... angles of anterior teeth: mesiolabial labioincisal mesiolingual linguoincisal distolabial mesioincisal distolingual distoincisal Line angles of posterior teeth: mesiobuccal bucco-occlusal mesiolingual ... of teeth The cervical line is normally curved (convex) toward the incisal (occlusal) on the mesial and distal surfaces of teeth DIRECTION OF CURVATURE The amount (depth) of cervical line curvature ... developmental grooves indicative of lobe division include the central buccal, and lingual grooves c Buccal Groove I ~&wl Groove Mandibular Second Molar (4 Lobes) IV General Occlusal Curvatures and Axial...
... the calculation of abnormal accruals Abnormal accruals (AbnAccruals) for each firm i in industry j are defined as the residual from the regression of total accruals (the difference between cash ... discretionary accruals and a significantly positive association with negative discretionary accruals CONCLUSION This study examines whether audit committee practices proposed by panels of practitioners ... percent, percent, and percent levels, respectively a All financial variables except Ln(Assets) are scaled by total assets Earnings, |Earnings|, CashFlows, |CashFlows|, Total Accruals , Abnormal...
... We also find that for private companies, greater pre-client general experience reduces the magnitude of discretionary accruals, and more specifically, reduces extreme positive discretionary accruals ... Auditor choice and the cost of debt capital in newly public firms Journal of Accounting and Economics 37: 113-136 Sengupta, P 1998 Corporate disclosure quality and the cost of debt The Accounting ... negative discretionary accruals for public companies Regarding client-specific experience, we find that pre-listing partner tenure constrains the magnitude of discretionary accruals overall, as well...
... that greater pre-client experience reduces extreme positive discretionary accruals but does not affect the magnitude of discretionary accruals or negative discretionary accruals This finding ... rotations Accounting Today (August 12) Dechow, P 1994 Accounting earnings and cash flows as measures of firm performance: The role of accounting accruals Journal of Accounting and Economics 18 (1): ... tenure constrains the magnitude of discretionary accruals as well as extreme negative discretionary accruals Prelisting audit firm tenure also constrains extreme negative discretionary accruals.6...
... valuation roles of equity book value and net income as a function of financial health Journal of Accounting and Economics 25 (February): 1–34 ———, Y Konchitchki, and W R Landsman 2005 Cost of capital ... financial expertise Consistent with DeFond etal (2005), we define ACCT FE as equal to if anyone on the audit committee has experience as a public accountant, auditor, principal or chief financial of cer, ... we collected information concerning board of director characteristics commonly used in corporate governance research, including the percentage of independent directors, total number of directors,...
... audits of annual accounts and consolidated accounts, amending Council Directives 78/660/EEC and 83/349/EEC and repealing Council Directive 84/253/EEC Official Journal of the European Communities ... imperfect signal of the other player’s private choices, because payoffs for any given choice pair are probabilistic rather than deterministic, and identical payoffs can occur under multiple choice ... 1982 Microeconomic Systems as an Experimental Science The American Economic Review 72 (5): 923-955 Smith, V L 2003 Constructivist and Ecological Rationality in Economics American Economic Review...
... nondiscretionary accruals (Dechow etal 1995; Kothari etal 2005), we include cash flow to control for the nondiscretionary component of accruals, which is not extracted by 23 our accrual model We include ... non-discretionary accruals and that the apportionment cannot be observed, our measure estimates discretionary accruals Following Dechow etal (1995), we calculate total accruals as the change in current ... arguments and an alternative The Journal of Accountancy 145 (5): 69-78 International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) 2008 Code of ethics for professional accountants IFAC Ethics Committee Report:...
... firm characteristics (e.g., size) b Difference from neutral value of Bracketed difference values indicate increases, while non-bracketed values indicate decreases, relative to neutral TABLE Perceived ... b Difference from neutral value of Bracketed difference values indicate disagreement, while non-bracketed values indicate agreement, relative to neutral Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory ... to firm characteristics (e.g., size) b Difference from neutral value of Bracketed difference values indicate disagreement, while non-bracketed values indicate agreement, relative to neutral Auditing:...
... Then, the discretionary accruals (DACC) are computed as the difference between total accruals scaled by prior-year total assets and NDACC We use the following model to test the impact of mandatory ... between Big N and non-Big N client firms (Becker etal 1998) We include AGE because accruals differ with changes in firms’ life cycles (Myers etal 2003), with an expectation of lower accruals ... discretionary portion of accruals, we first estimate the predicted nondiscretionary accruals by using the crosssectional model of the performance-matched modified Jones model, and then subtract...
... part of corporate governance, can exert pressures to improve financial performance (Rogers, 2006) Amer Alhazaimeh etal / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 129 (2014) 341 – 348 According ... Egypt.”.International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics, 3(4), 430-445 Amer Alhazaimeh etal / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 129 (2014) 341 – 348 Bushman, R, Chen, Q Engel, E ... Financial Performance of Selected Commercial Banks in Uganda Makerere University Business School, Faculty of Commerce East Africa: Kampala Uganda Singhvi, S S., & Desai, H B (1971) An empirical...
... BA FD/IC SR Rem MC CB OR BA FD/IC SR Rem MC CB Automobiles Basic resources Chemicals Construction Cyclical goods and services Energy Food and beverage Healthcare Industrial goods and services Media ... The second-most important category is financial disclosure and internal controls, which especially affects performance in the home market Finally, shareholder rights also affect performance, but ... several indices for corporate governance GMI uses approximately 500 different corporate governance criteria to capture a broad range of internationally accepted governance characteristics These characteristics...
... firm-speci c governance considerations can influence the crosslisting decision More specifically, we examine two sets of internal factors and how they affect crosslisting activity The first set of factors ... Karolyi, G A and Salva, C (2006) The economic consequences of increased disclosure: Evidence from international crosslistings, Journal of Financial Economics, 81: 175–213 Baker, H., Nofsinger, J and ... investment projects and to attract external capital to fund those projects influences the decision to crosslist The final section of this essay contains our conclusions and a discussion of some of the unexplored...
... Sections and of this chapter extend the concept of skew product flow of processes to a more general concept which is called skew product flow of quasi-processes and investigate the existence of almost ... mainly concerned with the following concrete examples of subspaces of AP (X) which satisfy condition H: Example 2.1 Let us denote by P(1) the subspace of AP (X) consisting of all 1periodic functions ... consequence of Theorem 1.17 the space of all almost periodic functions taking values in X with sup-norm is a Banach space which will be denoted by AP (X) For almost periodic functions the following criterion...
... impact of a contractionary monetary policy shock 13.3 The effect of a contractionary monetary policy shock on other macro variables 13.4 Net funds raised by each sector 13.5 Impact of a contractionary ... Winkler etalby financial intermediaries, which they contrast with conventional discussions of the balance sheet management by non-financial firms Concerning the latter, the size of the assets of the ... ‘Macroeconomic imbalances and risks to financial stability’ explores the use of flow of funds for macrofinancial analysis Financial flows and sectoral balance sheets are the ‘bread and butter’ of...
... and so called ‘anomalies’ Tests of whether market prices always equal fundamental value These tests use past data and calculate fundamental value (or the variance of fundamental value of stocks) ... required by the regulator to keep a minimum 3% ratio of Tier capital (the so called high quality capital) over the sum of total assets and off-balance sheet exposures Tier capital is formed by common ... particular circumstances, financial collapse In the more recent case of the financial crisis, the asymmetric information approach splits between two different basic explanations having radically...
... white collar crime have been widely recognized: corporate crime and occupational crime Corporate crime is defined most concisely as illegal and harmful financially driven acts committed by officers ... the overall growth of financial assets as a share of sector value That is to say, if crisis is a structural feature of current financial markets, then the more that nonfinancial economic sectors ... material economies Using financial capital to expand material economic sectors and to green our economies is distributive—the opposite of using financial capital to make more financial capital,...
... affect the measurements clinically, was also recorded ECG measurements were examined by an independent clinician to determine if the recorded QTc intervals were affected by underlying cardiac condition(s) ... measuring albuterol in a clinical setting Recent reviews have raised concerns about the safety of using large doses of b2-agonists, especially in patientswith underlying cardiovascular comorbidity ... associated with the plasma level of rac-albuterol when administered by an inhaler in the emergency department setting Long-term effect(s) of continuous high circulating albuterol enantiomer concentrations...
... University of Bochum/Clinic Bergmannsheil All of these patients had a c- ANCA titer of more than 1:160 (indirect immunofluorescence on alcohol-fixed neutrophils) Northern blot analysis Total RNA was ... sequentially analyzed with light and fluorescent microscopy The lectin of B purpurea binds specifically to pneumocytes type I, whereas the lectin of M pomifera binds to pneumocytes type II Microscopic ... invasion of circulating monocytes to inflammatory sites Just etal showed an upregulation of PR-3 mRNA expression especially in circulating monocytes, but not in neutrophils, in patientswith cystic...
... Evaluation Scale (ACES), in an unselected sample of 278 patients who received oral psychopharmacological treatment according to standard clinical practice at emergency rooms in Spain Methods Subjects ... JM, Pérez-Sola V, Casillas M, López-Carrero C, et al: Clinical characteristics of agitated psychotic patients treated with an oral antipsychotics attended in the emergencyroom setting: NATURA study ... observational study in patientswithacute psychotic episodes and agitation who entered the emergency service, a sample ofpatients treated in routine clinical practice settings The factorial analysis confirms...