... manuscript including reading the literature and integrating the literature with the findings and writing the discussion MA: involved with recruitment of subjects, setting up the design of the study and ... paper for details and included all the references 11 12 13 14 15 TJS: Involved in the writing of the manuscript including reading the literature and integrating the literature with the findings and ... findings and writing the discussion 16 SVF: Involved in the writing of the manuscript including reading the literature and integrating the literature with the findings and writing the discussion...
... acquaintance in a local firm and requests an interesting term project for a student Informal meetings of faculty and industrial representatives to exchange information, obtain mutual advice, and ... for individual linkage judgment Note: Linkage factors: Magnitude of money, human interactions, organization interactions, facility utilization, and information interactions Linkage types: joint ... University-Industry-GRI linkages in the Innovation Triangle (Figure I.2) including linkage type in terms of formal as well as informal Then, a few points toward facilitators and inhibitors to linkages are...
... transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing ... indicators forassessmentof ecosystem health A classification of indicators The definition of some important holistic indicators An overview of all the applied ecological indicators with indication of ... Dominance of pollution indicator species Dominance of pollution/clear water indicators HANDBOOK OF ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS FORASSESSMENTOF ECOSYSTEM HEALTH 12 Species considered as pollution indicators...
... passive fingerprinting and collision-free customer identification watermarks are called active fingerprinting Whenever we write fingerprinting in this chapter, we mean active fingerprinting In Chapters ... watermarking plays the main role In Chapter III, the main theme is to propose a methodology, including vi performance metrics, for evaluating and comparing the performance of digital audio watermarking ... Infocomm Research, Singapore Qi Tian, Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore Chapter V Design Principles for Active Audio and Video Fingerprinting 157 Martin Steinebach, Fraunhofer IPSI, Germany...
... The aim of the carer workshops was to provide information and skills training for carers of people with eating disorders in order to improve their coping strategies and reduce the levels of difficulties ... newsletter and a short demographic form For this study, the EDU newsletter and a flyer explained details about the study that was being offered This post included an information sheet and a consent form ... time of the study The expert carers (four mothers of daughters with eating disorders) were chosen for their previous experience in dealing with parents caring for a relative with an eating disorder...
... The baseline characteristics and clinical information for patients with data from both a baseline and subsequent visit are provided in Table GERD was proven in 82% of subjects while in 18% the ... translation into Norwegian and Swedish, and that it represents a viable instrument for assessing symptom severity and response to treatment in clinical trials of patients with GERD 10 11 12 Competing interests ... investigator in the study, and was involved in the design MS, TB, TL, OJ, and JD were involved in the analysis, reporting and writing up of the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript...
... 2000 and 2002 using trained interviewers, usually meeting consenting patients and caregivers, in their own homes, who were interviewed separately Clinical and demographic data of patients and ... agreement for symptoms and quality of life, few have examined agreement regarding factors increasingly relevant at the end of life, including psychological and spiritual concerns [5-7] Better understanding ... ratings Three key findings emerged First, overall caregivers in our study showed substantial agreement with patients for pain, and moderate to fair agreement for seven out of nine other items of...
... devices in science and engineering, calling for ultra-precision manufacturing and micro-fabrication Micromachining is used for fabricating micro-channels and micro-grooves in micro-fluidics applications, ... patterning In the bulk machining, the materials with the dimensions of more than in the range of micrometer or above centimetre scale are being used for the machining process A best example for ... or etching methods are not capable of making true 3D structures e.g free form surfaces and also limited in range of materials Mechanical machining is capable of making free form surfaces in wide...
... Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures been extended to include the effects present in trepanning of holes (Zeng et al., 2005), andfor trepanning with annular beam profiles ... Used in Microfluiducs Tai-Chang Chen and Robert Bruce Darling University of Washington, USA Introduction Microfluidics falls into an intermediate range within the spectrum of applications for ... wells and tuned to emit at ~810 nm, for optimum matching to the pertinent absorption band of Nd:YAG Semiconductor diode pumping of Nd:YAG offers much more efficient pumping with minimal energy being...
... 2000) 56 Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures Laser micromachining of plastic laminates for microfluidics nearly always involves through-cutting of each layer CO2 ... Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures Fig The ablation rates for laser micromachining versus laser fluences for Pyrex with different cutting speeds using 266 nm and ... fluences for sapphire, silicon and Pyrex using the 266 nm and 355 nm Nd:YAG lasers extensively applied to the field of microfluidics, principally in the form of through-cutting of plastic laminates...
... The mechanisms involved in the liquidimmersion laser micromachining of GaN will be investigated in the following subsection 100 Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures ... American Institute of Physics) Laser Micromachining and Micro-Patterning with a Nanosecond UV Laser 91 2.4 Front-side Laser micromachining of GaN/sapphire LED wafer In our laser micromachining setup, ... applications of this laser micromachining technique will also be discussed 96 Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures 3.1 Trench micromachining in air The laser micromachining...
... others with great flexibility in pattern design Furthermore, laser micromachining is currently being used for the drilling of vias for blind, buried and through holes in PCB manufacturing making ... process for the same polymer Fig Samples machined at 30 Hz, 50 shots per point and 3.6 mm/min with different fluences of 80 mJ/cm2 120 Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano ... is the number of adjacent waveguides Finally, a layer of upper cladding is deposited using spin coating (or any other suitable coating technique) and then UV cured A single layer of waveguide...
... working with undefined cutting edges e.g grinding, honing, lapping, and processes are using defined cutting edges like drilling, milling and slotting Especially grinding works at high cutting ... machining of bulk metallic glasses Proceedings of HDP’07 8 Mechanical Micromachining by Drilling, Milling and Slotting T Gietzelt and L Eichhorn Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, Institute ... lubrication and cooling Mechanical machining is connected with heat generation Except in the case of dry machining, fluids are applied for cooling and lubrication to reduce the friction of the cutting...
... in Fig 17, sequential machining was forced by insertion of additional frames dividing the field into 19 fields with three lines of pins each Fig 17 Multiple pin array of a fixed-bed reactor with ... development of this class of machines, progress in spindle clamping is evident Since the machine concept is similar to a c-shape- Mechanical Micromachining by Drilling, Milling and Slotting 173 rack and ... speed and feed rate cannot be extrapolated For instance, a speed of 15.000 rpm with a feed rate of 90 mm/min worked fine for micro drilling using a 50 µm drill bit for the sputter mask displayed in...
... predominantly used for machining applications Realizing the inherent advantages of AWJs and their potential for micromachining, considerable effort has been devoted to studying and seeking solutions ... water, and abrasives), and solid-solid (abrasives and materials) interactions During piercing and cutting, the complex flow is confined in a small space with rapidly changing boundary conditions In ... shown in Fig 14 Fig 14 Deformation and stress for Geometry B 196 Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures Next, Geometry C showed a deformation of 2.952X10-5 µm with...
... unless controlled depth milling or etching is used to machine blind features To broaden the performance of AWJ machining in terms of precision and 3D machining, a host of accessories have been developed ... machined with AWJs but also enables multimode machining, including turning, facing, parting, drilling, milling, grooving, etching, and roughing An A-Jet™, or articulated jet, tilts the nozzle ... position.12 It is capable of beveling, countersinking, and 3D machining A Collision Sensing Terrain Follower measures and adjusts the standoff between the nozzle tip and the workpiece to ensure...
... Micromachining Techniquesfor Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures 4.7 Multi-nozzle platform The downsizing of an AWJ nozzle results in a reduction in the flow rate of the waterjet Depending on ... systems, andfor the post-processing of various micro-nano products The advancement and refinement of µAWJ technology continue Efforts are being made to further downsize µAWJ nozzles for machining ... engraving (SACE) (Wuthrich et al., 1999) has been employed for the micromachining of glass ECSMM is a strong candidate for microfabrication utilizing the best of electrochemical machining (ECM) and...
... implant into the material 2.1.4 Etching Etching can be divided into two groups, wet and dry Standard wet etching, in standard IC processing, is used for etching a wide range of materials However, in ... found in the chapter on micromachining 3.1 Bulk micromachining Bulk micromachining can be divided into two main groups: wet and dry There are also other techniques such as laser drilling and sand ... fabricated using pre-processing combined with CMOS 4.2.2 Integrated processing With the integrated process option the wafers are removed from the standard line and after the addition of micromachining...
... highlighted with proper reverence to their sources for interested reader The field of MEMS is very promising and much work is needed in the following areas: The interdisciplinary nature of MEMS and the ... 978-3-90261325-7, InTech, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/multiphysics_modelling _and_ si mulation _in_ engineering Bushyager, N Intracell Modeling of Metal/Dielectric Interfaces for ... of Fingerprint Sensor Having a Microheater Array 1999 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science Khine Myint Mon A., Tin Thet New B , Dr Zaw Min Naing, C & Yin Mon Myint,D...
... number of different combinations of parameters for the regionmerging algorithm was 728 for each image The number of different combinations of parameters for the edge-based algorithm was 144 for each ... C Lopez, and J A Gonz´ lez, ı a “Algorithms for real-time acquisition and segmentation of a stream of thermographic line scans in industrial environments,” Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, ... intervals, a continuous function can be defined, consisting of a plateau of value 1, for input values inside the truly confidence interval, and two smooth slopes, one on each side, modeled as spline curves...