structures of metals and ceramics
Tài liệu A COMPARISON OF THE TEXTUAL STRUCTURES OF ARABIC AND ENGLISH WRITTEN TEXTS pdf
... heaven and earth And the earth was void and empty, and darkness was upon the face of the deep; and the spirit of God moved over the waters And God said: Be light made And light was made And God ... derived from nature and society and appear to be essential for the social activities of man, e.g actor and action; the bearer of a quality or of a state and the state; action and an object resulting ... process of progressive accumulation, as well as the dynamism of all other elements of utterance (semantic and grammatical too), arising out of the semantic and formal 27 you tension and of expectation...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Human telomeric G-quadruplex: structures of DNA and RNA sequences ppt
... G-tracts of one strand and only the 3¢-end G-tract of the other strand [30] (Fig 3D) The core of this structure, called the (3 + 1) core, has three strands oriented in one direction and one strand ... conformations of guanines along two consecutive G-tracts are 5¢-syn-anti-anti-3¢ and 5¢-syn-syn-anti-3¢ for one strand and 5¢-syn-syn-anti-3¢ and 5¢-syn-anti-anti-3¢ for the other strand of the dimer; ... formed by the stacking of several tetrads and supported by four backbone strands (or columns) Linkers connecting these strands are called loops (Fig 2E–G) G-quadruplex structures are polymorphic...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structures of Nipah and Hendra virus fusion core proteins ppt
... effects of HR2 on viral fusion and formation of the fusion core structure The results also show that the HR2 proteins of NiV and HeV are functionally and structurally interchangeable, and this ... constructs of both NiV and HeV F proteins A schematic diagram of NiV and HeV F proteins with the location of structurally significant domains is given The listed sequences of HR1 (137–178) and HR2 ... that five out of nine changes (including one A to V) occur in the e and g positions of HR1, and six out of nine changes (including two L to I and one I to V) occur in HR2 at the a and d positions...
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Assessing the hazard of metals and inorganic metal substances in aquatic and terrestrial systems
... massive metals and insoluble sulfide and metal oxide forms 1.3 WORKSHOP PURPOSE AND GOALS The purpose of this workshop was to identify limitations in the use of PBT for hazard assessment of metals and ... advantages of this approach include: • • • • Avoidance of contentious and nonproductive debate about the PBT properties of metals Retention of a consistent system for evaluating metals and organics, ... AM 24 Assessing the Hazard of Metals and Inorganic Metal Substances 3.4.1 NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF METALS Metals are natural constituents of all rocks, soil, water, air, and sediments, which over...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structures of open and closed forms of D-serine deaminase from Salmonella typhimurium – implications on substrate specificity and catalysis pptx
... abstraction of the proton from the Ca atom of the substrate Further structural and kinetic studies with site mutants of residues at the active site and determination of structures of ligand and inhibitor ... structure had 93.1% and 6.3% of the residues in the favoured and additionally allowed regions and two residues (Ile111 and His319) in the disallowed region Statistics of the Ramachandran plot obtained ... 1.32 A Superposition of large and small domains of StDSD with the corresponding domains of SeMetDSD ˚ results in rmsd values of 0.53 and 1.64 A, respectively 2882 A number of local conformational...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structures of open and closed forms of cyclo⁄maltodextrin-binding protein pptx
... open form Results and Discussion Overall structures of TvuCMBP–ligand complexes The crystal structures of TvuCMBP liganded with a-CD, b-CD and G4 have been determined at 1.7, 1.8 ˚ and 1.55 A resolutions, ... Ile279, and Val281, are found at the termini of hinge-1 and hinge-2 (Fig 6A,B) The primary structures of hinge-1 and hinge-2 of TvuCMBP and related proteins [18–23,35] were aligned on the basis of ... [34], and manual adjustment and rebuilding of the model were carried out with the programs xfit [44] and coot [45] Superpositioning of TvuCMBP and other protein structures and the calculation of...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 1 ppt
... parameters of the matrix and of the hardening phase The subject of the last chapter is the peculiarities of the strain behavior of refractory metals A detailed review of all aspects of the problem ... Matrix of Alloys during Strain 88 Interaction of Dislocations and Particles 89 Creep Rate Length of Dislocation Segments 95 Mechanism of Strain and the Creep Rate Equation 96 Composition of the ... materials, energy, technology, and information Metals and alloys are materials, which have been widely used by mankind for thousands of years, and this is no mere chance: metals have many remarkable...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 2 pptx
... plan demands first an efficient structural investigation and detailed proofs of correctness of physical models An in situ investigation of metals is necessary in order to address the problem of the ... frame of the chamber in order to provide rotation of the specimen around the axis of the goniometer during its exposure to X-rays The mechanism must be able to create a load of the order of thousands ... consists of a frame and an electronic valve (a so-called diode mechanotron) Deformation of the frame because of stress is transmitted through the screw 10 to the stem of the valve The elongation of...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 3 pdf
... is of great importance for our understanding of the physical mechanism of high-temperature deformation Fig 3.16 Histograms of the distribution of distances between jogs in screw components of ... facecentered metals at temperatures of (0.40–0.70) Tm , and for body-centered ¯ metals at (0.45–0.65) Tm The values of D and η depend upon external pa¯ ¯ rameters, especially stress D decreases, and ... revealed as the result of systematic examination of the bright- and dark-field image pictures and diffraction patterns of a large number of specimens Most of the dislocations in specimens after hightemperature...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 4 ppsx
... three or four orders of magnitude at 850–1050K) 4.6 Formation of Jogs Fig 4.10 Comparison of the temperature dependence of the creep rates ε under stress of 80 MPa (a) and of the ˙ mean-square ... different in the volume and inside the dislocation “tube” Let us denote the coefficients of the diffusion of the vacancies by Dv and Dd , respectively In Figs.4.2 and 4.3 the energy of vacancy generation ... annihilation and immobilization) Therefore, two terms of Eq (4.12) are determined by the interactions of dislocations and the other two are related to the effect of sub-boundaries Consider each term of...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 5 pdf
... understanding of dislocation processes in these ranges of temperature and stress is of great practical importance Most heat-resistant metals, steels and alloys operate at temperatures between 0.40 and ... term on the right-hand side of Eq (4.27) In Fig 4.17 the calculated curves of the influence of temperature and stress on the Γ value are shown for two metals The probability of dislocation emission ... quantitative evaluation of the strain rate was out of the question at that time, of course As a matter of fact, the adjacent jogs of opposite signs slip along the dislocation line easily and would simply...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 6 doc
... consists of a matrix i.e of the γ phase and particles of the hardening γ phase The γ phase is a solid solution with a face-centered crystal lattice and randomly distributed different species of atoms ... lattice of type L12 (Fig 6.1) In pure Ni3 Al phase atoms of aluminum are placed at the vertices of the cubic cell and form the sublattice A Atoms of nickel are located at the centers of the faces and ... influence of the D and λ parameters, we deformed specimens of nickel by 3% and 7% at room temperature and then annealed them at 873K As a result we obtained the various average subgrain sizes and misorientations...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 7 pot
... diagonal [10¯ atoms of 1] aluminum and nickel are altered Atoms of Ni that are denoted as and of Al that are denoted as are located in the first slip plane Atoms of Ni and of Al are located in ... The value of ∆U in Eq (6.8) is close to the activation energy of generation and migration of vacancies in the ordered phase The sum of these values is known to be the energy activation of diffusion ... used the results of measurements of the particle sizes and the data of the strain rate tests 99 100 High-temperature Deformation of Superalloys Finally, the minimum strain rate of a superalloy...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 8 docx
... strength of a superalloy Methods of prediction of the properties of new superalloys are being developed on the basis of integrated databases of superalloy composition and test results The error of ... the properties of a new superalloy This approach does not take into account the physical processes The structure of alloys, solution and precipitation of phases, the influence of elements on ... influence of alloying elements upon the properties of superalloys Titanium and aluminum, when used as the γ formers, increase creep rupture stress However, the respective influence of Al and Ti...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 9 potx
... physical mechanism of strain of the investigated superalloys There exists a competition between the Orowan mechanism of bowing of the dislocations between the γ particles and the cutting of particles ... also occur when a population of a/2 < 112 > dislocations has become established and if the shear stress is sufficiently high The addition of rhenium and ruthenium and the ageing heat treatment ... H and J) The tertiary creep rate depends more upon the applied stress than on the misorientation (Fig 7.12) It is of interest to compare the shape of curves in Figs 7.12 and 7.8 The effect of...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 11 docx
... 0.3Hf The microstructure of extruded and recrystallized material consists of a solid solution and of particles of titanium carbide, TiC The particle sizes are between 200 and 500 nm Creep curves ... strength of alloys: P = T [15 + log t1% ]103 (8.1) where T is temperature of the tests, t1% is the time of 1% deformation of a specimen, 15 is an empirically determined value 149 150 Deformation of ... both sub-boundaries and subgrains increases, and the structure eventually becomes cellular 8.2 Alloys of Refractory Metals A review of the creep behavior of refractory metal alloys has been published...
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High Temperature Strain of Metals and Alloys Part 12 docx
... unpinning of dislocations, J Appl Phys 1964, 35(9), 2732–2745 26 H.J Frost, M.F Ashby, Deformation-mechanism maps, the plasticity and creep of metals and ceramic, Dartmouth College, USA and Cambridge ... equations of strain rate 95–100, 137–140 – physical mechanism of strain 96–98 – prediction of properties 106–108 – trends of development 129 v vacancies – energies of formation 46, 52 – energy of diffusion ... Substructural changes and mechanisms of strain and fracture of molybdenum during creep, Met Phys Adv Technol 1995, 15 (1), 46–54 References 53 R.W Buckman Jr, The creep behavior of refractory metal...
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Assessing the Hazard of Metals and Inorganic Metal Substances in Aquatic and Terrestrial Systems - Chapter 1 ppsx
... massive metals and insoluble sulfide and metal oxide forms 1.3 WORKSHOP PURPOSE AND GOALS The purpose of this workshop was to identify limitations in the use of PBT for hazard assessment of metals and ... in-depth discussion of the potential to assess bioavailability of metals to fish and invertebrates (Bergman and Dorward-King 1996) and which led to the development of the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) ... engaged in the study of environmental problems, management and regulation of natural resources, education, research and development, and manufacturing and distribution Specific goals of the society...
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Assessing the Hazard of Metals and Inorganic Metal Substances in Aquatic and Terrestrial Systems - Chapter 4 pptx
... risk and hazards in a variety of contexts, the EPA is currently developing a comprehensive Metals Assessment Framework and Guidance for Characterizing and Ranking Metals (EPA 2002a) Because of ... membranes of gill and other epithelia that can take up both Ca2+ and Cd2+ (Verbost et al 1987) because of similarities in their charge and ionic radius Another important aspect of metal uptake and ... Bioaccumulation of naturally occurring substances occurs along a continuum of exposure, and trace amounts of both essential and nonessential metals can be found in all biota (Cowgill 1976; Williams and Da...
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Assessing the Hazard of Metals and Inorganic Metal Substances in Aquatic and Terrestrial Systems - Chapter 5 ppsx
... bioavailability and toxicity of metals in surface waters and sediments USEPA-822-E-99-001 Washington, D.C.: U.S EPA Science Advisory Board, Of ce of Water, Of ce of Research and Development, ... the extent of binding between dissolved metals and natural organic matter It has been calibrated for a large number of cationic metals over a wide range of environmental conditions, and has been ... production of metallothioneins (Benson and Birge 1985), conversion of metals into inert granules, or a combination of these phenomena (Rainbow 2002) Data suggest the responses are often shortterm...
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