... aggregate-demand to the right When the Fed contracts the money supply, it raises the interest rate and reduces the quantity of goods and services demanded at any given price level, shifting aggregate-demand ... Money Y1 Y2 Quantity of Output Changes in the Money Supply When the Fed increases the money supply, it lowers the interest rate and increases the quantity of goods and services demanded at any given ... Equilibrium in the Money Market According to the theory of liquidity preference: The interest rate adjusts to balance the supply and demand for money There is one interest rate, called the equilibrium...
... differences in the composition ofthe biochemical parameters investigated, neither in the sun nor in the shade crown By contrast, in the sun crown the leaf-area based concentrations of antioxidants and ... or uptake of air pollutants, the leaf surface is the interface between the tree andthe environment Consequently, area based values of antioxidants and photoprotective pigments are of potential ... xanthophyll-cycle pool than leaves in the shade crown Corresponding values for leaves of adult trees and seedlings were 47 ± and 46 ± 26% in the sun -and ± and ± 2% in the shade-crown, respectively When...
... bands (table V) The low value ofthe coefficient of variation, in both the thinned andthe unthinned stand, accounts for a random distribution of trees andof canopy elements Despite the marked differences ... they regulate all the main ecological and ecophysiological processes in a forest stand LAI especially influences not only the structure andthe development ofthe stand (growth ofthe understory, ... thinned and unthinned plots The number of leaves in the unthinned , -2 plots was 000 and 662 m respectively, for the wet andthe dry site, while in the thinned plots the number was 901 and 886...
... for the development of anal cancer is well known, no data about theinfluenceof smoking during combined radiotherapy on the outcome after therapy exist as of now The exact role of smoking in the ... was stopped after first cycle of chemotherapy at a dose of 43 Gy because of toxicity and old age ofthe patient The intensity of chemotherapy was reduced in smoker and non-smokers due to hematologic ... http://www.ro-journal.com/content/2/1/30 the combination of one of these risk factors with smoking [7-11] Combined radiochemotherapy is the gold-standard in treatment of anal cancer since Nigro et al reported their data [12]...
... against strains of a wide range of serosubtypes The contribution ofthe PorA protein to the protective effect of OMV vaccines is illustrated by the predominantly serosubtype specificity ofthe resulting ... meningococcal strains of serogroups A, B and C [13-15] The first approach has been the use of in silico analysis ofthe predicted proteome of serogroup B strain MC58 to identify putative candidate vaccine ... proteins associated with the development of immunity and in the elucidation of their role in pathogenesis of meningococcal infection Hopefully, these approaches will bear fruit in the search for an...
... involved in the set-up ofthe NICE registry and helped in drafting the manuscript PvdV was involved in the design ofthe study and in interpreting the results ofthe analyses EdJ participated in the ... the period of study 32 ICUs were providing data to the NICE registry, thereby covering about one-third of all Dutch ICUs and more than half of all ICU beds in The Netherlands Twenty-nine ofthe ... volume Although the volume-outcome effect is a major finding ofthe present study, the initial focus ofthe study was not only on the volume-outcome effect, but also on theinfluenceof other organizational...
... analysis and writing the drafts for the manuscript GB: idea development, statistics and presentation ofthe findings, TLH: PI ofthe young-HUNT study, development ofthe idea and supervision of method, ... off point between four and five and “conduct problems” present between five and six Pain and tension symptoms To measure pain and muscular tension the students were asked if they had any ofthe ... 2) conduct problems, 3) symptoms of anxiety and depression and 4) symptoms of muscular pain and tension The variables were derived by factor analysis of parts ofthe Young-HUNT questionnaire (described...
... point of different, unique positioning to reduce the impact of competitive and consolidation the involvement of customer 2/ Secure the brand: Register the brand identity in law and protect the brand ... with the sales person, company will face with the risk of losing customer and further, they will spread the negative worth of mouth to others 4/ Build up the system to control and evaluate the ... Dealing by the method of EFA and CFA statistics and analysis Using the method of liner structure analysis (SEM) to test the suitability ofthe model and hypotheses with SPSS, AMOS version 18.0 software...
... the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Univerisiti Malaya Aim This study aimed to develop an understanding oftheinfluenceof gender and ethnicity on the use of ICT among the students in the ... territories ofthe British East India Company in the Southeast Asian region including Penang, Melaka, modern day Singapore, andthe islands of Dinding and Province Wellesley) andthe increased demands ... understand the complex ethnic composition ofthe country, it was important to take a brief look at the history of these three ethnic groups in the region The Malays While examining the dynamics of the...
... view showing the pinning ofthe LVS at the top ofthe nanostructure Note that the area to the left of a LVS is filled with liquid whereas the area to the right of a LVS is not Blue and red lines ... where R is the radius of curvature ofthe spherical cap, H is the maximum height ofthe spherical cap of liquid measured from the substrate surface, a is the base radius ofthe droplet on the substrate, ... Schematic diagram ofthe nanofins The area ofthe dark blue region is given by A andthe mean velocity ofthe fluid in this area is assumed to be zero to represent the loss of driving pressure...
... The translucency of composite materials is affected by such factors as the particle size and content ofthe filler used, the refractive indexes ofthe fillers andthe matrix andthe pigment they ... Figure 5d The measuring set up for evaluation oftheinfluenceofthe color of posts and cores on the esthetics of all-ceramic restoration 74 Figure 5e Mean Contrast Ratio of three types of all-ceramic ... radiopacity, handling properties and esthetics ofthe restorations One ofthe most important considerations in the selection of filler is the optical characteristics ofthe composite The monomer...
... INTRODUCTION This part consists ofthe rationale, the aims ofthe study, the research questions, the scope ofthe study, the methods ofthe study andthe design ofthe study Rationale Translation ... replace them, pure and simple The translations take the place ofthe originals They function as the originals in theculture to the extent that the originals disappear behind the translations The ... none but two kinds of people Some strictly believe the holiness ofthe original text and others the absoluteness ofthe unity of meaning and form in a certain language And they, idealistically,...
... context ofthe token to be classified a window of two tokens around the word, andthe features are the PoS tags and lexical items (word forms) of all the tokens in the context Some settings (Kudo and ... consistency ofthe gender annotation in the corpus (in particular, the effect ofthe unmarked gender tag) We performed the WP and WPNC experiment on two forms ofthe corpus: (1) WP,WPNC using the manually ... subsets ofthe morphological features ofthe tokens to enhance the features set We found that good results were achieved by using the Number and Construct features together with the word and PoS...
... different wines – and that one costs $5 andthe other $45, when they are, in fact, the same wine – the part ofthe brain that experiences pleasure will become more active when the drinker thinks ... drinkers a choice, and in blind testing, they preferred Pepsi When they were shown the company logos before they drank, however, 75% preferred Coke The researchers scanned the brains ofthe participants ... consumers make the decisions they do, and what part ofthe brain is telling them to it lived phenomenon Surveys indicate that even satisfied customers leave the firm on a regular basis The explanation...
... s) after the NEE measurement and then replaced and covered with an opaque cloth to prevent photosynthesis, allowed to mix, and measurements of ecosystem respiration Page of 15 Chimner and Welker ... positive during the early morning period and was negative the rest ofthe day Diel patterns of GEP and RE are not shown, but generally mirrored NEE patterns Across the years of measurements, ... project and helped draft the manuscript RC participated in its design and coordination ofthe project, performed the statistical analysis, and helped draft the manuscript All authors read and approved...
... March ofthe year in question (Fig 3) The standard regional tree-ring chronology shows a decrease in the radial increments starting at the beginning ofthe 1970s and ending at the end ofthe 1980s ... 1997), in northern expositions ofthe Elbe valley in the Krkonoše Mts (Sander et al 1995) and in the Polish Tatras (Feliksik 1972) The positive influenceof precipitation in July ofthe previous ... factors They were always calculated from May ofthe previous year till August ofthe year in question, i.e the period of 16 months It is the period that should have the highest influence on the radial...
... This study was supported by the European Union, the Forestry Department ofthe Veneto Region andthe Mountain Community of Comelico and Sappada in the framework ofthe INTERREG PROJECT “Analisi ... pattern of natural regeneration [15] lead to a high spatial variability of light in the understory andof competition between saplings An example ofthe difficulty to understand the effects of subtle ... was assessed by calculating the apical dominance ratio (ADR, length ofthe apical leader divided by the mean length ofthe healthy lateral shoots at the last node) andthe percent live crown ratio...
... briefly removed from the orbital shaker, the cells allowed to settle for 10 andthe volume of settled cells (SCV) recorded [7] From these measurements, the specific growth rate ofthe cultures was determined ... 3.2 Influenceof proline in relation to concentrations of NaCl Figure shows the growth rate of larch embryogenic cultures grown in varying concentrations of NaCl There was a Protective effect of ... of proline and temperature, andofthe interaction between them (p < 0.0005), with a very highly significant effect of proline at each temperature Similar results were seen for sitka spruce and...
... burned and tree-felled stands followed a normal distribution, we tested the equality of variances in the three stands We found that they were the same and therefore stands could be compared and ... absorbed (De Bano and Conrad, 1978) The results suggest the importance of underground organs such as lignotubers and burls during the early stages of development as sites of carbohydrate and nutrients ... Schlesinger WH, Gill DS (1980) Biomass, production, and changes in the availability of light, water and nutrients during the development of pure stands ofthe chaparral shrub, Ceanothus megacarpus after...
... volume ofthe leaf, N the total number of moles of solutes present in the vacuoles, R the gas constant and T the absolute temperature Because: volume at full where V is the symplasmic s a turgor and ... through the points of this straight segment results in equation (1): where Π is the volume averaged osmotic pressure ofthe leaf, a the slope ofthe fitted line, b the Y-axis intercept, Vsi the ... Measurement of plant water status by the pressure chamber technique Irrig Sci 9, 289-308 Tyree MT, Hammel HT (1972) The measurement ofthe turgor pressure andthe water relations of plants by the pressure...