... detailed understanding ofthe underlying concepts ofthe scale (Auer et al., 2000) and explore whether the modified tool sufficiently measures the constructs ofthe original tool In the current review, ... translation and cultural adaptation ofthe MMSE impacts on the psychometric propertiesofthe new measure This will enable better comparison ofthe new measure, to other translated measures, andthe ... and detailed the development ofthe Korean MMSE (MMSE-K), its cut-offs and diagnostic validity The study took place between September and December 1989 Psychiatric patients, their families, and...
... as they pass the edge ofthe dural window (the pillars were made of hemostastic sponge wrapped by absorbable thread), and then the superficial vessels supporting the portion ofbrain run in the ... decompression, the area ofthe skull removed is small andthe room that it can provide for the expansion ofthebrain is restricted; furthermore, this procedure may lead to temporal lobe herniation and ... cranioplasty, which places them at theoretical risk ofinjury to the unprotected brain Moreover, with the skin flap concavity, the hydrodynamic disturbance of CSF circulation andthe decrease in cortical...
... conception and planning ofthe experiments, performing of all animal experiments, analysis ofthe data and writing ofthe manuscript VMH and JMT provided the anti-factor B antibody and performed the ... to ensure equal injury severity between the groups The systemic (i.p.) route of administration andthe time window of injection were selected based on the breakdown ofthe blood -brain barrier (BBB) ... different models ofbraininjury in the past [5,17,23] Most of these studies have used pharmacological approaches which led to complete "shut-down" ofthe complement system at the level where the three...
... models oftraumaticbraininjury J Neurotrauma 1994, 11:723-732 30 Hamm RJ, O'Dell DM, Pike BR, Lyeth BG: Cognitive impairment following traumaticbrain injury: the effects of pre- and post -injury ... in most ofthe GABAAR found in the hippocampus, and were chosen based on their relative abundance and their potentially important contributions in GABAAR function When the expression of these proteins ... anesthetized under 3.5% isoflurane in a carrier gas consisting of 70% N2O and 30% O2 The surgical incision was re-opened andthe animals were connected to the fluid percussion device Animals in the...
... ofthe frontal lobes; the inferior aspects ofthe frontal lobes, including the gyri recti; the cortex above and below the operculum ofthe Sylvian fissures; the temporal poles; andthe lateral and ... score of 13–15) The distribution ofthe severity ofbrain injury, as assessed by the GCS, is shown in Figure 1–8 In terms of emergency department visits and hospital admissions, the majority ofbrain ... consists of an ovoid mass of clotted blood that lies between the bone ofthe vault or the base ofthe skull andthe dura (Table 2–7) (Freytag 1963; Jamieson and Yelland 1968; Maloney and Whatmore...
... both the degree of orientation and recall of newly learned material The length of PTA is one ofthe best indicators ofthe severity ofinjuryand is a clinically useful predictor of outcome Furthermore, ... about the neuroanatomy ofthe skull, brain tissue, and blood vessels, have proved immensely helpful in assessment of extent ofbraininjuryand in following the medical sequelae oftraumaticbrain ... (DTI) is another technique that may provide refined detail concerning the integrity of WM in thebrainand permit the tracking of aggregate groups of axons and their projection within thebrain (Arfanakis...
... with no memory oftheinjury event, those who remembered theinjury but had nontraumatic memory ofthe event, and those who had a traumatic memory oftheinjury event The results of this research ... reference to the neuropsychiatric evaluation and treatment ofthe patient with traumaticbraininjury (TBI) Role ofthe Neuropsychologist In the traumatically brain- injured population, the neuropsychologist ... the trauma and a relative absence oftraumatic memories ofthe event (Bryant et al 2000; Harvey et al 2003) Turnbull et al (2001) investigated whether memory loss oftheinjury event and whether...
... patient and collateral informants Key questions: Level of physical and mental functioning pre- and postinjury Sleep pattern and duration pre- and postinjury Type and severity ofbraininjury Various ... between the severity ofthebraininjury or whiplash andthe severity of postconcussion syndrome Perhaps dysfunction or damage to brain systems allows the genesis of headache, whereas more severe injury ... lateral tilting ofthe head causes motion ofthe otoliths and bending ofthe hair cells The presence of paired structures on opposite sides ofthe head allows concurrent input of data Redundancy...
... result ofinjury (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2001) At the more serious end ofthe spectrum, injury is the cause of 150,000 deaths every year and is the leading source of death ... use and increased incidence ofbraininjuryand lethality post repeal of mandatory helmet laws The authors noted that helmet use dropped from 83% to 56%, whereas the number of fatalities andbrain ... review ofthe literature to analyze the reduction of risk for cyclists when they are wearing helmets They found that helmet use was beneficial in the reduction of head, brain, and severe brain injury...
... TBI, no previous history of seizures, coexistent stroke [32], potential hypoxic brain injury, low initial GCS andthe significant duration ofthe RSE Given her young age andthe relatively normal ... after the control of convulsive status epilepticus Epilepsia 1998, 39:833-840 30 Vespa P: Continuous EEG monitoring for thedetectionof seizures in traumaticbrain injury, infarction, and intracerebral ... Stroke and status epilepticus: stroke type, type of status epilepticus, and prognosis Seizure 2003, 12:23-27 33 Management and Prognosis of Severe TraumaticBrainInjury Part II: Early Indicators of...
... mortality SOFA and MOD 33 56% SOFA and MOD 49 41% SOFA not MOD 86 49% SOFA not MOD 40 35% MOD not SOFA 0% MOD not SOFA 85 7% Neither 120 Neither 28% MOD, Multiple Organ Dysfunction; SOFA, sequential ... Analysis of immune mediator production following traumaticbraininjury In Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure -Brain Damage Secondary to Hemorrhagic -Traumatic Shock, Sepsis, andTraumaticBrain Injury: ... patient-days) before the start ofthe study; no errors were found in the calculation of either score Patient demographics, injury details, Injury Severity Score, Abbreviated Injury Scale, and post-resuscitation...
... significant clinical data on the course ofthe head injury itself and on the potential safety and efficacy of rFVIIa in the treatment of this type ofinjury Although the present study adds to our ... for an accurate diagnosis and severity assessment ofthe head injury in the majority of these patients Therefore, to identify patients with a TBI component of their injury, we were obliged to ... is the leading cause of mortality and severe morbidity among young adults (15 to 44 years of age), with traumaticbraininjury (TBI) and uncontrolled bleeding responsible for the majority of these...
... was used for the calculation of loss of productivity for the injured and their carers [7-10] Although valuing the intangible costs ofinjury is difficult and often contentious [1], the health status ... zero pre -injury, the disparity post injury reflected the level of severity (Figure 2) In term of intangible costs, the health related quality of life ofthe patients in the first year post -injury ... in their first year post -injury The study examined costs from the perspective ofthe injured patients and their families These included direct costs associated with treatment at hospital and...
... Introduction Traumaticbraininjury (TBI) remains one ofthe leading causes of injury- related death and severe disability The management of TBI currently includes preventing further neurological ... neuroprotective propertiesof progesterone in the patients with acute severe brain trauma The effects of progesterone on neurological outcome ofthe TBI patients remain unclear The purpose ofthe present ... progesterone and in 31% ofthe placebo group (P = 0.034) There was an unfavorable outcome in 53% ofthe patients receiving progesterone and in 70% ofthe placebo group (P = 0.022) At 6-month follow-up, the...
... collected most ofthe data, drafted parts ofthe manuscript and performed graphical analysis MB helped analyzing and interpreting the data, and drafted parts ofthe manuscript SL and JS were responsible ... data collection and upkeeping ofthe databank MK, PS and RS helped to analyze and interpret the data JFS conceived the study design, collected some ofthe data, performed graphical and statistical ... especially in the patients who died Thus, we obtained the greatest statistical power within the first and second weeks The chosen blood glucose targets are overlapping Thus, the close proximity of the...