... with no intention of infringement ofthe trademark The information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis, without warranty While every precaution has been taken inthe preparation of this ... Reception and Transmission Examines the packet reception and transmission components of em(4), the Intel PCI Gigabit Ethernet adapter driver Welcome Aboard! I hope you find this book useful and ... Baldwin has been working on various portions ofthe FreeBSD operating system for 12 years His main areas of interest include SMP, PCI, ACPI, and support for x86 He has served as a member of both the...
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... information So, the main focus of this section is on these scheduling algorithms We made the choice ofthe main algorithms found inthe literature and we distinguished them among the scheduling ... scheduling works are focused on downlink scheduling, others on uplink scheduling, and others on both scheduling (downlink and uplink) The Figure shows the general classification of WiMAX scheduling ... Station (downlink and uplink traffic) The Figure shows the packets scheduling inthe Base Station (BS) andinthe Subscriber Station (SS) (Ma, 2009) Fig Packet scheduling inthe BS andin the...
... distribute the bandwidth allocation from the BS among its connections The scheduling algorithm at the SS needs to decide onthe allocation of bandwidth among its connections The scheduling algorithm ... BS sorts the SC of all the connections and assigns bandwidth according to the descending order of SC SC is derived according to the buffer occupancy and waiting time of each connection If a malicious ... requirement ofthe rtVR, grouping multiple rtVR connections into one queue fails to guarantee the minimum bandwidth requirement of each individual rtVR connection For example, one rtVR connection with...
... one andthewater flow is equally split between them? Having in mind that the tap has to prevent the overflow of either ofthe two small basins, it is easy to understand that, inthepresenceof ... measure the link conditions It follows that without an information exchange between the PoA andthe UE, the RAT choice made by the UE (in case of UE initiated connection) could be wrong, owing to ... associated with k inthe whole band is equal to the sum ofthe ergodic capacities corresponding to both bands I and P A For instance, the part ofthe capacity corresponding to the protected band P A is...
... defined inthe standard Scheduling In WiMAX, the scheduling mechanism consists of determinating the information element (IE) sent inthe UL MAP message that indicates the amount ofthe allocated bandwidth, ... limiting, but for reasons of clarity and simplification ofthe presentation Considering the permutation BAMC × 6, the format ofthe OFDMA slot is data subcarriers of OFDM symbols The total number of ... that corresponds to the mapping of fields inthe MSDU (for example mapping the couple composed ofthe destination IP address andthe TOS field) inthe CID andthe SFID The mapping process associates...
... messages They specify the control information for the downlink and uplink subframes respectively Inthe UL-Map, there is data or information element indicating whether there are transmission opportunities ... sends a bandwidth request for transmitting its data in one ofthe transmission opportunities within the request interval ofthe uplink subframe Upon receiving the bandwidth requests, the BS then ... time will include the time period from its arrival until the start ofthe request interval where the backoff ofthe first attempt is initiated, and its backoff process from the beginning ofthe first...
... require the coordination of a wide range of elements in a networking system The implementation of these features is far beyond the definition] of IEEE 802.16, since this only adds to the physical ... to the Connection Admission Control (CAC) located inthe BS The CAC is responsible for accepting or rejecting a connectivity request Its decisions are based onthe QoS parameters contained inthe ... corresponds to obtaining the uplink UCD (Uplink Channel Description) messages and UL-MAP (Uplink MAP) The UCD describes the physical characteristics ofthe uplink channel andthe UL-MAP contains the...
... knowledge ofthe behaviour ofthe air interface Key performance indicators include spectral efficiency, robustness ofthe codes and modulations, influence ofthe HPA non linearity and so on Usually ... a description of ns-2 and Matlab integration using Link-To-System (L2S) mapping can be found Additionally information on simulator configuration is given In Section authors present the results ... version ofthe algorithm proposed in [41] Complete Sharing Admission Control is a parameter based admission control making admission decision based onthe declarations provided by arriving connections...
... existent data connections within the agreed QoS characteristics The novel 250 Quality of Service and Resource Allocation in WiMAX admission and congestion control scheme, introduced inthe paper, ... maintaining full compatibility with IEEE802.16/WiMAX specifications The exact gain is dependent upon initial system configuration and selection of WiMAX user parameters In addition, simulation ... following and implementing these state -of the arts for advanced care services, such as from conventional PC archive records to the video conferencing suggested for online surgery monitoring The...
... partitions B and C, Constrained Intra Prediction (CIP) should be set inthe codec configuration (Dhondt et al., 2007) to make partition-B independent of partition-C By setting this option, partition-B ... “Dynamic Admission and Congestion Control for Real-time Traffic in IEEE 802.11e Wireless LANs” 2006 IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications, ISBN: ... guard against multi-path interference The sub-carriers inherent in OFDM were adapted for multi-user usage by means of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), allowing subsets of the...
... With the past surge ofthe commercialization ofthe Internet, the continuing expansion of wireless services, andthe increasing usage of multimedia applications, communication traffic demand has ... Allocation in WiMAX Fig 5.2 Architecture ofthe degrading concealment interleaving system Combining interleaving with encryption and watermark, instead of adding a stand-alone device, represents brand ... interleaving length at any time, a memory for storing information during interleaving and mappings between information types, operating conditions, and interleaving lengths 314 Quality of Service and...
... channel conditions Conclusion By considering the findings inthe preliminary investigation, SNR is considered as the main QoS metric at the PHY layer to determine the appropriate sensing time ... and coding scheme (MCS), Ns is the number of subcarriers in a subband, and SNRi is the ratio of signal to interference and noise onthe ith subcarrier Knowing the target PRR (PRRT ) andthe instantaneous ... MAC scheduling is considered optimal in terms ofthe sufficient sensing time andthe time slot allocation Inthe next section, we will provide more insights ofthe sensing mechanisms and PRR-based...
... Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking andthe values ofthe power constraints Recently, the impact of channel state information (CSI) and power allocation on rates of transmission over ... expressions in (B.1) are for the direct transmission between the source and destination, and direct transmission between the source and relay, respectively Therefore, as inthe proof of Theorem 1, the ... relay, and destination nodes not have prior knowledge ofthe realizations ofthe fading coefficients The transmission is conducted in two phases: network training phase in which the fading coefficients...
... obtain that 2γ20 P ≥ is a sufficient condition for the function onthe left hand side ofthe first constraint in (11) to be quasiconcave in (r, PR2 ) Therefore, the problem in (11) is quasiconcave in ... as the achievable rate region ofthe overall system is the convex hull ofthe regions obtained by each combination of relaying strategies, time sharing between different combinations of relaying ... the second argument ofthe function is the value of PR1 that makes the two arguments ofthe function inthe objective function of (8) equal 3.3 Amplify -and- forward Inthe case of amplify -and- forward...
... information So, the main focus of this section is on these scheduling algorithms We made the choice ofthe main algorithms found inthe literature and we distinguished them among the scheduling ... scheduling works are focused on downlink scheduling, others on uplink scheduling, and others on both scheduling (downlink and uplink) The Figure shows the general classification of WiMAX scheduling ... Station (downlink and uplink traffic) The Figure shows the packets scheduling inthe Base Station (BS) andinthe Subscriber Station (SS) (Ma, 2009) Fig Packet scheduling inthe BS andin the...
... As inthe standard OLS, the identi…cation of our main coe¢ cient ( ) relies onthe assumption of orthogonality between the interaction term andthe residual Available credit inthe economy expands ... measured inthe initial year ofthe trade relationship t0 Inthe Cox PH model, the inclusion of …xed e¤ects results in a shift ofthe baseline hazard function The country …xed e¤ects ( c ) control ... endowment ofthe exporting country This framework therefore allows us to examine the role of …nance inthe wider context of resource allocation.3 Second, the paper contributes to the literature on the...
... user is confined by the minimum SINR ofthe two kinds of time slots To get the balance inthe two slots, the introduction ofthe third item is necessary The squared term inthe expression grows ... N is the set of players, Pi and ui are the action profile andthe utility function of player i, i = 1,2, , N According to these theorems, we can give the proof ofthe existence of NE inthe game ... Md non-cooperative users andthe K relays which conflict with each other shown in Equations andThe action profile: the transmitting strategy of each player The set of utility functions: an income...
... MB-OFDM The conventional MB-OFDM uses only one band among the three in a band group at each symbol time However, the synchronization of devices in a piconet can make it possible to use three bands ... TFC3 and TFC4, and 0, at TFC8, TFC9, and TFC10 b The use of three shifted TFCs brings thegainofthe frequency diversity Each device inthe MU MB-OFDM uses the same transmit power as inthe conventional ... at maximum inthe standard MB-OFDM We compare the throughput ofthe proposed MU MB-OFDM with that ofthe standard MB-OFDM Then, we measure the ratio of redundant MASs andthe number of blocked...
... than half ofthe packet size, we actually worsen the overall execution time Considering the above, the inclusion ofthe processing time andofthe packet size in future versions ofthe algorithm ... implementation depends onthe profile ofthe accesses between the hardware units, onthe organization ofthe segments, andonthe assignment ofthe units to the segments The idea inthe present paper ... point (solution) and advances to the one giving the biggest gainThe algorithm has an additional parameter, the number of attempts, #a , which tells the number of randomly chosen starting points...