- Ncim tin lieu nghe la nhung hc;>i ilunii hang ngay, chiing eo the ehira nhieu tir ngO
7.4.3.5. Phat trien kl nang thuyet trinh
Thuyet irinh la mgl thanh phan quan trgng trong chuong trinh day noi ti^ng
Anh a bac dai hgc va sau dai hgc. Nguoi hgc khong nhung thu nhan ki^n thirc tii
nguai day, tir sach vo va cac ngu6n hgc heu khac ma hg con phai tao ra nhirng kien thirc thong qua nghien ciru. Nhtrng kien thirc dugc nghien ciru. trong nhi^u truang hgp, phai dugc truyen den cir tga (duoi hinh thirc hoac khau ngCr hoac but ngir). Mgl kenh quan trgng ciia viec truydn ki^n thiic chinh la thuyet trinh (kh^u ngii). De co the thuyet trinh thanh cong bang tidng Anh nguoi hgc truoc h^t phai dugc ren luyen dc co do tu tin. Mot bai thuy6t trinh thanh cone thuona bao com nhirng dac diem sau: cau triic trinh bay mach lac. true quan sinh dgng va phong phii, gigng noi hap dan. co tin hieu bao truoc. va ngon ngir sir dung mach lac.
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Bai thuyet trinh phai dugc co ciiu sao cho khi nhin \iio dc: cucrng (ducrc trinh chieu tren miinb hinh Powerpoint). cii tga co the theo dc^)i ducrc toiin bg ngi dung chinh ngueri thuyet trinh nuiciii trinh biiv. Ciionu nhu moi ihe loai nuon biin khiic, mcit ngon ban thuyet trinh bao germ ba phan: phan mcr diiu gioi thicju nhCrng ncii dung se trinh biiy, phiin ngi dung trinh bii\ nhung ngi dung da dugc gioi thic^u. \ a phan ket luan tcini tat lai nhirng gi da trinh bay, riit ra nhung ket luan xa de xuat nhung khuyen nghi hay nhung gcri y dc nghic:n ciru hoiic tim hieu liep. Trong ccing trinh nuhic:n ciru ciia niinli. cac nha nuhicn ciru the loai nucin ban nhir Sinclair & Couldthard (1975) va Swales (2000) da chi ra phiin mcr diiu va phan ket ihiic cua nhirng ngon biin khoa here thircrng bao geini rat it bircrc; phiin mcr dau ihucrng bao gom ciic bircVc nlur lhic:t lap lic^Hi chuan. xiic dinh nuic dich \ a chii de. chi ra thcri gian, vii lap dc cucrng cho nhung gi se ducrc trinh bii\ trong phan ncii dung; \ ii phan kdt luan thircrng bao gcim cac bucVc nhu tcini tat, kliin en nghi \ ii dc xuat hanh deing. Phiin ncii dung ceS Ic la phirc tap nhal. nhung ncu phiin mo dim ducrc co cau icil llii no sc giiip ngucri nghe niim ducu^ nhiing gi ngucri ncri sap trinh biiy. Ngoai
ra, ket luan ngan ggn va khiic chiet cung la mot yeu cau doi voi mgi naon ban thuyet trinh. Sir di chuyen 6 phan giira cua ngon ban ihuyet trinh ihuong phu thuoc vao kieu thuyet trinh \ a muc dich thu\et irinh. Dieu duong nhu la trat tu logic va tu nhien dugc sir dung de cau triic ihong lin viet la hgp li. Cac mau ihirc hiing bien nhu van de - giai phap - danh gia, tir khai quat den cu the, tir quan trgng nh^t d^n it quan trgng nhat xuat hien trong nhirng ngon ban thuyet trinh bang khau ngu.
True quan co vai tro cue ki quan trcmg trong thu\ c:t trinh. Mc^t ngon ban thu\it trinh veVi nhung hinh anh true quan phii hgp sc "co gia Iri bang hang ngan tir"
(Dudley Evan & St .lohn 2000: 113). True quan bao gom mot so tir ngij dugc trinh
chieu Ircn man hinh iioac la nhung handouts dc nguoi nghe ticlm theo doi. Tryc
quan cung co the Iii meit scr dung cu de minh hera cho nbirng gi ngucri noi mucin
Irmh niiy. Ngeiii ngir ncu ihucmg cc) quan he \eri nhung giiu) cu true quan. Nhihig
ngucri thuyet irinh ihanh ceing thuirng the hic}n nhurng tin h\ev\ chi cho cir tera hict
ning true quan se xuat hicn: hg ihuirng gicri thiclm true quan the: hicn cai gi, giai
lliicli lai sao chimg lai ducrc sir dung, \ a new bat nhurng gi quan trgng nhat.
(iigiig noi cua ngucri iluncl Irinh ciing riil quan trgng. Gicrng noi bao gom pha! am chuan. dunu tronu iim. nhip clicu \ a nuu dieu. Doi vcri nhirng ngueri here tieng Anh khcinu chu\cn ihi nhfmg \ c u lei niiy thucrng can trcr \ iec thuyet trinh cua hg. C1unh \ i \ a> gigng ncii ciia nguiri thu> et trinh ciin phai dugc luyen tap va tap duc^t than trgng. Ngoiii ra ciich ngat dcKin. nhCrng chci ngirng. tcic do neSi. am luemg, su da dang \ c am lucrng nhu chcr nao can nhiin, cho niio kheing trong khi trinh bay, tat
ca dOu phai dugc quan tam thoa dimg trong khi day ngueii hgc ciich thuyet trinh.
Bao h\en iruoc ciing hi mgl diic diem quan trgng giiip vice thuyet trinh thanh
ccing. Riio hieu truoc giiip nguii^i nghe theo biet dugc cho nao nguiri thuyet trinh
ket thuc, cho nao hp chuan bi trinh bay. No cung giiip nguoi nghe theo doi dugc ca cau true cua thong tin, lap luan eiia no, va nhan ra dugc y nghTa ciia true quan.
Thuyet trinh se dugc nguai nghe ti6p thu nhanh nhk va co hieu qua nhdt khi
nhieu kenh truyen thong tin dugc sir dung li§n mot luc. Thi du. nguoi nghe se hidu hon khi nguoi noi vira trinh bay bang mieng vira trinh chi^u nhirng noi dung nay tren man Powerpoint.
Thuyet Irinh, mac du co the con Idio doi vcii nguoi bgc ti^ng Anh khong chuyen cr bac dai hc)C va sau dai hgc, phai la mcpt bg phan cua chucrng trinh tieng Anh kbong chuyen ncii chung va ciia ciic mon hgc phat iricn ki nang nghc-neii ncii rieng. Dc: nguc:ri heic co the trinh biiy thanh ceing mgt van dc hgc thuat hay mgt vAn
de nao dci bang tiiing Anb, ngucri day phiii giao nhicni \'u vb rang cho ngucri hgc,
giiip hg tbict liip nhu'ng muc liciu ciia biii thuyet Irinli. phim lich kT nhung dcii lucmg nghe minh thuycit trinh. chuiin bi kc hoach thuyet trinh scr bci. tim kiem va lei chirc
lu lieu, thuc himh xii danh gia tu lieu, phat inen \a sir dung nhirng dung cu true
quan va nhiing tu lieu ho trg. Trong khi nguoi hgc ihuc himh thuycl irinh. ngueri day phai giiip ngireri hgc biciu dugc ban chat ciia giao tic:p. giam thieu ducrc nhung lo sg trong khi neii ticng Anh. sir dung nhu'ng thu thuat trinh bii\' meit ciich co hieu qua va xu li nhiiiig ciiu hcri cua cu te^a. Lop hgc tieng Anh o Dai hgc Quoc gia 1 la Ngi thircrng rerng, deing sinh vic3n cho nen thuyet trinh cei the la meit thii thuat phat
trien kT nang ncii ticMig Anh huu bic:u phii hci'p xoi do tucii, liim li \'d trinh dc^) cua
nuuoi hoc.
Khi day thu>'(}t trinh, nguiri da) ihuirng tap trung \ a o \icc tao tu the dirng cua ngiriri trinh bay. giiip hg chuan bi each noi. kem theo nhirng true quan. Tu> nhien, trong giao ticp thiic thu. nguiri trinh ba>' co the bi chat \'an va phai ung khau true tiOp, \ a trong Irucrng hop nay hau het nhirng gi duoc chuan bi lai khong con lam
quan trgng nhu chiing dugc eho la co. Chinh vay trong khi day thuyet trinh. neuoi day nen thucmg xuyen lao nhirng tinh huong de nguori hgc co ih^ phan ims kip thai bang each cung cap cho hg nhirng each noi l4p cho trdng d^ chgn v nhir JfW/
//'s a(nj good question. I think it's ... hoac Thank you for asking a ven-
interessting question.
