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identify the architectural drivers chapter 7

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 16 :Physical Layout of the Kernel Source ppt

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 16 :Physical Layout of the Kernel Source ppt

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... to compare the two directories (both included in the uClinux tree) The net directory The net directory in the Linux file hierarchy is the repository for the socket abstraction and the network ... requirements Still, the most generic char and block drivers are found in drivers/ char and drivers/ block, so we'll start by visiting those two drivers/ char The drivers/ char directory is perhaps the most ... at compile time drivers/ sound Like drivers/ scsi and drivers/ net, this directory includes all the drivers for sound cards The contents of the directory are somewhat similar to the SCSI directory:...
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Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 2 pptx

Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 2 pptx

Kỹ năng đọc tiếng Anh

... knew that dolls could things, they would make them work So, perhaps, they have promised each other to keep it a secret If you stay in the room, Emily will just sit there and stare; but if you go ... "le pere" meant "the father," and "la mere" meant "the mother." Miss Minchin glanced toward her scrutinizingly "You look rather cross, Sara," she said "I am sorry you not like the idea of learning ... lessons are over you must make each other's acquaintance." The pupils bowed ceremoniously, and Sara made a little curtsy, and then they sat down and looked at each other again "Sara," said Miss Minchin...
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Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 3 doc

Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 3 doc

Kỹ năng đọc tiếng Anh

... her on tiptoe along the passage They made not the least noise until they reached the door Then Sara suddenly turned the handle, and threw it wide open Its opening revealed the room quite neat ... aren't you?" Sara looked out of the window into the dingy square, where the sparrows were hopping and twittering on the wet, iron railings and the sooty branches of the trees She reflected a few ... hour as the one she spent with the queer new pupil before they heard the lunch-bell ring and were obliged to go downstairs Sara sat upon the hearth-rug and told her strange things She sat rather...
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Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 4 doc

Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 4 doc

Kỹ năng đọc tiếng Anh

... them it wafts the scent of them into the air and everybody always breathes it, because the soft wind is always blowing And little children run about in the lily fields and gather armfuls of them, ... wreaths And the streets are shining And people are never tired, however far they walk They can float anywhere they like And there are walls made of pearl and gold all round the city, but they are ... scraped their knees, she ran and helped them up and patted them, or found in her pocket a bonbon or some other article of a soothing nature She never pushed them out of her way or alluded to their...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 1 :An Introduction to Device Drivers ppt

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 1 :An Introduction to Device Drivers ppt

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... independent of the devices attached to the SCSI cable Other classes of device drivers have been added to the kernel in recent times, including USB drivers, FireWire drivers, and I2O drivers In the same ... the mapping of file operations to the SCSI communication protocol) The driver writer has to implement the mapping between the SCSI abstraction and the physical cable This mapping depends on the ... needs The driver should deal with making the hardware available, leaving all the issues about how to use the hardware to the applications A driver, then, is flexible if it offers access to the...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 2 : Building and Running Modules pptx

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 2 : Building and Running Modules pptx

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... only to the kernel, and the only functions it can call are the ones exported by the kernel; there are no libraries to link to The printk function used in hello.c earlier, for example, is the version ... this chapter. [7] [7] Most versions of insmod (but not all of them) export all non-static symbols if they find no specific instruction in the module; that's why it's wise to declare as static all the ... Either version of the macro will make the given symbol available outside the module; the second version (EXPORT_SYMBOL_NOVERS) exports the symbol with no versioning information (described in Chapter...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 3: Char Drivers docx

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 3: Char Drivers docx

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... driver The kernel uses the major number at open time to dispatch execution to the appropriate driver The minor number is used only by the driver specified by the major number; other parts of the ... char *name); The arguments are the major number being released and the name of the associated device The kernel compares the name to the registered name for that number, if any: if they differ, ... interested in the reasoning behind the code There's no need to include the header explicitly in the drivers, however, because does it for you The following macros and functions are the operations...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 4 : Debugging Techniques pptx

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 4 : Debugging Techniques pptx

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... however, you still need the setlevel tool It should now be apparent why the hello.c sample had the markers; they are there to make sure that the messages appear on the console Linux allows ... like the read implementation does for other files Other output values are *eof and *start eof is a simple flag, but the use of the start value is somewhat more complicated The main problem with the ... returned in the first call, start could be set to The next call will provide that same value as the offset; the driver then knows to start returning data from the sixth structure in the array This...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 5 : Enhanced Char Driver Operations pptx

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 5 : Enhanced Char Driver Operations pptx

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... into toward the end of the chapter The scull source exploits the bitfields in the ioctl number to check the arguments before the switch: int err = 0, tmp; int ret = 0; /* * extract the type and ... cleared We'll look at the role of the flag later in this chapter Note that the flag can also be changed by the fcntl system call, using the F_SETFL command The last item in the list introduced ... other data Using a pointer is the way to pass arbitrary data to the ioctl call; the device will then be able to exchange any amount of data with user space The ioctl driver method, on the other...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 6 : Flow of Time pptx

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 6 : Flow of Time pptx

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... since they run in interrupt time) The output from /proc/jiqtasklet looks like this: time 45 472 377 delta interrupt pid cpu command 8904 head 45 472 378 1 0 swapper 45 472 379 1 0 swapper 45 472 380 ... 6016 87 0 keventd In this output, the time field is the value of jiffies when the task is run, delta is the change in jiffies since the last time the task ran, interrupt is the output of the in_interrupt ... like the following: time delta interrupt pid cpu command /* sleep 6016 87 0 keventd 6016 87 0 keventd 6016 87 0 keventd 6016 87 0 keventd 6016 87 0 keventd 6016 87 0 keventd 6016 87 0 keventd 6016 87 0...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 7 : Getting Hold of Memory doc

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 7 : Getting Hold of Memory doc

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... to the name of the type of structure that will be cached The maximum length for the name is 20 characters, including the trailing terminator The offset is the offset of the first object in the ... initialization of the zone resides in platform-specific files, usually in mm/init.c within the archtree We'll revisit these topics in Chapter 13, "mmap and DMA" The Size Argument The kernel manages the system's ... change as it did in the 2.1.38 kernel -without affecting the interface seen by the rest of the kernel The one thing driver developers should keep in mind, though, is that the kernel can allocate...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 8 :Hardware Management docx

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 8 :Hardware Management docx

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... ports for the first parallel interface at 0x 378 , and for the second at 0x 278 The first port is a bidirectional data register; it connects directly to pins through on the physical connector The second ... where they persist only while the device is powered on Either way, for software to access I/O memory, there must be a way to assign a virtual address to the device This is the role of the ioremap ... addresses, and the kernel hides the details from the driver in order to ease portability The Linux kernel headers (specifically, the architecture-dependent header ) define the following...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 9 :Interrupt Handling Although doc

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 9 :Interrupt Handling Although doc

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... 50588804. 876 653 50588804. 876 693 50588804. 876 720 50588804. 876 7 47 50588804. 876 774 The actual timings that you will see will vary, of course, depending on your particular system Interrupt Sharing The ... specific kernel drivers There are no entry points in them for a module, and it wouldn't make sense for there to be any The list of these other bottom halves is steadily shrinking as the drivers are ... When the first four bits of a packet are transmitted by the initiator (the interface sending the packet), the clock line is raised, causing the receiving interface to interrupt the processor The...
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Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 10 :Judicious Use of Data Types doc

Tài liệu Linux Device Drivers-Chapter 10 :Judicious Use of Data Types doc

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... because the normal C data types are not the same size on all architectures To show the data size of the various C types, the datasize program has been included in the sample files provided on the ... version 1.1. 67, the developers couldn't change existing data structures to the new types because the compiler issues a warning when there is a type mismatch between the structure field and the value ... pointer to the value to be converted rather than the value itself See the include file for the rest Not all Linux versions defined all the macros that deal with byte ordering In particular, the linux/byteorderdirectory...
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Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học- -THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 5 doc

Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học- -THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 5 doc

Kỹ năng đọc tiếng Anh

... was standin' in the street with the crowd outside Covin' Garden, watchin' the swells go inter the operer An' there was one everyone stared at most They ses to each other, `That's the princess.' ... small drudge before the grate swept the hearth once and then swept it again Having done it twice, she did it three times; and, as she was doing it the third time, the sound of the story so lured ... said "The Princess sat on the white rock and watched them." It was a wonderful story about a princess who was loved by a Prince Merman, and went to live with him in shining caves under the sea The...
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Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 6 ppt

Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 6 ppt

Kỹ năng đọc tiếng Anh

... Lessons for the day were over, and they were sitting before the schoolroom fire, enjoying the time they liked best It was the time when Miss Minchin and Miss Amelia were taking their tea in the sitting ... be confessed they usually did When they made an uproar the older girls usually interfered with scolding and shakes They were expected to keep order, and there was danger that if they did not, ... sympathy with her opponent She saw now that they were pricking up their ears interestedly The truth was, they liked princesses, and they all hoped they might hear something more definite about...
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Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 7 pdf

Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 7 pdf

Kỹ năng đọc tiếng Anh

... out of theirs; the older ones wasted no time in deserting theirs There was a rush toward the boxes Sara had bent over one of them with a delighted face "These are books, I know," she said The little ... enjoy yourselves." The instant she had swept out of the room the spell her presence always had upon them was broken The door had scarcely closed before every seat was empty The little girls jumped ... letting me take the liberty." Miss Minchin waved her hand again this time it was in the direction of the corner near the door "Go and stand there," she commanded "Not too near the young ladies."...
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Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 8 pdf

Tài liệu luyện đọc tiếng anh qua các tác phẩm văn học--THE LITTLE PRINCESS Chapter 8 pdf

Kỹ năng đọc tiếng Anh

... holes in them and was sent out to buy groceries and carry them through the streets in a basket on her arm when the cook wanted them in a hurry, they felt rather as if, when they spoke to her, they ... spent in the garret, she had felt a vague comfort in knowing that on the other side of the wall in which the rats scuffled and squeaked there was another young human creature And during the nights ... between them When they met by chance Sara looked the other way, and Ermengarde felt too stiff and embarrassed to speak Sometimes they nodded to each other in passing, but there were times when they...
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