... working -age population to support the large, primarily older, dependent population Figure China’s Ratio of Working -Age to Non-Working -Age Population Ratio of working -age to non-working -age population ... entered the working ages, the population has a bulge in the middle and older working ages, and the elderly population is growing in absolute size and as a proportion of the population Chairman ... people aged 60 and over – 22% of world population World population is projected to be 3.6 times as large in 2050 as in 1950; the corresponding growth factors for those ages 60+ and those ages 80+...
... Table Sexandage effects and bSex by AgeQ interaction on absolute cerebral compartment volumes Men TIV Slope GM Slope WM Slope CSF Slope Women Sex effect ( P value) Age effect ( P value) Sex by Age ... matter; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid 904 H Lemaıtre et al / NeuroImage 26 (2005) 900–911 ˆ Table Sexandage effects and bSex by AgeQ interaction on fractional cerebral compartment volumes Men GM ... tissue images, respectively The prefixes bnQ and bmQ denote images in the stereotactic space after normalization and modulation, respectively T1 and T1T2 indices refer to mono-spectral (T1) and multi-spectral...
... River and in Table Multiple regression results including covariates, for age- adjusted mortality rates and area-weighted and toxicity weighted discharges All-Cancer mortality1 Kidney disease mortality2 ... poverty rates, and lower education levels were associated with higher mortality rates Higher mortality rates were generally associated with more urban settings, and with larger percent populations ... http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/content/11/1/9 Page of 15 Table Descriptive statistics of study variables Dependent Variable Mean Standard Deviation Total age- adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 for noncancer causes 658.3 112.2 Age- adjusted...
... market and high loss; landmine and small landholding; and low irrigation efficiency Poor access to market; high operation cost and low return; and low irrigation efficiency Water shortage, salinity, ... Land Expansion in the Mekong River Basin? Figure Mekong River Basin growth in crop-area demand vs 2000 harvested crop area (option A: populationgrowth rate declining; option B: populationgrowth ... potentials and constraints These are discussed in the next section THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATIONGROWTHAND AGRICULTURAL LAND EXPANSION IN MEKONG COUNTRIES An analysis of long-term population...
... random family effect with mean zero and variance σ2F; BxFij is the random interaction or plot effect with mean zero and variance σ2BF; and eijk is the random residual effect with mean zero and ... ring density andgrowth 180 Table II Genetic and phenotypic correlations between ring density (ARD) and radial growth (TRW and RA) at different ring number counted from the pith Standard errors ... increased and decreased in an oscillatory 10 11 12 13 14 Ring number from pith Figure Average values and standard errors for (A) tree ring width (TRW); (B) ring area (RA) and (C) average ring...
... rounded to the nearest whole percent The age- specific and age- and diagnostic category-specific MRs for total and diagnostic mortality for the common, high risk and other breed groups were constructed ... 2000 by presenting overall and cause-specific mortality rates and proportional mortality by breed The age pattern of general causes of death within several breeds/groups and the effect of gender ... retrievers, and both regular and miniature dachshunds have significantly decreased mortality rates compared to all other breeds Gender In general, for total and diagnostic mortalityand for trauma,...
... (Fukuyama, 1992) and the economic growthand efficiency that appears to sustain it We attempt to enhance the understanding of the indirect effects that democracy has on economic growth Although ... Democracy, and Economic Growth 125 influence state policy, reaping particularistic privileges that damage the overall economy Olson (1982) argues that as a democracy ages, it becomes more pluralistic and ... sector, and most economists believe that the private sector more efficiently allocates resources than the public sector Fourth, populationgrowth may inhibit economic growth When the rate of population...
... demands on areas such as education, justice and health, and encourage stable and longrun growth (Rodrik 1999, Lake and Baum 2001, Baum and Lake 2003) Opponents of democracy, other other hand, ... R J 1996 Democracy andGrowth Journal of Economic Growth, 1, 1-27 Barro, R J 2000 Inequality andGrowth in a Panel of Countries Journal of Economic Growth 5, 5-32 Baum, M and D Lake 2003 The ... applications of meta-analysis to political science (Lau 1999 and Roscoe and Jenkins 2005) and political economy (Nijkamp and Poot 2004 and Doucouliagos and Ulubasoglu 2006) Meta-analysis considers all the...
... demands on areas such as education, justice and health, and encourage stable and longrun growth (Rodrik 1999, Lake and Baum 2001, Baum and Lake 2003) Opponents of democracy, other other hand, ... R J 1996 Democracy andGrowth Journal of Economic Growth, 1, 1-27 Barro, R J 2000 Inequality andGrowth in a Panel of Countries Journal of Economic Growth 5, 5-32 Baum, M and D Lake 2003 The ... applications of meta-analysis to political science (Lau 1999 and Roscoe and Jenkins 2005) and political economy (Nijkamp and Poot 2004 and Doucouliagos and Ulubasoglu 2006) Meta-analysis considers all the...
... Association SAGE Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi) 122 International Political Science Review 27(2) ever developed (Fukuyama, 1992) and the economic growthand efficiency ... Democracy, and Economic Growth 125 influence state policy, reaping particularistic privileges that damage the overall economy Olson (1982) argues that as a democracy ages, it becomes more pluralistic and ... sector, and most economists believe that the private sector more efficiently allocates resources than the public sector Fourth, populationgrowth may inhibit economic growth When the rate of population...
... at age 20 to in 939 at age 30, in 353 at age 35, in 85 at age 40, and in 39 at age 44 The age- related risk for all chromosomal abnormalities rises from in 526 for women at age 20 to in 384 at age ... Normandy, marriages 1760–90 ( ); Hutterites, marriages before 1921 ( ); Tunis, marriages of Europeans 1840-59 ( ); Normandy, marriages 1674–1742 ( ); Norway, marriages 1874–76 ( ); Iran, village ... rates in women aged ≥ 43 and over Live birth rates were 7.4% for women 40 to 42 years of age, and only 1.1% for women ≥ 43 years Miscarriage rates were 43.1% in the younger age group and 65.2% in...
... incorrect age, by age The SNS with the oldest lower age limit (Tuenti) also has the greatest percentage of young children displaying an incorrect age By contrast, schülerVZ, which has the lowest age ... ‘under -age – as confirmed by this report Table shows the age restrictions set by each SNS and what children themselves say about the age shown on their profile.7 Base: All children aged 9-16 ... default, and that users can control who can access their full profile and be able to view their privacy settings at all times SNS should encourage and enable users so they can safely manage personal...
... (lanes and 3; protein from 16 pairs of ovaries) and mated queens (lanes and 4; protein from four pairs of ovaries) was analyzed by western blot (primary antibody: anti-SiVgR sera in lanes andand ... three Vgs (Vg1, -2 and -3) have been discovered in fire ants Vg1 is expressed in all life stages and castes, whereas Vg2 and Vg3 genes are expressed only in reproductive queens and their expression ... throughout the oocyte during the previtellogenic stages (stages 1–7) and increases remarkably at the oocyte membrane during the vitellogenic stages (stages 8–10) [45] Similar results were found in...
... analysis of ligand binding to C-LytA (A) Conformational changes induced by ligands on C-LytA monitored by near-UV CD with no ligand added (—) and upon addition of ligands: s, d, 2.5 and 20 mM choline; ... growthand viability Fig Effect of choline and analogs on the activity of cell wall lytic enzymes Data are shown as percentage of activity with respect to nonligated enzyme, and are the average ... 10 Experimental conditions depended on the enzyme, and were set as follows: 37 °C and pH 6.9 for LytA; 30 °C and pH 6.0 for LytC; and 30 °C and pH 6.9 for Pce The specific activities of the enzymes...
... production and concentrations of cyclin D1, Rb and Egr-1, in order to determine how the incorporation of EPA and DHA modulate SMC proliferation This article describes the differing effects of n-3 and ... Green PCR core reagents with ng of of the first-strand cDNA and 300 nM primers Amplification was performed on an iCycler (Bio-Rad), according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and cycle parameters ... with the )973 bp cyclin D1 gene promoter and either the dominant-positive or the dominant-negative Ras and Raf mutants, and the effects of incorporated n-6 and n-3 PUFAs were explored in cells treated...
... social trust and economic performance and thus to contribute to a deeper understanding of economic growthand social trust To achieve this goal the analysis is based on a panel dataset and thus more ... social trust and economic growth To shed more light on how social trust might influence economic growth, the relationship between social trust and human capital and social trust and legal quality ... promotes economic growthand is not just a consequence of it Bjørnskov (2009a) provides an overview of the existing literature about social trust and economic growth in the “Handbook of Social...
... of 1945, and a number of firms were already engaged in the manufacture and sale of computers by 1950 And yet, as late as 1956 Howard Aiken, a brilliant physics instructor at Harvard and one of ... Information Technology, and the Internet and World Wide Web in particular, are going to transform the role of travel agents, and doubtless sharply reduce the size of the travel agent industry, unless ... consumer needs and preferences in particular specialised markets, and a speedy and imaginative approach to how these needs might be catered to in a more efficient, but also a more attractive and more...
... (1980), Dye and Feiock (1995), Mullen and Williams (1994), Romans and Subrahmanyam (1979), and Holcombe and Lacomb (2004) 54 State Income Taxes and Economic Growth The tax price concept suggests ... advantage in attracting populationand investment, thus achieving higher rates of economic growth States in the Rust Belt were at a disadvantage due to the heavy concentration of agricultural and ... Mofidi, A., and Stone J A (1990) “Do State and Local Taxes Affect Economic Growth? ” Review of Economics and Statistics 72 (4): 686–91 Mullen, J K., and Williams, M (1994) “Marginal Tax Rates and State...
... output growth (gy) was driven by populationgrowth (gL), investment (gK) and land growth (gT) and increases in overall productivity (gf) Therefore: gy = gL, gT ) (gf , gK , Smith argued that growth ... Faria (1994) “Money and Growth: From a QuasiNeoclassical Standpoint”, Revista Brasieira de Economia, Vol 48, pp 529-550 Andres J and I Hernando (1997) Does inflation harm Economic Growth? Evidence ... 45, No.4 Ghosh, A and S Philips (1998) Inflation, Disinflation, and Growth, IMF Working Paper 47 Gillman, M., M Harris and M Laszlo (2002) Inflation and Growth: Some Theory and Evidence, Central...
... Collier Book J Benhabib and M Spiegel, 2005, ‘Human Capital and Technology Diffusion,’ in P Aghion and S Durlauf, eds, Handbook of Economic Growth, Elsevier, North-Holland M Bils and P Klenow, 2000, ... Riel Miller, Xperidox Cisco Public Education and Economic Growth Section 1—Education and Economic Growth The relationship between economic growthand education has been one of the central threads ... whole and, in most cases, the standard measure of economic growth in terms of GDP Once again, most studies find evidence of higher GDP growth in countries where the population has, on average,...