software hardware and computer storage

... Hardware and Computer Organization Hardware and Computer Organization The Software Perspective By Arnold S Berger AMSTERDAM • BOSTON ... Berger, Arnold S Hardware and computer organization : a guide for software professionals / by Arnold S Berger p cm ISBN 0-7506-7886-0 Computer organization Computer engineering Computer interfaces ... will be computer performance We will keep returning to the issues associated with the software- to -hardware interface and the implications of coding methods on the hardware and of the hardware...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:10

... Hardware and Computer Organization Hardware and Computer Organization The Software Perspective By Arnold S Berger AMSTERDAM • BOSTON ... Berger, Arnold S Hardware and computer organization : a guide for software professionals / by Arnold S Berger p cm ISBN 0-7506-7886-0 Computer organization Computer engineering Computer interfaces ... will be computer performance We will keep returning to the issues associated with the software- to -hardware interface and the implications of coding methods on the hardware and of the hardware...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... (Booleans), 0 but what does ANDing two AND 32-bit numbers mean? In AND this case, the AND operation 0 is called a bitwise AND, AND because it ANDs together the Logical Equation: 0xAA AND 0x55 = 0x00 corresponding ... time and walk through it The XOR gate has two inputs, A and B, and a single output, C Input A goes to AND gate #3 and to NOT gate #1, where it is inverted Likewise, input B goes to AND gate #4 and ... logical AND AND operation on two 32-bit numbers You already know AND from your other programming AND 0 courses that you can a logical AND operation on AND variables that evaluate to AND TRUE...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... that reprefunctions AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR sents the TRUE/FALSE conditions of a logical gate or system For each of the logical gates we’ve studied so far, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR, we’ve used ... Figure 2.19 shows the truth tables and logic symbols for a 4-input AND gate and a 3-input OR gate It is possible to find commercially available AND, NAND, OR and NOR circuits with or more inputs ... accomplished: • Learned the basic logic gates, AND, OR and NOT and saw how more complex gates, such as NAND, NOR and XOR could be derived from them, and • Learned that logic values that are dynamic,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... Operand Perform Operation Compute Operand Address Fetch Operand Compute Operand Address Figure 5.26: State sequencing in a simple microprocessor Modern Hardware Design Methodologies Mead and ... closely integrate the separate hardware and software design processes into a higher-level system view However, one remaining difference between the hardware and software development processes ... of storage capacity FLASH memories retain their information even with power removed, and are faster and more rugged than disk drives However, disk drives and tape drives still win on capacity and...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... ROW > (A0 = 0) AND (A1 = ) AND (CS = 0) AND (W = 1) • READ FROM ROW > (A0 = 1) AND (A1 = ) AND (CS = 0) AND (W = 1) 133 Chapter • • READ FROM ROW > (A0 = 0) AND (A1 = ) AND (CS = 0) AND (W = 1) ... devices All the Program code and initialization vectors Program code and initialization vectors rest of the memory in Stack and heap,variable storage variable storage Stack and heap, Figure 7.1 is ... the computer This perspective is quite different from that of someone who wants to be able to design computer hardware Our focus throughout this book has been on the understanding of the hardware...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... the data (this is called operand 1), and where to put the result (operand 2) A complete assembly language instruction must have an opcode and may have 0,1 or operands Here’s your first assembly ... simulator and debugger in a package The simulators are like a computer and debugger combined You can many of the debugger operations that you are use to, such as • peek and poke memory • examine and ... instructions and addressing modes that you understand and then begin to integrate other instructions and addressing modes when you need something more efficient, or just want to expand your repertoire...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... Instructions AND The AND instruction performs the bit-wise, logical AND For example, if = $3795AC5F and = $B6D34B9D before the instruction AND. W D0,D1 is executed, then = $3795AC5F and ... trick to remember is this: • Any hex digit AND ed with F returns the digit • Any hex digit AND ed with returns ANDI ANDI: AND immediate data Example, ANDI.B #$5A,D7 Other Logical Instructions ... that you understand how to use the pseudo-ops EQU, ORG, CRE, DC.L, DC.B, DC.W and DS.L, DS.W, DS.B, END • Understand the instructions JRS, RTS, LEA and the addressing modes, (An) and (An)+ • This...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... memory operand The registers (CS, DS, ES and SS) define the segments of memory that are immediately addressable for code, or instruction fetches (CS), data reads and writes (DS and ES) and stack-based ... Operand Mode: The operand is located in one of the or 16 bit registers Example of Register Operand Mode instructions would be: MOV MOV INC AX,DX AL,BH AX Immediate Operand Mode: The operand is ... a qualifying signal for the READ and WRITE operations and is gated through the two lower OR gates in the figure (keep thinking, “ negative logic AND gates” ) and to the ADDRESS DECODER block You...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... ADD D5,$10AA *Add D5 to $10AA and store result in $10AA Also, most arithmetic and logical operations involve operands Thus, two operands, Rn and Rm, are manipulated and the result, Rd, is returned ... below: Mnemonic AND ORR EOR BIC Definition Bitwise AND of two 32-bit operands Bitwise ORR of two 32-bit operands Bitwise Exclusive OR of two 32-bit operands Bitwise logical clear ( AND NOT) Op Mode ... instructions and addressing modes We call a computer that is built around this architecture a RISC computer, where RISC is an acronym for Reduced Instruction Set Computer The 68K and the 8086...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... the ARM architecture and its interrupt and fast interrupt request modes We also looked at software interrupts and how they were used to change the context of the processor and access the operating ... 12.1: A typical computer system The functional blocks shown synchronize the worlds inside inside of the dotted lines are the minimal requirements for a computer and outside of our computer to actually ... interrupts Interrupts So far we’ve examined the computer system in terms of the processor and memory Add a clock and this is a functional, but useless, computer On occasion, throughout the previous...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... special batteries, called standard cells, are used for this Let’s say that we just spent $500 and sent our standard cell back to the National Institute for Standards and Testing in Gaithersburg, ... has been led by Intel and AMD, and today’s 3+ gigahertz processors are the Athlons and Pentiums Both CISC and RISC can get the job done Although RISC processors are very fast and efficient, the executable ... Communication J.E Thornton, Design of a Computer: The Control Data 6600, Scott, Foresman and Company, Glenview, Ill, 1970 W.C Alexander and D.B Wortman, Static and Dynamic characteristics XPL Programs,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... the hardware can impact the performance of a computer system;  How hardware -software partitioning decisions affect performance;  Methods use to incrementally improve the performance of computer ... and outputs the cache row address of the main memory tag address As the size of the cache and the size of main memory increases, the number of bits that must be handled by the cache control hardware ... summarize and wrap-up our discussion of caches • There are two types of locality: spatial and temporal • Cache contents include data, tags, and validity bits • Spatial locality demands larger...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... sense The pilot, through the control stick and rudder pedals, sends requests to the flight control computer (or computers) and the computer adjusts the wings and tail surfaces in response to the requests ... important reasons that a software student should study computer architecture is to understand the strengths and limitations of the machine and the environment that their software will be running ... measurements and benchmarks are much more difficult to acquire and make sense of The basic reason is that embedded systems are not standard platforms the way workstations and PCs are standard Almost...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... The gate diagram is shown below: a b a NOT b NOT NOT NOT Clock in AND AND X OR D0 Q0 x AND AND Y AND OR y D1 Q1 AND AND Z AND AND 450 OR D2 Q2 z Solutions for Odd-Numbered Problems After the RESET ... Computer Engine, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications, edited by Will Moore and Wayne Luk, Oxford, UK, September 1995, p 44 B.S Landman and ... E B A AND f OR NOT F Alternative Solution Thus, in the above circuit there are three AND conditions for the heater to be turned on E A The key switch (E) must be enabled, f AND OR NOT AND h B...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... the measure we want: Computer #1 requires cycles per instruction and each clock cycle takes ns (1/1GHz) Therefore, computer #1 requires nanoseconds to execute instruction Computer #2 requires ... from the standard 481 About the Author Arnold S Berger is a Senior Lecturer in the Computing and Software Systems Department at the University of Washington-Bothell He received his BS and PhD degrees ... specialized hardware and software tools for embedded systems developers Prior to coming to the Pacific Northwest years ago, he was the Embedded Tools Marketing Manager at Advanced Micro Devices and an...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... Material” means the valuable and proprietary information content of this DVD-ROM Product including all indexes and graphic materials and software used to access, index, search and retrieve the information ... supplied by and is proprietary to Elsevier Science and/ or its affiliates, suppliers and licensors The copyright in the DVD-ROM Product belongs to Elsevier Science and/ or its affiliates, suppliers and licensors ... by Elsevier Science and/ or its affiliates, suppliers and licensors “DVD-ROM Product” means the copy of the Proprietary Material and any other material delivered on DVD-ROM and any other human-readable...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 14:20

... choices? Only hardware is necessary to make up a computer system Software alone doesn’t constitute a computer system A computer system needs both hardware and software to be complete II Understanding ... failure of a computer system depends on the proper mixture of hardware and software There are two parts to a computer system Computer software can be divided into two parts The software is the ... system and its parts to complete the paragraph Computer system Hardware Central processing unit Input/ Output software Peripheral devices Systems software Applications software Secondary memory A computer...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 20:15

... Director Hardware and Software Support Guide Chapter Supported hardware IBM Director Agent is licensed for use and supported in a large range of IBM systems and products These systems and products ... v 5.20 Update and earlier: IBM System Storage DS3006 v 5.20 Update and earlier: IBM System Storage DS4006 v IBM System Storage DS32007 v IBM System Storage DS3400 v IBM System Storage DS4000® ... Server Storage Provisioning Tool Not supported by IBM Server Storage Provisioning Tool versions 5.20 and 5.20.1 Not supported by IBM Server Storage Provisioning Tool IBM Director Hardware and Software...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:20