drugs and your skin
Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 17)
... manufacturing drugs or as reagents for synthesis in industries; they are also used as aromatics. Because of their pharmacological e ect, alkyl nitrites are being abused as uncontrolled inhalant drugs and ... 0.05 mL of isobutyl nitrite or isobutyl alcohol standard solution at various concentrations and 0.2 mL distilled water are placed in the vial and mixed. e following procedure is exactly the ... of isobutyl nitrite and isobutyl alcohol in liquid specimens were 62 ng and 1.9 àg/mL, respectively [7]. > Figure 8.2 shows EI mass spectra of isobutyl nitrite (A) and isobutyl alcohol...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 67)
... environmental and biological samples using gas chromatography/negative-ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 30:1133–1143 623VX and its decomposition ... world with a shock and anxiety.VX is easily hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions, and also in the environmental water and soil to produce ethylmethylphosphonic acid (EMPA) and further methylphosphonic ... Figure 2.1 622 VX and its decomposition productsPoisoning case, and toxic and fatal concentrationsVX is much less volatile than sarin, but is highly permeable through the skin; usually victims...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 20)
... TMS and methyl ester-TMS derivatizations. GC/MS analysis of ∆9-THC-11-oic acid in urine 188 Cannabinoids and their metabolites GC analysis of cannabinoids in plant specimensaReagents and ... eluting solvent for getting each cannabinoid standard.ã ∆9-THC, CBD and CBN are separately dissolved in ethanol to prepare 0.050.5 mg/mL standard solution for each compound b. ã 5α-Cholestane ... disposition, and kinetics of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in men and women. Clin Pharmacol Ther 34:352–363 2) Agurell S, Halldin M, Lindgren J-E et al. (1986) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 21)
... HPLC analysisReagents and their preparationã Standard solutions of morphine for a calibration curve (2, 6 and 20 àg/mL): see “Reagents and their preparation”, above of GC and GC/MS analysis section.ã ... Neurosci 23:436–442Toxic and fatal concentrations 196 Morphine and its analoguesMain metabolic pathways of morphine, heroin and codeine. The thick and thin arrows show the main and minor metabolic ... (1992) Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis in Poisoning – With Commentary –, 4th edn. Nanzando, Tokyo, pp 230–234 (in Japanese) 200 Morphine and its analogues⊡ Figure 3.3 198 Morphine and its...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 70)
... wide-bore and medium-bore capillary columns. With the medium-bore capillary column, a big and broad peak due to mesitylene appears. e detection limits are about 0.3 and 0.1 àg/mL for wide-bore and ... nitrate and nitrite in drinking water: an update on methe-moglobinemia occurrence and reproductive and developmental toxicity. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 23:35–43Derivatization reaction for nitrite and ... headache, dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia and hypertension40–50 % mental derangement, listlessness and metabolic acidosisnot lower than 50 % coma, convulsive attack and hypotension70 % deathA poisoning...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 71 and End)
... methylphosphono-thiolate 619OHMA 181OHnorBZP 171, 179, 183oleandrigenin 519oleander poisoning 524oleander toxins 519oleandrin 519, 521, 523, 525on-column derivatization 238on-column ... 449glyphosate 545GPC 366grand mal 351GS-Q 121, 167HH2S 101hair 3, 9hair dyes 415hair dye components 416–418hair dye couplers 416, 419hallucinations 469hallucinatory drugs 225hallucinogen ... nitrite, nitrate, chlorate, chlorite, alkyl nitrites, nitroglycerin, aniline and other compounds. In 1938, Evelyn and Malloy [1] had devised a photoelectric method for determination of Met-Hb...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 22)
... author tried ketamine and an-Toxic and fatal concentrations 216 Cocaine and its metabolitestipyrine as ISs for cocaine; ketamine su ered from variation of its peak height and antipy-rine showed ... sampling, and processed for extraction and derivatiza-tion procedure. Good recoveries of cocaine and its metabolites can be obtained with a mixed type extraction column (Bond Elut Certifyđ) and a ... obtained. For BE, Metabolic pathways of cocaine.⊡ Figure 4.4Toxic and fatal concentrations 212 Cocaine and its metabolites and tablets of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ( MDMA) were also...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 23)
... [1–4], HPLC [5–7] and GC/MS [8]. In this chapter, a simple method for GC/MS analysis of pentazocine in human whole blood and urine is presented.Structures of pentazocine and dextromethorphan ... solid K2CO3 and 3 mL of chloroform. e tube is vortex-mixed well and centri-fuged at 3,000 rpm for 5 min. e upper aqueous phase is carefully removed with a Pasteur pipette, and the lower ... extracted from whole blood and urine. In this system, ions at m/z 271 plus 214 (IS) and at m/z 285 plus 217 (pentazocine) were used at the retention times of 3–7 min and 7–8 min, respectively....
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 24)
... tract is rapid and distinct visual hallucination takes place 45 min–1 h a er oral intake of about 20 àg of LSD [1]. e hallucination becomes most marked 2–3 h a er the intake and lasts for ... lasts for 8–12 h.In this chapter, a detection method by TLC and con rmatory analysis by GC/MS for LSD are presented.Reagents and their preparation ã LSD can be obtained from each local bureau ... of 4 % potassium iodide solution and 24 mL distilled water. 226 Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)PretreatmentsLSD is seized in the forms of tablets, capsules and paper sheets. e latter is...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 25)
... amphetamines and/ or other pharmaceutical agents, such as ca eine and ketamine [4, 5].Structures of MDA and its analogues.⊡ Figure 7.1 231Reagents and their preparation ã MDA, MDMA and MDEA ... Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is 250 ng/mL.Symptoms, and toxic and fatal concentrationsMDMA causes increased catecholamine (including serotonin) release and blockade ... abused to enhance mutual understanding, communi-cativeness and empathy together with their hallucinogenic e ects [1–3]. ey are known as a group of designer drugs, and include 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine(MDA),...
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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 26)
... vitreous humor and urine than in blood. Villain et al. [21] and Elliott [31] have tentatively set positive cuto limits of GHB at 50 and 30 àg/mL for postmortem blood, and 10 and 20 àg/mL for ... GC/MS analysis of PCP in blood and urine is pre-sented.Structures of PCP and pethidine (IS).⊡ Figure 8.1Reagents and their preparationi. ReagentsPCP hydrochloride and pethidine ( meperidine) ... and IS. In this method, combined ions at m/z 242 ([M–1]+) plus 200 and those at m/z 246 ([M–1]+) plus 232 plus 218 are used for PCP and IS, respectively. e mass chromatograms of PCP and...
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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 27) ppt
... TIC and MCs for 5 phenothiazine drugs obtained by GC/MS. Panels A and B show a TIC and an MC for the authentic compounds, respectively; panels C and D those for extracts of human whole blood and ... and Yoshinao KatsumataIntroductionPhenothiazine drugs, including chlorpromazine and levomepromazine, have been being widely used as neuroleptics ( major tranquilizers), antiparkinsonian drugs ... column can be attached and which enables a low ow rate of 50200 àL/min, can be used, regardless of its manufacturer.References 1) Baldessarini RJ, Tarazi FI (2001) Drugs and the treatment of...
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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 28) pptx
... HPLC and LC/MS analysisReagents and their preparation e sources for acquisition of haloperidol, bromperidol and their reduced forms is the same as described in the GC/MS section.TICs and ... by GC/MS for the authentic standards of butyrophenone drugs (100 ng/mL each) (A) and for a serum extract from a poisoned patient (B). m/z 224: haloperidol (HP) and reduced haloperidol (RHP); ... bromperidol (BP, IS) and reduced bromperidol (RBP).⊡ Figure 2.2HPLC and LC/MS analysis 269Notesa) When GC/MS, HPLC and LC/MS are compared for analysis of haloperidol and bromperi-dol, the...
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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 29) ppt
... Japan.Poisoning cases, and toxic and fatal concentrations 274 Tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants⊡ Figure 3.2TICs for tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants and carbamazepine obtained ... lofepramine.Poisoning cases, and toxic and fatal concentrationsIn > Table 3.1, the therapeutic and toxic blood concentrations of each compound are shown [4]. For all drugs, the toxic levels were ... Tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressantsby Akira Namera and Mikio YashikiIntroductionMany of antidepressants exert their e ects by inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin and...
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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 30) doc
... analysis of triazolam, and its metabolites 4-hydroxy-triazolam and α-hydroxytriazolam is also presented.GC/MS analysis of benzodiazepines in blood and urineReagents and their preparation ... 4-hydroxytriazolam and α-hydroxytriazolam and 50 ng of alprazolam were added to 1 mL blood plasma.⊡ Figure 4.3 286 Benzodiazepineschlordizepoxide, between utoprazepam and bromazepam and between ... etizolam and brotizolam for both blood and urine. e detection limits of these 13 drugs were 1–5 ng/mL. For nitrazepam, mexazolam, nimetazepam, clonazepam, bromazepam, to sopam, estazolam and...
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