pico green assay showing the proliferation of cells over a 21 day culture cells were shown to increase over time and the group cultured in osteogenic medium displayed higher proliferation than the group cultured in normal medium p lt 0 05
... proliferationofcellsovera21daycultureCellswereshowntoincreaseovertimeandthegroupculturedinosteogenicmediumdisplayedhigherproliferationthanthegroupculturedinnormalmedium ... medium ( #p < 0. 05) 66 Figure 3.8: ALP activity normalized by the amount of DNA ALP showed a rise between dayand 7, peaked at dayand followed by a drop inday 14 and21 ALP in xii OST group was significantly ... compared to static culture constructs Inthe final phase, cell constructs wereculturedin bioreactor chambers which were integrated with the PEMF apparatus Control group samples werecultured in...
... cleavage, or c cleavage (for the release of Ab 40) 42), and 49 cleavage, or e cleavage, of APP The precise cleavage mechanism is unknown and data using PS1 dominant-negative aspartate mutations have ... < 0. 001 proteolytic activity [31] To test the latter hypothesis other inhibitors were also applied inthe COS-7 cell fluorescence assay, including in particular proteasome and caspase inhibitors ... show the application of this assaytothe testing of c-secretase inhibitors and PS1 mutants This assay allows for the first timethe selection of cell populations and single cells by FACS based...
... or galactosecontaining medium, and their differentiation was assessed by determining specific biochemical markers [alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and sucrase-isomaltase] andthe rate of proliferation, ... mUÆmg)1 protein) and sucraseisomaltase (2 70 ± 20 mUÆmg)1 protein) Theproliferation rate (Fig 1B) ofcellsculturedin RPMI and galactose-adapted medium markedly decreased as compared to DMEM cells, ... biological effect in vitro, by analogy with the relationship between calcium phosphate–CPP aggregation as nanoclusters andthe capacity to bind and maintain calcium ina bioavailable form The present...
... focal plane was mainly adjusted through the top ofthe cell, allowing the visualization of larger plasma membrane areas andthe identification of small membrane domains (Fig 5E–H) These data clearly ... cellswere treated with PPPP, a competitive inhibitor of ceramide glucosyltransferase and hence ofthe synthesis of complex glycolipids (Fig 1, CHOK1/PPPP) [24] Exposure ofcellsto lM PPPP in ... by scraping Samples were treated with 0.5 mL of lysis buffer containing 1 50 mM NaCl, mM EDTA, 1% Triton X- 100 , 0. 1 M Na2CO3, lgÆmL)1 aprotinin, 0.5 lgÆmL)1 leupeptin, 0. 7 lgÆmL)1 pepstatin and...
... Drennan5, and Jin Zou*1,5 Division of Materials, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 407 2, Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 500 11, ... USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 3 100 27, China Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, 900 95, USA ... temperature up to 400 K [7] and demonstrated electrical-controlled ferromagnetism On the other hand, for practical applications, it is desirable to control the distribution of Mn andto avoid the...
... adicicsip d hP adicicsip d hP adicicsip d hP atarua surapS la te adicicsip d hP la te ,adicicsip d hP la te adicicsip d hP noissucsiD adicicsip psbus ealesmad muiretcabotohP fo yticinegitnA .477-177 ... ± 90. 0 z 72 .0 ± 25 .0a 82 .0 ± 55 .0 RI + MRG a − 91 .0 ± 70. 0 61 .0 ± 90. 0 z z 02 .0 ± 05.0 62 .0 ± 64 .0aa 32 .0 ± 63 .0 52 .0 ± 55 .0 b a MRG RI + BST − *muidem erutluC 60. 0 ± 20. 0 z 42 .0 ± 42 .0 b ... adicicsip alleruetsaP fo yassA R adusuK ,S arahiM ,A arabustaM 32 8992 -09 92 ,06 ,4991 loiborciM norivnE lppA hsif rof yticinegohtap ni elor sti dna adicicsip alleruetsaP yb ekatpu norI EA oznaroT...
... s–1) were determined at predawn and midday (1 100 –1 400 GMT) to account for diurnal variations in photosynthesis in response to water deficits [32, 33] Predawn photosynthetic parameters were measured ... equation α is the absorptance by shoots (0. 83 to0. 86), as measured with an integrating sphere, 0.5 is the proportion of photons partitioned to PSII and Io is the incident irradiance The proportion ... switched off The values ofthe log of maximal fluorescence, during the dark recovery, were plotted against timeand extrapolations were made from the end ofthe relaxation curve (i.e., data points at...
... the angular distribution of diffuse PAR in stands of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss and Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) ... (more than 80% ) ofthe desired canopy species There was at least 20 m of similar habitat on all sides ofthe selected plots, and adjacent plots within a stand were separated by at least 20 m The ... canopies varies with their specific shade tolerance For example, RLRsensor was usually higher under the shade intolerant aspen and Jack pine stands as compared tothe shade tolerant spruce stands, at...
... removed The spatially measured wood property data was mapped onto a daily time step, using thetimeand distance-based data arrays A critical step inthe mapping process was the identification of ... m-3) 100 0 400 - 100 300 year (1996/97) 200 Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr year (1997/98) Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr -1 20 Jun 1 200 Aug 20 (c) 1 100 SWD - 20 900 800 - 40 700 - 60 600 density 500 - 80 Soil water deficit ... as triple superphosphate at 1 20 kg ha–1 elemental P Nitrogen was applied as urea at 100 kg ha–1 elemental N in three applications ( 40% in August, 30% in both December and March) in 19 90/ 91 and...
... other forest plantations [6, 15, 34] and may be a result ofthe increased supply of available carbon, andthehigher temperature and moisture content, factors that favour a rapid increaseinthe ... 0. 08 7.9 3.37 0.050. 11 0. 1 Ah2 10 17 1.48 22.6 60. 6 1.76 0.05 6.1 3.54 0. 10 0.12 0. 08 Bw1 17– 40 1.47 16 .0 70. 6 1 .09 0. 03 1.2 3.65 0. 25 0. 15 0.05 Bw2 40 80 1.34 22.4 71 .0 0.97 0. 02 1.1 3.75 0. 30 ... nutrient supply rates are maintained The main objective of this research was to examine the effect of harvesting and slash management on mineralization of soil organic matter ina forest soil intensively...
... significant in order to compare the spacings overtime Contrast I was defined to compare the0.5 m spacing with the 1 .0 m and 1.5 m spacings (2, -1, -1) and contrast II to compare the 1 .0 m spacing ... capacity of secondary stems to produce biomass was nearly equal to that of main stems inthe first growing season, particularly for the0.5and 1.5 m spacings for RCD andthe0.5and 1 .0 m spacings ... section ofthe crown, which also indicated a significant decrease in SLA with increasein spacing between the0.5 m spacing andthe 1 .0and 1.5 m spacings (figure 3) Specific leaf area values were...
... remaining stored owing tothe growth ofthe vegetation (uptake according to Cole equation later) as and Rapp [ 10] An easier method of calculating the NUE (specifically for forests) was proposed ... Estimation ofthe resorption index (Re) Taking into account the theoretical considerations expressed above, andin an attempt to overcome the drawbacks involved inthe calculation of resorption, the ... of each macronutrient Materials and methods 2.1 Site The description and stand characteristics study area The co-ordinates oftheand 6° 43’ W Spain) area is classified as warm FG The dominant...
... ofthe natural death ofthe apical bud during the winter, andof experimental decapitation ofthe shoot apex on Q petraea, have clearly shown that loss ofthe apical bud increases lateral branch ... andthe elongation ofthe internodes inthe subapical part ofthe shoot Apical and subapical activities constitute two distinct processes and are both under the control of environmental and internal ... depth) built under awere transparent plastic roof and containing a fertile sandy loam soil Twenty randomly chosen boxes were sown with Deschampsia cespitosa (L) Beauv seeds, andthe remaining...
... decreased initially and then increased gradually This decrease may be due to decreased water absorption by the cuttings until the functional roots were formed Grange and Loach (1983) opined that the ... content of soaked cuttings decreased initially, presumably due to high initial moisture, and later increased The root moisture content increased initially and then decreased in all the treatments ... decrease in water absorption of cuttings with time may be due to increased resistance to water influx through the cut surface as the prime carbohydrate for root initiation and development (Haissig,...