ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA BA LOẠI BAO TRÁI LÊN MÀU SẮC VỎ VÀ PHẨM CHẤT TRÁI XOÀI CÁT C U VÀ CÁT HÒA LỘC (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) docx

T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 171 A BA LOC V M CHT  C (MANGIFERA INDICA L.)  1 , Nguyn Th  2 n S Hiu 1 1 c ng di hc C 2 ng C Thông tin chung:  21/01/2013 20/06/2013 Title: Effects of three kinds of fruit covering bags on skin colour and flesh quality of   indica L.) Từ khóa:    Keywords: Thai made bag, Taiwanese   mango ABSTRACT This study was aimed to determine effect of kinds of fruit cover bag on skin              experiment was conducted using 9 and 16 year old t     and practical farm of Can Tho University, respectively from February to July 2011. The experiment had four treatments (covering fruits with two layers bags made in Thailand (TL), glossy whitish paper bag made in           treament), seven replications each of which equals to one tree, 20 covered fruits per tree in each treatment. Results reflected that covering fruit with               brightness, a* and b* index of fruit skin, but did not cause any impact on fruit size, weight, and flesh quality ( o Brix, TA and vitamin C content) of    into yellowish of fruit skin at harvest, decreasing, thus brighter and more beautiful fruit. T     -    bao),       o      T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 172 1 T V      ng t   1950  Cebu, Philippines  dn bi Quintana, 1984). G    c s d dch hi tng hp nhm hn ch s d cht. Tr   et al. (2009) cho bit         ng bin  hn ch b do vi khun ch yu (82% h         n xum vt li Thanh Phong et al. (2002) nhn th b      t hp vi gi      hn ch        n p lc t  v                    (2009) nhn th   hn ch b c ht, gim s m   m                ci thic v  h     u. G   huy      t hin loi bao gi n xut. Loi   thu ho   c thc hin nh  nh hiu qu ca ba loc  2  U   c thc hin t  -        c 16  i ti tri thc nghi   nghinh hc ng di hc Ci t M  T  c b    thc khi     i bn nghim thc (NT), by ln lp li, mi ln lp lng vi mi nghim th Nghim thc c     i bao                   Lan sn xut (TL), (2) bao gi   trn xuo        p m thi chng         u n           bc bao  giai  Lc bao  u   c v  s ng chlorophyll   cng ca v m ch ng vitamin C, tng s axit trong thc ghi nht ln khi thu hoch. ng chlorophyll trong v  b k       c v    ng    -    m    t qu      th cng v c  ng dng c   m k), sai s m duy nht  v  gi ng kgf/cm 2      c th    p      m d   chun ca Looney (1970). Mi mu s y c l   n s  t gi  m th ng  LSD  m m.   T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 173  n bi  i Tri thc nghii hc C 3 KT QU O LUN 3.1 ng  ng Chlorophyll a & b trong v   n n khi thu ho  mng 1a). ng bao TL ng chlorophyll a&b thng i ch    ng chlorophyll a & b gia m th          ging ng chlorophyll a & b trong v i bao bng i chng chlorophyll a & b trong v a NT bao TL i chng   n s quang hp c  ng th ng n trong v c s dng dng (kh CO 2  git, 2002; Nguyy, bao  gi  ng chlorophyll a & b trong v  Bng 1a: ng c  SKBT ti huy Loi bao      15 30 45 15 30 45 i chng 54,33 a 53,29 a 34,99 a 17,14 a 16,51 a 16,62 a  41,72 b 40,96 b 22,61 b 11,79 b 9,18 b 9,05 b  45,30 b 44,46 b 22,29 b 11,82 b 9,78 b 9,03 b  53,88 a 52,98 a 35,35 a 18,09 a 16,48 a 15,62 a F * * * * * * CV (%) 7,78 8,14 18,07 29,00 40,36 35,26 Nhng s t c s theo sau gi m  t  m (a) (b) T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 174 Bng 1b: ng cb trong v  Lc SKBT ti Tri thc nghi Loi bao      15 30 45 15 30 45 i chng 56,53 a 49,76 a 32,57 a 16,76 15,75 a 15,25 a  43,63 b 39,94 b 22,75 b 13,46 9,29 b 8,78 b  47,21 b 40,80 b 22,55 b 13,49 9,89 b 7,54 b  56,38 a 49,61 a 32,50 a 15,59 14,58 a 13,50 a  - - - 14,83 - - F * * * ns * * CV (%) 7,38 7,06 11,79 29,15 29, 9 33,42 Nhng s t c s theo sau gi m  t  m 3.2 c v  3.2.1 Ch s   Ch s L* gim tht      m     giai     n khi thu ho  c hai gi       c (B ng bao m, tht c lo do v   i vi    thm thu ho c bao b  ng ng u qu   ca v c bao bu qu   t   c (b) sau khi bao n thc nghi   i ch TL  L  L   TL a b T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 175 Bng 2: ng cn ch s L* ca v c   Loi bao  c  15 30 45 15 30 45 i chng 22,82 b 22,31 b 20,25 b 20,26 b 20,25 c 20,09 c  24,46 ab 26,05 a 26,31 a 23,04 ab 25,64 a 26,06 a  24,99 a 18,41 c 15,56 c 24,20 a 17,16 d 15,56 d  23,59 ab 24,82 a 24,95 a 20,41 b 22,94 b 23,61 b F * * * * * * CV (%) 6,54 7,07 6,99 11,93 9,57 7,29 Nhng s t c s theo sau gi m  t  m 3.2.2 Ch s  Ch s t qu     ch s L*. S  t gia m th thi v        t gi     i vi gi   c s  s  th hi      m thc bao b s a* thp  s i NT i ch s a* gi    a v t    s b*       n t xanh ng bao TL hay m ch s      cho v  Bng 3a: ng ci bao tn ch s a * a v  m SKBT ti huy Loi bao ch s a* ch s b*  15 30 45 15 30 45 i chng -10,99 b -10,66 c -9,75 b 32,27 b 32,03 b 33,03 b  -10,17 a -4,64 b -3,14 a 33,80 a 38,19 a 40,46 a  -10,00 a -2,73 a -0,48 a 33,83 a 38,67 a 41,39 a  -10,98 b -11,29 c -10,74 b 32,41 b 32,99 b 32,96 b F * * * * * * CV (%) 27,75 28,86 26,56 2,6 3,64 5,23 Nhng s t c s theo sau gi m  t  m Bng 3b: ng cn ch s a v c  i m SKBT tn thc nghi Loi bao a* b*  15 30 45 15 30 45 i chng -11,16 b -10,86 c -9,95 b 32,54 32,39 b 31,54 b  -10,97 a -7,54 b -4,17 a 33,61 35,61 a 36,61 a  -11,03 a -4,73 a -1,48 a 33,34 35,06 a 35,60 a  -11,27 b -11,02 c -10,14 b 32,73 32,44 b 32,87 b  - - - 33,06 - - F * * * ns * * CV (%) 27,75 28,86 26,56 5,23 5,83 4,77 Nhng s t c s theo sau gi m  Duncant  m T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 176 3.3  cng c S t  m  cng v  th  Lc (B  n ch     thp nht, ti n th       u qu  gim s   cng trung a  2         2   y,          i ch Bng 4: ng cn s  cc  n thu ho Loi bao  c   cng (kgf/cm 2 )   cng (kgf/cm 2 ) i chng 330,00 a 1,26 416,7 a 2,74  159,71 c 1,18 258,0 c 3,04  - 1,36 - 2,74  213,29 b 1,46 320,0 b 2,61  - 1,32 - 2,78 F * ns * ns CV (%) 7,44 27,06 6,83 30,5 Nhng s t c s theo sau gi m  Duncant  m 3.4 c th T l v c th m quan  y, gi  di ch bi m 5% v t l         l th m gi      t v mt th m nhc bao bng lo l  p nh  i chng t    l  m chim t l cao nht (14,29%), i.  c li t l v c thm quan gi  di cht ng 5). Kt qu c thc       i c v   m ca ging.  l v c thi huynh  T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 177 Bng 5: T l v  c th     m qua     c t n thc nghi Loi bao c th t  m i chng 25,72 65,71 8,57  57,14 42,86 0,0  45,71 54,29 0,0  31,43 62,86 5,71  40,00 56,43 3,57 F ns ns ns CV (%) 69,14 50,96 98,01 S li  3.5           c  c ba thm thu m bi  u rng  n thu hoch c  l        ng 6). Hunh t qu  c b   thu ho Phong et al.  b  i bao nylon ho    gi           nh h        c. Bng 6: ng cn b u r c   Loi bao  c B  (cm) Chiu rng (cm) Chi (cm) B  (cm) Chiu rng (cm) Chi (cm) i chng 7,66 8,15 13,67 7,55 8,43 12,9  7,72 8,16 13,61 7,42 8,36 13,6  7,67 8,25 14,01 7,32 8,29 13,3  7,68 8,31 13,36 7,33 8,20 13,1  7,69 8,22 13,66 7,41 8,32 13,2 F ns ns ns ns ns ns CV (%) 3,94 3,03 6,29 2,70 2,69 5,43  3.6 Kh Kh       t  m (Bng 7). Kh      m thu hoch l Nhi ng bi     n khng nh (2000) khi thc hin c hay Nguyn Th Tuyt Mai (2005) khi ti  . p   thc v p lc t tp trung ch yu          a thc v t, 2008). Quang h       cha thc vnh et al.,   n ph   a   quang hp s c chuyn v    thc v tn tr, to cu  ph phc v n ca thc v   ng nh     su  ng (Nguy  t, 2008). Do T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 178         n phm ca quang hp t   ng lo      n trng ch. Bng 7: ng cn trc  i  Loi bao  c  15 30 45 15 30 45 i chng 287,8 355,7 367,2 330,4 407,0 400,9  293,3 345,3 379,9 340,5 407,3 438,9  306,1 357,0 335,0 332,7 410,8 428,4  262,6 358,4 363,9 322,1 407,4 412,0  287,4 354,1 361,5 331,4 408,1 420,1 F ns ns ns ns ns ns CV (%) 13,35 8,32 11,05 10,51 7,15 8,95  3.7 Phm cht th Phm ch  t        tt c   n c  ch.  n thu ho         7,0%,                   c          14,1 mg/100 g th      0,52 g/l (Bng 8)    Truy    Hii bi bao i, bao nha PP, bao giy du, bao gi   th       n phm cht c  t qu   c bng        y d      n 40  Bng 8: ng c  c  n thu hoch,  Loi bao  c o Bix (%) ng Vitamin C (mg/100 g th TA (g/l) o Bix (%) ng Vitamin C (mg/100 g th TA (g/l) i chng 16,7 7,54 0,21 18,1 14,1 0,53  16,1 8,05 0,22 18,6 14,0 0,52  17,6 8,93 0,22 17,8 14,1 0,51  17,7 11,44 0,22 17,9 14,3 0,52  17,0 8,99 0,22 18,1 14,1 0,52 F ns ns ns ns ns ns CV (%) 10,05 43,7 14,5 5,84 4,04 6,10  4 KT LUT 4.1 Kt lun Dt qu o lu kt lu           ng chlorophyll a & b ca v  i, ch s  ca v  c, trm cha thc.          c bu qu ng           T Phn p, Thy s Sinh hc: 26 (2013): 171-179 179   thm thu hoch.  m s   4.2  xut   n 30 c  n 40 ng lo  p khi thu hoch. U THAM KHO 1. c vi i hc Qu H  2. u qu ca mt s lo phm cht cc. LVTN ng KT-KT C 48 tr. 3. Hunh, 2000. ng ca thi t lim ch  i hng i hc C-28. 4. n Bo V nh nh, 2002. ng ca vt li th Mangifera indica L.). T hi hc C-145. 5. Looney, N.E. 1970. Metabolic control of ripening, Hort. Sci. 5, 270 p. 6. ng, Nguyng  thc vi, 307 tr. 7. Nguy Thc vi ht, 124 tr. 8. Nguy thc vi hp, 236 tr. 9. Quintana, E.G., P. Nanthachai, H. Hiranpradit, D.B. Mendoza Jr. and S. Ketsa, 1984. Mango: Fruit development, Postharvest physiology and Marketing in ASEAN. ASEAN food handling Bureau, 8 th Floor, Syed Kechik. Foundation building, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 111 p. 10. Trn S Hi Thanh Thn xui v ng GAP ti huynh i hc C s 11-2009, tr. 414-424. 11. u qu ca mt s lo phm cht c ng KT-KT C tr. 12.  Truyu, 2002. ng ca mt s vt li phm ch  nh hi ph bin c Lc. Kt qu  rau qu 2002- 2003, Vi min Nam,  H  226-231. .  Loi bao   c B  (cm) Chi u rng (cm) Chi (cm) B  (cm) Chi u rng (cm) Chi (cm) i chng 7,66. Postharvest physiology and Marketing in ASEAN. ASEAN food handling Bureau, 8 th Floor, Syed Kechik. Foundation building, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 111