... well They include constraints on the supply of labor andother inputs, upward pressure on wages and rents, congestion of infrastructure, and (if fiscal incentives are provided to the locating ... innovation Small firms are the great innovators in some industries, while large firms are the great innovators in others Moreover, small and large businesses interact in innovative activity The ... explain it, or at least the part of it that is not explained by observable indicators of labor quality.” Other theories to explain the size-wage effect have surfaced since the Brown and Medoff...
... understand the meaning ofthe questions in this section Each session took 30 including instructions at the beginning, the listening comprehension task, and completion ofthe questionnaire The questionnaire ... placement inthe IEP was determined on the basis of an in- house placement test of listening, reading, and writing skills (reliability coefficients for the listening and reading sections of this ... the listening task so as not to bias any ofthe responses Results and Discussion To give the reader a better idea ofthe types of gestures the participants saw inthe lecture, discussion of the...
... businesses, the traditional target client group of savings banks By capturing and channelling more ofthe remittances into the financial system and intermediating the flow ofthe resources, savings ... disbursing of loans and collecting loan repayments Another promising track for savings banks is to invest their savings deposits in microfinance institutions by specialising 18 Microfinance Information ... countries andin Latin America and Asia, the figures also remain well below the average requirement ofthe banking system The microcredit schemes of savings banks Although savings banks are savings...
... important for explaining wilt Inthe case of income, youth living in low-income households experience higher levels of wilt (45%) than youth living in either modest-income (35%) or high-income (23%) ... accumulating school savings may have effects apart from financing school Conley (2001) finds that a doubling of net worth results in an 8.3% increase inthe probability of attending college Further, ... for their youth Youth savings Youth were asked in 2002 whether they had a savings or bank account in their name If they had an account, they were also asked whether they were saving some of this...
... rolein protein stability [8], and their involvement in interactions with cations offers new perspective inthe analysis ofthe contribution of ions as cofactors in protein folding [38] andin ... those observed for the wild-type, indicating the involvement of Glu53 and Asp287 inthe interaction with the cation (Fig 1E,F) The regain of aromatic chirality at 295 nm andinthe 260270 nm region ... [2] The solid lines through the mutants unfolding data points (lled symbols) are intended to guide the eye ofthe reader and not represent the tting ofthe data Reversibility points are indicated...
... ADAM10 and TACE are involved inthe shedding of APP, neither ADAM is involved inthe shedding of ACE Furthermore we show that APMA can distinguish between the shedding of ACE and APP Materials and ... for theother ADAM, confirming the specificity of these ASOs [19] The ASOs reduced the level of their respective proteins in cell lysates but had little effect on theother protein (Fig 1B,C) The ... expressing ACE were transfected with the ASOs and then exposed to APMA andthe levels of soluble ACE inthe medium examined (Fig 5) APMA caused a twofold increase inthe shedding of ACE from the...
... facility level in Zambia served inthe capacity of district managers of health programmes The finding that the nurses in Sudan were less involved in planning of activities (15.2% in polio andin measles) ... measles Roles of nurses and midwives in SIAs for polio and measles The involvement ofthe nurses and midwives in activities related to polio and measles SIAs is presented in Table In general, the ... improve the delivery ofother health services in many resource-constrained settings This paper reports on a survey conducted in Sudan and Zambia in 2007, which looked at the roles of nurses and midwives...
... part ofthe risk group Inthe case ofthe first LEs combination exposed at Table of breaking up with a boyfriend/girlfriend and failing a grade in school involves a sufficient impact to be part of ... between LEs on HRQoL by running similar models where the gender andthe interaction between gender and LCU scores were included and evaluating the significance ofthe interaction effect with a ... Spain Authors’ contributions JMV, LR, and JA participated inthe conception and design ofthe study EVO, SRF, GV and JAPV analyzed the data EVO, JMV, MH, MF, LR and JA participated inthe drafting...
... Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, andthe scientific and engineering communities The Council is administered jointly by both Academies andthe Institute of Medicine ... president ofthe National Academy of Engineering The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions ... autonomous in its administration andinthe selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government The National Academy of Engineering...
... curves for the growth indices ofthe ’young’ (< 60 years) andthe ’old’ (> 65 years) rings (cambial age) Inthe final stage, the curve ofthe growth indices IC0 was modelled according to the available ... III and IV) The case of July appears somewhat disconcerting because the related parameters andthe from years y, y- and y- on the hand, and years y- and y- on the other, can be given opposing ... structure and on the rooting ofthe trees owing to the impermeability ofthe subsoil Ofthe recent dendroecological studies that demonstrate a long-term increase inthe wood production rate of forest...
... ubiquitination of various target proteins, andthe intracellular domain ofthe Notch receptor (involved inthe maintenance of cells in an undifferentiated state), both of which notably contain ankyrin repeat ... vascularity and inflammatory signalling pathways Inthe present review we focus on current knowledge ofthe regulation ofthe HIF pathway, and then consider the potential roleof hypoxia inthe pathogenesis ... molecular basis of hypoxia tolerance, not only in muscle but also in numerous other diseases (including cancer and RA) andin settings where induction of hypoxia tolerance might be of therapeutic...
... follow up of more than 36 months There were 59 infiltrating ductal carcinomas (not otherwise specified and variants) and infiltrating lobular carcinomas The infiltrating ductal carcinoma group included ... cyclin E in all invasive carcinomas andinthe subgroup of IDC This may be due to the early stage ofthe disease The major limitation of this study is the small size ofthe study group Further ... accelerating progression ofthe cell cycle into the S phase [4] The activation of cyclin E is mediated through its activation ofthe cyclin dependant kinase protein and is modulated by the presence of...
... at the start of night prolongation, or 12 wk, an important roleinthe possibility ofthe buds to attain a deeper stage of dormancy Only the 12 wk old plants of northern origin had no flushing ... the chilling requirement to break winter dormancy in Scots pine has been stressed (e.g., Wareing, 1951; Vegis, 1965; Sarvas, 1974) Inthe following,I will use the working definition of dormancy ... (Fig 2) The same was true for the higher temperature 25/15°C compared with 25/5°C Dormancy breaking treatments ofand wk had a dramatic influence, hastening the tilushing rate, especially in the...
... ubiquitination of various target proteins, andthe intracellular domain ofthe Notch receptor (involved inthe maintenance of cells in an undifferentiated state), both of which notably contain ankyrin repeat ... vascularity and inflammatory signalling pathways Inthe present review we focus on current knowledge ofthe regulation ofthe HIF pathway, and then consider the potential roleof hypoxia inthe pathogenesis ... molecular basis of hypoxia tolerance, not only in muscle but also in numerous other diseases (including cancer and RA) andin settings where induction of hypoxia tolerance might be of therapeutic...
... Figure Lack of HPV16 Infection inthe absence of cathepsin B Lack of HPV16 Infection inthe absence of cathepsin B HPV16 infection levels in cathepsin B and cathepsin L deficient (-/-) and wild ... cathepsin B or cathepsin L protease, Figure Cathepsin B and L treatment of HPV16 increases binding Cathepsin B and L treatment of HPV16 increases binding Reporter virus binding was compared in ... cathepsin L enhanced infectivity by cleaving and removing a highly glycosylated mucin domain inthe Ebolavirus glycoprotein and resulted in increased binding suggesting that cathepsins are indeed...
... and ciliated epithelial cells inthe adult lung [11] HFH-4 induces the expression of βtubulin IV inthe pseudoglandular stage, and promotes the differentiation of ciliated epithelial cells Other ... [66] The binding of PTN with syndecan-3 induces neurite outgrowth of embryonic neurons [67] Heparitinase, which cleaves the heparin sulfate chain and disrupts the binding of PTN, inhibits PTN-induced ... tips It binds to the FGFR2b on the epithelial cells and transmits a signal to induce the initiation ofthe lung bud [17-22] Recombinant FGF10 alone can induce budding inthe lung epithelial explants...
... design ofthe study and helped to draft the manuscript EL participated inthe design ofthe study and helped to analyse the data RH helped to analyse the data CSU participated inthe design ofthe ... Competing interests The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions GG participated inthe design ofthe study and drafted the manuscript TG participated inthe ... were included inthe study During the two-year follow-up 122 (29.3%) ofthe 416 patients died The primary cause of death was respiratory in 79 patients, cardiovascular in 21, malignancy in 7, other...
... considered This interesting approach was successful inthe experimental setting of acute lung injury and needs to be verified in clinical indications other than lung transplantation Competing interests ... substitution of surfactant may bridge the patient to recovery ofthe graft The combination of iNO and surfactant proved to be successful in experimental severe reperfusion injury [15], strengthening Della ... transplantation Inthe cases of graft failure, brain death and infection ofthe donor lung, reduced surfactant function is aggravated by preservation ofthe graft, ischaemia and reperfusion Therefore,...
... prosthesis inserted into the portal vein andthe inferior vena cava ofthein vivo rabbit model Figure Diagram of silastic H-shaped prosthesis inserted into the portal vein andthe inferior vena cava of ... occlusion ofthe portal vein for the insertion ofthe mesocaval shunt and data from these preparations have therefore not been included Group The effect of intra-portal ATP Livers from another group of ... relating the readings to the wet weight ofthe liver, determined at the end of each experiment The "buffering capacity" ofthe HA was expressed in % as: [Increase in HA flow / Decrease in PV...