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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 27 pdf
... state was to play a central role A system of laws should be so structured as to facilitate a stationary state with a reasonable level of economic well-being for all citizens Aristotle saw the ... Political Science and Longmans, Green Bergson, A 19 38: A reformulation of certain aspects of welfare economics Quarterly Journal of Economics, 52, 310 –34 Buchanan, J M 19 60: La Scienza delle finanze: ... saw as the undesirable effects of economic growth, their analysis centered on the establishment of a relatively stationary state of economic activity accompanied by a reasonable standard of economic...
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A study on the translation of economic terminology
... the translation of these terms, the proper names are transferred meanwhile their classifier is translated to create a clearer and more understandable translated version For example: English Vietnamese ... The replacement of a text in one language (SL) by an equivalent text in another language (TL) Hartman and Stork (19 72) believe that : Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text ... English into Vietnamese or vice versa is a big challenge because of the differences between English and Vietnamese languages as each language has its own lexicon as well as its own grammatical...
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Báo cáo khoa học: A novel glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase 1 that is regulated by insulin and shows differential tissue distribution in humans and rodents pdf
... R3G 14 0 EAEEPQVPPAVLSRLHSFPLRAEDLQQLGELLAVAKVPAPLLTPRAQLRP Mouse R3G 14 0 EAEEPQVPPAVLSRLHSFPLRAEDLQQLGGLLAVATMPDPLLVPCARLRP Human R3G 15 0 EAEEPQVPPAVLSRLRSFPMRAEDLEQLGGLLAAAAVAAPLSAPPSRLRP Rat ... QLQRDALRHFAPCPPRARGLQEARVALEPALEPGFAARLQAQRICLERADAGPLGVAGS RAT R 3E 11 9 QLQRDALRHFAPCPPRTRGLQDARIALEPALEPGFAARLQAQRICLERADAGPLGVAGS HUMAN R 3E 11 9 QLQRDALRHFAPCQPRARGLQEARAALEPASEPGFAARLLTQRICLERAEAGPLGVAGS PP1 binding motif GM/ RGL/R 3A ... MEPIGARLS-LEAPGPAPFREAPPAEELPAPVVPCVQGGGDGGGASETPS Rat R3G Mouse R3G Human R3G 46 PDDQLQDRLLSAQKVAALPEQEELQEYRR-SRVRSFSLPADPILQAAKLL 46 PDAQLQDRPLSPQKGAALPEQEELQEYRR-SRARSFSLPADPILQAAKLL 50 PDAQLGDRPLSPKEEAAPQEQEELLECRRRCRARSFSLPADPILQAAKFL...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Overview ppt
... found, as well as differences of interpretation One feature of the collection is the attempt to include aspects of the period following World War II Indeed, a substantial interpretive literature already ... Tribe 215 15 American Economics to 19 00 William J Barber 2 31 16 English Marginalism: Jevons, Marshall, and Pigou Peter Groenewegen 246 17 The Austrian Marginalists: Menger, Böhm-Bawerk, and Wieser ... Italy She specializes in classical monetary theory and the Cambridge school of economics Steven G Medema is Professor of Economics at the University of Colorado at Denver He specializes in the...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 1 pot
... part responsible for the unsettled nature of the field referred to above [Samuels (19 83) and Medema and Samuels (20 01) reveal in more detail the variety of approaches employed by historians of ... research may, for example, reveal parallels between the subject’s conceptual framework or theoretical assumptions and some contemporary philosophical system The argument that a particular interpretation ... interpretation of an ambiguous passage would represent a similar parallel can then be offered as evidence for that interpretation Or, if interpretive differences arise because a key assumption was left...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 2 ppt
... thought and practices of a Sumerian city state The Erlenmeyer Tablets, which became available for study in 19 88, constitute a collection of 88 tablets found in a large jar These tablets provide a set ... they are clear repositories of the level of economic thought Note as well that the development of the zero, or cipher, was irrelevant to arithmetic as long ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL ECONOMICS 13 as ... neat columns It has also been argued that increasingly varied Arabic commerce led to the development of algebra and gave rise to the mechanistic generalization of economic processes in the late...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 3 pptx
... imperfect because they all lack all of the necessary resources A perfect society can only be achieved when domestic, regional, and international trade all take place (Farabi, 19 82, p 25) The same view ... Sajadi Teheran, Iran: Zuhuri Ghazali, Abu Hamed undated: Ihya-al-Ulum al-Din (Revival of the Religious Sciences), vols Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al Nadwaa —— 19 27: Kitab Tahafut al, Falasafah (The ... translated into the Arabic language In spite of the significance of the 19 64 path-breaking article by Spengler, the real challenge to the Schumpeterian Great Gap thesis came about as a result of...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 4 ppsx
... of course also debatable whether it is possible to see a clear and direct line between mercantilism perceived as a set of economic ideas and the policies of the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century ... occupational makeup might very well have made a difference, and it may have implied that many of them were more clear about how the marketplace actually worked and were less enthusiastic about state ... Years’ War Thus, an earlier English trade surplus had been transformed into a negative balance of trade They argued that it was this negative balance that had made English exchange rates less...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 5 ppsx
... several journals appeared, such as the Journal Œconomique (17 51 72), the Journal du commerce (17 59–62), the Journal de l agriculture, du commerce et des finances (17 65–74), and the Ephémérides ... Pierre-Paul le Mercier de la Rivière (17 27 18 01) , whose book (L ordre naturel et essentiel des sociétés politiques, 20 01 [17 67] ) gave a general and methodical exposition of the whole doctrine At ... AND FRENCH PRE-CLASSICAL POLITICAL ECONOMY 67 free trade policy was implemented, farmers would receive a larger revenue while paying rent on the former and less profitable basis; this extra revenue...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 6 docx
... individuals, driven by pride and avarice, may have socially desirable results Adam Smith’s invisible hand is clearly a less paradoxical development of the same idea Mandeville typified the eighteenth-century ... organized but the law still set a maximum to interest rates Repeated proposals to lower the maximum legal rate to what would certainly have been an unsustainably low level came very close to being ... Grumbling Hive, of 17 05 was reissued repeatedly as The Fable of the Bees: Or Private Vices, Public Benefits after 17 14 with added material by way of elaboration and defense of the original The basic...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 7 ppsx
... the Journal d’Agriculture and the Ephemerides du Citoyen carried articles of a professional nature, while the central texts were already published, most notably Quesnay’s Tableau (17 58), Mirabeau’s ... Three main features of the central analysis are the treatment of the division of labor, the analysis of price and allocation, and the exposure of the mercantile fallacy The institution of the division ... analyses of the origin and breakdown of the agrarian (allodial and feudal) stage before going on to consider the emergence of the exchange economy – the “final” stage of commerce The links between...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 8 ppsx
... problem of capital and the nature of profit Torrens adopted a different approach and argued that relative amounts of capital, rather than labor, determined relative price However, since the valuation ... wages, and profits, the treatment of relative shares was easily discernable Wages would eventually reach subsistence (although perhaps not physical subsistence); but wage-earners would enjoy spells ... group of writers to appreciate fully the allocative role of the market But the market operated within a framework of law, which was properly subject to development, pragmatically, as needs were discovered...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 9 docx
... between agreeable and disagreeable employments The really exhausting and the really repulsive labours, instead of being better paid than others, are almost invariably paid the worst of all, because ... was the fact that economics assumed that people were all the same, and were all entitled to liberty, that led Carlyle to label economics the “dismal science.” It is too rarely appreciated (Persky, ... period: the explanation of occupational wage differences As noted above, Smith holds that people are physically the same If all people are the same and labor markets are competitive, then wouldn’t...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 10 docx
... The labour expended on each commodity can no longer be calculated except as an average, i .e an ideal estimate When determining the price of an individual article it appears as a merely ideal ... simply Gradual concretion and increasing complexity are achieved at subsequent levels of abstraction; at a final level of “abstraction,” the complexity of concrete empirical reality should be attained ... Nevertheless, as previously indicated, all of his value entities are expressed in monetary terms (£’s); the same applies to all of his numerical examples (cf., Elson, 19 7 9a) I-C: Capital’s resulting...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 11 ppsx
... far, we have assumed that wages are given at some level of subsistence The classical economists, however, saw clearly that the share of wages in the product may rise above, or temporarily even ... allowed them, however imperfectly, to see through the complexities of the problem under consideration and determine the general rate of profits As long as no better theory was available, there ... (and rents) (WN, I.vi), that the wage and the rate of profits are determined independently of each other Ricardo also realized that the labor value principle cannot be sustained as a “general...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 12 pot
... influenced by the Fabian case for gradual, peaceful, piecemeal change Bernstein abandoned the labor theory of value and the notions of surplus value and exploitation He became skeptical of the Marxian ... mainstream communism, arguing instead for a form of nonmarket socialism based on self-management by mass assemblies of workers, represented where necessary by recallable delegates A more detailed elaboration ... successful, and there was much to be learned also from the experience of Yugoslavia, Poland, and China All relied, to a considerable extent, on the market, and all allowed for a range of different...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 13 ppsx
... gave effect to modern economies Increased centralization of power may actually reflect the arguable increased centralization in modern economic life Since about 18 50 the general problem has been ... impossible to generalize without exceptions In general, however, economic ideas per se are much less important and salient than broadly political, social, and psychological ideas; ideas of political ... or liberalist and socialist, features and themes Among the individualist themes are enthusiasms for individual initiative, self-reliance, and self-development; economic (as well as political)...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 14 potx
... pale of scientific investigation, or passed over with a general assumption, after the manner of Mandeville, that private vices are public benefits (Cliffe Leslie, 18 79, p 15 4) Leslie elsewhere made ... be in a sorry state “here,” elsewhere affairs are better managed Rather like Perry Anderson some 90 years later (19 68), he suggested that there had occurred in continental Europe a revolt that ... history and lacked general validity, for “every people experiences a unique course of economic development” (p 76) As elsewhere, therefore, we encounter a critique of prevailing classical orthodoxy,...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 15 doc
... credit system, as well as America’s place in the international monetary order, awaited resolution Meanwhile, a long-standing controversy between advocates of free trade and advocates of protection ... 18 62, and often said in the years following, that if the war lasted long enough, it would very likely regenerate the American people, and I have been seeing more and more clearly since it closed, ... reality – one that sharply separated the United States from Germany – had to be faced squarely America lacked a cadre of professional civil servants competent to administer an enlarged program...
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A Companion to the History of Economic Thought - Chapter 16 pps
... capital [employed]” (Jevons, 19 11b [18 71] , p 256) Jevons (19 11b [18 71] , pp 212 13 ) also explicitly admitted that versions of the classical theory of rent, particularly those of James Mill (18 21) and ... The use of the latter requires no special knowledge, and they often express the conditions of economic life more 252 P GROENEWEGEN accurately, as well as more easily, than mathematical symbols; ... therefore applicable to “generalised trade [and] international trade” (Jevons, 19 1 1a [18 62], pp 308 10 ) Finally, the 18 62 paper showed the universal determination of the rate of interest “by the...
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