... is the mass ofthe gas in the bulb; cpg , the specific heat ofthe gas; mw , the mass ofthe wall ofthe bulb; cpw , the specific heat ofthe wall; hf , the heat transfer coefficient between the ... (because ofthe presence ofthe T term) The solution of this equation gives the steady state temperature ofthe plate If we want to calculate the temperature ofthe plate as a function of time, ... (2.15) where L is the length ofthe pipe section; D, the diameter ofthe pipe section and µ, the dynamic viscosity ofthe fluid and the subscript k, indicates theelement number The mass flux rate...
... ofthe bone mantle will rotate with respect to the outer surface, due to the transfer ofthe torsional load Exclusion ofthe shearing ofthe bone might result in a much stiffer behaviour ofthe ... from the prosthesis volume Frictionless touching contact was defined between the prosthesis and the bone Finally, the constraints in the FE model prohibit all movements ofthe outer surface ofthe ... Ai is the area of triangle i, ℓ0i is the thickness ofthe supporting bone when it is undeformed and Δℓi is the change in thickness ofthe bone due to displacement ofthe prosthesis...
... http://www.josr-online.com/content/4/1/26 Figure theMeshof three-dimensional FiniteElement model ofthe prosthetized tibia Meshofthe three-dimensional FiniteElement model ofthe prosthetized tibia a) Complete FE model mesh; b) ... edges ofthe bone Central Central position ofthe prosthesis in the tibia model; the baseplate is equidistant from the medial and lateral edges ofthe bone The medial and lateral regions of interest ... osteolysis ofthe proximal tibia under the prosthetic component at year followup Based on the identified cases, a three-dimensional finiteelement model ofthe tibia with the prosthesis in situ...
... 3 .THE STIFFNESS MATRIX OFTHE BEAM ON THE ELASTIC FOUNDATION IN THE SYSTEM OFTHE GLOBAL CO-ORDINATE In the above part, we presented the stiffness matrix with the system of local co-ordinate of ... 6.RESULT OFTHE CALCULATION OF SECTION FORCE AND DEFINE THE REGION OF ELASTIC REACTION FORCE OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURE 6.1 .The receiving result ofmesh 40 element : 30 elements beam on the elastic ... matrix Then assembling theelement equations based on the continuous conditions, the boundary conditions to make the system of equation and next step is solving this system of equation The beam element...
... unitary stress of N distributed among the knots ofthe other ending, in the mental region (Figure 2) In view ofthe large number (270,000 to 305,000) offinite elements in the meshes generated, ... validated by a finiteelement numerical model); Thefiniteelement analysis method has been used in the last decades for study of biological structures such as bone In these cases, geometry ofthe structures ... the presence and greater rigidity of rigid fixation media The fact that these fields are equally placed in the two groups, near the anterior region ofthe condylar neck, shows the advantage of...
... exist between these families, the algorithms involve the development of a geometric representation ofthe structure, which provides the basis for the construction ofthefiniteelementmesh (Sapadis ... be taken ofthe size ofthe heterogeneous structure ofthe material This implies that the maximum size offinite elements used to model strain softening behavior should be linked to the aggregate ... (2.15) in which [ Kc ] is theelement stiffness matrix of an element bei tween the contours Γo and Γ1, and Nc is the number of such elements The derivatives oftheelement stiffness matrices...
... only the waveguides are modeled with finite elements (see Fig 1) Consequently, the size ofthe finite element system (i.e., number of degrees of freedom) is only determined by themeshofthe waveguides; ... depends neither on the number nor on kind of complex parts Besides, the relocation or the addition of complex parts in the HBN does not require rebuilding the finite element system In the presented ... acoustical element in Fig As shown, since the coefficients of Ak are defined only at existing nodal pressures ofthe fluid domain, adding the acoustical element does not increase the size ofthe original...
... optimised The optimisation of meshes of complex domains often presents an additional difficulty - the worst elements in themesh often have nodes on the boundary ofthe domain The relocation of these ... choosen mesh can have a significant impact on the accuracy ofthe solution [1], therefore it is crucial that the best possible mesh is used The quality of a mesh is a function ofthe quality of its elements ... techniques • Mesh Optimisation: The process of finding the optimal position ofmesh nodes without changing themesh connectivity • Mesh Improvement: The process of improving the quality of a mesh This...
... 5.2 The effect of Poisson’s ratio ofthe disc nucleus on the axial stiffness ofthe lumbar motion segment 60 Fig 5.3 The effect of Young’s Modulus ofthe disc nucleus on the axial stiffness ofthe ... in choosing the correct mesh density according to the nature ofthe problems to be solved and the ultimate objectives ofthe solving the problems If themesh is too coarse, then theelement will ... components ofthe spine, can be inherited in the children meshed generated from mesh- mapping The minimum number of distorted elements in the Smit model ensures that effects ofelement distortion in the...
... layers consist of 1440 elements of length 1.6 µm The ratio between the heights of elements in successive layers ofthe first five is 0.9 The remaining four layers are meshed with larger elements Two ... single grit grinding The above behaviour ofthe cutting force can be explained by the depth of penetration ofthe grit into the workpiece At the beginning, the penetration ofthe grit is still negligible, ... layers have 720 elements each, while the last two contain 360 elements each The lengths of elements in these layers are correspondingly 3.2 and 6.4 µm The height of elements in the same layer...
... information on the pattern of metal flow, two simulations were performed as preliminaries, one being the simulation ofthe finish forging ofthe rectangular stock, and the other the simulation ofthe finish ... called the backward tracing scheme, using the capabilities ofthefiniteelement method, and tested it for preform design in shell nosing The concept ofthe approach is to trace the loading path of ... such as the determination of required processes, die design, preform design and the selection ofthe process conditions Recent development in the field of forgings has had the objectives of reducing...
... securities The entire dollar-balance matures daily There is no requirement that the Treasury Department invest the ESF, so Treasury may suspend the investment ofthe dollar-balance ofthe ESF during ... debt limit impasse Suspending the daily reinvestment ofthe dollar-balance ofthe ESF immediately frees up headroom under the debt limit Because the dollar-balance ofthe ESF is approximately $23 ... part ofthe response to the financial crisis in 2008 and 2009, Treasury has already sold most of these assets and is conducting an orderly wind-down ofthe remaining investments A fire sale of these...
... these circumstances the official statements ofthe Governor ofthe Bank are the only authentic expositions we shall have ofthe policy ofthe Bank Directors, whether as respects the past or the ... IMPORTANCE OFTHE LATE MEETING OFTHE PROPRIETORS OFTHE BANK OF ENGLAND CHAPTER VII 48 'The late meeting ofthe proprietors ofthe Bank of England has a very unusual importance There can be ... have said whether he would assimilate the practice ofthe Bank of England to that ofthe other banks, or that ofthe other banks to the practice ofthe Bank of England Fourthly Mr Hankey should...
... in the grammar, and improving the grammar directly improves the quality ofthe treebank in a mutually beneficial feedback loop The second reason is that we wanted to annotate to a high level of ... 3.1 Syntactic Annotation The construction ofthe treebank is a two stage process First, the corpus is parsed (in our case using JACY), and then the annotator selects the correct analysis (or ... log in the length ofthe sentence (Tanaka et al., 2005) Because the disambiguating choices made by the annotators are saved, it is possible to semi-automatically update the treebank when the grammar...
... to the people and their country (16) Having discoursed upon the quality and quantity ofthe land, the genealogies ofthe princes, the sources ofthe rivers, and the derivation ofthe names of ... against the attack ofthe hunters on the eastern and how on the western side; the singularity of their tails, which partake more ofthe nature of fish than flesh For further particulars see the Itinerary ... means the lowest rank; for history, as the moral philosopher declares, "is the record of antiquity, the testimony of ages, the light of truth, the soul of memory, the mistress of conduct, and the...
... configuration ofthe surface, or ofthe character of vegetation Reminiscences ofthe woody valleys ofthe Cordilleras and ofthe Peak of Teneriffe Advantages ofthe mountainous region near the equator, ... geognosy (the study ofthe textures and ofthe position ofthe earth's strata), and to the configuration of continents and insular groups elevated above the level ofthe sea (the study ofthe geographical ... 'future' History ofthe world and descriptionofthe world p 26-73 Attempts to embrace the multiplicity ofthe phenomena ofthe Cosmos in the unity of thought and under the form of a purely rational...
... percentage of patients still lived with their parents (48% ofthe male and 46% ofthe female patients) in contrast to approximately one quarter ofthe general population The analysis of marital ... to the control collective Quality of life measured with the Profile of Quality of Life in the Chronically Ill (PLC) revealed mean values for capacity of performance in the patient group in the ... participated in the design ofthe study and participated in the analysis ofthe questionnaires JR did the data collection ND, MG and JS participated in the design and the data analysis ND did the statistical...
... carried on board these spacecraft Thedescriptionofthe Cospas-Sarsat LEO Space Segment is provided in document C/S T.003 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this document is to describe the functionality ... 2008 The GEOSAR repeater receives 406 MHz beacon signals within the field of view ofthe 406 MHz receive antenna beam The beacon signals are processed by the repeater and transmitted on the downlink ... ° Rev.3 October 2001 The output ofthe receivers are provided to the redundant pair of SAR transmitters The selected SAR transmitter phase modulates the signal, multiplies the signal to 1544.5...
... only The rich man wants the full rate of mercantile profit on the whole ofthe capital employed in his trade, but the poor man wants only the interest of money (perhaps not a third ofthe rate of ... deposit at the Banking Department ofthe Bank of England This is by far the easiest and safest place for them to use The Bank of England thus has the responsibility of taking care of it The same ... those of any other city —those of Great Britain many times greater than those of any other country Of course the deposits of bankers are not a strictly accurate measure ofthe resources of a Money...
... 20 The purpose of this paper is to give a mod-p analogue ofthe Lomonaco invariant-theoretic descriptionofthe lambda algebra for p an odd prime More precisely, using modular invariants ofthe ... ∗ y for any elements x, y ∈ Δ ) , On an Invariant-Theoretic Descriptionofthe Lambda Algebra 23 Definition 2.2 Let Γ denote the two-sides ideal of Δ generated by all elements ofthe forms −1 ... homogeneous element and suppose u ∈ Γ From the definition of Γ we see that u is a sum of elements ofthe form u i ∗ si ∗ z i , where ui ∈ Δni , zi ∈ Δn−ni −2 and si is one ofthe elements given...