nature of the driving forces leading to adsorption of enzymes on surfaces
Enzymes in the Environment: Activity, Ecology and Applications - Chapter 11 ppsx
... p H, the rate of water diffusion is no longer influenced by adsorption b BSA Protonation BSA adsorption on montmorillonite leads to the protonation of the ionizable carboxylic groups of the protein, ... from the study of their conformation on these surfaces The reason is that a modification toward a more disordered structure contributes to the driving forces of adsorption, since it increases the ... was made to propose a mechanism explaining both observations II NATURE OF THE DRIVING FORCES LEADING TO ADSORPTION OF ENZYMES ON SURFACES Studies on the quantity of protein adsorbed on surfaces...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Crystal structures of a bacterial 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase reveal aspects of specificity, mechanism and mode of inhibition by analogues of high-energy reaction intermediates pdf
... step of the catalytic reaction requires a general acid to donate a proton to the C1 carbon of the 1,2-enediol, whereas C2 accepts a proton from Lys184 in the conversion to RU5P The structure of the ... forms the floor of the active site The C1 of 6PG is placed near to the cofactor-binding domain with the phosphate directed to the loop between a10–a11 and the tail domain of the partner subunit There ... ordered in the ternary complex with NADP+ On the other side, the adenine forms hydrophobic interactions with Ala78 and Ala79 The hydrogen bonding of the enzyme with the adenine part of the cofactor...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Characterization and mode of action of an exopolygalacturonase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima doc
... and one large insert of 15 amino acids is present before the rst b-sheet of coil 3, which is on the edge of the pronounced substrate-binding cleft in EPG2 (Fig 2) Expression and purication The ... homogalacturonan part of the pectin molecule Hydrolysis of PGA, analysed by highperformance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), showed the initial formation of only monogalacturonic acid, with ... observed when the corresponding medium fraction was concentrated and similarly analysed Mode of action of PelB To examine its mode of action in more detail, hydrolysis products of oligogalacturonic acids...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Assembly and molecular mode of action of the Helicobacter pylori Cag type IV secretion apparatus doc
... describes the composition of the cagPAI and the properties of both conserved and unique components of the Cag-T4SS, together with potential implications for the current understanding of its mode of ... transcription of the cagP gene, probably together with a small noncoding RNA upstream of cagP [26] These observations suggest that all non-essential genes are expressed, and their organization in operons ... that might constitute the functional CagA signal recognition receptor Mechanisms of CagA translocation The molecular mechanisms of CagA translocation through the secretion apparatus are only poorly...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Structural and thermodynamic insights into the binding mode of five novel inhibitors of lumazine synthase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis pptx
... in the position of the pyrimidine ring, whereas the phosphate and phosphonate moieties occupy the same position in spite of the different conformation of the alkyl chain The positions of the ... occupy the same position One of the uorine atoms, F2, forms an additional contact with the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom of the main chain (Gly85N) The compound TS68 has the longest ... from their parallel ring positions The shifted position of the pyrimidine system, together with the small size of this group causes different interactions of the carbonyl oxygen atoms of the pyrimidine...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Substrate specificity and transport mode of the proton-dependent amino acid transporter mPAT2 potx
... substrate affinities under nonsaturating external proton concentrations is mainly a consequence of the decreased proton activity The extraordinary high affinity of protons for binding to PAT2 with less ... dependent on the actual extracellular proton concentration This argues for an ordered binding mechanism where the proton binds before the substrate enters the binding domain Proton transfer to the ... presentation, pH values are expressed as the corresponding proton concentrations (C) Apparent Km values of protons in the presence of proline (h) and L-alanine (s) as a function of the membrane...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Exo-mode of action of cellobiohydrolase Cel48C from Paenibacillus sp. BP-23 A unique type of cellulase among Bacillales ppt
... 48 h incubation under these conditions The highest rate of hydrolysis was found on ASC (4.88 mUÆmg protein)1), reaching half of the maximum reaction velocity at a concentration of 0.21% ASC Activity ... 48-h incubation of ASC and Avicel without (1, 3), or with enzyme (2, 4) Samples correspond to the supernatants of the incubated samples (1, 2) or to the insoluble fractions of the reaction mixtures ... water provided the highest efficiency The ability of Cel48C to strongly bind Avicel allowed the development of a simple batch-affinity chromatography system for purification of the cloned enzyme,...
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Báo cáo khoa học: The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) systems from Bacillus subtilis display a conserved mode of complex organization and similar substrate recognition requirements doc
... massive induction of PhoD synthesis A controversial aspect of studies into the TatAdCd system of B subtilis was the identification of a soluble substrate-binding species of TatAd in the cytoplasm [24] ... genes on the pEXT22 plasmid as described above, together with a construct comprising the TorA signal peptide fused to GFP on the pBAD24 plasmid; the data are shown in Fig 2B In control tests, TorA– ... fractions, indicating the presence of a separate TatAy complex To confirm the association of TatAy and TatCy in a complex, the peak fractions from the first column were pooled and run on a second...
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Báo cáo khoa học: The sulfur atoms of the substrate CoA and the catalytic cysteine are required for a productive mode of substrate binding in bacterial biosynthetic thiolase, a thioester-dependent enzyme doc
... oxygen atom, facilitating the nucleophilic attack of the C2 atom of Ac-CoA to the carbonyl carbon atom of the acetyl moiety of the acetylated enzyme The electrophilic reactivity of the latter atom ... In the subsequent Claisen condensation, the C2 atom of the second Ac-CoA attacks the Ac-enzyme intermediate nucleophilically; the nucleophile is generated by proton abstraction from the C2 of ... crotonyl-oxyCoA: the hydration rate of the oxoester by crotonase is 330-fold lower [15] Due to different resonance properties of the thioand oxoesters [16], the pKa of the a carbon of a thioester...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Structures and mode of membrane interaction of a short a helical lytic peptide and its diastereomer determined by NMR, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy pdf
... Characterization of the tryptophan environment using fluorescence spectroscopy More information upon the membrane environment of the peptides was obtained by recording the fluorescence emission spectra of ... to the aqueous solutions containing the peptides, blue shifts in the In this set of experiments the depth of penetration of the peptides into lipid membranes was estimated through quenching of ... related to the electrostatic attraction between the positive interface of the peptides and the negative headgroups of the phospholipids, which is expected to position the peptides closer to the membrane...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Metaphor Comprehension - A special mode of language pptx
... The goal of the context construction procedure is to provide a context information in which the GCS-TKS connections are fully interpreted, that is, more fully integrated The paper discusses the ... the conditions necessary for the strategy to be employed CONCLUSIONS The final part of the paper examines the relationship between metaphor comprehension and existing language comprehension systems ... set of processes to be developed, although the comprehension strategies may be specific to the comprehension task Rather, a metaphor input forces the comprehension system to invoke a complex control...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Peptides that bind the HIV-1 integrase and modulate its enzymatic activity – kinetic studies and mode of action pptx
... resembles that of INS [56] To convert some of these peptides into efcient antiHIV drugs, it is essential to elucidate their mode of action and their effects on the kinetic parameters of the 3Â-end ... peptide-induced dissociation of the IN multimer molecule [70] The break 320 point observed in several of the panels of Fig is the optimum point of the reaction, namely the ideal concentrations of DNA, peptide ... were subjected to the same reaction conditions but without IN in the reaction mixture, to monitor background signal Substrate control wells contained all of the reagents, except for the 3Â-processing...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Common mode of DNA binding to cold shock domains Crystal structure of hexathymidine bound to the domain-swapped form of a major cold shock protein from Bacillus caldolyticus pot
... in the course of the protein backbone at the point of transition, in the swapped dimer the overall structure of the functional units is not altered significantly as compared to the closed monomers ... that the alternative orientation of the base and sugar–phosphate backbone of the nucleotide in subsite and the formation of the alternative subsite are a consequence of the inaccessibility of Trp8 ... prevents termination and leads to transcription of cistrons on the 3¢ side of termination sites The ability of the CSP to prevent doublestrand formation in RNA may destabilize terminator stem–loops...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Contribution of a central proline in model amphipathic a-helical peptides to self-association, interaction with phospholipids, and antimicrobial mode of action ppt
... detail the effect of salt on the conformational transition from a random coil to an a-helix, the CD spectra were recorded as a function of the NaCl concentration from to 100 mm at a constant ... subsequently changes to PL*, which cannot dissociate directly to P + L and which may correspond to the insertion of the peptide into the hydrophobic region of the lipid bilayer The corresponding differential ... residue The aggregation of PFPs in buffer correlates with the ability of the peptides to cause the lysis of human red blood cells and zwitterionic liposomes In contrast, the self association of PFPs...
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Báo cáo Y học: Isolation, enzymatic properties, and mode of action of an exo-1,3-b-glucanase from Trichoderma viride doc
... shows the anomeric proton region of laminarin in buffer The large resonance peak at d 4.7 corresponds to the H2O protons Spectra and were recorded at different time intervals after addition of the ... exo-activity in the hydrolysis of 1,3-b-oligoglucosides, the subsite theory of Hiromi [46,47] was employed for construction of a subsite map for the estimation of affinities and number of subsites in the ... inversion of the anomer configuration in contrast to the barley enzymes Transglycosylating activity has been demonstrated for 1,3-b-glucanases performing hydrolysis with retention of anomeric configuration...
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Car Ownership and Mode of Transport to Work in Ireland* potx
... utility among all possible alternatives The distributional assumptions concerning the random error component εij determine the form of the model The most common assumption is that the error terms ... allowing us to consider the influence of proximity to rail connections for the first time Section II discusses previous literature in the area, both international and Irish Section III describes the ... the Appendix for discussion of alternative formulations of the travel time variable Further details on the construction of the time and cost variables are available from the authors 03 Commins-Nolan...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Mode of action of the microbial metabolite GE23077, a novel potent and selective inhibitor of bacterial RNA polymerase docx
... by the addition of DNA to mixtures containing all the other components and the indicated inhibitor; m, nucleotides and the indicated inhibitor were added to mixtures that contained all the other ... purified enzymes and known RNAP inhibitors as reference compounds Transcription initiation vs chain elongation As a first step in the elucidation of the mechanism of action of GE23077, it is crucial to ... course of RNAP inhibition was measured comparing the effect of adding GE23077 to the reaction solution either before the start of transcription or during RNA synthesis (Fig 4) Rifampicin and streptolydigin...
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Báo cáo Y học: Exploring the primary electron acceptor (QA)-site of the bacterial reaction center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides Binding mode of vitamin K derivatives pptx
... naphthoquinone at QA to the secondary ubiquinone QB and the primary donor D According to the Marcus theory the rate of electron transfer between two molecules depends on three factors: the overlap of the ... direct monitoring of the electron transfer from QA to QB in the VIS region with transient absorption spectroscopy In addition, these sub- stitutions change the driving force of the electron transfer ... pocket of the reaction center varies depending on the substitution pattern of the naphthoquinone This slightly affects the distances of QA to other cofactors involved in electron transfer reactions...
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stenersen - chemical pesticides - mode of action and toxicology (crc, 2004)
... of oxidation to the active toxicants, the oxons, is suggested as one of the mechanisms, and the level of CYP enzymes is elevated Figure 2.8 shows the effect of the herbicide atrazine on the toxicity ... Mode of action and toxicology Dose and effect The law of mass action tells us that the amount of reaction products and the velocity of a chemical reaction increase with the concentrations of the ... (Strathern, 2000) The connection between dose or concentration of the toxicant and the severity of the symptoms is fundamental in toxicology By using the law of mass action, we get the following...
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Tìm thêm: hệ việt nam nhật bản và sức hấp dẫn của tiếng nhật tại việt nam xác định các mục tiêu của chương trình xác định các nguyên tắc biên soạn khảo sát chương trình đào tạo của các đơn vị đào tạo tại nhật bản khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể xác định thời lượng học về mặt lí thuyết và thực tế tiến hành xây dựng chương trình đào tạo dành cho đối tượng không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam điều tra đối với đối tượng giảng viên và đối tượng quản lí điều tra với đối tượng sinh viên học tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ1 khảo sát thực tế giảng dạy tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam nội dung cụ thể cho từng kĩ năng ở từng cấp độ xác định mức độ đáp ứng về văn hoá và chuyên môn trong ct mở máy động cơ lồng sóc hệ số công suất cosp fi p2 đặc tuyến hiệu suất h fi p2 đặc tuyến mômen quay m fi p2 động cơ điện không đồng bộ một pha thông tin liên lạc và các dịch vụ từ bảng 3 1 ta thấy ngoài hai thành phần chủ yếu và chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là tinh bột và cacbonhydrat trong hạt gạo tẻ còn chứa đường cellulose hemicellulose chỉ tiêu chất lượng 9 tr 25