... tabernaemontani >90 S lacustris >90 Species Shoot Elongation None None None None None None None None None None Occasional None None None Frequent Frequent Frequent Frequent Frequent Frequent Note: Species ... carbon supplement (Constable and Longstreth 1994) Root Adaptations Besides the formation of aerenchyma, wetland plants may undergo other root changes in response to flooded conditions Among these ... Adaptations to Growth Conditions in Wetlands I Introduction The greatest difference between wetland and upland plants is the ability of rooted wetland plants to survive in saturated soil In addition,...
... K = maturation rate; TI = age at inflection; FC = feed consumption between wk and 10 wk; FCR = feed conversion ratio between wk and 10 wk; RES = residual feed consumption between wk and 10 wk Least ... and weeks, which was considered as a period of habituation to the cage The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was therefore individually determined only between and 10 weeks Residual feed consumption ... sire per pen), corresponding to usual selection conditions In the last environment (E), animals were reared under production conditions, i.e indoors in floor pens until weeks, and with access to...
... Adaptations at the proteome level Post-translational molecular adaptations in thermophiles Secondary effects of selection information Genome Biology 2004, 5:117 interactions A significant complication ... composition bias affects amino acid content in proteins coded by animal mitochondria J Mol Evol 1997, 44:282-288 44 Knight RD, Freeland SJ, Landweber LF: A simple model based on mutation and selection ... instance, Galtier and Lobry [2] demonstrated that there is a significant correlation between the G+C content of structural RNAs and growth temperature, and that the high G+C content was concentrated...
... geographic distributionand abundance of species (David et al, 1983; Parsons, 1983; Hoffmann and Parsons, 1991) Among more than 20 species that now exhibit a cosmopolitan status, only (D melanogaster and ... Jong G (1990) Quantitative genetics of reaction norms J Evol Biol 3, 447-468 Falconer DS (1990) Selection in different environments: effects on environmental sensitivity (reaction norm) andon ... differences and sex interactions with other factors In this section we consider correlations between sexes at the same temperature, and also the female/male ratio Male-female correlations can only be...
... (Ed.), Estonian wetlands andtheir life, Estonian contributions to the IBP, Valgus, Tallinn, 1974, pp 160–182 [86] Vose J.M., Allen H.L., Leaf area, stemwood growth, and nutrition relationships ... Niinemets and A Lukjanova Figure Effects of Qint on the distribution characteristics of the length of current year shoots (A, B), on the bifurcation ratio (C, Eqs (2–4), figure 2), and the partitioning ... regressions as depicted in A Nutrient and light effects on canopy architecture in Pinus 203 Table I Needle morphological characteristics, and nitrogen and carbon contents (average ± SE) in relation...
... (x-direction) Gaseous species involved are respectively H , H 2Ovap and CO at the anode and O2 , H 2Ovap and N at the cathode Theirdistribution in the GDLs are computed with the species conservation ... since the latter depends only on the relative humidity andon the temperature as given by equation (23) (the saturation pressure depends on temperature only and not on total pressure): (23) P2in ... decreases along the channel due to oxygen consumption and because the water content in the CL increases due to water production inherent to the cell’s operation This decrease of oxygen concentration results...
... Madagascar and Tunisia; on enforcing a contract in Iran and Tunisia; on closing a business in Serbia and Montenegro; andon firing workers in South Africa The corrections are immediately reflected on the ... less time and money on dealing with regulations and chasing after scarce sources of finance (figure 1.7) Instead, they spend their energies on producing and marketing their goods Second, the government ... professionals experienced in their fields—such as incorporation lawyers and consultants for business entry, litigation lawyers and judges for contract enforcement, officials in land registries and...
... Madagascar and Tunisia; on enforcing a contract in Iran and Tunisia; on closing a business in Serbia and Montenegro; andon firing workers in South Africa The corrections are immediately reflected on the ... less time and money on dealing with regulations and chasing after scarce sources of finance (figure 1.7) Instead, they spend their energies on producing and marketing their goods Second, the government ... professionals experienced in their fields—such as incorporation lawyers and consultants for business entry, litigation lawyers and judges for contract enforcement, officials in land registries and...
... equation were used Generally volume equations based on height and DBH or more functions give more accurate results than those based on only one function (DBH) and are less vulnerable to variation ... review and field data collection, the wood production potential of two rubber clones in northeastern and eastern Thailand in relation to environmental conditions and to study the characteristics ... Sankarn and Mr and Mrs Arlapol in Pak Khat, Nong Khai and Mrs Pa Noom Thurtong in Lad Krating for information, hospitality and for letting me conduct field inventories in their rubber plantations...
... and HSQC experiments Based ontheir 1H and 13C chemical shifts (Table 1), coupling constants and comparison with the literature values [24], residues b and c were assigned a gluco configuration ... lower dilutions of the LPS standard and in order to confirm the CE-ES-MS assignments, tandem MS was used for the precursor ions at m/z 663.3 and m/z 662.3, corresponding to the mass of one trisaccharide ... (aspA) of Aeromonas salmonicida Ssp Salmonicida FEMS Microbiol Lett 78, 65–71 Hirono, I & Aoki, T (1993) Cloning and characterization of three hemolysin genes from Aeromonas salmonicida Microb...
... amplication and cloning studies HpAKR was cloned into E coli DH5a, and the pETHp1193 construct containing the inserted gene was transformed into E coli BL21(DE3)plysS for overexpression The His-tag ... reductases and steroid dehydrogenases, HpAKR exhibited little or no activity with sugar or steroid substrates, including testosterone, oestrogen, cortisone, and progesterone Stability and effects ... 2-aldehyde and sodium valproate concentrations, respectively, was not applicable in this case As shown in Fig 4A, the curves at different sodium valproate concentrations demonstrate that both the Km and...
... contributions to analysis and interpretation of data and was involved in drafting the manuscript; LV made substantial contributions to data acquisition, elaboration and interpretation; GG made contribution ... Authors’ contributions PC made contribution to conception, design and interpretation of data, revising the manuscript critically and gave the final approval of the manuscript; VC made substantial contributions ... interpretation of data and to revision of the final version of the manuscript; MG made contribution to conception, design and interpretation of data, revising the manuscript critically and gave the final...
... response in comparison with those from control stands DISCUSSION The response of Scots pine to climatic conditions has been extensively discussed over the last few decades Pine is considered a species ... variants and experiments J FOR SCI., 56, 2010 (10): 461–473 ables (monthly values, vegetation period, spring season and factors F1, F2 and F3) The construction of climatic factor equations was ... and total monthly precipitation in accordance with the period of observation (Table 1) Additionally, average temperature and total precipitation from the vegetation period (April–September) and...
... May and June (Figs and 4) The other litterfall components showed much less seasonal variation and twigs peaked in early summer and autumn Rainfall precipitation was more variable and less seasonal ... a longer period The strong correlation between leaf fall and temperature shows sensitivity towards temperature conditions Litterfall production in the Montseny cork-oak forest and its seasonal ... series; bottom, seasonally-adjusted residuals On the right, the corresponding cross-correlation functions are shown (line indicates significant correlations at the conventional standard error limits)...
... dioxide and ozone, Environ Pollut 18 (1979) 159170 [8] Chappelka A.H., Chevone B.I., Tree responses to ozone, in: Lefohn A.S (Ed.), Surface level ozone exposures andtheir eects on vegetation, Lewis ... ( ) and high light ( ), regression line) 3.3 Eect of light and ozone on enzymatic responses When the results were expressed on a foliar surface basis or on a protein basis the same variation ... ambient concentration during three growing seasons However, decreases in biomass accumulation, photosynthetic rate and Rubisco content have been observed in response to higher O3 concentrations (200...
... regeneration, improve the environmental conditions for wildlife, modify the likelihood and impact of disturbances, or create spatial patterns of community types andspecies richness (Johnson and Krinard, ... either on tree growth and forest production or on its ecological consequences The purpose of this paper is to report results on tree and stand growth after a commercial thinning of a holm oak stand, ... further study For instance, effects of thinning intensity on canopy dynamics as related to light and nutrient regimes, on stand regeneration by sprouts and seedlings, andon wildlife habitats should...
... addition, age × sex and age × sex × genotype interactions were significant (P < 0.05) 3.4 Weight of abdominal fat The effects of genotype and environmental temperature on abdominal fat deposition ... Merkley J.W., Association of genotype for rate of feathering in broilers with production and carcass composition traits Effect of genotypes, sex, and died growth and feed conversion, Poult Sci 65 (1986) ... (aβ)ij eijl = population mean = mean effect of genotype = mean effect of environment (temperature) = interaction effect (genotype × temperature) = random individual deviation For females in the...
... intensity and duration of exercise, inspired air conditions, baseline lung function and time since last medication or exercise This paper reports the reproducibility of the % fall in FEV1 and AUC ... An estimate was made of ventilation in the 2nd and 6th minutes of exercise based on the relationship between speed and incline of treadmill and oxygen consumption in ml [21] The ventilatory equivalent ... positive to and were negative to both exercise challenges, and 10 were positive to only one challenge There were 89 subjects who had a positive test on only one of two challenges; 45 on the first...
... P, Henderson WR, Hebert PC, Heritier S, Heyland DK, McArthur C, McDonald E, Mitchell I, Myburgh JA, Norton R, Potter J, Robinson BG, Ronco JJ: Intensive versus conventional glucose control in ... and early growth response binding activities, in the expression of tissue factor and matrix metalloproteinase in mononuclear cells, and in plasma tissue factor and matrix metalloproteinase concentrations ... metabolic stimulation of the cell corresponds to increased mitochondrial energy production (ATP) with increased O2 and glucose consumption [22] Similarly, during cell proliferation, glucose availability...
... depending on the culture conditions and the species Understanding the effect of temperature and pH on biofilm formation is essential to prevent their formation, and can reduce the risk of ineffective ... ineffective sanitation and microbial contamination The effect of foodrelated stress factors, namely temperature and pH, on biofilm formation and resistance of Salmonella Typhimurium, one of the most ... conditioning layer and stimulate chemical reactions such as oxidation and hydration and consolidate the bacteria-surface bond (Garrett, Bhakoo, and Zhang, 2008) In irreversible adhesion, various...