... number of sites with a posterior probability of being under positive selection > 95% and > 99%, respectively, were identified: patient A: and 4; patient B: and 1; patient C: and 3; patient D: 10 and ... of the HIV-1 env gene in a subset of LTNP subjects and documents that the CD4bs is under strong selective pressure in the replicating virus of a group of LTNPs and evolves during the course of ... selected on the basis of the slope of their CD4+T-cell counts and the level of HIV-1 viremia (Table 2) Two of them (subjects A and B) were showing a typical progression of HIV infection (TP),...
... design of this study, and led the team to well finish it SAC participated in the design of the study, the acquisition of data, the analysis/interpretation of data, and the modification of paper ... design of the study and performed the statistical analysis HZL participated in the design of the study and drafted the manuscript LWK conceived of the study, and participated in the design and coordination ... as: Lin et al.: Spatialandtemporal EEG dynamics of dual-task driving performance Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2011 8:11 • Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar...
... fermenting hexose and pentose sugars to produce hydrogen, organic acids and ethanol In this study, the temporalandspatial interactions of C obsidiansis with cellulose were visualized and compared ... calculated from, d= √ ρa (1) And then, the minimum volumetric biofilm cells density can be approximated by, ρv = ρa d (2) Results Temporalandspatial dynamics of C obsidiansis biofilm formation To visualize ... experiment The use of flat cellulose substrates coupled with sampling the biofilm structure at multiple stages of development allowed dissection of the multi-step process of biofilm formation and cellulose...
... designer with a unique degree of flexibility in terms of both spatialandtemporal behaviour Memory-optimized systems spanning from a ¢ spatial neighbourhood up to a frame spatiotemporal ¢ pixel neighbourhood ... The controller and the required line buffers form the temporal architecture An example of an architecture which has a temporal depth of n frames is depicted in Figure The structure of the line buffers ... image width and height In order to synchronise data, a FIFO buffer is implemented for each required temporal level The size of each buffer depends on the read-write pattern and the number of temporal...
... (a) and (b) show typical meander patterns with line and space widths of m and comb-like line and space widths of m, respectively Figure 16(c) and (d) shows dense μm line and space patterns of ... dependence of water contact angles of polyimide films 20 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcessesof the polyimide surfaces after UV light irradiation support this assumption, and ... effect of thermal degradation of polyimide films during UV irradiation process 18 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses Fig 13 Conceptual scheme of wettability control of the...
... mM KCl), 1µL of dNTP (10 mM), µL of each primer (100 µM), 0.5 µL of Taq-polymerase (Fastart, Roche Diagnostic), µL of MgCl2 , µL of GC-rich solution (Sigma), µL of BSA (3%) and µL of genomic DNA ... Intermediate values were found in the oak, beech and Douglas-fir stands (12.6 and 0.937; 12.3 and 0.920; 12.2 and 0.934, respectively) Twenty of the selected bands of the more common species were sequenced ... transformation of the abundance data [10] The significance of time and tree species on microbial species richness and SW diversity was tested by ANOVA using the Statistica software The banding patterns of...
... rings, and between abaxial and adaxial sides of branches; (3) the relationship between needle d13C and that of wood and cellulose taken from the same position on the branch; and (4) the temporal ... Students t-test of needle d13Cadaxial versus d13Cabaxial showing means and standard errors, number of samples and the mean difference of adaxial-abaxial needle d13C (Diffad-ab); levels of significance ... 3) of 2.00‰ m–1 for the model including the parameter needle generation, and 1.49‰ m–1 and 3.67‰ m–1 for the 1996 and 1997 needle generations, respectively 3.5 Temporal behaviour of d13C of different...
... at 35 and 90 cm deep at the 40-year stand, the 40-year boggy stand and the 140-year stand, and with manually recorded tensiometers at 20 cm deep at the 40-year NE stand, the 70-year stand and the ... crown of five harvested trees at the 70-year and at the 110-year stands and at the end of October 1994 from five trees of the 40-year, the 40-year boggy and the 40-year NE stand Nutrient content of ... made in midApril in three stands but were delayed until middle of May at the 40-year NE stand and until beginning of June at the 70-year and 110year stands Within all stands, transpiration was monitored...
... effect of thermal degradation of polyimide films during UV irradiation process 18 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses Fig 13 Conceptual scheme of wettability control of the ... dependence of water contact angles of polyimide films 20 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcessesof the polyimide surfaces after UV light irradiation support this assumption, and ... SFM images of 3,4'-ODPA /DDE and 3,4'-ODPA /3C10-PAPADA 21 22 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses Fig 18 Anticipated photochemical reactions on the surface of polyimides...
... 66 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH with θ p = sin−1 (sin θ/ n p ) in which n p stands for the average of the real parts of the two indices of ... accounts for the effects of the Fresnel refraction and 64 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH the single reflection at the surfaces of the media The detailed ... preparation of inkjet printing processes, two major design issues of microfabrication associated with precise DVD implementation will be further addressed and explained below Design issues of microfabrication...
... dependence of exp (iωt) and are omitted everywhere The relative permeability of the medium is assumed to be μ = Note that ε ij∈{ x,y,z} are defined as functions of position (x, y, z) and εij are of (x, ... (43) where n e and n o are extraordinary and ordinary indices of refraction of the birefringent liquid crystal, respectively, θo is the angle between the director and the z axis, and φo is the ... theory to the stack, all of the layers have to define the same periodicity: Λ x along the x direction and Λy along the y 72 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH...
... cases of 4-Region and 2-Region scanning backlight method, and backlight strobe method (1 Region) The crosstalk of 4R and 2R scanning backlight displays are 3.2% and 5.08% respectively, and that of ... software The detector is set at the convergent point, and the intensity profiles of the four views are shown in Fig 19 The intensity profiles are evolving every 1/240 sec, and the separation of ... moment and the following 1/120 sec., the left-image at the upper part of the screen becomes more and more image area of screen, the right-image at the lower part of the screen becomes less and less...
... direction of the light-emitting regions R(1)~R(4) is perpendicular to the 156 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses extending direction of the slits of the tracking panel Many of ... Hilton, and Volker Kruger “A survey of advances in visionbased human motion capture and analysis.” Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 104(2):90-126 (2006) J Pan and B Hu “Robust occlusion handling ... vision ofhuman beings, both binocular parallax and motion parallax are required For a multi-view autostereoscopic display system, viewers can 160 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials and Processes...
... contrast reduction 194 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses is larger than that of power loss in CSF The statistical significance of the surround luminance andspatial frequency ... proposed and their performance was observed through a set of subjective assessments The contrast 206 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses discrimination ability ofhuman observers ... subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures, Geneva, 2002 208 Featuresof Liquid Crystal Display Materials andProcesses Jameson, D and Hurvich, L M (1959) Perceived color and its dependence...
... Number of transports Tranports to Götaland (%) Svealand (%) Norrland (%) Cattle Götaland Svealand Norrland Pigs 44068 11971 5430 97 5.1 1.3 2.8 93.2 16.8 0.2 1.7 82 Götaland Svealand Norrland 16895 ... Uppsala Södermanland Östergötland Jönköping Kronoberg Kalmar Gotland Blekinge Skåne Halland Västra Götaland Värmland Örebro Västmanland Dalarna Gävleborg Västernorrland Jämtland Västerbotten ... type of production and the geographical coordinates of the holding Pig movements are reported on group level; the holding of origin and the holding of destination, the number of pigs and date of...
... andtemporal phase evaluation techniques are reviewed, and a postprocessing with spatialandtemporal phase unwrapping is described In Chapter 3, the theories of the proposed spatialandtemporal ... continuous deformation of a CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION cantilever beam and profiling of an object with height steps Furthermore, in the temporal domain, detection and compensation of phase-shifting ... extraction of instantaneous frequency and profiling of a discontinuous object Another issue also in the temporal domain is that it is difficult to evaluate the influence of phase-shifting error and...
... C (u + f , v) (2.45) where u and v denote the horizontal and vertical spatial frequencies, and C (u , v) and A(u , v) are the 2D Fourier transforms of c f ( x, y ) and a f ( x, y ), respectively ... phase relationship is random or rapidly changing, the waves at these two points are incoherent Two aspects of the general coherence are the spatialandtemporal coherence Spatial coherence describes ... aperture interferometer Temporal coherence describes the correlation of a wave with itself at different instants and is related to the finite bandwidth of the light source The temporal coherence length...
... u and ξ l denote the upper and lower limits of ξ , and η u and η l denote the upper and lower limits of η , respectively The ranges of ξ and η can be approximately estimated by the analysis of ... curvature and twist is also an important aspect in the study of out -of- plane displacement of an object (Rastogi, 1996; Chau and Zhou, 2003; Liu, 2003) In this thesis, the determination of curvature and ... trade-off is the consequence of the uncertainty principle which states that the product of the temporal duration ∆t and frequency bandwidth ∆ω 71 CHAPTER THREE DEVELOPMENT OF THEORY should be larger...