understanding the immune system
Paradoxical roles of the immune system during cancer development docx
... immune cells An issue to be resolved with these powerful approaches is how therapeutically manipulating one arm of the immune system affects the anticancer or cancer-promoting properties of the ... tobacco use66,67 On the other hand, the RR for the most common non-viral-associated solid tumours of epithelial origin is decreased in immune- suppressed patients; some of these in fact have an ... that the adaptive immune system differentially modulates de novo cancer development in an organ-dependent and aetiology-dependent manner The paradoxical influence of the adaptive immune system...
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Báo cáo Y học: A new siglec family member, siglec-10, is expressed in cells of the immune system and has signaling properties similar to CD33 docx
... digesting the fragment with HindIII and Bgl II and the plasmid with HindIII and Bam HI The fragment was ligated into the plasmid and the integrity of the insertion was validated by digesting the plasmid ... purified (< 820 bp) The insert was then ligated into the pSPORT vector and the resulting full-length siglec-10 clone was designated 995-2 and the sequence was verified against the other siglec-10 clones ... plate and determining the binding of the polyacrylamide biotinylated glycoconjugates (Fig 5A) In the first panel, the 2,60 -PAA conjugate bound significantly greater than either the unsialylated lactose...
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scientific american - 1993 09 - special issue - life, death, and the immune system
... guide the bodyÕs defenses This process is crucial to the function of the immune system and its failure 80 How the Immune System Recognizes the Body Philippa Marrack and John W Kappler The cells ... control 126 The Immune System as a Therapeutic Agent Hans Wigzell Knowledge of the immune system has given clinicians a potent instrument: the system itself Researchers are seeking to guide immune ... chemicals that boost the activity of other cells in the immune system the junctions between the V and D or D and J segments when they interlink, which further increases the number of possible...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "Parasite immunomodulation and polymorphisms of the immune system" ppsx
... between pathogen species These graduated effects may, in turn, have driven quantitative polymorphisms in the contemporary immune system that control the strength of the immune response, exemplified ... patterns, the fine-tuning effect of multiple allelic variants allows the immune system to be variably calibrated across the population In the absence of infection, and where genotypes tend to the higher ... exceptionally susceptible to either infection or pathology, and a deeper understanding of the intimate co-evolution of pathogens and the immune system 10 11 12 13 14 Acknowledgements The author’s research...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "Beyond toxicity: aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated functions in the immune system" docx
... components of the immune system Unraveling the complex functions of AhR in the immune system, which may also give clues http://jbiol.com/content/8/7/61 towards crosstalk between the immune system, the ... just the beginning We still know little about the physiological impact of AhR expression on other cells of the immune system and the consequences of exposure to AhR ligands for these Given the ... subsets, distinguished by the different cytokines they produce (indicated under each CD4 T cell type): the cytokines act on other immune cells, activating them in turn The four known subsets of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "The use of crossreactive monoclonal antibodies to characterize the immune system of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)" pdf
... evaluate the immune responses of water buffalo to infectious agents and potential vaccines, it is necessary to characterize the immune system of the water buffalo and elucidate the changes in the immune ... populations in water buffalo is similar to the composition in cattle One of the unique features to emerge from the study of the immune system of cattle is the presence of two complex subpopulations ... in other related species With the mAbs identified here, it will now be possible to characterize the immune system of the water buffalo and begin to analyze the immune response to infectious agents...
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Báo cáo y học: "Regulating the immune system: the induction of regulatory T cells in the periphery Jane H Buckner1 and Steven F Ziegler2" pot
... paradigm The fate of the TR cells induced at the site is not known — whether these cells exist only transiently then die, whether they persist in the body as TR cells, or whether they return to their ... impossible to prove whether the TR cells isolated from peripheral blood originate in the thymus, and are expanded in the periphery, or whether they have been generated in the periphery The possibility ... treat autoimmune disease A better understanding of how these forces work together will allow us to understand immunologic settings where either the immune response is inadequate, such as the response...
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Báo cáo y học: " Mimicking microbial ‘education’ of the immune system: a strategy to revert the epidemic trend of atopy and allergic asthma?" ppt
... proposed that mycobacteria might therefore have influenced the evolution of the immune system because they have been ubiquitous throughout mammalian phylogeny Consequently, the concrete paving of modern ... inconsistencies impinging on the hygiene hypothesis? Clin Exp Allergy 2000, 30:1506–1510 23 Wold AE: The hygiene hypothesis revised: is the rising frequency of allergy due to changes in the intestinal flora? ... allergen for allergen-specific immunotherapy, and from trials with Homeostasis of the immune system is so complex and microbial exposure is so diversified that, at the present state of our knowledge,...
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Báo cáo y học: " Network, degeneracy and bow tie. Integrating paradigms and architectures to grasp the complexity of the immune system" pps
... have been observed in the functional structure of some key components of the innate immune response, such as the human TLRs system, and of the adaptive immune system, such as the TCR Even if microbial ... challenge in network theory and systems biology [3] While the application of the network paradigm revealed the existence of structural complexity, many other layers of complexity in the system became ... hypothesis The network approach The success of a new paradigm Central to systems biology, the paradigm of network is also at the cutting edge of the sciences of complexity (see for example the...
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Báo cáo y học: "Common angiotensin receptor blockers may directly modulate the immune system via VDR, PPAR and CCR2b" ppt
... [PDB:1DB1], while the second was the VDR bound to the agonist TX522 [33] [PDB:v] There was no significant difference between the results obtained from either VDR structure Table shows the SeqB Name ... from the oxygen of the triol group of 1,25-D, both to the imidazole nitrogen of HIS305, and to the imidazole nitrogen of HIS397 Another hydrogen bond extends from the 1-hydroxyl oxygen to the ... we used the putative CCR2b, [PDB:1KP1] as the comparative model Surprisingly, straight out of the 'Modeller' [41], all the ARBs docked into a pocket on the opposite side of the GPCR from the binding...
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Báo cáo y học: "Tumor microenvironments, the immune system and cancer survival" ppt
... different cell types of the immune system (indicated by round cells) may lead to elimination of the cancerous cells (b) If elimination is unsuccessful, the immune system and the cancer can reach ... cells their component cells, and their microenvironment Among the important advances that have derived from these technologies is the molecular classification of tumors on the basis of only their ... which were then validated in independent samples Among the gene-expression signatures were two, named immune- response (ir1) and immune- response (ir2), that together could be used to make the best...
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Báo cáo y học: "Gene regulation and signal transduction in the immune system" pptx
... Cell-fate determination in the immune system A few talks focused on the role of asymmetric division in cell-fate determination, and provided compelling evidence suggesting that the cell fate determinant ... in the immune system Tannishtha Reya (Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA) used a reporter system that marks Notch expression to study stem-cell commitment, and showed that all of the ... division, but in the context of an immune response Reiner showed that following antigen triggering, T cells become polarized with respect to the immunological synapse they make with the antigenpresenting...
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ROLE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN TUMOR PROGRESSION 1
... close interactions with the immune system Its ability to evade the immune system is dependent on components of the immune system itself Much research has been done on immunotherapy focusing on enhancing ... in the immune systems to control these tumors Immunogenic tumor cells are then eliminated from the system while non-immunogenic tumor cells are selected for and remain in equilibrium with the immune ... the immune system must be analyzed in the context of the organ in which the tumor exists and the type of cells that the tumor recruits Melanoma In Singapore, cancer mortality rates are on the...
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ROLE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN TUMOR PROGRESSION 2
... experiment, N is the number of melanoma cells at the onset of the experiment, k is the fraction of proliferating cells, t is the duration of the experiment (6 weeks), τ is the duration of the cell cycle ... described by the following equation (1): (1) 𝑁𝑁 = 𝑁𝑁0 𝑒𝑒 ( 𝜏𝜏 ) 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 Where N is the number of melanoma cells at the end of the experiment, N is the number of melanoma cells at the onset of the experiment, ... d is the fraction of proliferating cells in the tumor of PMN-MDSC-depleted mice For tumors with ellipsoid shape, the longer diameter is proportional to the cubic root of the cell number Therefore...
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Interaction of burkholderia pseudomallei with cells of the immune system
... are central players that control the adaptive immune responses Therefore, the entry and persistence of the pathogen within these cells could potentially affect their functions by inhibiting cellular ... can pass through the transwell membrane to contact the cells To ensure that bacteria in the transwell had not passed through the membrane to contact the cells in the bottom well, the latter were ... enter the cells since Jurkat cells tend to clump together, thereby reducing the cell surface area through which the bacteria could be internalized B pseudomallei was also able to invade the DC2.4...
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Báo cáo khóa học: Collectins Players of the innate immune system docx
... infection, further points to the possibility of SP-D having a role in mucosal defense systems outside the lung [25] Structure of the collectins The basic functional unit of collectins is a trimer The number ... ligands, or that they are involved in the recognition of immune cell surface receptors In addition, the electrostatic potential pattern on the surface of the protein might be altered by the additional ... carbohydrate ligands on the microbial surface [83] on the one hand, and on the degree of oligomerization of the collectin [66], on the other Clustering of glycoproteins or glycolipids on the surface of...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Angiostatin anti-angiogenesis requires IL-12: The innate immune system as a key target" docx
... although AST seems to have no effect in the same system [15] There is rapidly expanding evidence that immune system components, in particular the innate immune system, play a key role in induction ... have independent functions The immune system is capable of sensing at least some forms of proteolytically generated peptides [34], a role for the immune system in the function of this class of ... in animals gene targeted for either the IL-12 specific receptor IL-12Rβ2 (IL-12Rβ2-/-) for the IL-12 signal system or for the IL-12 p40 subunit (IL-12p40-/-) Another angioegensis inhibitor, fenretinide...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Modulation of macrophage functions by sheeppox virus provides clues to understand interaction of the virus with host immune system" docx
... not dependent on virus infectivity Later and systemically, the virus protects the host from any fatal consequences of the suppression of the immune system by compensatory enhanced activities of ... has the capacity to impair the initiation of an acquired immune response [16,21] If the viruses fail to secrete such immunomodulating proteins, as when the respective genes are deleted or the ... Competing interests The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions Abu-El-Saad participated in the design of the study, carried out the work with the mice, assisted...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Modulation of macrophage functions by sheeppox virus provides clues to understand interaction of the virus with host immune system" doc
... not dependent on virus infectivity Later and systemically, the virus protects the host from any fatal consequences of the suppression of the immune system by compensatory enhanced activities of ... has the capacity to impair the initiation of an acquired immune response [16,21] If the viruses fail to secrete such immunomodulating proteins, as when the respective genes are deleted or the ... Competing interests The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions Abu-El-Saad participated in the design of the study, carried out the work with the mice, assisted...
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Báo cáo y học: " Always one step ahead: How pathogenic bacteria use the type III secretion system to manipulate the intestinal mucosal immune system" doc
... this hypothesis [31] One of the protective mechanisms of the gut mucosa is the constant renewal and shedding of epithelial cells at the top of the villi in the small bowel and from the colon ... host cells The effectors can then target and hijack various host cell functions for the benefit of the pathogen [30] The increasing understanding of the variety of T3SS effectors and their functions ... important factor in the host defense The intestinal immune system faces the constant challenge of discriminating between the commensal microbiota and pathogens The response to the latter is usually...
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