e— roles of apf and cbp—the small regulatory proteins of bile
The Economics of Small Business Finance: The Roles of Private Equity and Debt Markets in the Financial Growth Cycle potx
... alternative of small business finance is a growing of small business finance For example, the impact of the U.S of the early 1990s and the effect of the consolidation of the banking industry on the of ... that fund small businesses and academics in the nature and behavior of the financial At the core of this issue are questions about the type of financing need and receive at various stages of their ... various strands of the theoretical and empirical literature that have in the past focused on specific aspects of small firm finance but often have not captured the complexity these firms of small...
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Effects of apolipoprotein e on n methyl d aspartate receptor signalling the roles of ageing and chicken extract
... memorable and an enjoyable one Special thanks to Irwin, Alvin, Francis, Vanessa and Li Ren for their camaraderie and support All of them have been great mentors and friends, offering me advice and ... expression level of PKA-Cα and PKCα in brains of apoEKI mice models across three time points i.e 12, 32 and 72 weeks 71 Figure 3.6 Protein expression level of GluR1 and αCaMKII in brains of apoEKI ... and Nicholls, 1992; Koh et al., 1991; Martin et al., 1997) 1.3.4 Opposing roles of NMDAR subunits in synaptic plasticity Activation of NMDARs facilitates formation of both LTP and LTD (Bear and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Roles of AP-2 transcription factors in the regulation of cartilage and skeletal development doc
... treatment of the chick face with RA, and this is accompanied by an increase in apoptosis [73] The authors of this study ascribe the regulation of outgrowth of limb buds and patterning of the digits ... functions of AP-2s in physiological processes, they have also crucial roles in pathological processes such as tumorigenesis and genetic diseases [47] Most analyses of the regulation of AP-2 and the ... heterozygous loss of runx2 cause cleidocranial dysplasia [63] Role of AP-2a, AP-2b and AP-2e in chondrogenesis and skeletal development In addition to Sox and Runx transcription factors, members of the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Verprolin function in endocytosis and actin organization Roles of the Las17p (yeast WASP)-binding domain and a novel C-terminal actin-binding domain doc
... expect that the relative expression level of the tagged proteins is indicative of that of the equivalent untagged proteins To assess the function of these proteins in endocytosis we carried out ... expression level of the GFP-tagged proteins is indicative of that of the equivalent untagged proteins Lipid anchoring of C-Vrp1p bypasses the requirement for the LBD for endocytosis and growth at ... WASP-family proteins in mammalian cells suggesting that the physiological role of this interaction is conserved [30,52] Interactions of Vrp1p and Las17p in yeast and WIP and WASP-family proteins...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Induction of uPA gene expression by the blockage of E-cadherin via Src- and Shc-dependent Erk signaling docx
... University of Basel, Switzerland) and details will be published elsewhere Plasmids and siRNAs Construction of expression vectors for HA-tagged fulllength mouse p46shc, p52shc, and p66shc and the ... supernatant and immunostained with anti-E-cadherin IgG recognizing the cytoplasmic part of E-cadherin (B) T47D cells (a and b) and MCF7 cells (c and d) were grown for days to 60–70% confluence and then ... collagen gel, and showed that disruption of cell–cell adhesion induced Erk signaling downstream of E-cadherin This Erk activation was Src- and Shc-dependent and resulted in enhanced expression of the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Roles of the human Rad51 L1 and L2 loops in DNA binding doc
... eukaryotic and archaeal proteins (Fig 1A) Like the case of bacterial RecA, the L1 and L2 loops of the eukaryotic Rad51 proteins face A Roles of the HsRad51 L1 and L2 loops inside of their helical ... Roles of the HsRad51 L1 and L2 loops D231W (L1 loop) Table Changes in the fluorescence of tryptophan probes inserted in the L1 and L2 loop upon binding of nucleotides and DNA The fluorescence of ... Camerini-Otero DR & Takahashi M (1999) The L2 loop peptide of RecA stiffens and Roles of the HsRad51 L1 and L2 loops restricts base motions of single-stranded DNA similar to the intact protein FEBS Lett...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Critical roles of Asp40 at the haem proximal side of haem-regulated phosphodiesterase from Escherichia coli in redox potential, auto-oxidation and catalytic control doc
... auto-oxidation rates and catalytic activities of Ec DOS Breakage of the salt bridge between Asp40 and Arg85, and the hydrogen bond network consisting of Asp40, two water molecules and His77, appear ... region of the Fe(III) species, spectra of the Asp40 mutants were essentially similar to that of the wild-type protein Additionally, spin states of the Fe(III), Fe(II) and Fe(II)-CO complexes of Asp40 ... structure of the cyanide-bound complex of FixL is similar to that of its oxygen-bound complex [10], a cyanide binding study should facilitate elucidation of the structure and catalytic mechanism of...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Comparative studies on the functional roles of N- and C-terminal regions of molluskan and vertebrate troponin-I pdf
... equivalent volumes of M urea solution and then run on SDS ⁄ PAGE Lanes a and d, in the absence of both TnC and Ca2+; lanes b and e, in the presence of TnC and the absence of Ca2+; lanes c and f, in the ... absence of both urea and KCl and the presence of 0.5 mm CaCl2, whereas ATnI130)252, RTnI1)116, and RTnI96)181 strongly bound to TnCs These results suggested that the inhibitory region and the regulatory ... presence (lanes m–q) of equimolar amounts of Akazara scallop TnC Lanes h and m, ATnI-52K; lanes i and n, ATnI-19K; lanes j and o, ATnI1)128; lanes k and p, ATnI130)252; lanes l and q, ATnI232)292;...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Proton transfer in the oxidative half-reaction of pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase Structure of the reduced enzyme-progesterone complex and the roles of residues Tyr186, His181 and His184 pdf
... architecture of OYE1 and PETN reductase, and (ii) geometry for the binding of steroid compounds and 2-cyclohexen-1-one [2,19] The structure of the Y186F enzyme is essentially identical to that of wild-type ... C1 and C2; the double bond between C4 and C5 is not susceptible to reduction, and thus progesterone and related steroids (e.g 4-androstene3,17-dione), which lack a double bond between C1 and ... s, and indicate re-oxidation of the flavin and the formation of the hydride-Meisenheimer complex of TNT (C) As for panel B except the spectral changes are recorded over an extended time period and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "The Effect of Corpus Size in Combining Supervised and Unsupervised Training for Disambiguation" pdf
... occurrences are only counted once and structures giving rise to the same set of dependencies (a piece of a tile of a roof of a house vs a piece of a roof of a tile of a house) cannot be distinguished ... of MN, where S denotes the subject and V the verb So the supremum of that lattice is SV:pMN and the infimum is 0:p (which in this case corresponds to the MI of verb attachment and occurrence of ... corpus of size 0, achieves a performance of 76.1% The bottom five lines of each table evaluate combinations of a parameter set trained on a subset of WSJ (0.05% – 50%) and a particular size of the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Roles of the SH2 and SH3 domains in the regulation of neuronal Src kinase functions pptx
... dysfunction SH3 and SH2 domain dysfunction Deletion of N-terminal, SH3 and SH2 domain of active n-Src Deletion of N-terminal, SH3 and SH2 domain of kinase-dead n-Src of PP3, the inactive form of PP2, ... ligands of the SH3 and SH2 domains, respectively, both intra- and intermolecularly, and thereby disrupt the overall functions of Src kinase [3,18–21] After PP2 application, peak amplitudes of ... 300 400 Time (s) Fig Binding of n-Src and NR2A C-tail proteins (A–F) Surface plasmon resonance showing binding of wild-type and mutant n-Src proteins at concentrations of 0–400 nM to NR2A C-tail...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Haptoglobin binds the antiatherogenic protein apolipoprotein E – impairment of apolipoprotein E stimulation of both lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity and cholesterol uptake by hepatocytes pdf
... HRP-conjugated avidin and ECL Coomassiestained bands of VLDL and LDL proteins are shown in lanes and 2, respectively VLDL and LDL proteins, blotted onto the PVDF membrane and incubated with biotinylated ... Coomassie-stained bands This Hpt preparation contained small amounts of ApoA-I and ApoE, and was free of albumin and other protein contaminants Isolation of Hpt for in vitro assays and cell culture ... high levels of Hpt might also limit ApoA-I stimulation of macrophage secretion of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a major component of different classes of lipoproteins that plays a number of antiatherosclerotic...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Respective roles of the catalytic domains and C-terminal tail peptides in the oligomerization and secretory trafficking of human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase potx
... letters (A and B), whereas the small t peptides are designated by lower case letters (a and b), so that the wild-type AChE and BChE are Aa and Bb, and the chimeras are Ab and Ba Comparisons of wild-type ... between human AChE and BChE The T variants of human AChE and human BChE are composed of a catalytic domain of approximately 500 residues, followed by small C-terminal t peptides of 40 and 41 residues, ... the t peptides is that they allow the assembly of tetramers of AChET [7] and of BChET [8] and their association with the structural proteins ColQ and PRiMA [9,10] These heteromeric structures...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Delineation of the roles of FadD22, FadD26 and FadD29 in the biosynthesis of phthiocerol dimycocerosates and related compounds in Mycobacterium tuberculosis pptx
... Schematic representation of the roles of the FadD proteins encoded by the DIM + PGL locus in the biosynthesis of DIMs and related compounds in Mycobacterium tuberculosis The role of the activation enzymes ... knowledge of the biosynthesis of DIMs and PGLs, the in vivo functions of these FadD proteins in this pathway remain to be established and ⁄ or completed For instance, the involvement of FadD26 ... activation of the various intermediates in DIM and PGL biosynthesis has not been analyzed This study was undertaken to dissect the roles of FadD22, FadD26 and FadD29 in the biosynthesis of DIMs and...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Proteoglycans in health and disease: the multiple roles of syndecan shedding ppt
... 43 kDa 22 kDa Fig Schematic of the four vertebrate syndecans Syndecans-1 and -3 core proteins are larger than those of syndecan-2 and -4, and can bear both heparan and chondroitin sulfate chains ... and chondroitin sulfate chains of syndecan-1 and aggrecan [51,52] A recent study also reported that syndecan-4 may regulate activation of ADAMTS-5 via engagement of HS chains and regulation of ... Rosenfeld SA, Copeland RA, Decicco CP, Wynn R et al (1999) Purification and cloning of aggrecanase-1: a member of the ADAMTS family of proteins Science 284, 1664–1666 53 Echtermeyer F, Bertrand J, Dreier...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Dual mitochondrial localization and different roles of the reversible reaction of mammalian ferrochelatase ppt
... expressed and purified from Escherichia coli When ferrochelatase was phosphorylated in E coli, (Fig 4F, lower), the intensity of phosphoferrochelatase of S130A and S303A was decreased, and the band ... expression of ferrochelatase, which plays a role in the iron-removal reaction of exogenous heme and the change in position of the heme-moiety of hemoproteins The protoporphyrin ring of the heme-moiety ... IV, ABCB7 and b5 reductase (B) Densitometric quantitation of mitochondrial proteins Values are expressed as the mean ± SD of four experiments (C) Location of ferrochelatase in the outer and inner...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Critical roles of Leu99 and Leu115 at the heme distal side in auto-oxidation and the redox potential of a hemeregulated phosphodiesterase from Escherichia coli pptx
... 1211 Heme electronic states of Leu mutants of Ec DOS N Yokota et al Fig Partial sequences of amino acids of the PAS domains of Ec DOS and other related heme-bound PAS proteins The bold amino acids ... ligand binding kinetics of the PAS domain of Ec DOS, as it does in myoglobin and hemoglobin Examination of the effects of these hydrophobic amino acids on the kinetics of O2 and CO binding to the ... characteristics of O2 and CO binding Finally, we discuss the roles of these hydrophobic amino acids in the structure surrounding heme and the electronic states of heme Results and Discussion Optical...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Essential roles of lipoyl domains in the activated function and control of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases and phosphatase isoform 1 pot
... elevation of NADH/NAD+ and acetyl-CoA/CoA ratios The rise in these ratios is sensed by the rapid and reversible E3 and E2 reactions which act to increase the proportion of the lipoyl groups of E2 and ... Surface residues of the L2 domain of E2 that are required for activating PDK3 and PDP1 Panels A and B show opposing sides of space-filled models of the human L2 domain The position of Lys173 (lipoylated ... NADH/NAD+ ratio of 0.1 and acetyl-CoA/CoA ratio of 0.2 The most responsive human kinase isoform is PDK2 [17,18] The greater extended reach of the reduced and acetylated lipoyl group over that of the oxidized...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Roles of adenine anchoring and ion pairing at the coenzyme B12-binding site in diol dehydratase catalysis pptx
... activity and a small kinact of the Sa224N mutant (Table 1) would account for the lower steady-state concentration of cob(II)alamin species and the slower rate of irreversible cleavage of the Co–C ... Fate of the adenosyl group of AdoCbl in inactivation of a mutant holoenzyme during catalysis To study the fate of the adenosyl group, the upper axial ligand of AdoCbl, in the inactivation of the ... chain OH group of Sera224 and N3 of the adenine ring of the coenzyme adenosyl group is important for activation of the Co–C bond in the absence of substrate as well On the other hand, ion pairing...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Huntington’s disease: roles of huntingtin-interacting protein 1 (HIP-1) and its molecular partner HIPPI in the regulation of apoptosis and transcription pptx
... transcription caspase-6, and caspase-3 Cleavage of Bid and release of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factors from the mitochondria are also observed Coexpression of wild-type htt exon and Hippi decreases ... dominant nature of the disease suggests a toxic gain -of- function of the mutated protein that disrupts normal cellular functions and causes neuronal death [3] Loss -of- function of the wild-type ... models, brains of transgenic animals, and post-mortem brains of HD patients [2] Aggregate formation is enhanced with the increase in the number of glutamines in vitro and in vivo, and is believed...
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