... entire biomedical community peer reviewed and published immediately upon acceptance cited in PubMed and archived on PubMed Central yours — you keep the copyright BioMedcentral Submit your manuscript ... rocking at room temperature for hour Mix was allowed to settle in a chromatography column and flow through was collected Column was washed twice with ml of Buffer C (8 M urea, 0.1 M sodium phosphate ... in Methods After overnight binding and then blocking, the plates were incubated with serially diluted human sera, and then with anti-human HRP Samples and are from naturally infected humans Sample...
... was monitored b Refolding of the reduced RNase A (final concentration 8.4 lM) was carried out in the refolding buffer (0.1 M Tris ⁄ Cl, pH 8.0, 0.2 mM GSSG, mM GSH, mM EDTA, 4.5 mM cCMP) and catalyzed ... mM EDTA, mM MgCl2, 20 mM NaCl, mM GSSG, mM GSH) and catalyzed by different concentrations of PDI In the refolding reaction mixture, the final concentration of reduced lysozyme was 10 lM The refolding ... (20 lM) was carried out in the refolding buffer (0.1 M Tris ⁄ Cl, pH 7.5, mM EDTA, 0.1 mM GSH) and catalyzed by lM cPDI At different reaction times, the reaction mixture was acidified and immediately...
... and immunoblot SSA–iodoacetamide (SSAia), with the free Cys blocked, was purified as a monomer by S-75 column (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB) with 50 mM MES, pH 6, 150 mM NaCl SDS/PAGE and immunoblotting ... performed using a size exclusion Superdex 75 column (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB) equilibrated with 50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl and finally with a Mono-S cation exchange column (Amersham Pharmacia ... same buffer, and finally with 100 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, mM EDTA and mM DTT Inclusion bodies were then solubilized in M urea, 100 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5, 10 mM EDTA and mM DTT Concentration of solubilized...
... was performed by the modified method of Tangpakdee et al [16] The reaction mixture contained, in a final volume of 0.2 mL, 50 mM Tris/HCl buffer (pH 7.4), 30 mM KCl, mM MgCl2, lM ZnCl2, mM dithiothreitol, ... dithiothreitol, 20 mM KF, 0.1 mM deoxycholate, 0.5 mg of WBP, 15 lM farnesyl diphosphate, 50 lM [1-14C]IPP (2.15 GBqÆmmol)1, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech), and a suitable amount of cell-free homogenate or ... (AAM92883, AAM92884, AAM92885, AAM92887, AAM92888), BAB92024 and AAM92882 (AAM92886) (submitted to GenbankTM and DDBJ by Coldren et al and Sando et al respectively) However, most of these amino...
... substrates Data are given as mean ± SD from three experiments SULT1 ST1 SULT1 ST2 Substrate Km (lM) Vmax (nmolÆmin)1Æmg)1) Vmax/Km Km (lM) Vmax (nmolÆmin)1Æmg)1) Vmax/Km 3-Chloro-4-biphenylol 3,3¢,5,5¢-Tetrachloro-4,4¢-biphenyldiol ... [13] Ham’s F-12 nutrient mixture, Leibivitz’s L-15 medium, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium, minimum essential medium, and fetal bovine serum were from Life Technologies Trout serum was from East ... replacing magnesium sulfate with magnesium chloride) minimum essential medium for h, were labeled with 0.2 mL aliquots of the same medium containing [35S]sulfate (0.25 mCiÆmL)1), and 100 lM 3-chloro-4-biphenylol...
... 1.0–27 mm l-glutamate with a fixed concentration of mm oxaloaceLÀglu ) and in the range 0.5–20 mm oxaloacetate tate (for Km with a fixed concentration of 12 mm l-glutamate OAA (for Km ) Km and Vmax ... enzyme, the kinetic parameters Km, Vmax and kcat were determined for the purified AATB3 Values for Km and Vmax for both amino donors (l-aspartate and l-glutamate) and acceptors (a-ketoglutarate and ... concentrations: ampicillin (Amp), 100 lgÆmL)1; kanamycin (Km), 50 lgÆmL)1 DNA manipulation and transformation The isolation and manipulation of recombinant DNA were performed using standard techniques...
... tuberculosis (Mt) OtsA predicted amino acid sequence with those of homologous ORFs from M avium (Ma), M smegmatis (Ms) and E coli (Ec) The M avium andM smegmatis homologs were identified by searching ... heating and the following components were added: 0.15 mM NADH, 0.25 mM phosphoenolpyruvate, mM MgCl2, and lg each of pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in a final volume of 200 lL 50 mM Hepes ... recombinant enzyme have been determined, and are compared to the properties of the TPS purified from M smegmatis This expression system should provide sufficient amounts of recombinant TPS for complete...
... this reaction also, small amounts of glucose were produced Similar experiments were carried out at and 10 mM maltose or trehalose and the results are shown in Fig 3B,C With mM maltose, it took about ... maltose was estimated to be 10 mM and the Vmax for maltose was determined as 16 nmolÆmin)1 A similar experiment using trehalose as the substrate showed that the formation of maltose increased ... ion column and after thorough washing in 10 mm imidazole, the column was eluted batchwise with various concentrations of imidazole Most of the activity was eluted in 100 mM imidazole, and as shown...
... nature and presence of a CBM varies among the family-74 proteins: four of 13 family-74 genes code for a family-2 CBM; three have a family-1 fungal CBM; one has a family-3 CBM; and five have no CBM ... three volumes of 0.4 M NH2SO4 + mM NaCl + mM Kpi, pH 6, and eluted with mM Kpi, pH The purest fractions, as determined by SDS/PAGE, were combined and loaded on a Q-Sepharose Fast Flow (Pharmacia ... concentrations from to 60 lgÆmL)1 and 0.375 pmolÆmL)1 enzyme The bicinchoninate assay [17] was used to quantify the reducing sugars produced Michaelis constant (Km) and maximal rate (Vmax) values were...
... Fungi Candida albicans ATCC 2002 Candida glabrata (IS 0902) Slime mold 1580 Cc-CATH2 (0 mM NaCl) Cc-CATH2 (100 mM NaCl) Cc-CATH3 (0 mM NaCl) Cc-CATH3 (100 mM NaCl) LL-37 (0 mM NaCl) Amp Kana ... phase at 37 °C and suspended to · 105 colony-forming unitsÆmL)1 in Mueller– Hinton (MH) broth with and without 100 mm of NaCl The peptides in the presence and absence of 100 mm NaCl were subjected ... essential gene-encoded mammalian antibiotics J Mol Med 80, 549–561 Zanetti M (2005) The role of cathelicidins in the innate host defenses of mammals Curr Issues Mol Biol 7, 179– 196 Ramanathan B, Davis...
... Control MnCl2 (1 mM) CuSO4 (1 mM) CaCl2 (1 mM) MgSO4 (1 mM) NAD (2 mM) Cystine (2 mM) 100 117.8 16.9 82.0 89.8 92.5 45.8 2-Mercaptoethanol (2 mM) GSH (2 mM) NADH (2 mM) EDTA (2 mM) NBT (5 mM) SOD ... pI of NaoA was determined from a standard curve of pI and migration distance (cm) of protein standards Enzyme assay and analytical methods E coli BL21(DE3) containing plasmid pNA101 was grown ... carbonyl compound formed in the reaction solution was further confirmed to be acetone by its mass spectrum, which displayed fragments of m/ z 58 (M+ ) and m/ z 43 consistent with those of acetone standard...
... rpm/min for 10 min, and lysed in 20 ml 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 containing 1.0 mg/ml lysozyme at -20°C overnight The cell lysate was clarified by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm/min for 20 at 4°C and ... (PVDF) membrane The membrane was incubated with blocking buffer containing 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in TBS (50 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.5) for h at 37°C Subsequently, the membrane ... primer (10 pmol/L), 1.0 μl cDNA template, 12.5 μl PCR Master Mix, and 9.5 μl water β-actin mRNA expression was determined using the same amount of cDNA as an RNA-competence control Real time...
... mass Spectrometry ML: maximum likelihood MS: mass spectrometry MW: molecular weight viii NUD: non-ulcer dyspepsia OD: optical density OMP: outer membrane protein OPD: O-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride ... throughout my PhD study Especially thank my husband Jieming Zeng, who himself was studying for PhD degree at the same time for always being on my side and brightening my life And thank my parents ... School of Medicine, USA; Prof B Marshall of University of Western Australia, Australia and A/Prof N Aoyama of Kobe University, Japan for providing some DNA samples and Dr Teh Ming, Department of...
... HOMEOSTASIS Sterols are important membrane components of all known eukaryotic organisms and play essential roles in modulating membrane fluidity and permeability In mammalian cells, the predominant ... in arteries 41 MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 MEDIA, REAGENTS, STRAINS AND PLASMIDS Most chemicals were from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA) unless otherwise stated Luria-Broth (LB) medium used for bacterial ... traffic within the intermediate endosomal compartment Together, class E Vps protein complexes might act on endosomal membranes as a coat in which the cycle of assembly and disassembly is regulated...
... difluoride membrane (Immobilon-P, Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and blocked with 5% skim milk in TBST (50 mm Tris-bufferd, sa1ine % Tween 20, pH 4.7) The membrane was washed three times with TBST and ... clinical manifestation is important and the use of standardized recombinant proteins might reduce inaccurate diagnosis Some recombinant food allergens have been produced and the advantages of recombinant ... and QQFHQQQ, are not common but might be important epitopes for the development of allergic symptoms in WDEIA We cloned and determined the nucleotide sequence of two x-5 gliadin genes, x-5a and...
... using PCR primers based on the conserved regions of mammalian IL-10 homologues and the torafugu IL-10 genomic sequence, we isolated a clone of 440 bp (resembling mammalian IL-10) from carp head ... to that of torafugu and mammalian counterparts Compared with other family members containing the IL-10 gene, human IL-19 and IL-24 encode longer polypeptides of 215 and 206 amino acids, respectively; ... studies, human and viral homologues of IL-10 are known to have a structure similar to that of IFN-c, i.e a noncovalent symmetric homodimer that forms V-shaped dimers [30,31] The monomers are characterized...
... deionized formamide, 9.2% v ⁄ v glycerol, 0.18 mgÆmL)1 bromophenol blue, 0.18 mgÆmL)1 xylene cyanole and 0.4 mm EDTA) was denatured at 65 °C for 15 and immediately transferred on ice This RNA sample ... on 1% agarose gel (20 mm Mops, mm sodium acetate, 0.5 mm EDTA and 18% deionized formaldehyde) and hydrolyzed in 50 mm NaOH solution for 25 After neutralization with 0.2 m acetic acid solution ... ecdysteroid receptor homologue from the ixodid tick Amblyomma americanum (L.) Insect Biochem Mol Biol 27, 945–962 28 Guo X, Xu Q, Harmon MA, Jin X, Laudet V, Mangelsdorf DJ & Palmer MJ (1998) Isolation...
... Immobilon-P membrane for blotting proteins, HAWP ®lters (0.45 lm, 25 mm) and Centricon YM-10 ®lters were from Millipore RPMI 1640 medium, foetal bovine serum, L-glutamine, T4 DNA ligase, Taq DNA polymerase, ... Biochem 269) [a-32P]dCTP (3000 Ciámmol)1) and [35S]guanosine 5¢-O(c-thio)triphosphate ([35S]GTP[S], 1250 Ciámmol)1) were from NEN and [a-32P]GTP (> 3000 Ciámmol)1) was from ICN Pharmaceuticals Immobilon-P ... times, triplicate 10 lL samples of the incubation mixture were diluted into 100 lL of wash buffer [100 mM KCl, 20 mM Hepes (pH 7.5), 0.5 mM MgCl2] and immediately applied to HAWP ®lters in a Millipore...
... digested and ligated genomic DNA sample (10 lL), using 20 pmoles of each primer (see below) and U of the ÔElongase enzyme mixÕ (Gibco) in 60 mM Tris sulfate pH 9.1, 18 mM ammonium sulfate, mM magnesium ... Concentration mM mM mM 0.1 mgÆmL)1 0.1 mgÆmL)1 0.1 mgÆmL)1 100 0 96 100 35 Discussion In previous studies, we reported isolation of tryptase (then named BLCT) from bovine liver capsule and its characterization ... (Perkin Elmer, USA), 200 mM dNTPs, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 10 mM Tris/HCl, pH 8.3, 50 mM KCl (50 lL final volume) All PCR products were sizefractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis and the bands eluted,...
... determined is lower than the detection limit (estimated to be 0.01 nmolÆmin)1Æmg protein)1) Endogenous compounds Specific activity (nmolÆmin)1Æmg)1) Xenobiotic compounds Specific activity (nmolÆmin)1Æmg)1) ... room temperature, cells were collected by centrifugation and homogenized in 25 mL ice-cold lysis buffer (10 mm Tris ⁄ HCl, pH 8.0, 150 mm NaCl, mm EDTA) using an Aminco French Press Twenty microliters ... 2.5 mL of glutathione Sepharose, and the bound GST fusion protein was treated with mL of a thrombin digestion buffer (50 mm Tris ⁄ HCl, pH 8.0, 150 mm NaCl, and 2.5 mm CaCl2) containing unitÆmL)1...