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G S D I N H X U A N L A M
N g a y 2 - 9 - 1 9 4 5 , C h u t i c h H o C h i
M i n h d a t h a y m a t C h i n h p h i i
l a m t h d i t r i n h t r o n g d o c Tuyen ngdn doc
lap, t u y e n b d t r u d c q u d c d a n d d n g b a o
v a n h a n d a n t h e g i d i l a n u d e V i e t N a m
D a n c h i i C d n g h d a d a r a d d i , k h a n g d i n h :
" N u d e V i e t N a m c d q u y e n h u d n g t u d o
v a d d c l a p , v a s u t h a t d a t h a n h m d t n u d e
t u d o d d c l a p T o a n t h e d a n t d c V i e t N a m
q u y e t d e m t a t c a t i n h t h a n v a l u c l u o n g ,
t i n h m a n g v a c i i a c a i d e g i u v u n g q u y e n
t u d o , d d c l a p a y "1
T r o n g b d i c a n h d d V i e t N a m c a n c d h d a
b i n h d e k i e n t h i e t d a t n u d e , v i v a y , C h i n h
p h i i n u d e V i e t N a m D a n c h i i C d n g h d a d a
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k i e n t r i g i a i q u y e t m d i q u a n h e b a n g g i a o
h d a b i n h v a h o p t a c v d i C h i n h p h i i P h a p
V i e t N a m d a n h a n n h u o n g k y Hiep dinh so
ho ( 6 - 3 - 1 9 4 6 ) N h u n g t h u c d a n P h a p d a
p h a n b d i cac v a n b a n v u a d u o c k y k e t c h u a
r a o m u c , t r a n g t r o n p h a h o a i c a c c u d c d a m
p h a n n g o a i g i a o g i u a V i e t N a m v a P h a p
V d i b a n c h a t t h u c d a n , c h i i n g d a b d i u d c ,
l a n t d i b a n g c h i n h t r i - q u a n s u n h a m t h u c
h i e n a m m u u d a t l a i t o a n b d a c h t h d n g t r i
t r e n d a t n u d e t a
T r u d c t i n h h i n h n g a y c a n g n g h i e m t r o n g
d o q u a n v a d a n t a v a n b i n h t m h d d i p h d v a
k h a n t r u a n g c h u a n b j T i n h t h e k h a n c a p
d d i h d i D a n g v a N h a n u d e - d i i n g d a u l a
c h i i t i c h H d C h i M i n h - p h a i c d m d t s u
c h o n l i r a l i c h s i i , p h a i k j p t h a i c d m d t q u y e t
d j n h c h i e n l u a c d e x o a y c h u y e n v a n n u d e
d a n g l a m n g u y D i i n g 2 0 g i d n g a y 1 9 1 2
-1 9 4 6 , m e n h l e n h c h i e n d a u d a d u g c p h a t r a ,
Ldi keu goi toan quoc khdng chien c i i a C h i i
t j c h H d C h i M i n h d u g c t r u y e n d i r d n g r a i
k h a p c a n u d e : " C h i i n g t a m u d n h d a b i n h ,
c h i i n g t a p h a i n h a n n h u a n g N h u n g c h i i n g
t a c a n g n h a n n h u a n g , t h i r c d a n P h a p c a n g
l a n t d i , v i c h i i n g q u y e t t a m c u d p n u d e t a
l a n n u a ! K h d n g ! C h i i n g t h a h y s i n h t a t c a ,
c h i i n h a t d j n h k h d n g c h j u m a t n u d e , n h a t
d j n h k h d n g c h j u l a m n d l e "2
T i e p d d , n g a y 2 1 - 1 2 - 1 9 4 6 , N g u d i d a
g i i i t h u d e n n h a n d a n V i e t N a m n h a n d a n
P h a p v a n h a n d a n c a c n u d e D d n g m i n h n d i
r d m u c t i e u v a y c h i d a u t r a n h v i d d c l a p
t u d o c i i a V i e t N a m , v a k h a n g d j n h : " C u d c
k h a n g c h i e n r a t l a u d a i v a d a u k h d D u
p h a i h y s i n h b a o n h i e u v a t h d i g i a n k h a n g
c h i e n d e n b a o g i d , c h i i n g t a c u n g n h a t d i n h
c h i e n d a u d e n c i i n g , d e n b a o g i d n u d e V i e t
N a m d u g c h o a n t o a n d d c l a p v a t h d n g
n h a t C u d c t h a n g l g i c u a c h i i n g t a r a t
d u g c b a o d a m "3
Trang 2D i e u c o t i n h c h a t q u y e t d i n h l a D a n g v a
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C h u t i c h H o C h i M i n h d a h a q u y e t t a m
c h i e n l u g e m o d a u c u o c k h a n g c h i e n t o a n
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q u o c d u n g l u c v a x a c d i n h d u g c t u d a u
n h u n g n o i d u n g c o b a n v e q u a n d i e m ,
d u o n g l o i k h a n g c h i e n l a c h i e n t r a n h n h a n
d a n , t o a n d a n , t o a n d i e n , l a u d a i , t u l u c
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c a n h s i n h v a n h a t d i n h t h a n g l g i C h i n h t r e n
c o s o q u y e t t a m t h u c h i e n d u o n g l o i d u n g
d a n , s a n g t a o d o m a n h a n d a n t a d a k h a c
p h u c d u g c m u o n v a n k h o k h a n c h o n g c h a t
c u a b u o i d a u k h a n g c h i e n D e d e n n a m
1 9 5 0 , n u o c V i e t N a m D a n c h u C o n g h o a
d a g i a n h d u g c n h i m g t h a n g l g i t o I o n v e
c h i n h t r i , n g o a i g i a o , q u a n s u
V e c h i n h t r i v a n g o a i g i a o , s u e m a n h v a
u y t i n c u a n u o c V i e t N a m d u g c t a n g c u o n g
r o r e t L u c l u g n g x a h o i c h u n g h T a t r e n t h e
g i o i d u g c c i i n g c o v a t a n g c u o n g L i e n X o
d a h o a n t h a n h v i e c k h o i p h u c v a p h a t t r i e n
k i n h t e s a u c h i e n t r a n h v a c h u a n b i t h u c
h i e n k e h o a c h 5 n a m l a n t h i i n h a t 1 9 5 1
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1 9 5 5 , q u o c p h o n g v u n g m a n h H i e p d i n h
X o - T r u n g d u g c k y k e t ( 2 - 1 9 5 0 ) d a t a n g
t h e m s i i c m a n h c h o h e t h o n g c a c n u o c x a
h o i c h i i nghTa C a c n u o c x a h o i c h i i n g h T a ci
D o n g A u c i i n g g i a n h d u g c n h u n g t h a n h t u u
q u a n t r g n g t r o n g c o n g c u o c k i e n t h i e t
C a c n u o c x a h o i c h i i n g h T a s a u k h i l a p
q u a n h e n g o a i g i a o v o i V i e t N a m d a l i n g h o
v e t i n h t h a n v a v i e n t r g v e v a t c h a t N a m
1 9 5 0 , h a n g v i e n t r g c i i a T r u n g Q u o c d a
d u g c c h u y e n t o i V i e t N a m
P h o n g t r a o g i a i p h o n g d a n t g c t i e p t u c
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p h a t t r i e n m o t so n u o c d a g i a n h d u g c d g c
l a p d a n t g c D i u t r a n h b a o v e h o a b i n h t h e
g i o i d a t r d t h a n h p h o n g t r a o q u a n c h i i n g
r d n g r a i
T r o n g b d i c a n h t h u a n l g i d o k h d n g p h a i
k h d n g c d r i t n h i e u k h d k h a n C u t h e l a de
q u d c M y t a n g c u d n g c h a y d u a v u t r a n g , l a p
K h d i q u a n s u B i c D a i T a y D u o n g ( N A T O ) , t h a n g 9 - 1 9 4 9 , d a y m a n h c u d c
" c h i l n t r a n h l a n h " , t i e p t a y c h o c a c n u d e de
q u d c k h a c t r o n g c u d c c h i l n t r a n h x a m l u g e
t h u d c d i a v a t r u e t i e p t h a m g i a c u d c c h i e n
t r a n h d T r i l u T i e n ( 1 0 - 1 9 5 0 ) T r u d c d d
t h a n g 5 - 1 9 5 0 , T d n g t h d n g M y H T r u m a n
d a q u y e t d i n h v i e n t r g c h o P h a p t r o n g c u d c
c h i l n t r a n h x a m l u g e D d n g D u o n g , l i n g h d
C h i n h p h i i B a o D a i T h a n g 1 2 - 1 9 5 0 h a i d l
q u d c M y v a P h a p d a c u n g c a c " c h i n h p h i i
q u d c g i a " V i e t - M i e n - L a o k y b a n Hiep dinh phdng thii chung Dong Duong, M y
c a m k e t se v i e n t r g q u a n s u c h o c a c c h i n h
q u y e n t a y s a i d e p h d n g t h i i D d n g D u o n g
t t r
t h u c c h a t l a d e c h d n g l a i p h o n g t r a o g i a i
p h d n g d a n t d c c i i a n h a n d a n b a n u d e
T h a n g 9 - 1 9 5 1 , M y t r u e t i e p k y v d i B a o D a i
" h i e p u d c t a y d d i " , g g i l a Hiep uac hop tdc kinh te Viet - My, n h a m c h u y e n t h a n g m d t
p h a n v i e n t r g M y c h o C h i n h p h i i B a o D a i
v a t r u e t i e p r a n g b u d c c h i n h p h i i n a y v a o
M y T h a n g 1 2 - 1 9 5 1 , M y l a i k y v d i B a o D a i
m d t b a n Hiep nghi an ninh chung
S a u k h i c a c H i e p d i n h v i e n t r g q u a n s u ,
k i n h t e , a n n i n h d u g c k y k i t , v i e n t r g c i i a
M y c h i e m t y l e n g a y c a n g c a o t r o n g n g a n
s a c h c u a P h a p d D d n g D u o n g C a c p h a i
I ' r
d o a n v i e n t r g k i n h t e c d v a n q u a n s u c i i a
Trang 3M y l a n l u g t t a i V i e t N a m , d o a n c d v a n
q u a n s u M y ( M A A G ) d u g c t h a n h l a p 6
V i e t N a m
D u g c M y v i e n t r g , P h a p d a k e o d a i c u o c
c h i e n t r a n h x a m l u g e D o n g D u o n g , t a p
t r u n g l u c l u g n g p h o n g n g u v a b i n h d i n h
v u n g t a m c h i e m , n h a t l a a v u n g d o n g b a n g
B a c B o ; d o n g t h a i m a c a c c u o c p h a n c o n g
v o i h y v g n g g i a n h l a i q u y e n c h u d o n g
c h i e n l u g e d a b i m a t d c h i e n t r u d n g B a c
B o C h i n h v a o t h d i g i a n n a y , n g a y 6 1 2
-1 9 5 0 , C h i n h p h u P h a p c u D a i t u d n g D d l a t
d d T a t x i n h i s a n g l a m T o n g c h i h u y q u a n
d o i v i e n c h i n h , k i e m C a o u y P h a p d D o n g
D u o n g V d i s u v i e n t r g c u a M y , D d l a t v a
" c h i n h p h i i q u o c g i a " d a x a y d u n g d u o c
m o t d o i q u a n d o n g d a o , t h u c h i e n r a o r i e t
h a n c h i n h s a c h " d i i n g n g u d i V i e t d a n h
n g u d i V i e t "
S u n o l u c c h i e n t r a n h c i i a P h a p v a
" c h i n h p h i i q u o c g i a " d o M y v i e n t r g d a
g a y c h o t a n h i e u t d n t h a t n h u n g c h i i n g c u n g
k h d n g t h e x o a y n g u g c t i n h t h e t r e n c h i e n
t r u d n g T r u d c t i n h t h e b u c b a c h d d , d l
q u d c M y c h i n h t h i i c q u y e t d i n h t h a y P h a p
x a m l u g e V i e t N a m
B a t c h a p t a t c a m g i m u u m d v a t h i i d o a n
ac d d c c i i a b e I i i d e q u d c v a t a y s a i , d u d i s u
l a n h d a o c i i a D a n g v a C h i i t i c h H d C h i
M i n h , c u d c k h a n g c h i e n c u a d a n t d c V i e t
N a m ( c d s u d o a n k e t c h a t c h e v d i h a i d a n
t d c L a o v a C a m p u c h i a ) v a n t r e n d a p h a t
t r i e n m a n h m e , c u e d i e n c h i e n t r a n h d
D d n g D u o n g v a n t h a y d d i t h e o c h i l u
h u d n g c d l g i c h o c u d c k h a n g c h i e n c i i a b a
n u d e C h i n h v a o t h a i d i e m t h u a n l g i n a y ,
D a i h d i d a i b i l u t o a n q u d c l a n t h i i I I c i i a
D a n g d a h g p d C h i e m H d a ( T u y e n Q u a n g )
t i r n g a y 11 d i n n g a y 1 9 - 2 - 1 9 5 1 , q u y l t
d i n h n h u n g v a n d l t r g n g d a i v e p h u a n g
c h a m , d u d n g l d i , v e t d c h i r c c h u n g c i i a b a
n u d e D d n g D u o n g v a r i e n g c h o m d i n u d e
d e t h i i c d a y c u d c k h a n g c h i e n v e m g i m a t
q u a n s u , n g o a i g i a o , k i n h t e , v a n h d a
-g i a o d u e , x a h d i , d d i s d n -g C h i i t i c h H d
C h i M i n h d a n h a n m a n h : " D a i h d i t a l a
D a i h d i k h a n g c h i e n N h i e m v u c h i n h c i i a
D a i h d i t a l a d a y k h a n g c h i e n d e n t h a n g l g i
h o a n t o a n v a x a y d u n g D a n g L a o d d n g
V i e t N a m "4
T h u c h i e n d u d n g l d i D a i h d i I I v a c h r a ,
c u d c k h a n g c h i e n c i i a d a n t d c t a , c i i n g v d i
r
c u d c k h a n g c h i e n c i i a h a i d a n t d c L a o
-C a m p u c h i a a n h e m c h d n g t h u c d a n P h a p
r r
x a m l u g e d a d i d e n t h a n g l g i , m d r a t h a i k y
p h a t t r i e n m d i c i i a d a n t d c t a t r e n c o n d u d n g
h o a n t h a n h e a c h m a n g d a n t d c d a n c h i i n h a n
d a n , t i e n l e n x a y d u n g n u d e V i e t N a m h o a n
t o a n d d c l a p , t h d n g n h a t , d a n c h i i , g i a u
m a n h t h e o d i n h h u d n g x a h d i c h i i n g h T a ,
d u d i a n h s a n g c u a t u t u d n g H d C h i M i n h
1 Hd Chi Minh Todn tap, C T Q G , H ,
1 9 9 5 , T 3 , t r 5 5 5 - 5 5 7
2 , 3 Sdd, T 4 , t r 4 8 0 , 4 8 4
4 D a n g C d n g san V i e t N a m : Van kien Ddng Todn tap, C T Q G , H , 2 0 0 1 , T l 2 , t r 2