Tài liệu Imperial IPA: History, Brewing Techniques, Style Evolution. docx

1 ImperialIPA: History,BrewingTechniques,StyleEvolution. http://destroy.net/brewing/IIPA.pdf NathanSmith<nate@destroy.net> TheBrewingNetworkSundaySession www.thebrewingnetwork.com July6 th ,2008 1 2 ImperialIPA‐ Outline • Introduction • History • CommercialExamples • ExampleRecipes • Keybrewingpoints • StyleEvolution • References 2 http://destroy.net/brewing/IIPA.pdf 3 ImperialIPA Introduction •IntenselyhoppyverystrongAmericanPaleAle. • RelatedtoAmericanBarleywine;withoutbig/deepmaltflavorandsweetness. •Hopsatalllevels,yetclean,drinkable;notaheavysippingbeer. •Ashowcaseforhops,especiallynewhighalphaAmericanvarieties. •“TheSUVofbeers” KevinPratt,BJCPGrandMasterI. •BJCPcategory14Chighlights: •Aroma:Intensehoparoma(cirtus,resin,floral,low/nograssy),lowcleanmaltsweetness,low/noesters, low/noalcohol.Nodiacetyl. • Appearance:Goldenambertomediumreddishcopper.Cleartohazy.Goodoff‐whitefoamstand. •Flavor:Strong,complexhopflavor.Hightoabsurdlyhighhopbitternessbalancedwithmaltbackbone. Lowto mediumcleanmaltflavor;lowcaramel/toastOK.Nodiacetyl.Low/nofruityesters.Long lingeringbitternessinaftertaste.Mediumdrytodryfinish.Cleansmoothalcoholflavor.Oakis inappropriate.SlightsulfurOK,notcommon. • Mouthfeel:Mediumlighttomediumbody.Nohopastringency.Moderatetohighcarbonation.Medium to lowalcoholwarming. •OG:1.070‐1.090,FG:1.010‐1.020,IBU:60‐120,SRM:8‐15,ABV:7.5‐10% • AStylethatisstillevolvingandchanging! 3 http://destroy.net/brewing/IIPA.pdf 4 EnglishIPAhistory1800s •FirstbeerbrewedspecificallyforexporttoIndiabrewedbyGeorgeHodgsonin London,1790(4). • Hodgsonmonopolized theIndiaAleexportbusinessuntilapproximately1820(4). • Accordingtolegend,awreckedcargoin1827offtheportofLiverpoolofBass’ EastIndiaPaleAlewasrescuedand found greatfavorwiththelocalsthusmaking itavailabletotheEnglishnon‐military. • IndiaAleHoppingratesprobablyaddedup to45to60IBU's (3). • Hodgson’sIndiaAlehoppedatarateof10.5oz.PerUS5gallons,approximately70 ouncesperUSbarrel.(4). • Multiplehopadditions andlimitedcontacttimewerecommon duringwort production:hopsonlykeptinwort for30minutesbeforebeingremoved,4 separatechargestotalanda2hourboil. • IndiaAleinthe1800swasprobablya7 ‐8%beeratthetimeofexporttoIndia. •Considerableevidenceexistsintheformofsalesreceiptsandstorage manifests thattheproductwaswatered downuponarrivalbeforeconsumption. 4 5 Amercan IPAtoImperialIPA 1994‐1999 • FirstmoderncommercialexamplefromVinnieCilurzo.InauguralbrewatBlindPigin Temecula,CAJune1994.AgedinOakfor9monthsandfirstservedatthebrewery’sfirst anniversary.Becameanannualanniversarybrewthereafter(10). •”OurbrewwasalowerABVdoubleIPA,onlylike6.60%,wedoubled thehopsandraisedthemaltbyalittle. Itwasso bitteritwaslikelickingtherustoffatincan. WithsuchalowABVthehopsreallycamethrough.” – VinnieCilurzo • RougeI2PAdebutedattheOregonBrewer’sFestivalin1996. • StoneSecondAnniversaryAle,1998. • Eugene,OR1998SpringBeerFestivalStyle:ImperialIPA(10). 5 Blind Ping 2 nd Anniversary 1995 Rogue I2PA 1996 Stone 2 nd Anniversary 1998 6 ImperialIPA GABFCommercialExamples • 2001GABF:SteelheadHopasaurus Rex‐ Gold,otherStrongAlescategory • FirstappearedasseparateGABFcategory,40in2003. • PizzaPortFrank(gold2003‐ silver2004) • RussianRiverPlinytheElder(GABFgold2005‐2006,Bronze2007) • Moylan’sHopsickle (gold2007) 6 Russian River Pliny the Elder, 2008Pizza Port Frank, 2003 Moylan’s Hopsickle 7 ImperialIPA BJCPexamples • Firstappearedinthe2004guidelines,Category14C. • CommercialExamplesfromthe2008guidelines: •ThreeFloyd’sDreadnaught,AveryMaharaja,Bell’sHopSlam,StoneRuination,GreatDivide HerculesDoubleIPA,SurlyFurious,RogueI2PA,DogfishHead90Minute,VictoryHop Wallop. 7 Three Floyds Dreadnaught Dogfish Head 90 Minute (Original bottle) Avery Maharaja Rogue I2PA (current bottle) 8 ImperialIPA ExampleRecipes • Homebrewtake‐offsonPlinytheElder • Nathan’srecipe:onthelowerOG/FGendofthestylewithaSummitkick. – http://destroy.net/brewing/461/461_double_IPA_2008.html • McDole’s recipe:onthehigherOG/FGendofthestylewithaNorthern Brewerkick. – http://www.maltosefalcons.com/recipes/20060504.php • Considerusingtheseasastartingpoint,thenexperimentandmakeit yourown. • Adapttoyourownequipment,rawmaterials,techniques,preferences. • Lotsofroomforcreativity. 8 http://destroy.net/brewing/IIPA.pdf 9 ImperialIPA BrewingTips–Water • ExcessMagnesiumcancausenonhop‐derivedastringentbitterness. • Sulfateinmoderateamountscanlendacrisp,dryfinish.Inhighamounts, itcanhaveaharsh,saltyflavorandnegativelyimpacthoputilization. • Highcarbonatewatercangiveanimpressionofharshhopbitterness;not tomentionnegativecolor impact,poorprotein/tanninseparation during hot/coldbreak.Becarefulwithconcentrationsexceeding50ppm. • Low/moderateChloride(fromCaCl,MgCl)canroundness,fullnesson palate.Over400ppmCl canhaveapastyflavor,over500ppmitcan negativelyinfluenceyeastactivity. • Ifyou’readjustingforCaalready,considerCaSO4,CaCl ora blendofthe two. 9 http://destroy.net/brewing/IIPA.pdf 10 ImperialIPA BrewingTips–Maltandmashing • 70‐80%Basemalt:Domestic2‐rowpalemajority,smallamountsofMaris Otter,Vienna,Munich,Pils OK.1%WheatOK. • 5‐10%dextrinmalts:DomesticCrystal10‐40,Briess Carapils,Experiment with1‐2%Higherkilnedcrystal(60‐80L)ormaybeevenatouchofa roastedmalt.Otherpossibilities:Victory, amber,speical roast. • Only2‐rowmalt,nospecialtymalts:RogueI2PA,Dogfish90minute. • “Toomuchcrystalmaltmuddiesupthehopflavors,uselower%of crystal maltsforacrisp,cleanhopflavor.Crystalmaltclasheswithbitterhop flavors.1%crystalmaltontheElder,0%crystalmalton theYounger” (VinnieCilurzo,TBN8/14/20052:01:37). • 5‐15%Simplesugar(corn,turbinado)todryoutthebeer,consideramash temperaturethatpromotesbeta‐amylaseenzymeactivity(148‐152F). • MonitorpHcarefullytoavoidpolyphenol extractionduringmash& sparge. 10 http://destroy.net/brewing/IIPA.pdf