... result of invasion by cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica), one ofthe most notorious invasive plants of forest ecosystems ofthe southeastern UnitedStatesThe ability ofinvasive species to alter ... from Asia In Chapter 8, Hossain examines the effects of alien invasive plants on hill forest ecosystems of Bangladesh According to Hossain, in addition toinvasive understory species, the introduction ... sometimes determine the date an invasiveplant is introduced into the country or region The likelihood of invasion increases with the time since the original introduction ‘‘Minimum residence...
... same trait in single- and twin-reared lambs; i.e to determine whether the number of lambs suckling affects the variance components that act on pre-weaning growth, 2) whether applying the multiplicative ... following effects were tested: type of birth, sex ofthe lamb, year, season, age ofthe dam, age ofthe sire, and age ofthe lamb at weighing Models were fitted using the mixed procedure of SAS® ... influence on the ability ofthe ewe to rear two lambs but not on her ability to suckle a single lamb Our results for the relative importance ofthe litter effect (7 to 12%) are inthe range of...
... target of opening 35,000 rooms (excluding Motel 6) in 2012 Ofthe new rooms, 48% were opened inthe Asia-Pacific region, 28% in Europe, 14% in Latin America and 10% in Africa/Middle East The expansion ... trends The Group continued to transform its business model, with: The rapid development of its hotel base, which expanded by a total of 38,085 rooms in 2012, of which close to 11,700 inthe fourth ... dynamic of existing hotels in Europe Fast organic growth in emerging markets The strategic acquisitions of Mirvac in Australia/New Zealand and of Grupo Posadas’ hotels in Latin America Accor therefore...
... probability modeling, and a wide variety of other mathematical tools The modern use of analytic techniques to examine cost risk began inthe mid-1950s, with a series of studies examining the alarming propensity ... The Cost of Future Military Aircraft: Historical Cost Estimating Relationships and Cost Reduction Initiatives.” The purpose ofthe project is to improve the tools used to estimate the costs of ... estimated cost of an illustrative project The lowest possible value ofthe cost is $0, and moving tothe right on the x-axis increases the probability of being below each point In this case, there is...
... boomed the market in obtained the turnover of VND 39 billion just within 10 days, from the first day ofthe Lunar New Year tothe 11th day ofthe year For the meantime, it has reported the 30% increase ... 30 The three big guys inthe market themselves have been challenging violently with each other The first one, KFC was one ofthe first international players in entering into fast food market in ... Changing of lifestyles and habit (switch to fast food due to increasing busy life, less time spent cooking & eating) Increasing popularity of fitness and healthy trend; Increasing interest to healthy...
... This is exemplified inthe development of insurance practices beginning inthe 1700s and accelerating towards the end ofthe 20th century with the advent of sophisticated mathematical techniques ... demographic information about their insurees; this estimate, coupled with information about their policies, in turn allows them to estimate the amount of money they will have to pay off inthe time ... assessing risks This involves an estimation of both the uncertainty of Bernstein, 1998 - - the risk and of its impact Again, an insurance company can estimate the number of deaths in a...
... quality ofthe water leaving the cooling circuit is an increase of temperature The cooling water network should be fed by the fresh water system and recycled tothe raw water tank ofthe paper machine ... cleanliness ofthe obtained condensate is the great advantage ofthe technique However, so far no evaporation plant exists for the treatment of paper making process waters, mainly due tothe high investment ... on the operation ofthe machine, the quality of end-product and even the production costs due tothe increased use of chemicals Inthe different actions listed below, it is very important to...
... especially inthe elderly [10,11] Inthe UK, the most common strains of MRSA are EMRSA15 and EMRSA16 [12] The latter has been particularly successful in developing resistance to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin ... ‘bug-bear’ of a surgical practice: reducing the incidence of MRSA surgical site infections Annals ofthe Royal College of Surgeons of England 2006, 88(2):222-3 Gray JW, George RH: Is the incidence of ... My literature review has shown the overall scarcity of literature related to outcome of MRSA infection and inthe context of a wealth of information regarding the epidemiology, more comprehensive...
... other at risk populations in Tijuana and other border cities throughout the US-Mexico border Funding Information Figure Map of Mexico Map of Mexico Statesof origin of migrating pregnant women, Tijuana ... address the intention of these migrant women to return to their home communities, HIV surveillance is needed in these communities In our study, migration was not associated with risk of HIV acquisition; ... Ruiz-Calderon J, et al.: HIV-1 infection in a cohort of pregnant Women in Baja California, Mexico: evidenceof an emerging crisis? [ThPeC7301] Program and abstracts ofthe XV International AIDS Conference;...
... †Mixed farming: raising sheep and/or goats along with ‡ cattle Yes: means thepresenceofthe factor, No: means the absence ofthe factor biggest from the size point of view, and this affect the quality ... rate and the vaccination history The management information included the water source, the cleaning practices, the veterinary services and the workers’ farming behaviors All the farms we studied ... al The prevalence of this disease in small ruminants ranges from 27.7% to 45% [2,3], but the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Jordan is unknown The objectives of this study were to determine...
... vasodilatation during rewarming (0.5 to μg/kg/minute) If necessary, catecholamines (epinephrine, dobutamine) were administered while weaning the patient from CPB All patients left the operating theatre ... significant if the t-test’s p value was less than 0.05 Thepresenceof risk factors inthe various types of arrhythmias was analyzed using the Fisher exact test The risk factors were entered into a stepwise ... effect against arrhythmias has been attributed to estradiol which inhibits the release of inflammatory cytokines[21] Estradiol is higher in newborn girls than in boys, which may explain why, in our...
... stronger in intervention clinics Determine: the cost ofthe intervention from the perspective ofthe organization providing the PF intervention activities; the net cost (revenue minus cost of services ... limited to these five strategies A discussion of each of these tools inthe 'toolbox' will occur as an initial step inthe facilitation intervention The purpose of this discussion is to stimulate the ... trained chart auditor who is blinded to assignment of clinics to intervention or control groups The abstraction will take place at baseline, after the conclusion ofthe delayed intervention in the...
... for zoning and planning approval, and for the selection process of contractors causing delay accumulation in finishing the project leading to additional financial burdens on the client The project ... reached ofthepresenceofthe approximations types of uncertainty CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Slide No 52 Information Uncertainty in Engineering Systems (cont’d) ̈ Ignorance and Uncertainty in Nonabstracted ... System System boundaries can include: • The twenty-nine members alone, or • Including the supports, the roller and the pin, or • Including the piers and foundation CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Slide No 15...
... contract as an instrument to transfer the risk from the owner tothe contractor, the contractor risks only his fees, whereas the owner runs the risks of not having theplant at all Although there are ... ownership, financial soundness, inadequate experience, etc Inthe face of immense competition, the contractor squeezes his profit margin tothe maximum just to stay inthe business Contractors sometimes ... for zoning and planning approval, and for the selection process of contractors causing accumulated delays in finishing the project leading to additional financial burdens on the client The project...
... constructed by showing the alternatives for decision-making and associated uncertainties • The result of choosing one ofthe alternative paths inthe decision tree is the consequences ofthe decision ... The boundaries for the problem can be determined from first understanding the objectives ofthe decision-making process and using them to define the system Slide No 36 CHAPTER 3a SYSTEM DEFINITION ... defined as the detailed study ofthe system's performance requirements to ensure that the completed system achieves its intend utility tothe customer and meets the goal stated • According to...
... Each causal influence relationship is described by an arc connecting the influencing variable tothe influenced variable The influence arc has a terminating arrowhead pointing tothe influenced ... be used to update the beliefs attached to each relevant node inthe network • Interviewing a patient produces the information for the box of visiting Asia to certainty (100%) as shown in Figure ... fail the test in two cases of being non-defective and being defective The probability of failing the test can then be computed by adding the two joint probabilities as follows P (failing the test)...
... correlated) into Eq 11 satisfy the limit state Z = in Eq 11 use a numerical root-finding method Compute a new estimate ofthe design point by substituting the resulting obtained in previous step into ... reliability index substitute Eq 10 into Eq 11 satisfy the limit state Z = in Eq 11 use a numerical root-finding method Compute a new estimate ofthe design point by substituting the resulting obtained in ... Using a Nonlinear Performance Function • The derivatives inthe above table are evaluated at the failure point The failure point inthe first iteration is assumed to be the mean values of the...
... Consider Line ofthe three manufacturing lines – The three lines manufacture 20%, 30%, and 50% ofthe components, respectively – The quality assurance department ofthe producing factory determined ... Because ofthe high contribution of Line tothe defective probability, a quality assurance engineer subjected the line to further analysis – The defective probability for Line was assumed to be ... The last row ofthe table is the normalizing factor for cases where a non-defective component results from a test The factor in this case is denoted ND inthe table For example, the normalizing...
... Estimation for the Exponential Distribution (cont’d) – Recalling the definition ofthe gamma function of Eq 80, the integral inthe denominator of Eq 91 is ( +T ) r f ( |T ) = ( + r) r+ -1 - (T + ) ... obtained for these components are given in Table 27 – The parameters ofthe hazard rate functions ofthe series system composed of these components were obtained using Eqs 99a and 99b as given in ... ̈ Estimating Binomial Distribution (cont’d) – In order to obtain the Bayesian estimate for the probability p, a binomial test, in which the number of units n placed tested is fixed in advance,...