high bit error random losses rate and burst losses
Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Bit Error Rate Approximation of MIMO-OFDM Systems with Carrier Frequency Offset and Channel Estimation Errors" ppt
... Communications and Networking with o(Δεnr ,i , ΔHnr ,i ) representing the higher-order item of (n) Δεnr ,i and ΔHnr ,i It is easy to show that Δλ(n) t and Δξnr ,nt nr ,n are zero-mean RVs and that ... QPSK and 16QAM with different combining methods Figures and consider SISO-OFDM The BER is degraded due to the frequency offset and channel estimation errors For a fixed channel estimation variance error ... ,i = εnr ,i + Δεnr ,i and Hnr ,i = Hnr ,i + ΔHnr ,i , where Δεnr ,i (0) (N and ΔHnr ,i = diag{ΔHnr ,i , , ΔHnr ,i−1) } are the estimation (n) (n) (n) errors of εnr ,i and Hnr ,i (ΔHnr ,i =...
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Tài liệu KRONE - White paper - Zero Bit Error Rate doc
... worst case in the Standard and has called this BER condition of 10-12 as ZERO BIT ERROR RATE Zero Bit Error Rate (ZBER) means less than one error in a million-million bits WHAT KRONE DOES In-House ... ZERO BIT ERROR RATE Cabling infrastructure providers are following KRONE’s lead regarding the importance of having the lowest bit error rate possible This white paper confirms that zero bit error ... cause up to 12,000 bits to be re-transmitted WHAT IS A ZERO BIT ERROR RATE? IEEE 802.3 defines the occurrence of errors at 10-10 as being its worst case At this condition any bit errors which may...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Research Article Accurate Bit Error Rate Calculation for Asynchronous Chaos-Based DS-CDMA over Multipath Channel" pptx
... the bit error rate of the chaos-based DS-CDMA system α(m) in (19) is a Gaussian random sequence (see w,i Appendix B) with E α(m) = 0, w,i 4.1 BER Analysis Approach In order to compute the bit error ... CSK and chaos-based DS-CDMA require coherent correlators with the assumption that the receiver is able to generate a locally synchronous chaotic signal In order to compute the bit- error rate ... Tse, and M M Yip, “An approach to calculating the bit- error rate of a coherent chaosshift-keying digital communication system under a noisy multiuser environment,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article An Iterative Soft Bit Error Rate Estimation of Any Digital Communication Systems Using a Nonparametric Probability Density Function" pptx
... {1, , N }; (ii) generate a random variable ε having K as a pdf; (iii) Set Y = Xi + εh∗ N These new realizations can be used to improve the accuracy of the estimator and therefore reduce the ... output of matched filter for user k = and for a SNR = dB (resp., SNR = 10 dB) Figure gives performance of the conventional CDMA detector based on the true bit error rate (see (26)) compared with the ... My k (29) We can show, using (27) and the fact that y = S r (where S = [s1 , , sK ] is the N × K matrix of signature vectors), that the true bit error rate of the kth user for the MMSE receiver...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Capacity Versus Bit Error Rate Trade-Off in the DVB-S2 Forward Link" pot
... capacity and the throughput The first motivation for this is to make use of cross-layer mechanisms by voluntarily allowing higher bit error rates which can be compensated with error correction at higher ... Multiplying factor on Schweikert-W¨ rz safety margin o 0.5 Packet error rate Bit error rate ModCods Bad states Good states Figure 10: Packet error rate (PER) versus Safety margin Figure 9: State probabilities ... times statistics), (ii) how long the bursts last (duration statistics), and (iii) how deep the fades are (i.e., how high are BER and PER during one error burst) These three properties can be...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Symbol and Bit Error Rates Analysis of Hybrid PIM-CDMA" pot
... is indeterminable and high We have shown that hPIM-CDMA BER performance is similar to hPPM-CDMA, and is highly dependent on the code weight w, F, and M Symbol and Bit Error Rates Analysis of ... definitely in error and so P2 SFA is set to Else, P2 SFA remains Symbol and Bit Error Rates Analysis of Hybrid PIM-CDMA 17 hPIM symbols without error Demodulated data = {7, 3} hPIM symbols with error ... Symbol and Bit Error Rates Analysis of Hybrid PIM-CDMA 13 However, by employing OCCS and good correlation properties the hPIM-CDMA performance can be improved In this paper, the error analysis...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Bit Error Rate Performance Analysis of a Threshold-Based Generalized Selection Combining Scheme in Nakagami " docx
... and m = BER curves obtained for Nakagami m = 1, 2, and are shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, respectively In those figures, 246 EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 10−1 Bit error ... Papoulis and S U Pillai, Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, USA, 4th edition, 2002 [14] B J Rice and J D Strange, Technical Mathematics and Calculus, ... 6, pp 254–256, 2001 248 EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking [8] A I Sulyman and M Kousa, Bit error rate performance of a generalized diversity selection combining scheme...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Bit Error Rate Analysis for MC-CDMA Systems in Nakagami-m Fading Channels" potx
... approximated by a conditional Gaussian random variable with zero mean and variance (7) and the characteristic function of Nakagami-m fading r.v.’s, the bit error probability of an MC-CDMA system ... independent random variables and its application to the sum of Rayleigh random variables,” IEEE Trans Communications, vol 38, no 9, pp 1463–1474, 1990 [10] B Smida, C L Despins, and G Y Delisle, ... presented in [16] and leads to a convenient method for performance analysis By applying the Q-function Q(x) = π π/2 exp − x2 dθ, sin2 θ x≥0 η is a Gaussian random variable with zero mean and variance...
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Báo cáo y học: " Low tidal volume, high respiratory rate and auto-PEEP: the importance of the basic" ppt
... generates auto-PEEP What lesson can we derive from those studies? What should clinicians be careful about? Clearly, there should be no doubt that a ventilatory strategy based on high Vt and high ... VieillardBaron and coworkers [5]), the clinician has several choices If the priority is to limit ventilator-induced lung injury, and we persist on a low Vt strategy, then the use of a higher respiratory rate ... low Vt strategy? Vieillard-Baron and coworkers [5] stated that increasing the respiratory rate is not an efficient strategy for improving carbon dioxide clearance This is true if a low Vt /high respiratory...
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Báo cáo y học: "Effects of p-Synephrine alone and in Combination with Selected Bioflavonoids on Resting Metabolism, Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Self-Reported Mood Changes"
... hesperetin, naringenin and quercetin in human subjects following habitual diet, and diets high or low in fruit and vegetables Eur J Clin Nutr 2001; 56: 891-898 Manach C, Morand C, Gil-Izquierdo ... oxidative and inflammatory response Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1406-1411 Ghanim H, Sai CL, Upadhyay M, et al Orange juice neutralizes the proinflammatory effect of a high- fat, high- carbohydrate meal and ... the effects of naringin and hesperidin on metabolic rate and energy utilization have not been previously assessed Studies have suggested that p-synephrine has thermogenic and lipolytic activities...
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Spectroscopic and Microscopic Investigation of Gold NanoparticleFormation: Ligand and Temperature Effects on Rate and Particle Size
... ÀCOOH, ÀOH, ÀNH2, and ÀN3) alkylthiols and phosphine ligands We further demonstrated the versatility of 9-BBN as a reducing agent by the preparation of palladium, platinum, and silver nanoparticles.66,67 ... agent concentration and the reaction temperature on the nucleation rate and growth time which ultimately control the final size and the size dispersion of the AuNPs Time-dependent, high- resolution ... corrosive and should be handled with extreme care) and then rinsed with copious amounts of nanopure water and dried overnight prior to use All reactions were carried out in air Spectroscopy and Microscopy...
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Tài liệu Presentation - ADC KRONE - Zero Bit Error Warranty Process - 2007 (VNese) ppt
... 3.200 nodes Cat & Cat 5e for Voice, Data & IBMS with HIGHBAND 25 solution • 10Gbit Fiber Optic backbone • 1GBit performance • 5-year Zero -Bit- Error Warranty • 20-year System Warranty 7/9/2007 41 ... Network Internet Organization of bits into packets according to used standard, eg Ethernet Network adaptor cards and cables 7/9/2007 Data Link Physical Layer High Quality, High Performance Cabling MHz ... hosting max 600 users • 1800 nodes Cat for Voice, Data & IBMS with HIGHBAND 25 solution • 1GBit performance • 5-year Zero -Bit- Error Warranty • 20-year System Warranty 7/9/2007 40 Tòa nhà Hội sở...
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Trial and Error: J. Marion Sims and the Birth of Modern Gynecology in the American South docx
... he later standardized and patented as the Sims Speculum While these experiments allowed Sims to learn great deal about female anatomy and refine his surgical technique, the trial -and -error process ... escalated, and war was eminent He was a confederate, and he was publicly outspoken about his allegiance to the South The Civil War and Postwar Success In fact, in 1861, Sims fled the U.S and lived ... great and good man was a native of the South, and that I can stand here to-night and claim that for that section of this Union, although remote from the great centers of medical learning and the...
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2013 DAILY RATES UPS Rate and SeRvice GUide pdf
... from one exhibit to the next S – andle complex traveling displays and high- tech equipment H – xperienced experts available to provide the right solution for moving your exhibit to and from the ... Barrels and Drums Crates Coils Rugs and Carpets Boxes Bags Bundles Reels Rolls Bales Pails Determine the Weight and Size 27 Determine the Weight and Size PAC K AG E For All Domestic and International ... Shipping rates are based on package weight and size (explained below and on the following page) and origin-to-destination distance (refer to page 39 for Domestic, page 81 for Export and pages 112 and...
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Báo cáo khoa học: 15 N-Labelled proteins by cell-free protein synthesis Strategies for high-throughput NMR studies of proteins and protein–ligand complexes doc
... interconversion between Ala and Glu, Glu and Asp, and Glu and Gln is efficient in wheat germ extract but can effectively be suppressed by inhibitors of transaminases and glutamine synthase [20] ... scrambling and easier sample handling compared to in vivo protein production render cell-free protein synthesis particularly attractive for high- throughput production of proteins and selective ... produced in high yields in vivo are also suitable for efficient production by cell-free synthesis In order to compensate for the increased effort and expense required for the production and selective...
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Báo cáo Y học: High affinity binding between laminin and laminin binding protein of Leishmania is stimulated by zinc and may involve laminin zinc-finger like sequences doc
... interaction with ECM and BM Both Zn2+ and free sulfhydryls may be required for LBP binding site on laminin as evidenced by the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of ZnCl2 and N-ethylmaleimide, ... nitrocellulose membrane and subjected to indirect immunoblot analysis using laminin as the primary probe followed by rabbit anti-laminin IgG, goat anti-(rabbit IgG) Ig, Nitro Blue tetrazolium and 5-bromo-4-chloro-indolyl-3-phosphate; ... demonstrated by immunoprecipitating LBP from metabolically labelled L donovani using anti-LBP Ig and protein A–Sepharose beads When these immune complexes were dissociated and run on SDS/PAGE and...
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What is the neutral real interest rate, and how can we use it? doc
... saving and investment curves of higher interest rates elsewhere For these countries, the supply of loanable funds decreases, causing their interest rates to rise As funds flow into high interest rate ... The currency risk premium was then derived from actual interest rate differentials between New Zealand and Australia and New Zealand and the United States the 1990s Given the new structure of the ... rate of output and the real interest rate, they not imply that one can take the steady state growth rate of output as a direct estimate of the long run equilibrium real interest rate Nelson and...
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Đề tài " Multi-critical unitary random matrix ensembles and the general Painlev_e II equation " pdf
... 601–641 Multi-critical unitary random matrix ensembles and the general Painlev´ II equation e By T Claeys, A.B.J Kuijlaars, and M Vanlessen Abstract We study unitary random matrix ensembles of the ... the double scaling limit Introduction and statement of results 1.1 Unitary random matrix ensembles For n ∈ N, N > 0, and α > −1/2, we consider the unitary random matrix ensemble (1.1) −1 Zn,N | ... (5.25) and (5.28) Acknowledgments We are grateful to Pavel Bleher and Alexander Its for very useful and stimulating discussions The authors are supported by FWO research projects G.0176.02 and G.0455.04...
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The Sensitivity of Bank Net Interest Margins and Profitability to Credit, Interest-Rate, and Term-Structure Shocks Across Bank Product Specializations potx
... xi and xj are interest rates composed of y and r and stated this way in (7) for simplicity, and σij is the covariance among all interest -rate changes of assets, dy, and liabilities, dr To expand ... interest rate on deposits and µ is a random term with a known probability density function to these shocks in the period t is constrained by the ex ante composition of their assets and liabilities and ... them early, deposits can be received and withdrawn at random, and some of them, like federal funds and repurchase agreements, are under the control of the bank and can be changed overnight In contrast...
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Software Error Detection through Testing and Analysis doc
... inputs is prohibitively large Software Error Detection through Testing and Analysis, By J C Huang Copyright C 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc CONCEPTS, NOTATION, AND PRINCIPLES To illustrate, consider ... what to choose, and the second, as to when to stop choosing These two principles are easy to understand and easy to apply, TWO PRINCIPLES OF TEST-CASE SELECTION and therefore become handy under situations ... lines and 5, variable x is c-used on line while variable z is c-used first and then defined, variable y is c-used and then defined on line 7, variable x is c-used and then defined on line 8, and finally,...
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