... impedance matching conditions inthe elastic- plasticregion 109 5.4.5 Test Example 5: Onageneralwaveinteractingwiththeinterfaceinthe elastic- plasticregion ... solid-solid interface of isotropic linearly elastic, as well as elastic- plastic materials, ina Lagrangian framework The methods are discussed for one dimensional as well as two dimensional settings with ... Similarly, inthe rightward wave region, the information propagates alongside the characteristic line x/t = −cR Therefore, in this region, the following characteristic equation can be considered...
... evolution of ocean waves, which apart from wind input is determined by nonlinear wave- THE INTERACTION OF OCEAN WAVES AND WIND wave interactions and dissipation due to white capping In short, in ... show the practical value of the idea of thewave effect onthe airflow, the running of awave model was required Inthe beginning of the 1980’s a spectral ocean wave model, including wave- wave interactions, ... Lagrangian The Hamiltonian for water waves, first discovered by Zakharov (1968), is useful in deriving the nonlinear wave- wave interactions THE INTERACTION OF OCEAN WAVES AND WIND 15 ina systematic way,...
... the amino acid and ATP inthe reaction path of aminoacyl-AMP formation onthe aaRSs has not been attained yet In particular, the following detailed biochemical findings onthe formation of aminoacyl-AMP ... form aminoacyl-tRNA Inthe aminoacylation reaction of class I aaRSs with aminoacyl-AMP, the 2¢-OH group of the ribose of A7 6 tRNA attacks the carbonyl carbon atom of the –Ca–(CO)–O– moiety of aminoacyl-AMP ... that, inthe aminoacylation reaction, the kcat and Km values for tRNAArgICG and tRNAArgUCU onthe Asn106 fi Ala, Phe109 fi Ala and Gln111 fi Ala mutant proteins of S cerevisiae ArgRS are the same as...
... and z¢Æ-type fragment ions, and then reacting them witha second anion that functions as a base rather than an electron donor The carboxylate anion of benzoic acid satisfies this requirement and ... spectrometer, and then allowed to react with multiply protonated peptides and proteins inthe gas phase Inthe above ion–ion reaction, the fluoranthene radical anion transfers an electron to the [M + ... for the fragments within a given ion series that differ by a single amino acid affords the mass and thus the identity of the extra residue inthe larger of the two fragments The complete amino acid...
... of time series of water surface elevation at other locations inthe computation domain, as well as in comparison of wave runup onthe island. Inthe Fig. 2b and 2c, at thewave gauges a) G6 and G9, it is seen that the solitary wave is ... Recently, the happened at December 26, 2004 Sumatra‐Andaman tsunami‐earthquake inthe Indian Ocean with 9.3‐magnitude and an epicenter off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia had ... displacement onthe computation domain. From the figure, we can see that, after the solitary wave comes to the island, thewave refraction appears due to the variation of water depth. Behind the island, the edge waves come from ...
... L/min The inlet temperature of cooling water was maintained at 14°C (T3) by a water thermostat The outlet temperature (T ) of the plate heat exchanger was also changing under the variations of the ... beneficial if and only if the increase in its thermal conductivity is accompanied by a marginal increase in viscosity when the heat exchanger operate under turbulent condition Onthe other hand, the ... 4.2% at the standard rating condition The increase in cooling capacity of the nanofluid is due to dynamic interaction of the flow field and the MWNT One of the possible causes for the considerable...
... expressed as a linear combination of the χd,n , and vice-versa, and the νd,n are linearly independent for d|n, we can conclude that the χd,n are linearly independent too, since there are the same number ... papers, the dimension of the homology of the null chain is In that case, the character is (−1)r+1 times the M¨bius function The sign depends on this o The action of Sn on P induces a canonical action ... [n], with minimal element Rn In other words, if i and j are inthe same block of a partition of Πn , then the corresponding subspace of Rn is contained in Hi,j Now consider the affine hyperplanes...
... Available online http://arthritis-research.com/content/7/1/44 cellular activation (also known as transformation), that leads to alteration in their apoptotic response, the attachment of these ... immunoglobulins Consequently, the data suggest that the local stromal environment inthe joint (and based on previous data from the group other organs as well [14]) to a large extent determines the disease ... research onthe interaction of RA-IgG and RASFs as well as other recent data, however, may change the picture It has been reported by Huizinga and colleagues that ina cohort of patients with...
... profiling Additonal data is available withthe online version of this paper Additional data file contains Tables S1-S4 and wiring diagram illustrations for Models 0-44 Table S1 gives the internal ... physical explanation by which a deleted gene regulates a second gene downstream From the expression data, each interaction ona path was annotated with its probable direction of information flow and ... and Hap4 pathways and disambiguates the role of each pathway interaction as activating (Swi4 interactions) or repressing (Sok2 interactions) downstream genes (e) The Yap6 pathway hypothesis is...
... designed the data collection and edited the manuscript AV conceived of the study and edited the manuscript Additional data files The following additional data are available withthe online version ... BTB and zinc-finger domains are marked in color Introns are not to scale LOLA variants have an invariant amino-terminal region, but different carboxyl termini Despite the differences, all these ... dataset against a database that contained 903,842 peptides derived Tress et al R162.9 Abbreviations EST: expressed sequence tag; PDB: Protein Data Bank; snoRNA: small nucleolar RNA Authors' contributions...
... 𝑧 is the solar-elevation azimuth angle measured inthe horizontal place between the normal to the vertical face of study and the south in radians and 𝐴𝑛𝑔 𝑒 is the elevation azimuth in radians ... to any location on earth, which is one of the key factors determining the solar radiation received at a site, can be defined by two parameters – the altitude angle and the azimuth angle [8] The ... walling in modern buildings [2, 14].As part of daylighting studies for a campus building located in Canada, this paper seeks to estimate the annual range of global illuminance ona south facing...
... being the higher temperature second thermal heat bath in addition to the ξ(t)-bath, while χ(t) = Onthe other hand, a catalytic chemical reaction with reactant and product concentrations far ... Brownian motion 2.1 Introduction Traditionally, the dynamical origin of Brownian motion has been elucidated withthe Hamiltonian formalism of a system of heavy particles interactingwitha bath ... Feynman’s contrivance consists of a ratchet witha spring loaded pawl at one end, while a paddle wheel at the other, and they are connected by an axle This device, also known as the Feynman ratchet,...
... thermodynamical processes, e.g corrosion, electrodeposition, adsorption, as well as surface modification and passivation, via STM measurements in electrochemical media has resulted ina radical change ... shallow depression inthe middle of the broad stripes marked by white arrows) so far explaining the structural details and differences of both phases In any case, the unidirectional modulation across ... view at the atomic level is shown at the initial and final stage of the film formation in Figs 6-8, respectively The obtained STM results suggest that the initially formed phase is not stable at any...
... need to go into the basis where MR is real and diagonal Ina basis where the charged current is flavor diagonal, the right handed neutrino mass matrix MR is diagonalized as VRT MR VR = Diag(M , M ... BAU, ηB , can be given by solving a set of flavor dependent Boltzmann equations including the decay, inverse decay, and scattering processes as well as the nonperturbative sphaleron interaction ... to the TBM structure and they cannot explain BAU at the leading order Therefore, in able to explain all above problems, one need to take into account the contributions of higher orders, or considering...
... mechanisms to deal with Cd toxicity than bean, including metalaccumulation, binding and inactivation, and oxidative stress scavenging systems The increased metal concentrations inthe tissues cause ... morphological parameters were analysed using a conventional analysis of variance, and the Newman–Keuls test at the 5% level Results Growth and Cd concentration in plant tissues Increasing the Cd concentration ... complex withthe same organic ligands as heavy metals in egg-plant This interaction at the root surface results in decreased uptake by the plant All these reports therefore indicate that important interactions...
... degradation of the antenna proteins The addition of scavengers such as histidine, DABCO, and n-propyl gallate, retarded the above damages to the antenna proteins indicating mainly 1O2 was involved ... Rajagopal et al illumination Histidine and n-propyl gallate retarded the photodegradation The sensitivity of LCHI proteins to strong illumination was Lhca2 > Lhca1 > Lhca3 > Lhca4 (Fig 4) Analysis ... phenomenon As mentioned above, in PSI submembrane fractions, PsaA was more resistant to strong light compare to PsaB PsaA was stable until h of illumination and then started degradation (Fig 4) The...
... the lane containing the reaction products of AAT-template In contrast at the 16 : DAPI/template molar ratio, DAPI inhibits synthesis of the 55-base product inthe ATT-template directed reaction ... strands of trinucleotide repeats Both A T and TÆT base-pairs appear to be necessary conditions for determining ATT-regions as the most favourable targets among all the individual strands of trinucleotide ... drugs with structural effects on singlestranded DNA and RNA The main genetic processes such as replication, transcription and translation involve individual strands of DNA and RNA, emphasizing the...
... and a- Me-Gal, as anomers of lactose and b-Me-Gal, was inthe intermediate exchange regime Thus, the configuration at the hemiacetal carbon of galactose may affect the dissociation constants By contrast, ... sieboldina agglutinin [21], the exception being the ricin B1 domain which has two sugar-binding sites inthe same molecule [22,23] Based on these structural features, R-type lectins generally contain ... spaced 50 ms Gaussian-shaped pulses for saturation with ms intervals and a total saturation time of s On- resonance irradiation of the protein was conducted at a chemical shift of –0.4 p.p.m and...
... onthe polarity of the microenvironment of the Trp residues, as well as onthe peptide conformation Both are affected upon insertion of the peptides in membranes Additionally, the membranes are ... mixture a remarkable increase inthe MPRP-C partition constant occurs, when compared withthe partition obtained with POPC This result can be related to electrostatic interactions between the Membrane ... as a cholesterolbinding domain Peptides that specifically bind to or are able to induce the formation of cholesterol-rich domains are quite rare and peculiar, and therefore attract a lot of attention...
... intermediates (e.g shikimate) that allow aromatic amino acid synthesis to occur independently of the transketolase reaction [19] Weak acid stress in yeast is acting ina fundamentally different way ... in uences of aromatic amino acid auxotrophy on weak acid resistance was initiated in response to the finding that losses of Pdr12p or of Azr1p appeared to be exerting opposite effects on acetate ... acetate resistance We then investigated the resistances of this double deletant and the corresponding Dpdr12 and Dazr1 single gene deletes to acetate and sorbate Growth on plates containing increasing...