... only used for the exhaust system? 4. How many basic types of filter are used? 5. Which type of filter is used mainly for the lubrication and fuel-injection systems? TEXT: FILTERS FOR DIESEL ... SYSTEMS The need for filters in systems 1. The most common cause of engine trouble is contaminants in the system; therefore, the most sensible way to maintain and preserve a high-performance hydraulic ... involves the transformation of mechanical energy from one form to another; hence, 100 percent efficiency is theoretically possible. On the other hand, all present-day methods for the large-scale...
... Chocolate Mint Coffee Float Ingredients: 1/2 c Hot coffee 2 tb Crème de cacao liqueur 1 Scoop Mint chocolate chip ice cream How To: For each serving combine 1/2 cup coffee and 2 tablespoons ... way shape or form. 19. Cafe Royale Ingredients: 3/4 c Hot Strong Coffee 4 ts Brandy 1 Sugar Cube How To: Pour coffee into warmed mug. Float 2 teaspoons brandy on coffee. Put remaining ... hot coffee. With a match, carefully ignite brandy in teaspoon. Slowly lower spoon into coffee to ignite floating brandy. Wait 1 minute after flame has died before drinking. 7. Black Forest...
... context in-formation at the sentence level, we adopt thetopical context information in our method for the following reasons: (1) the topic informa-tion captures the context information beyondthe ... adaptation for statistical machine translation. Machine Translation, pages 187-207.Nicola Ueffing, Gholamreza Haffari and Anoop Sarkar.2008. Semi-supervised Model Adaptation for Statisti-cal Machine ... sourcetoolkit for statistical machine translation. In Proc. ofACL 2007, Demonstration Session, pages 177-180.Yang Liu, Qun Liu and Shouxun Lin. 2006. Tree-to-String Alignment Template for Statistical Machine Translation....
... Phrase-BasedModel for Statistical Machine Translation. In Proc.ACL, pages 263-270.Michael Collins, Philipp Koehn and Ivona Kucerova.2005. Clause restructuring for statistical machine translation. ... Derived Rules for Improved Statistical Machine Translation. In Proc. Coling, pages 1119-1127.Chao Wang, Michael Collins, Philipp Koehn. 2007. Chi-nese syntactic reordering for statistical machine ... Models for Statistical Machine Transla-tion. In Proc. Workshop on Statistical Machine Trans-lation, HLT-NAACL, pages 127-133.920 Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the Association for...
... Discriminative Phrase Selection for SMT. In: Goutte et al (ed.), Learning Machine Translation. MIT Press. K. Gimpel and N. A. Smith. 2008. Rich Source-Side Context for Statistical Machine Translation. ... Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 834–843,Uppsala, Sweden, 11-16 July 2010.c2010 Association for Computational LinguisticsBilingual Sense Similarity for Statistical Machine Translation ... units. Therefore, questions emerge: how good is the sense similarity computed via VSM for two units from parallel corpora? Is it useful for multi-lingual applications, such as statistical machine...
... Number of Foreign Words AnnotatedBLEU ScoreNumber of Foreign Words Annotatedthe approx. 54,500 foreign wordswe selectively sampled for annotation cost = $205.80last approx. 700,000 foreign ... HNG, for short.HNG solicits translations only for trigger n-gramsand not for entire sentences. We provide senten-tial context, highlight the trigger n-gram that wewant translated, and ask for ... estimate the time required for POS annotating. Kapoor et al. (2007) assigncosts for AL based on message length for a voice-mail classification task. In contrast, we show for SMT that annotation...
... 31–36,Uppsala, Sweden, 13 July 2010.c2010 Association for Computational LinguisticsUnsupervised Search for The Optimal Segmentation for Statistical Machine TranslationCosákun Mermer1,3and Ahmet ... Foster, editors, Learning Machine Transla-tion, chapter 5, pages 93–110. MIT Press.Nizar Habash and Fatiha Sadat. 2006. Arabic prepro-cessing schemes for statistical machine translation.In ... Evan Herbst. 2007. Moses: Opensource toolkit for statistical machine translation. InProceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Asso-ciation for Computational Linguistics, CompanionVolume:...
... estimation for machine translation. In The JHU Workshop Final Report, Balti-more, Maryland, USA, April.David Chiang, Kevin Knight, and Wei Wang. 2009. 11,001new features for statistical machine ... estimation formachine translation. ComputationalLinguistics, 33(1):9–40.Taro Watanabe, Jun Suzuki, Hajime Tsukada, and HidekiIsozaki. 2007. Online large-margin training for statisti-cal machine ... the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 211–219,Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsGoodness: A Method for Measuring Machine Translation...
... Association for Computational Linguistics.Philipp Koehn et al. 2007. Moses: Open source toolkit for statistical machine translation. In Proceedings ofthe 45th Annual Meeting of the Association for ... SSRs.Notice that for each new sentence generated, we al-low for application of only one substitution.Although the idea is straightforward, we face twoproblems in practice. First, for frequent ... Association for Computational Linguistics:shortpapers, pages 294–298,Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsCorpus Expansion for Statistical Machine...
... Decoder for Phrase-based Statistical Machine Translation Mod-els. In Proc. of the Association forMachine Trans-lation in the Americas (AMTA).P. Koehn. 2004b. Statistical Significance Tests for Machine ... 2006.c2006 Association for Computational LinguisticsCombination of Arabic Preprocessing Schemes for Statistical Machine TranslationFatiha SadatInstitute for Information TechnologyNational ... Spain.Y. Lee. 2004. Morphological Analysis for Statistical Machine Translation. In Proc. of NAACL, Boston,MA.Y. Lee. 2005. IBM Statistical Machine Translation for Spoken Languages. In Proc. of International...
... rules.5 Open-Source Machine TranslationDespite the recognized need for translation, thereis no widely used open-source machine translationsystem. One of the major reasons for this lack ofsuccess ... Boks 1080 Blindern; 0316 Oslo (Norway)♠Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford, CA 94305 (USA){ jtl@ifi.uio.no| oe@csli.stanford.edu}AbstractThe LOGON MT demonstrator assemblesindependently ... professional transla-tors. Three quarters of the material are available for system development and also serve as trainingdata formachine learning approaches. Using thediscriminant-based Redwoods...
... 2005.c2005 Association for Computational LinguisticsClause Restructuring for Statistical Machine TranslationMichael CollinsMIT CSAILmcollins@csail.mit.eduPhilipp KoehnSchool of InformaticsUniversity ... describe an approach for the useof syntactic information within phrase-based SMTsystems. The approach constitutes a simple, directmethod for the incorporation of syntactic informa-tion in a phrase–based ... this perhaps in the voting.ParticlesBefore: Wir fordern das Praesidium auf,After: Wir auf fordern das Praesidium,English: We ask the Bureau,InfinitivesBefore: Ich werde der Sache nachgehen dann,After:...
... ofsupport vector machines (SVM). However, Eq. 8 is moresuitable for non-separable problems (which is often thecase for SMT) since it directly models the conditionalprobability for the candidate ... corresponding to la-bel . The symbol is short-hand for the feature-vector . This formulation is slightly differ-ent from the standard maximum entropy formulation typ-ically encountered in NLP applications, ... abstract maximum entropy training formulation:(8)In this formulation, is the weight vector which we wantto compute. The set consists of candidate labels for the -th training instance, with...
... lexicon models lack from context infor-mation that can be extracted from the same paral-lel corpus. This additional information could be:Simple context information: information ofthe words surrounding ... surrounding the word pair;Syntactic information: part-of-speech in-formation, syntactic constituent, sentencemood;Semantic information: disambiguation in-formation (e.g. from WordNet), cur-rent/previous ... fact that thealgorithm for computing the-best lists is sub-optimal.Table 8: Preliminary translation results for theVerbmobil Test-147 for different contextual infor-mation and different...
... additional parameter into the recursion formula for DP. In the following, we will explain this method in detail. 2.3 Recursion Formula for DP In the DP formalism, the search process is described ... little meaningful information or the information is different from the input. Examples for each category are given in Table 3. Table 4 shows the statistics of the translation performance. When ... experimental results for a bilingual cor- pus are reported. 1.1 Statistical Machine Translation In statistical machine translation, the goal of the search strategy can be formulated as follows:...