... all six binding curves, as in some cases parameters are shared between individual binding curves in order to reduce the number of free parameters as well as the uncertainty inthe remaining parameters ... implementing the corresponding effectorbinding functions This approach successfully describes proton binding [59] and urate binding [63] in hemocyanins Here, we assume the simplest effector-binding model ... sufficiently towards the tT state to visibly shift the lower asymptote of the Hill plot This also explains the relatively large errors inthe parameter describing the effector binding inthe tT FEBS Journal...
... authors also examine the recessionary impact in South Korea, Indonesia, and other Eastern countries Inthe ninth chapter, the focus is on the Indian economy In this chapter input– output analysis ... mergers and acquisitions, and other forms of reducing the workforce in order to save costs The unemployment rate inthe country increased from 2.6 % in 1997 to over % in 1998 Inthe finance, insurance, ... entered the Indian economy This changing structure of the Indian economy is providing an opportunity for the Indian banking and financial system to expand its business at the world level According...
... interacting partners and their role inthe developing cytoskeleton The work in this thesis focuses on the developing fly eye, the targeting of axons from the eye to the brain andthe anchoring of posterior ... circuitry of the Drosophila brain is organised into three distinct ganglia: the lamina, the medulla andthe lobula This structure and quite possibly the function of the axons innervating the optic ... which encodes a 1063 amino acid protein andthe other encodes a 1196 amino acid protein Both these isoforms differ in their splice sites inthe 4th exon (depicted in Fig 4.5 in chapter 4) (Bahri...
... Immunoglobulin Gamma IgSF Immunoglobulin Superfamily IL-10 Interleukin-10 IL-12 Interleukin-12 IL-15 Interleukin-15 IL-2 Interleukin-2 IL-4 Interleukin-4 IL-6 Interleukin-6 IP-10 IFN-g-inducible ... MCA binding to the γδ TCR93 Taken together, these observations indicate that human cancer patients indeed develop immune responses to the tumors and, in some cases, these responses may eliminate ... DCs inthe tumor sites Antigen bearing DCs activated by cytokines and NK cells can migrate from the tumor sites to draining lymph nodes, where they activate the adaptive immunity by inducing...
... cytosine methylase (dcm) methylates the internal cytosine residue inthe palindromic CCA/TGG sequence, and DNA adenine methylase (dam) methylates the adenine residue inthe palindromic GATC sequences ... al., 2005) and Igf-2r genes are differentially methylated in embryos depending on their parental origin, andthe reciprocal imprinting of IGF2 and H19 is mainly controlled by the Imprinting Centre ... been observed inthe absence of chromatin or methyl-binding proteins, suggesting that DNA methylation can silence genes by other mechanisms involving the chromatin structure (Miranda and Jones,...
... movement and cell spreading Actin rapidly cycles between G-actin and F-actin forms The rate of cycling is determined by actin binding proteins (ABPs) which includes the sequestering proteins andthe ... modification of the actin network The ABPs have the following activities; Profilin and ADF cofilin bind G- and F-actin and they are mostly concentrated at the leading edge of the cell They promote the disassembly ... Gelsolin Myosin I Filamin Adhesion receptors α-Actinin Fimbrin Fimbrin and α-actinin are widely distributed actin cross-linking (bundling) proteins They are enriched in parallel bundles at the...
... connecting the Chinese overseas and China since the Reform and Open-Door Policy in 1978 Ethnic Chinese living abroad contributed to the growth of South China’s economy in general, andthe Fujian and ... perspectives and interdisciplinary approaches inthe studies of people inthe Chinese diaspora” and contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of the Chinese inthe diaspora in broader ... religious linkages between China andthe Chinese diaspora By using the cult of Guangze Zunwang andits religious network connecting Southeast China andthe Chinese communities in Singapore and Malaysia...
... Hermes and Lensink (2003) and Borensztein et al (1998), respectively Moreover, our findings on manufacturing are in line with the cross-country findings on FDI and trade reported in Aizenman and ... share of FDI stocks in India since the mid-1990s While FDI in India continues to be local-market seeking inthe first place, its world-market orientation has clearly increased inthe aftermath of ... According to the Minister of Finance, P Chidambaram, “FDI worked wonders in China and can so in India” (Indian Express, November 11, 2005) The Deputy Secretary General of the OECD reckoned at the...
... corresponding to its surface pressure In this case, the heating process follows a superheating line shown in Fig 1, andthe liquid is in a metastable state There is an upper limit for superheating of a ... the vapor front vs time (which is measured using the optical deflection technique [3] and is used to obtain the velocity of the vapor front) shown in Fig The onset of ablation obtained using these ... between the measured ablation depth andthe values calculated using transient pressure data andthe equilibrium kinetic relation The validity of the equilibrium evaporation kinetics is also examined...
... during clinical interviews Parents were interviewed first, after which they were asked whether they would agree to their children participating inthe study If the parent agreed, the interviewer ... of 24013 Chinese children and adolescents between the age of and 16 years The cutting points for clinical designation are based on raw scores 12.9% of the children had scores inthe clinical range ... characteristics, including their gender, age, education, marital status and household income Information gathered from patients and their parents included severity of malformation andthe age which...
... al., there are two main ways of preparing nanoparticles from the microemulsion method: (1) by mixing two microemulsions, one containing the precursor andthe other, the precipitating agent; and ... cyclohexanol by adding triphenylphosphine to the reaction mixture, cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol were determined by the internal standard method using methylbenzene as an internal standard The concentration ... assigned to the asymmetric stretching vibration of the bond Si-O-Si inthe SiO4 tetrahedron The band at 800 cm-1 was assigned to the vibration of the Si-O-Si symmetric stretching vibration The band at...
... analysis of the conjugate indicated that there was no detectable free Dex inthe purified copolymer conjugate The remaining hydrazide inthe conjugate was determined using the TNBS (2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic ... rat model [15] In addition to the arthritic ankle joints, the copolymer showed minor deposition to other inflammatory tissues such as the knee joints andthe base of the tail where the adjuvant ... mobile andthe animals had reduced body weights Some inflammation was also observed inthe front limbs, but it was not as severe as the inflammation observed inthe hind limbs The intravenous administration...
... One of the potential reasons for the failure of LY333013 may be incomplete inactivation of sPLA2 inthe SF due to inadequate dose of the inhibitor used inthe trial [32] As sPLA2 and MMP inhibitors ... Arthritis Research & Therapy Vol 11 No Thwin et al ED and GK declare that they have no further financial competing interests All authors declare that they have no non-financial competing interests ... cytokine induction of prostaglandin (PGE) production, and is associated with enhanced release of IL-6 [6] Proinflammatory cytokines and sPLA2 potentiate each other's synthesis, thereby creating...
... assumption and it remains to be seen whether Agrin plays a role inthe INF system A working hypothesis on the function of Agrin inthe immune system Although the number of studies investigating the ... in part, in maintaining synaptic structure in this tissue [23] In addition, Agrin is expressed at high levels inthe brain microvasculature, where it could play a role inthe maintenance of the ... close to the carboxyl terminus of the protein know as A/y and B/z (A and B, and y and z specify the sites inthe chick and mammalian proteins, respectively; Figure 1) Alternative splicing at these...
... proliferating FLSs produce proteinases that degrade cartilage and underlying cortical bone [4] We noticed that proinflammatory cytokines upregulate NGF/TrkA in FLSs, NGF/TrkA is upregulated in FLSs of in ammatory ... spondyloarthritis; ST, synovial tissue Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Published: 28 June 2010 References Barthel C, Yeremenko N, Jacobs R, Schmidt RE, ... factor and receptor expression in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis Arthritis Res Ther 2009, 11:R82 Raychaudhuri SP, Raychaudhuri SK: The regulatory role of nerve growth factor and its...
... Allergen inhalation induced increases inthe TH2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 in both strains of mice following allergen challenge (Figure 2B) In Balb/c mice, there was a decrease inthe TH1 cytokine ... levels, increased responsiveness to acetylcholine challenge, increased cellular infiltration into the airways and increased mucin production in Balb/c mice The same inhalation protocol resulted in increased ... allergy and asthma and therefore warrant their further study Much of the work in murine models of allergen-induced allergic inflammation has been performed using ovalbumin (OVA) as a sensitizing...
... as a continuous sinusoidal staining andinthe stroma of portal tracts (Fig 7A) Inthe cirrhotic liver, the sinusoidal staining was enhanced, whereas a very faint staining was observed in fibrous ... s-LIF-D, initiation at the AUG within exon D would result in a reading-frame shift following the 6th amino-acid (aa) and a termination at aa 88, the resulting protein bearing no homology with LIF There ... confirm the quality of loading and transfer The probe used was a 730 bp cDNA containing the whole coding sequence of human LIF [27] Probes were labeled with [α32P]dCTP, by random priming using the...
... discussion QTL region The 18 informative SNP present inthe region containing the QTL for androstenone variation were classified into four groups based on their positions in Mb (Figure 1) The position ... 25 and 30 kb, respectively Porcine CYP11A1 gene CYP11A1 appeared to be a promising candidate gene for the QTL for androstenone variation since its product, the CYP11A1 enzyme, catalyses the initial ... flanking sequence SNP (Y) patented by Greger [17] was found inthe proximal promoter and SNP (R), previously characterised by Grindfleck et al [12], was found inthe first exon Inthe first intron,...
... understanding of these combined "network effects" is being gained, the research is still at its initial stages of quantifying the combined impact The study by Fornefeld et al (2008) is probably the ... Broadband demand and economic impact in Latin America Expanding on these findings, Koutroumpis (2009) analyzes data between 2002 and 2007 for 22 OECD countries The author found that an increase in ... broadband inthe Latin American region would not qualify as such For example, the ITU defines broadband as "transmission capacity exceeding 1.5 o Mbps”6 On the other hand, the OECD considers in its...
... p16ink4a, p15ink4b, p18ink4c and p19ink4d, specifically inhibit cyclin D-associated kinases, andthe KIP (kinase inhibitor protein) family members, p21cip1/waf1, p27kip1 and p57kip2, bind and inhibit ... activating domain in p35, and contains an amphipathic α-helix (Chin et al., 1999) Further evidence from the interaction studies indicates that the hydrophilic face of the helix is involved inthe interaction ... Schematic diagram depicting various motifs of the CK2 proteins Within the α subunit of human CK2, the domain in grey includes the invariant Lys-68 which is involved in ATP binding, followed by a cluster...