien Iuc ISSN 1859-4611 K E T LUAN Nhu vay, hanh vi giao liep cd van hda la mdt khai niem ihupc pham Irii lam ty hoc dao dirc, nham hudng den eac mdi quan he giao liep cd van hda ciia mdi ngudi xa hdi bao gdm viec giao tiep mdl each lich sy, thai dp than thien, cdi md, chan Ihanh, the hien su tdn Irgng nhau, la td hgp cita cac td^ ldi ndi, cu chi, hanh vi, thai dp, each ihig xir,., cita ngudi xa hpi Tap chi sd 17 thang 4-2016 trudng Dai hgc Tay Nguyen ISSN 1859-4611 ANALVSIS OF DEFINITION OF CULTURED COMMUNICATING BEHAVIOURS IN THE VIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY Vu Thl Van' Nguyen Thi Hoai^ Nga> nhan bai: 25'j/20I6 Ngay phan bien thdng qua- 12/4/2016; Ngay duyet dang 15/4/2016 SUMMARY Communication is particularly active form o f a man, reflecting cultural and social nature of human beings in societ>' Today, the entry' ofthe new culture, especially western euhure makes behavioral norms in communication have been many changes, Ihe old way of communicating is making great changes Therefore, the act of communicating with the culture of communication is the measure ofthe value of human development, indicating the tdentit>' of each individual and make up their own personality Keyword behavior, coinmimtcaiion beha\'ior behcnnor cultural communication TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Le Thi Bung va Hat Vang (2003) Tdm ly hgc img xir NXB Giao due V A Cruchetxki (1981) Co- so cua ldm ly hgc supham (tiip 2) T h l Long dich Ha Ndi; NXB Giao due Pham Khae Chuong (1997) LA Comenxki-Ong i6 cua nin suphgm can dat Ha Ndi: NXB Giao due Pham Khic Chucmg, H4 Nhat Thang (1998) Dao dtre hoc Ha Npi: NXB Giao due Ngd Cdng Hoan-Hoang Anh (1998) G7ao//e/Jj-ir/j/?aH7, Ha Ndi: NXB Giao due Nguyen Ke Hao Nguven Quang Uin (1995) Gido trinh Tdm ly hgc lira ludt vd tdm ly hoc Ha Npi NXB Giao dye ' Le Van Hdng, Le Ngpc Lan Nguyin Van Thang (2001) Tdm ly hoc lira ludi vd lam li hgc Ha Ngi: NXB Giao due Supham * supham ' Le Van Hdng (1998) Tdm ly hoc lira ludi vd ldm ly hgc suphqm Ha Ndi; NXB Giao due Nguyin Hifu Hop Luu Thu Thuy (1997) Dao dirc vd Phuongphap gido due dao dire NXB DHSR Thanh Doan Ha Ndi (2006)_ Kyyiu hot thao -Nghien ciru co so ly ludn vd phirong phdp nghien ciru gtao due hanh vi gtao tiep cd van hda cho thieu nhi thii Ihdng qua hoat dong doi" D l tai 01X 06/04 - 06 - 02 Ha Ndi (Bao cao ctia tac gia Nguyin Quang Uin "Gtao liip vd giao tiip c6 van hda i.'iier Lmiln of Pedagogy Tay \'gmen L'niversiiy isler fuLuIn flf Pedagogy Tm \gmen Cn.versilx -c-^pondiug aulhoi \ u Thi \ an Cellphone 0932352362 Lmail < 116 ... hda giao tiep duge the hien d nhilu mirc dp khac va cd nhieu danh gia khac Trong giao tiep ngudi ta chia giao lilp cd van hda va giao tiep khdng cd van hda Giao lilp cd van hda la loai hanh vi. .. cac phuong tien giao nip diing din, linh boat, sang tao, phil hop vdi lung dli tuong giao lilp hoan canh giao tiep Cd thdi quen va nhu ciu thuc hien hanh vi giao tiep cd van hda Trong cau iriic... hanh vi va danh gia dugc gia Iri dao due eiia hanh vi dd, mat khac can xem xet tinh lien luc, ben vimg cua hanh vi Irong dieu kien khdng gian va ihdi gian 3.2 Giao tiip cd vdn hda vd van hda giao