... constants To solve system (9), boundary conditions must be specified and system (9) needs to be reordered in such a way that all unknowns are taken to the left side, i.e Au ¼ Bv (10) u is a vector of ... cooling analysis is to analyze the temperature profile along the mold cavity wall by numerical simulation to improve the cooling system design In this paper, the cycle-averaged approach is used since ... the following system of equations in matrix form after taking all the nodes into consideration [18]: HT ¼ Gq (9) T is a vector containing temperatures at all the nodes and q is a vector containing...
... model has a natural factor structure with factor process π Finally, the model calibrates reasonably well to observed market data It is even possibleto calibrate the model to single-name CDS spreads ... the sequel we use the innovations approachtononlinear filtering in order to derive a representation of the martingales gn as a stochastic integral with respect to certain FM -adapted martingales ... issues related to hedging The innovations approachtononlinear filtering has been used previously by Landen (2001) in the context of default-free term-structure models Moreover, nonlinear filtering...
... References Advanced topics in classical automatic control 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Cascade control Feedforward control Ratio control Override control (auto selectors) References Common control loops 7.1 ... brief history of control and simulation 1.1 Control 1.2 Simulation 1.3 References Process control hardware fundamentals 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Controlsystem components Primary elements Final control ... this book 2.1 Controlsystem components A controlsystem is comprised of the following components: primary elements (or sensors/transmitters) controllers final control elements (usually control valves)...
... mote to the fore To be able to focus on discourse level phenomena, we will assume that the material to be dealt with by the discourse granmu~r is a sequence consisting of clauses and operators ... alternative network for clause into the grammar, in addition to the one given before ) The dominant constituents of the e-clause are stored in a register; the topic of the topic chain, as well as the ... the grammar, it is therefore advantageous to bring them under a common denominator: we define the notion sequence to be the union of list, narrative and topic chain C Expansions Under the heading...
... References Advanced topics in classical automatic control 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Cascade control Feedforward control Ratio control Override control (auto selectors) References Common control loops 7.1 ... discussion tocontrol valves 2.3 FINAL CONTROL ELEMENTS 2.3.1 31 Control valves Since process engineers tend to dedicate their time to tuning control loops, the significance of the performance of the control ... sophisticated control systems The expansion of the controls field has aided the growth of process simulation from relative obscurity to the indispensable and commonplace tool that it is today 1.1 Control...
... forced to look elsewhere for the solutions to their problems Almost all of today's executives are in agreement that the solution to the majority of corporate problems involves obtaining better control ... established to complete specific goals and objectives Furthermore, project management utilizes the systems approachto management by having functional personnel (the vertical hierarchy) assigned to a ... project is to be accomplished for an outside customer, then the project has a fourth constraint: good customer relations The reader should immediately realize that it is possibleto manage a...
... with a HMI, the neural motor controller The neural controller of the upper limb model The trajectory parameters extracted by the NS algorithm are used to drive a neural controller which activates ... as contour points (CP) for the Snake algorithm where their matching to the image contour is achieved by minimizing a cost function, defined "energy" As explained in [32], the contour is a controlled ... along the contour and nr is an unit vector perpendicular to the gradient direction The application of the described energy minimizing procedure on the N contour points extracted from the controlled...
... have to be met to build a valid mapping graph (i) All vertices of the system graph have to be mapped to processing components of the architecture graph (ii) All edges of the system graph have to ... (compare to Figure 1) This modification was mandatory for the comparison to the partitioning techniques of Wiangtong et al [9] and Kalavade and Lee [8] To the best of our knowledge, Wiangtong et ... research groups to concentrate their efforts on automating the system partitioning as much as possible For the last 15 years, system partitioning has been a research field starting with first approaches...
... users into GERAN and other services into UTRAN (ii) VU (voice UTRAN) policy: this policy acts in the opposite direction as VG and allocates voice users to UTRAN and interactive users to GERAN ... similar to the approach used for homogeneous networks in [14–16] It is assumed that packet-level QoS is stochastically assured by allocating at least the minimum effective bandwidth required to guarantee ... new or handoff arrives to an overloaded group of colocated cells) BAA reduces the bandwidth of some ongoing call(s) randomly selected in the systemto free just enough bbu to accommodate the incoming...
... positive equilibrium solutions tosystem (1.5) in RN are corresponding to the entire positive solutions of a system in the form of (1.1) Some existence results of elliptic system Δu + F1 (x,u,v) = ... positive constant times |x|2−N as x tends to infinity Equation (1.3) with λ ∈ (0,1) is said to be of sublinear type; if λ is negative, then (1.3) is said to be of singular type, and such equations ... from those in the literature The aim of this article is to develop the theory of existence of positive solutions for nonlinear elliptic systems Based on a comparison principle, using the SchauderTychonoff...
... to be bandlimited to kHz (the wavelength at this frequency is approximately 5.6 cm) To accomplish this, a 4-channel pseudo-QMF bank is employed to divide the total audible frequency range into ... (n), n = 1, 2, , N are the coefficients of the prototype FIR filter The remaining problem is how to minimize the amplitude distortion The distortion function T(z) for the filter bank is given as ... operator Because this is a convex problem, optimal cutoff frequency can always be found [24] After obtaining the optimal prototype filter, the analysis and synthesis filters are generated according to...
... order to provide a reference systemto be used as a comparative framework for other suboptimal designs, we have decided to exploit the SA algorithm SA is a very powerful heuristic tool able to find ... the total transmit power was addressed, forcing the SNIR for each user to be higher than a prefixed value In the second problem, the objective was to maximize the minimum SNIR subject to a total ... single-user detectors and a joint design of all the transmit beamvectors is carried out by the centralized manager, attempting to minimize the total transmit power This is done subject to several QoS...
... modern automotive electronic system designers to choose digital rather than analog realizations for new systems CONCEPT OF A SYSTEM Systems can often be broken down into subsystems The subsystems ... many automotive electronic systems incorporate specialized components known as sensors or actuators that enable the electronic systemto interface with the appropriate automotive mechanical systems ... internal workings of the system Furthermore, the only practical way to cover the vast range of automotive electronic systems is to limit our discussion to this socalled system level of abstraction...
... like to be as ignorant as the rest of us Chip Heath, Author Made To Stick Go out and observe Don’t just ask people what they want Divergent to convergent thinking by brainstorming Brainstorming ... Embrace constraints Use viability, feasibility, and desirability to guide design Design thinking is simply a problem solving tool Notice its not "designer" thinking THE PRODUCT DESIGN LIFECYCLE ... of 10 people recalled the last time they saw a product they just had to have, it was because of the design of the product Kelton Research Bad design gets noticed Sometimes, good design goes unoticed.*...
... generation to the next 3-2 On-chip agarose microchamber system [11-14] One approachto study network patterns (or cell-cell interactions) and the community effect of cells is to create a fully controlled ... of cell control Figure information Epigenetic information: complementary to genetic Epigenetic information: complementary to genetic information In 1999 the author moved to the Univ of Tokyo and ... As described above, if we are to understand the events in living systems at the cellular level, we need to keep in mind that epigenetic information is complementary to genetic information 3-1 Single-cell...
... wild-type toxin [13] Antibodies that prevent botulism are presumed to inhibit binding of the toxin to neurons and thereby impede entry of the toxin into the cell Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) ... challenge with toxin or bacteria (Fig 4), perhaps due to a generalized inflammatory response to aerosol challenge Efficacy was evaluated by comparing the treated group to the control group for ... formalin Histology and immunohistochemistry Formalin-fixed tissues for histology were trimmed, processed, and embedded in paraffin according to established protocols [21] Histology sections were cut...
... inhibitors fused to cholromethylketone but only partially inhibited by the AEBSF inhibitor (45%; [57,58]) Thus, it has to be taken in consideration that the efficacy of the protease inhibitors to ... respiratory inflammations mediating apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells and leading to disease progression [32,33] Specific inhibitors (in humans; protease inhibitor and in mice protease inhibitor ... for treating ALI associated with systemic inflammation [27,28] Granzymes are a family of conserved serine proteases stored within the cytotoxic granules of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) [30] There...
... responses to produce antibodies [21] Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) can internalise viral antigens and present them on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I to CD8+ T-cells to enhance ... variation to escape the host immune system Recent advances, particularly, in rapid production of human antibodies to influenza viruses will help develop new medical countermeasures tocontrol influenza ... acts to attach the virus into host cells and subsequently fuse it to cell membranes, which is essential for the virus life cycle [8] HA is synthesised as a single peptide but cleaved into HA1...
... those not related tocontrol The remaining questions were sorted into 10 classes (Lower airways symptoms, Nasal symptoms, Ocular symptoms, Oropharyngeal symptoms, Other symptoms, Activities, ... quality of life impairment The "Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test" (CARAT) project [17] aims to develop a brief self-administered tool to quantify the degree of control of ARA in adult patients ... development of asthma control questionnaires [11-13] It led to the creation of a list with all aspects related to the control of ARA Moreover, both experts and patients were asked to suggest additional...
... method to quantitate emphysema using computed tomography Chest 1988, 94(4):782-787 Parr DG, Stoel BC, Stolk J, Stockley RA: Validation of computed tomographic lung densitometry for monitoring ... acquisition Multidetector CT scans of the chest were performed following inhaled bronchodilator therapy in the supine position during a breath-hold manoeuvre as close as possibleto total lung capacity ... technique, but there is limited published evidence to support the contention that one methodological approachto CT densitometry is superior to another In particular, the majority of data have...