the unsupervised acquisition of a lexicon from continuous speech

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... link the senses across dictionaries, hence Wik is only used as augmented data for WMF to better learn the semantics of words. All data is tokenized, POS tagged (Toutanova et al., 2003) and lemmatized, ... this case, many senses will share the same latent semantics profile, as long as they are in the same topic/domain. To solve the sparsity issue we use missing words as negative evidence of latent ... (adjectives and adverbs) do not have a taxonomic representation structure. For example, the jcn similarity measure (Jiang and Conrath, 1997) computes the sense pair similarity score based on the information...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... application of adaptor grammars, since the grammar can learn the possible onset and coda clusters, rather than requiring them to be stipulated in the grammar. In the unigram syllable adaptor grammar shown in ... advance, in an adaptor grammar the subtrees, as well as their probabilities, are learnt from the train- ing data. In order to make parsing and inference tractable we require the leaves of these ... probability of the subtrees rooted in a specified subset M of the nonterminals known as the adapted nonterminals. Adaptor grammars achieve this by associating each adapted nonterminal A ∈ M with a...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... Institute University of Southern California 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292 chiarcos@daad-alumni.de Abstract This paper describes a novel approach towards the empirical approximation of discourse ... Triples can be easily acquired from automatically parsed corpora. While the relation word is usually part of the utterance that represents the source of the relation, determining the appropriate target ... necessary to develop operationalizable theories, and, within a su- pervised approach, large amounts of annotated train- ing data. To facilitate manual annotation, weakly supervised or unsupervised...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 20:20

... and assume that learning takes place in an environment where simple semantic representations of the speech intent are available to the acquisition mechanism. For example, we approximate the ... interested in how a lexicon of discrete words can be acquired from continuous speech, a prob- lem fundamental both to child language acquisition and to the automated induction of computer speech recognition ... work-in-progress on the ma- chine acquisition of a lexicon from sen- tences that are each an unsegmented phone sequence paired with a primitive represen- tation of meaning. A simple exploratory algorithm...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... is composed of the catalytic domain only [11]. At a satu- rating concentration of Spectrozyme-PL, all three fatty acids affected the activity of miniplasmin in the same manner as that of plasmin; apparent ... arachidonate (AA) or 175 l M stearate (SA), was measured. The mean and standard deviation values of four measurements are presented. Fatty acids as plasmin inhibitors A. Tanka-Salamon et al. 1280 ... presence of fatty acids. The values of k p and K m were determined from the amidolytic assay of plasmin activity, according to Model I, in the presence of oleate (OA) and arachidonate (AA), or, according...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... purchased from Pharmacia Biotech (Vienna, Austria). Visualization and analysis of molecular structures Molecular structures whose coordinates were obtained from the RCSB database were visualized ... Peplow, F. Yamakura and T. Matsumoto for the analyses of iron and manganese in protein samples. We also wish to thank H. Steinman for the gift of E. coli OX32 6A. We finally thank Mr M. Farrugia for ... helper phage (Stratagene). One microgram was utilized in mutagenesis reactions together with oligonucleo- tides ECF-Q69G d(5¢-AACAACGCAGCT GGGCTCTG GAACCAT), ECF -A1 41Q d(5¢-TCAACCTCTAAC CAG GCTACTCCGCTG)...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... between ard1 and ard2 are part of the ata cluster, ata12 and ataPKS1 should also pertain to it. Further sequencing of the ata cluster could provide an insight into the biosynthetic pathway of the other ... comprise a large region of a putative A2 0 1A biosynthetic (ata) gene cluster. The sequence of the 7 kb upstream of ard1 towards ard2 reveals seven consecutive open reading frames: ataP3, ataP5, ataP4, ... orientation (Figs2and 3A) .Ofthese,five(ataP3, ataP5, ataP4, ataP10 and ataP7) are highly similar to known or putative genes that are known or proposed to be implicated in the biosynthesis of the aminonucleoside...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... that product abundance was evaluated in the exponential phase of the reaction (half of the maximum product). To further validate the assays, the optimized cycle number (23 and 28 for gpd and lac1, ... (5¢-GGCACT GAGTGACGAAGGCAGGACCATC-3¢), was designed for the 5¢-RACE reaction to generate the 5¢-cDNA end fragment of lac1 .The5 ¢-cDNA end fragment was cloned into pGEM T-vector and sequenced as above. ... standard assay mixtures, the velocity of ABTS oxidation was maximal at 45 °C. The dependence of the rate of ABTS oxidation by lac1 on substrate concentration at pH 3.0 and 45 °C followed Michaelis–Menten...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... Tsutsui N, Saido-Sakanaka H, Yang WJ, Jayasankar V, Jasmani S, Okuno A, Ohira T, Okumura T, Aida K & Wilder MN (2004) Molecular characterization of a cDNA encoding vitellogenin in the coonstriped ... dsRNA, DNA corresponding to the mature peptide of MeMIH-B was amplified by PCR using T7 promoter-linked primers (forward, 5¢-TAATACGACTCACTATAGGTACTATG TATCGCATGCCAAT-3¢; reverse, 5¢-TAATACGACTC ACTATAGGTACTTTAAAGTCCCGGGTTGA-3¢). ... lower panel is the northern blot analysis of MeMIH-B expression in the eyestalk (Es) and tho- racic ganglia during the gonad maturation cycle. Each lane repre- sents an RNA sample from the eyestalk...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... Institute of Instrumentation Frontier, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan Post-translational phosphorylation serves as a control mechanism in a myriad of ... reveals that both tau peptides are capable of self-aggregation and that phosphorylation at Ser356 can modulate this process. Abbreviations AD, Alzheimer’s disease; PHF, paired helical filament; ... which predominantly carries a double negative charge at neutral pH, affects the electrostatic potential and quite often the conformation of the modified protein. Even in the absence of rearrangement, the change in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... DosH as a template and using the following respective 5¢-sense primers: 5¢-gatga gtcgggagACCcagctggagaaaaaag-3¢,5¢-gatgagtcgggagTTTcag ctggagaaaaaag-3¢,5¢-ggacccgttttgcgACCtcgaaagtgagc-3¢, and ... decreased the rate of auto-oxidation [5], whereas Ala and Asn substitutions at Asp40, an amino-acid residue that interacts via two water mole- cules with the proximal ligand His77, markedly increased ... Hirata S, Matsui T, Sasakura Y, Sugiyama S, Yoshim- ura T, Sagami I & Shimizu T (2003) Characterization of Met95 mutants of a heme-regulated phosphodiesterase from Escherichia coli. Optical...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

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