Ministry of Education and Training UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY A POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT ESSAY TOPIC RESEARCH ON THE VIETNAMESE’S ACTIONS TO PROTECT THEMSELVES DURING THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID 19 OUTBREAK Instructor Vo Thanh Tam Class NS001 Group Group 4 Ho Chi Minh City November, 2020 Ho Chi Minh city –Year 2020 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 2 1 COVID 19 EPIDEMIC IN VIETNAM 3 1 1 Important milestone 3 1 2 Comment 4 2 THE ACTIONS OF VIETNAMESE PEOPLE 5 2 1 Precautio.
Ministry of Education and Training UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY A POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT ESSAY TOPIC: RESEARCH ON THE VIETNAMESE’S ACTIONS TO PROTECT THEMSELVES DURING THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK Instructor: Vo Thanh Tam Class: NS001 Group: Group 4: Ho Chi Minh City November, 2020 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The COVID-19 pandemic has caused great economic and spiritual damage to the whole country in general and each Vietnamese person in particular However, all the Vietnamese had cooperated to fight back against COVID19 The study provides a glimpse into the Vietnamese’s action to protect themselves, their families and society during the first wave of the epidemic, when the COVID-19 pandemic was spreading globally with morbidity and mortality rate continued to increase Methods of analysis include chart, rate, figure as well as text analyses The result data shows that most of the precaution measures were carried out earnestly, with 99.5% of Vietnamese were masked when going out, about 59% chose to shop online,45% stocked more food at home and many decided to workout at home to stay healthy throughout the lockdown The research came to the conclusion that while the whole nation was affected severely by the disease, the Vietnamese had adapted well and took actions to prevent the spreading of the virus We also genuinely point out the fact that this research has many limitations Some of them include: • The analysis data were not conducted by ourselves but extracted from many sources which had different conducted dates • Some figures not provide enough information or enough details INTRODUCTION Covid-19, also known as the Coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2, is a new respiratory virus that causes acute respiratory inflammation in humans and can be transmitted from people to people Infected people who have symptoms of fever cough, and shortness of breath and even develop higher, leading to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic, septic shock and can be fatal The first confirmed positive case was at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan city, located in central China, from a group of people with unclear pneumonia The virus rapidly transmitted throughout China and many other countries around the world On March 11, 2020, the world health organization (WHO) declared the Covid-19 outbreak a global pandemic Faced with such a dangerous global pandemic, the government and people all around the world had different reactions Vietnam was one of the few countries that had controlled COVID-19 well with only 352 cases and no deaths in the first wave of the disease To achieve such an impressive result, how did Vietnamese people protect themselves? Had there been any changes in people's living habits when the epidemic happened? With the desire to learn more about this issue, our team chose the topic, "Research on the Vietnamese’s actions to protect themselves during the first wave of Covid-19 outbreak (from 23-January-2020 to 25-June-2020)” 1.COVID-19 EPIDEMIC IN VIETNAM 1.1.Important milestone Stage 1: 16 first cases On January 23, 2020 (ie 29 Tet Canh Ty), Vietnam officially entered the war against Covid19 Cho Ray Hospital (HCMC) confirmed the first two Covid19 patients in Vietnam, who were father and son, from Wuhan, China On February 12, 2020, Vinh Phuc province decided to isolate the entire Son Loi commune Stage 2: The cases of imported diseases from abroad On March 6, 2020, the government announced the first case in Hanoi, which was the 17th patient in Vietnam March 10, 2020: appeared a "super infectious" patient in Binh Thuan - the 34th patient in Vietnam The patient returned from the US and landed at Tan Son Nhat airport, then took a private car to Phan Thiet, infecting 11 other people On March 17, 2020, Vietnam temporarily stopped issuing visas for foreigners entering On March 21, Vietnam temporarily stopped entering foreign visitors Stage 3: The risk of spreading in the community Picture 1.Covid 19 pandemic timeline March 20, 2020: The Ministry of Health announces that two nurses from the Tropical Diseases Center, Bach Mai Hospital, infected with Covid-19, are the 86th and 87th patients in Vietnam, respectively March 28, 2020: Bach Mai Hospital was on lockdown March 31, 2020: The Prime Minister promulgates Directive No 16 on the isolation of the entire society nationwide within 15 days to prevent Covid19 from 0:00 on April On April 15, the social isolation was prolonged from Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and some high-risk provinces After stage From April 23, 2020, the whole country basically stopped social isolation but still continued to ensure epidemic prevention rules April 25, 2020: The Prime Minister issued Directive 19 to continue measures to prevent and control COVID-19 epidemics in the new situation 1.2.Comment Covid 19 is divided into stages in our country with each stage being even more dangerous than the previous one, from the first 16 cases of infection in stage to a total of 270 cases in stage 3, the most dangerous stage was stage with more than 187 newly discovered cases in the community The long-term epidemic had caused many economic and mental problems to many people At the same time, people join hands to help our country combat the pandemic in their own way 2.THE ACTIONS OF VIETNAMESE PEOPLE 2.1 Precautionary measures 2.1.1.Personal precautionary measures Personal precautionary measures % Maintain a 1.5 to metres distance between yourself and 88,2 others when communicating Wear a mask when going out 99,5 Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze 94,9 Clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap after coughing 88,4 or sneezing Wash your hands often with soap throughout the day 97,4 Use hand sanitizer frequently throughout the day 81,2 Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth 85,1 Clean and disinfect phone screen when you get home 48,1 Check body temperature at least twice a week 45,1 Table 2.1.Evaluate compliance with the personal precautionary measures during COVID19 (n=2,175) The above data table is extracted from a study from the Institute of Public Health Research under the Faculty of Public Health,from Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy on 2,175 Vietnamese people, conducted from March 31, 2020 to April 2020 through an online survey that includes 10 personal precautionary measures.It shows information about the percentage of measures that were practiced by Vietnamese people during the COVID19 pandemic Figure 2.1.1.Survey result about wearing face mask in 15 countries In the result table, wearing a mask while going outranks first among ten measures with a compliance rate of 99.5%, which was quite high compared to some other countries in the world, such as China (the country which was first identified the virus) with 83% and US with 50%[Figure 2.1] This difference may be the consequence of the government's mandatory masking regulation that was enforced from April 1, 2020 The second cause is the fact that in many Asian countries, including Vietnam, most people have a habit of wearing a mask as a means of preventing dust Other statements that also received a high proportion of positive responses were washing hands frequently with soap throughout the day and covering mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing with 97.4% and 94.9%, respectively; widely disseminated and easily accessible to people maybe the factor led to this result.The least practice measure was to check body temperature at least twice a week, possibly because people usually only check their body temperature when they feel sick In short, we can assume that the majority of Vietnamese people have a good sense of executing personal precautionary measures for themselves, applying many government measures such as wearing masks when going out, keep a distance of 1.5-2m when communicating, cover mouth and nose when coughing,… 2.1.1.1 What kind of mask did Vietnamese people use when going out during the pandemic? Figure 2.1.1 Types of face masks that was worn due to coronavirus COVID-19 among Vietnamese 2020 There were two types of face masks available on the market: normal medical masks and fabric masks According to the survey above, it can be seen that disposable medical masks were the first choice of most Vietnamese people, with 88% of people choosing This popularity can come from its usability for every target, from citizens to the healthcare professionals Although it should only be used for people in areas with low disease levels, cloth masks were still used by 47% of the surveyors, possibly due to the lack of medical masks on the market or the fact that it can be reused many times 2.1.2 Community precautionary measures Community precautionary measures Avoid meeting or gathering with more than 10 people in Avoid going to a restaurant, bar or club n 1791 % 82,3 2147 98,7 Avoid attending funerals 2117 97,3 Avoid participating in religious activities 2160 99,3 Avoid going to the gym 2157 99,2 Avoid going to a barbershop, nail salon, massage 2121 92,5 parlor or spa Avoid taking buses or public transport with more 2079 95,6 than people Avoid using the same chopsticks / spoon when 1137 52,3 eating with family Avoid sharing chopsticks / scoops when eating 1986 91,3 with strangers Avoid shopping 950 43,7 Didn't visit another province / country 2162 99,4 Table 2.2 Evaluate compliance with the community precautionary measures during COVID19 (n=2,175) During the outbreak, most of the participants did not go to another province / country, avoided religious activities, avoided going to the gym and went to restaurants, bars or clubs, with compliance rates of 99.4%, 99.3%, 99.2% and 98.7%, respectively This could be the aftermath of Directive 16 / CT-TTg issued by the Prime Minister, issued on March 31st and partly due to public concerns over the pandemic situation On the other hand, nearly half of the participants went to the market in the past seven days with the lowest compliance rate of 43.7% It could be explained that families always prioritize using fresh food, especially women who tend to buy raw material for cooking However, this problem was not of concern as shopping is believed to be a good reason to leave home Overall, we can see that the majority of Vietnamese people have a good sense of obeying disease prevention measures not only for themselves but also for the community and society.This action contributed immensely to our country, helped to prevent the virus from spreading in the community and avoided the positive cases from increasing 2.2 New ideas for adapting to the epidemic and new shopping options - online shopping The coronavirus was complicated, not only affecting social security issues, people’s health but also affecting enterprises from large to small in accessing customers as well as delivery for partners However, in parallel with the difficulties caused by Covid,there were effective as well as unique 10 of 3.5 m, the wheels attached to the basket are made of bearings and are lubricated with cooking oil A restaurant in Hanoi also pioneered the service of reducing exposure during the Covid-19 epidemic with a remote control plane Mr Son (the owner of the shop), at first he only used a flycam device to deliver small snacks such as bread, then he found that it was effective, so he continued using it to deliver vegetables to customers Picture 3.Using flycam to sale food 2.2.2 Shopping online According to a survey by Rakuten Insight on online shopping during COVID-19, 58.49 percent of respondents stated that they purchased more online In the same survey, the majority of respondents claimed that they made online purchases several times a month Figure 2.2.a.Change in online purchase behavior during coronavirus in Vietnam With the above results, we can see that the majority of people chose to shop online during the epidemic (58,49% of respondents said that they purchased more online) This form of shopping brings many benefits while ensuring safety for your health and ensuring the quality of life It can be said that this is an effective method for people in this complicated situation 12 People who were living in the cooperation zone of online food delivery brands just need to sit at home to select food and perform operations on smartphones, confirm personal information, and pick up a location.The food will be received in the shortest time without having to go to the restaurants like before This helped people ensure social distancing The shippers were also taking measures to guarantee a safe distance when delivering orders for customers such as keeping a distance of 2m apart with other shippers when waiting at the shop, washing hands before entering the shop, strictly observing wearing a mask, To deal with COVID-19, GrabFood officially introduced the indirect delivery plan After placing an order through the app, the customer will add a specific location (convenient for the receiver and the delivery) to the order When the drivers deliver to the scheduled place, they will wait at a distance of - 3m If the consignee does not have a specific, convenient pickup location, the shipper will place an order on the GrabFood bag and back to - 3m to ensure safety according to customer requirements Besides, society also had a very unique online shopping form, which is “help with shopping” Not only GrabFood offered a new delivery plan, but the Be ride-hailing app also launched the "help with shopping" service for customers On the app, customers will manually enter the item to buy, driver Be will calculate the total amount the customer must pay This was quite a useful feature in the complicated situation of COVID-19 epidemic However, with the option of "help with shopping " is a relatively new option, many people are not familiar with this form of buying Figure 2.2.b Main products that were purchased more often online COVID-19 Another issue that we want to address is which products consumers chose to buy online compared to pre-epidemic times According to research by Rakuten Insight, Vietnamese people tended to buy clothes and fashion accessories the most during the Covid period, with 47.48% of products purchased more than before the epidemic Perhaps it was because in everyday life they need to constantly work so there was not much time for themselves So, quarantine was an opportunity for them to buy more of the goods they like for themselves with the tools of online seller sites and home distributors In addition, second place in the survey was food and groceries (including non-alcoholic beverages), with 42.23% of the 13 respondents ‘choice Although food can be purchased from markets, supermarkets, and shops close to home in accordance with the safety regulations of the Government and the Ministry of Health, people chose to order food online which is more convenient and safer Also the food they ordered can be eaten immediately and maybe used as an ingredient for another dish It is not surprising that the third place, with 40.18% of the total choice, was toilet products (including toilet paper, hand sanitizer and face masks) The cause of the surge in demand for hygiene products is that these are essential items to prevent the spread of coronavirus, and many people felt anxious when the epidemic broke out, so they thought they had to store more of these items.Another cause is that many of these items had been purchased for the purpose of resaling at a higher price However this was only a small portion and had been disposed of according to government regulations Some products that can be used for pastime such as music and television entertainment; toys, games and puzzles had a slight rise, with 12% and 17.28% respectively Alcoholic beverages only went up to 7.53% due to social distancing measures so there weren’t many gathering events for drinking Overall, Coronavirus not only created difficulties for most parts of society but also creates a number of development opportunities for many jobs, including the online services business People in the 4.0 era are always creative looking for simple and convenient ways to carry out daily activities and business People always manage even in the most difficult situation to find a new way in this "new normal" period 2.3.Storing food and necessaries at home 2.3.1.The changes in consumer’s behavior in COVID-19 To limit the spread during the COVID-19 epidemic, people often plan to buy and store food for a long time to avoid going out and face-to-face contact in crowded places Figure 2.3.a.Impact on shopping among Vietnamese urban citizens in COVID19 14 COVID-19 impacts not only general behaviors but shopping and out-ofhome consumption According to a research conducted by Nielsen, 45% of respondents have said that they were stocking up with more food at home than before Brick and mortar channels have been impacted, as more than 50% of people have reduced their frequency of visits to supermarkets, grocery stores and wet markets Besides this, 25% of respondents said that they have increased their online shopping and reduced their out-of-home consumption occasions We can assume that, due to the risk of coronavirus infection, instead of going out daily to buy fresh and delicious food, many people accepted to go to the market to buy stocked food for many days Figure 2.3.b.The most purchased food that Vietnamese people regularly bought during COVID19 Another survey shows us that together with changes in shopping and consumption, the relationship between some categories and consumers has been affected Buying dry food items (rice, flour, noodle,…) became a trend toward many people, with 62,58% purchased It could be explained that during the "14-day" quarantine period, these food were most-bought because they can last long and were used as main ingredients in many dishes, especially rice which is a must in Vietnamese meal For rice, people often chose some sticky rice, brown rice, broken rice; Next was canned and tinned foods (canned vegetables, canned fish, corned beef, with 48,01% of respondent’s choices, due to its feature which is long expiration day and easy to cook was suitable for people to stock up for a long time Furthermore, sweets and snack items (42.68%), fresh produce (34.32%),Milk and dairy (32.48%) was also chosen to stock up In addition, vitamins and nutritional supplements (34.32%) witnessed an increase in consumption due to people taking extra care to protect themselves from coronavirus Mrs Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh, 55 years old, from District 8, Ho Chi Minh City said that when she heard that the neighboring neighborhood was isolated, she immediately went to buy fresh vegetables such as radish, kohlrabi, 15 potatoes, and corn… first, then bought cooking oil, salt, fish sauce, pork, beef, chicken, and put them in the freezer She also prepared some canned meat - canned fish, eggs The most important item was 20 liter tank of clean water to prevent water outages Buying green fruit to ripen slowly Coffee and milk are bought-in to make yogurt and flan cakes Check the family medicine cabinet, beside Panadol and Diarrhea medicine buy more Vitamin C The total cost of this is million VND for the family of If the neighborhood is blocked for a long time, the said items will be enough for a family to eat while not going out Mrs Nguyen Pham Khanh Van, 38 years old, the mother of sons, lives in Phu Nhuan district, HCM city, said: “In response to the epidemic, the first thing is to check the medicine cabinet in the house Everyone can make necessary lists depending on the health of their family members but cannot lack medicines to reduce fever, diarrhea, stomach pain, vitamin C (keep it close to drinking water to remember to drink regularly), bandages and alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, bandages, and insect repellent put it in the first aid bag.” Not only food, but people also replenished their necessaries such as shampoo, shower gel, toothpaste, soap, cleaning solutions, hand sanitizer, diaper The stock-up activities during the epidemic were usually not for resale, but only to ensure the living of the family in case of a lockdown 2.3.2.Why did people that? Experts say the answer lies in the fear of the unknown and the belief that there is a need for a dramatic reaction to the dramatic event - although in this case the best response should be those things like washing your hands often "It is also sensible to be prepared to respond to a bad situation in a way as if it were more likely to happen," said David Savage, vice professor of behavioral science and microeconomics at the University of Newcastle, Australia, said However: "It would be unreasonable to buy 500 boxes of stewed beans in case of an isolated period of about two weeks." Doing this will make the scarcity worse For example, Hurricane Harvey, which hit the oil-rich Houston, Texas, in 2017 The precautionary measures 16 were taken by refineries, coupled with subsequent flooding, temporarily stagnated the US supply of petroleum There are examples of prices skyrocketing when news of COVID 19 infections was released, such as a 50-piece mask pack sold for more than million VND on social networking sites like Zalo or Facebook These high prices force companies to take steps to prevent the resellers from spreading rumors to make a profit Facebook, for example, had to announce the removal of more than a million products for basic needs due to false advertising and fraudulent pricing The popular pharmaceutical company in Vietnam, Pharmacity announced that it would limit the sale of hand sanitizer to a limit of only two bottles per customer The supply of masks has also become tense The government recommends that people limit the purchase of medical masks and replace them with cloth masks because they are not as ineffective in preventing COVID 19, but also there is not enough for health care workers, who need to use them at work The fact that the Chinese was at the heart of the disease outbreak further amplified the buying panic, according to Ben Oppenheim, a senior leader at Metabiota, a research firm on infectious diseases, based in San Francisco, says The slow purchasing due to the impact of the COVID 19 epidemic caused many large retailers to drastically reduce revenue, at times up to 50% The report of the Ministry of Industry and Trade assessing the impact and damage to retailers sent to the Government said that some distribution businesses were affected by COVID 19, which directly affected the business situation of the system, compared to with January, February 2019, sales have increased but the growth rate is slower While essential goods such as food and foodstuff increased due to the hoarding psychological accumulation before complicated developments of disease, other commodity groups decreased Thus, business activities in the first quarter declined over the same period For example, Lotte Mart chain of February revenue decreased by about 50% compared to January 2020 and by more than 20% compared to the same period in 2019; Aeon Vietnam also saw a decrease of 2% in revenue in January 2020; February decreased 6% compared to the proposed plan 17 Saigon Co.op - The operator of the Co-opmart chain, ground rental revenue decreased by 50%, Retail sales in the first months decreased by about 50% compared to the same period last year and may decline by VND1,000 billion if the disease is controlled in the second quarter, and down VND2,000 billion if the disease continues Saigon Trading Corporation (Satra) had retail sales in the first months of 2020, down about 50% over the same period For LPG gas businesses, output also dropped from 40% to 50% due to a sudden drop in demand from industrial production, restaurants and hotels closed massively The number of employees in the LPG distribution industry is greatly affected by the decrease in business output It is estimated that about 30,000 employees directly participate in LPG retail, 2,500 employees work directly at filling stations, supply stations and workers directly in service activities such as transportation, maintenance Petroleum consumption also fell sharply, and inventories of businesses were high According to estimates of the Vietnam Petroleum Association, gasoline consumption decreased by about 30% compared to before This amount of petroleum inventories, in addition to incurring storage costs, also causes great damage to petroleum businesses when the world oil price has continuously decreased recently The Ministry of Industry and Trade said that prolonged epidemic diseases will directly affect distribution businesses when sales revenue decreases while business costs are difficult to reduce because it is still necessary to retain apparatus and commodity reserves to stabilize the market Accordingly, it is forecast that some distribution enterprises may have to stop operating or reduce their scale Workers will have to reduce working hours, or have no job, affecting social security The Vietnamese people's fear of COVID 19 is causing the retail industry to decline revenue unprecedentedly However, experts say that this is an opportunity for the retail industry to innovate According to the analysis department of MB Securities Company (MBS), the retail industry will be strongly affected by the epidemic; in particular, people will limit shopping directly and switch to online shopping Research by Nielsen Research Vietnam shows that people's consumption behavior is greatly affected by the COVID 19 epidemic when people increase preventive storage of essential products; Avoid crowds and often buy online 18 “Vietnamese now are spending more time online and are also shopping more online This provides an opportunity for marketers to be aggressive with their digital strategies and should have a stronger and visible presence online,” said by Mohit Agrawal , Head of Consumer Insights, Nielsen Vietnam This is clearly reflected through the statistics of supermarkets and large electronics For example, the Mediamart supermarket system announced that the sales of electrical appliances decreased by 30-40%, only the dryers, dehumidifiers, and air purifiers were consumed more than before The trade complex - Aeon Vietnam supermarket also said that the number of customers went shopping decreased by 20-35% Sales of goods slowed down, but the fast food segment - instant food, dry products, face masks, and hand sanitizer were sold faster with a larger quantity per purchase than before Regarding shopping trends, the MBS analysis team also pointed out that there is a change when the items are expected to be most affected in the short term, consumption trends will shift more through frozen products and storing essentials there by limiting the need to go to the supermarket many times This leads to negative effects on listed companies like MWG and PNJ Among retail types, supermarket and market channels were expected to be the most affected However, in comparison between these two forms, consumers said that they would limit going to the supermarket more than the market because the supermarket is a closed environment with airconditioning, so it is easy to spread the virus MBS believed that the epidemic situation not only had a short-term impact on shopping habits at supermarkets but also had a long-term impact as this event would promote the transition of shopping from offline to online faster Although retailers were confident that they would complete the full-year plan, MBS, on a prudent point of view, believed that the profit growth rate would be 2-3 percentage points lower than the target growth rate of the business plan “There is an obvious impact of COVID-19 to consumer life, however we can expect a quick recovery given the high level of consumer confidence in Vietnam Consumption can bounce back relatively quickly after the outbreak, so retailers and manufacturers need to prepare enough supply for this time” said Nguyen Anh Dung, Head of Retail Measurement Service, Nielsen Vietnam 19 2.3.3 Alternative solutions A better plan than panicking shopping is to be well-prepared for emergencies or crises Pay attention to the needs of others as well in case such events happen: keep enough for yourself and your family, but avoid buying too much to pile up in your home Because if each individual panicked to buy stock, it would push prices up, or cause a shortage of goods for those who need to use those items more than the rest of the population It is also worth noting that reliable sources of information are always crucial in combating rumors and false information 2.4 Exercising at home during COVID-19 2.4.1 High demand for sports equipment According to many researches, if a person not exercise regularly or stop exercising, his body will be deconditioned, decrease aerobic capacity and have poor resistance Therefore, everyone should not neglect the practice of physical exercise, especially in the current epidemic time, each person should find a method to train themselves and maintain physical activity Online products % Vitamin C supplements 42 Comdom 56 Nintendo Switch gaming console 59 kitchen equipment 50-80 Home gym equipment 116 Toys 30-200 Keyboard 264 Webcam 624 Table 2.4.Most search products on the Internet according to Iprice,3/2020 Iprice , a website aggregator of online products for customers to compare prices , conducted a research about the most searches during the quarantine period of Covid19, using its website data Besides the significant upward trend of many electronic products, as most employees had to work from home and use video calls to connect , there was a remarkably increase in the online searches for home gym equipment , by 116% in March compared to February The most sought products in this section were dumbbells, treadmills and stationery bikes 20 Figure 2.2.b Main products that were purchased more often online COVID-19 Using again the figure from 2.2.b about the products that were purchased more online during Covid-19, we can see that the Sports equipment and apparel also went up about 17% compared to before the epidemic The results above suggest that as many fitness centers and clubs such as gym, aerobic, yoga closed due to the complicated development of the epidemic, many people had chosen exercise at home as a way to replace outdoor exercise, not only for professional athletes but also for the individual who wanted to maintain their usual training routine This simple and fun activity at home keeps the body healthy active, and also has a protective effect on the immune system 2.4.2.Changing habits of exercising during the pandemic 2.4.2.1 The people who already have experience At the pre-epidemic time, every day from 5-7 hours, more than 20 members of the Aerobic Club of the Park Ward 1, Sa Dec City gathered to participate in activities However, since the Covid-19 epidemic situation was complex, the Prime Minister issued a directive requesting social distancing; the club has strictly observed and adjusted the form of practice 21 The club encourages its members to practice at home to ensure safety Ms Nguyen Thi Hieu Van - Club manager said, “Before, every morning, the members of the club practiced Tai chi together every morning But for the past weeks, social distancing, self-quarantining made it harder to exercise together, most of the members have to to practice at home so everyone felt uncomfortable However, the Board of Directors always reminds members to strictly comply with the Prime Minister's Directive not to gather many people; everyone must wear masks to protect themselves and those around them " Ms Pham Thi Thuy Phuong (Born in 1959), lives in, ward 1, Sa Dec city, a member of the club said, “Due to the risk of infection in crowded places, the club is restricted to a small gathering , so I often practice at home In addition, I also choose to walk in the morning and evening to improve my health " As recommended by the Ministry of health, one of the preventive measures against Covid-19 epidemic diseases is to maintain physical training and exercise regularly to increase the body's resistance However, due to the risk of infection, many people choose to practice at home, while ensuring their safety Mr Bui Van Phuoc (Born in 1967, lives in Phu Thuan B commune, Hong Ngu district) used to regularly went to the GYM room in the afternoons to practice physical exercise such as weight lifting, jogging , but after the announcement of social distancing regulation, he some fitness tools and continue his daily practice According to Mr Phuoc, , he had been practicing in the GYM room every afternoon for nearly ten years Because the gym was temporarily closed to prevent the Covid-19 epidemic, the local government has also recommended limiting going out, so he had switched to practicing at home to be safer Mr Bui Van Phuoc shared “Nowadays, I practice about hour in the morning before going to work instead of the afternoon as usual Staying active helps ease depression, stress, and anxiety, my body also feels a lot healthier , and at the same time, I felt safe when not in close contact with many people " 2.4.2.2.The new people In addition, many locals, especially youngsters, started working out at home for the first time There are many reasons for this: the lack of activity made many worried that they would likely gain weight, they wanted to kill time after staying at home for prolonged periods of time or inspired by friends on Facebook Thanh Thu, who lives in Ho Chi Minh City, said that she spends at least one hour every day trying to follow abs exercises from Chloe Ting, an Australian YouTuber and fitness personality Having started workout online for the first time without any experience, Thu confessed that it was very hard for her to mimic the right body form for each exercise.“Then I 22 register to certain fitness Facebook groups I have learned a lot by chatting with members who encounter the same problems as I do,” she said Similarly, other people also attended to online sessions and classes There are multiple websites that offer free trial sessions when you become a member; the new members can sign up for the whole class at a affordable cost 2.4.2.3 Summary To put it briefly, the people who had participated in a sports centers or clubs before the outbreak would continue to remain active Some gave up their old habit and changed to easier exercises such as push-ups, walking …, some strictly kept their weekly routine by buying fitness tools and workout at home, others changed their practice time to suit their working hours On the other hand, local residents who worked out at home for the first time went to online classes to make a new pastime hobby or to keep their bodies in shape 2.4.3 The effect of exercising at home Since the first day COVID-19 appeared in Southeast Asia, people have started to more exercises in hope of improving their immune system Exercising helps the immune system to work better, attack faster than invading viruses Immunity is the body's defense and detection system against foreign pathogens such as viruses, bacteria It is possible to distinguish two systems: natural immunity (non-specific immunity) and acquired immunity (specific immunity) Immunoglobulin (in specific immunity) has been shown to inhibit the replication of some viruses Immune globulins such as IgA, IgG, and IgD will increase in moderate and heavy exercise people According to research on the relationship between exercise and IgA showed that regular exercise, with moderate intensity such as walking 45 minutes / day, for 5-7 days / week, the concentration of IgA and another immunoglobulin also significantly increased Even for the elderly, less exercise can also increase immune globulins Increasing IgA globulin from endurance training is crucial for stopping the virus during the epidemic season This will limit the virus from entering through the respiratory tract, helping to maintain a healthy immune system and effectively prevent the virus Therefore, regular exercise and sports will contribute to protecting health, helping psychological comfort, increasing resistance to pathogens In addition, regular exercise also helps people sleep better, reducing the stress of the mind after working for a long period of inactivity You must always keep yourself a clear and active spirit, active every day to help you be healthy both physically, mentally and mentally, especially while the epidemic is still in complex situation Therefore, during this challenging 23 time, even though each citizen has to self-quarantine, they still need to pay attention to exercising healthily regularly, right in their own house CONCLUSION It is essential to study people's behavior in a pandemic It helps the government to have a better understanding of the psychology and decisions of its people during this global Coronavirus outbreak in 2020 During the prolonged epidemic, compliance with government guidelines was excellent and played a vital role in rapid disease control in Vietnam and limited the impact on community health Vietnamese people also showed their bravery when they came up with many good ideas to both not to interrupt the business and to protect the public health such as using fishing rods, flycam to deliver food; “help with shopping” service and the development of online delivery services Some habits had been changed such as not going shopping regularly and storing a lot of necessaries and food at home to avoid close contact with many people In addition, some individuals took advantage of long-term isolation to improve their health by exercising at home through online courses The rapid adaptation of the Vietnamese people to the epidemic had contributed to limiting the number of infections in the community 24 PREFERENCE Dương Quỳnh Chi, Vô vàn hình thức giao hàng độc lạ mùa dịch, bạn thử chưa?,< https://www.thegioididong.com/tin-tuc/vo-van-hinh-thuc-giao-hangdoc-la-mua-dich-ban-da-thu-chua 1244964> Hà Bắc,4/2020, Dùng flycam bán bánh mì, 1001 kiểu sáng tạo bán hàng thời Covid-19, Lê Thanh, 4/2020 , Thay đổi thói quen tập luyện thể dục thể thao mùa dịch Covid-19, < http://www.baodongthap.vn/the-thao/thay-doi-thoi-quen-tap-luyen-theduc-the-thao-trong-mua-dich-covid-19-90606.aspx? fbclid=IwAR3OtpkoqPmj_37ju9BYDBgI4Qo6kHlSB6hWG2mArFXKQKSjrIt85DTX_d4> Nielsen Research, ASIAN CONSUMERS ARE RETHINKING HOW THEY EAT POST COVID-19, < https://www.nielsen.com/vn/en/insights/article/2020/asianconsumers-are-rethinking-how-they-eat-post-covid-19/? fbclid=IwAR357R1x2gKRZEJ5eNlbcfPPw2UFV9nVTfNndcO9klhPrnjGRnl6rfFm8a4> Nielsen Research, HOW HAS COVID-19 IMPACTED VIETNAMESE CONSUMERS?, < 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