... Thus, the emergence of a secular natural law -the natural law which was proclaimed to be the basis ofthe new internationallaw is coeval with his resolution ofthe problem ofthe legal status of ... Whewell Professor ofInternational Law, Faculty of Law, and Director, Lauterpacht Research Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge John S Bell FBA Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, University ... diminishes the power ofthe Pope, for these secular systems oflaw are administered by the sovereign rather than the Pope Vitoria further undermines the position ofthe Church by refuting another justification...
... fundamental as the expanding corpus ofinternational law, the obligatory force of that law, the way in which the weak can employ thelaw as a power resource, the historical uniqueness ofthe modern international ... divided the United States from the large majority of other states that voted to adopt the Rome Statute ofthe Court, in particular the role ofthe Security Council, the powers ofthe prosecutor, the ... account ofhowlaw comes to constrain strong states; and it has no account ofhow weak states and other actors use thelaw to shape outcomes If the scope ofinternationallaw is determined only by the...
... 43–59 International Legal Materials InternationalLaw Reports International Review ofthe Red Cross Leiden Journal ofInternationalLaw Netherlands Yearbook ofInternationalLaw Organisation of ... basics 1.2.1 Sources ofinternationallaw 1.2.2 Howinternationallaw changes 1.2.3 The legal framework as an interconnected whole 1.3 Structure ofthe book 10 1.4 Overview of chapters 10 part ... 95/46/EC ofthe European Parliament and ofthe Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on xlviii table of conventions the free movement of such...
... provinces oflaw such as criminal law, contract law, and thelawof torts, or specific types of law, such as municipal state law, judge-made law, and customary law. 2 The philosophy ofinternationallaw ... as of customary law In the context ofthe discussion ofthe processes ofinternational law- making and hence ofthe sources or identification of its norms, the question ofthe kind of norms created ... specific domains ofinternational law, such as human rights law, international economic law, international criminal law, international environmental law, and the laws of war In the case of each chapter,...
... Whewell Professor ofInternational Law, Faculty of Law, and Director, Lauterpacht Research Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge John S Bell FBA Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, University ... origins ofinternational law; I attempt, furthermore, to show how these origins create a set of structures that continually repeat themselves at various stages in the history ofinternationallaw ... problem, and the critiques of these attempts have, on the whole, constituted the central theoretical debate ofthe discipline.6 The defining character of this problem to the whole discipline of international...
... the exceptional dependence ofthelawof nations on thelawof nature’ Lorimer, The Institutes oftheLawof Nations, p 23 See ibid., pp 19 27 Lassa Oppenheim, The Science ofInternational Law: ... provides a theory and history ofinternationallaw in his introductory chapter and titles the next part of his workThe Subjects oftheLawof Nations’ Oppenheim, International Law, Table of contents ... states of Africa and Asia were assessing the history oftheinternational system of which they were now full members Other recent important works which deal with the issue ofthe significance of nineteenth-century...
... jurists such as Lawrence ‘diverted attention from the positivist vision oflaw as force, and reorganised internationallaw around the theme of order to reassure the reader of viability ofthe discipline’s ... act upon the advice of British Of cers ‘in matters relating to the administration of justice, the development ofthe resources ofthe country, the interests of commerce, or in any other matter ... classes -and the dissolute members ofthe aristocracy ofthe imperial centre: 94 95 On these efforts and the importance attached to them, see Oppenheim, The Science ofInternationalLaw , 313;...
... lies in the challenge that the new internationallawof pragmatism posed to the formalist and to the now-discredited theory of positivist internationallawofthe nineteenth century The pragmatist ... relations ofthe links between sovereignty and domestic structures’.79 Thus, one ofthe morals McNair deduces from the history ofthe development oftheLawof Nations is that the progress ofInternational ... facilitate the economic exploitation of non-European territories The question ofthe enduring effects for non-European societies ofthe history of exclusion is related to the issue ofthe legacy of the...
... sense ofthe final end ofthe Mandate System According to Article 22 ofthe Covenant, the primary purpose ofthe Mandate System was to secure the ‘well-being and development’ ofthe peoples ofthe ... presumed the triumph of European internationallaw and the unequal international relations that had arisen as a result The new international law, therefore, could embark on the next stage ofthe civilizing ... for supervising the operation ofthe system Once the basic framework ofthe Mandate System had been established, it was the PMC that had the task of ensuring the progress ofthe mandate territories...
... the whole global community rather than that ofthe Western/European states alone, and the creation of such a system oflawwould in itself resolve the secondary problem of whether the rules of ... focus for the question: what rules ofinternationallaw were binding on new states? The Third World argued that all international law, including thelawof state 32 For a discussion oftheinternational ... to be created now or after the adoption of a new lawof responsibility, a good deal ofthe objectionable features of this law from the point of view ofthe victims of colonialism are likely to...
... regulated by the laws of that government These agreements were not, of course, the subject ofinternationallaw since they fell within the scope ofthe domestic jurisdiction ofthe colonial state The ... States in their capacity as subjects ofinternationallaw is based on the municipal lawof some country The question as to what this law is forms the subject of that branch oflaw which is at the present ... subordinate the Third World Theinternationallawof contracts does not apply to the West itself, for as Bowett, among other scholars, points out, many ofthe crucial elements oftheinternationallaw of...
... ofthe two IFIs is very similar The Bank has a President,42 and all the powers ofthe Bank are vested in a Board of Governors;43 the day-to-day running ofthe Bank is entrusted, however, to the ... American 42 43 45 46 47 There is an understanding that the head ofthe Bank, the President, would be selected by the United States; and the head ofthe IMF, the Managing Director, would be selected ... opposed to the provision ofthe basic welfare services necessary for survival.51 Further, the Articles of Agreement ofthe Bank, the constituent document ofthe organization, require the Bank to...
... international activities in the name ofthe WAT These developments suggest a dual process: the further expansion, ostensibly within the framework ofthe UN Charter, ofthe powers ofthe large states, and ... whether the actions ofthe Security Council could be reviewed by the ICJ and whether in fact the Security Council was bound in any way by international law, and the question ofthe powers ofthe ... Civilisation and the Future ofInternationalLaw , (1938) Modern Law Review194 214 The Position of Underdeveloped Countries and the Universality ofInternationalLaw , (1963) Columbia Society of International...
... ‘When Was theLawofInternational Society Born? An Inquiry ofthe History ofInternationalLaw from an Intercivilizational Perspective’, Journal ofthe History ofInternationalLaw (2000) ... Nehru, Jawaharlal, The Discovery of India (New York: The John Day Co., 1946) Norton, Patrick M., Lawofthe Future or Lawofthe Past? Modern Tribunals and theInternationalLawof Expropriation’, ... The Carnegie Endowment, 1921) Lauterpacht, Hersch, The Function ofLaw in theInternational Community (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1933) The Mandate Under InternationalLaw in the Covenant of the...
... list of publications in this series appears at the back of this volume The Role ofInternationalLaw in the Elimination of Child Labor Holly Cullen The Procedural Aspects ofInternationalLaw ... that ofthe child or children ofthe debtor These loans, which are often relatively small, are usually theoretically to be paid off by theworkofthe children.15 In some cases, however, the child’s ... 24 • InternationalLaw in the Elimination of Child Labor factor is the lack of political will on the part ofthe military government to eradicate the practice of its own officials.64 The development...
... represents the culmination of a number of years of study ofthe economic analysis ofinternationallaw It is not a mere restatement of my study of economic analysis ofinternationallaw over these ... article, The Theory ofthe Firm and the Theory oftheInternational Economic Organization Excerpts reprinted by special permission of Northwestern University School of Law, Northwestern Journal ofInternational ... Thus, the role ofthe state is defined by the goals of individuals Similarly, the role ofinternationallaw is defined by the goals of individuals The state acts as agent of its citizens The transactional...
... public internationallawThe importance ofthe topic The case study: thelawofthe World Trade Organization WTO law as ‘just’ another branch of public internationallawThe WTO legal system ... objectives, at theinternational level j o o s t pa u w e l y n is Associate Professor ofLaw at Duke University School ofLaw His areas of interest are public internationallaw and thelawofthe WTO ... Professor ofInternational Law, Faculty ofLaw and Director, Lauterpacht Research Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge John S Bell FBA Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, University of...
... spiral in the condition ofwork and life of working people all over the world.” Naturally, WTO becomes the focus on this debate at theinternational level There is a heated debate between the developed ... “Examining the Legality ofthe Chinese Hukou System under InternationalLaw on Freedom of Internal Movement” B Contents ofthe Volume In addition to this introduction, the thesis consists six other ... number of reformative policies and movements the open-door-policy, the rapid development on market economy, the privatization, the introduction ofthe idea of rule oflaw and various influences of...
... overview ofthe thesis and discusses the meaning and importance of higher education and ofinternational trade in services generally It explains the four modes of supply under the GATS framework ... presence in the territory of any other Member and the presence of natural persons means supply of service by a service supplier of one Member through presence of natural persons of a member in the territory ... introduction to the thesis In chapter the explanation ofthe framework and methodology for commitments to liberalize under the GATS is undertaken Chapter presents the commitments made by the WTO member...
... Reply ofthe Government ofthe Republic of Croatia to Subpoena Duces Tecum 10 February 1997 Judgment on the Request ofthe Republic of Croatia for Review ofthe Decision ofTrial Chamber I of 18 ... Conference on the Development ofInternational Humanitarian Lawof Armed Conflicts (1974-77)', in Italian Yearbook ofInternationalLaw (1977) 217 'Means of Warfare: the Traditional and the New Law' , ... collection ofwritings ofAntonio Cassese on international humanitarian law, human rights law, and international criminal law It aims to shed light on the intellectual approach to these branches of international...